The Original Memphis Five Part 3: September 1922 – February 1925: Busiest Band In The Land By Ralph Wondraschek After the Original Memphis Five had played their last night at Busoni’s Rosebud ballroom, Surf Ave. & West 5th St., Coney Island (July 18 – Sept.08)394, 395, 396, 777, they started, from September 09, with a doubling scheme, alternating evenings between the Danceland, Surf Ave. & 20th St., Coney Island, and the Balconades Ballroom, 66th St. & Columbus Ave., Manhattan, for a period of two weeks.396 to 402 Then, the band topped even that: The Original Memphis Five … are now appearing in three dance halls each week and are making records for eleven different phonograph companies. They appear weekly at the Palais de Danse, Brooklyn; Healy’s Balconades, and Healy’s Danceland, at 95th street [formerly Healy’s Sunken Gardens]. Besides this, they are recording for the Columbia, Arto, Banner, Pathé, Actuelle, Gennett, Paramount, Regal, Brunswick and Cameo. The members of the Original Memphis Five are Phil Napoleon, leader, cornetist; Frank Signorelli, pianist; James Lytell, clarinet; Charles PanoIIy [sic], trombone, and Jack Roth, drums. (New York Clipper, November 01, 1922, p.28)

Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 09, 1922, p.22

The tripling schedule had started on September 22, 1922 with the opening of yet another Busoni ballroom, the Palais De Danse, Flatbush Ave. & Sterling Place, Brooklyn 402, 403: BUSONI’S PALAIS de DANCE The latest addition to Brooklyn’s sumptuous amusement enterprises, Busoni’s Palais de Dance, at Flatbush avenue and Sterling place, is now open. … Continuous dance music will be provided at the Palais de Dance by the original “Memphis Five” and Frank Ulrich’s Society Orchestra, both combinations being well known among the dancers of the greater city and patrons of vaudeville. The new enterprise is under the personal direction of Sixti Busoni, and the general management is in the hands of Joseph Johnston, well-known Brooklynite.404, 407 The Brooklyn Standard Union, October 08, 1922, p.05 reported: … Every Thursday evening there is held a “Memphis Frolic” under the auspices of the “Original Memphis Five”, the featured dance music attraction at the Palais de Danse. On these occasions, amateur and professional dancing stars vie with one another for special prizes and the plaudits of their multitudes of followers. Brooklyn Standard Union, October 22, 1922, p.06 PALAIS DE DANSE Numerous unique dancing features provided by Managing Director Sixte Busoni at his new Palais de Danse, at Flatbush avenue and Sterling place, have made that sumptuous ballroom practically the centre of

Brooklyn Standard Union, September 22, 1922, p.14

New York Daily News, October 17, 1922, p.17

NY Daily News, Nov. 08, 1922, p.17 NY Daily News, Nov. 15, 1922, p.17

Brooklyn’s terpsichorean activities. During the week the regular nightly dancing sessions are enlivened considerably by the carnivals that are staged on Tuesdays and the “Memphis Frolics” that are held Thursday evenings. The

former are given under the personal direction of Miss Elsie Brewster, who is the hostess supervising the Palais de Danse dancers, while the “Memphis Frolics” are engineered by the members of the famous “Original Memphis Five” Jazz Band. The latter provide the nightly syncopation that has made the Palais de Danse the most popular ballroom in town in the few weeks that it has already been in operation. What the press reports didn’t mention was the fact that Busoni had remodeled his former Danse Caprice and had renamed it Palais De Danse. The bands that alternated their jobs with the OM5 at the Palais De Danse and at the Danceland, 95th St. & Broadway (formerly Healy’s Sunken Gardens), were Frank Ulrich’s Society Orchestra,402 to 416, 1801 to 1803 the ODJB,780, 422 and Fisher’s Californians and the New Orleans Jazz Band.1804 to 1807 However, the Danceland at 95th Street & Broadway was a short-lived venture of Busoni: The former Healy place at Broadway and 95th street has been converted into a popular dance resort. (Variety, August 18, 1922, p.38) Thomas Healy’s Sunken Gardens, at Broadway and Ninety-fifth street, which is now being operated as a dance palace, will be reconverted into a restaurant the latter part of January and will be operated jointly by Healy and John Wagoner, formerly general manager of Reisenweber’s. (New York Clipper, January 03, 1923, p.06) Then, after October 18, 1922, when the Original Indiana Five had abruptly quit their (exclusive) engagement at the Balconades,781 and went on to a 6 ½ months stay at the Bluebird Ballroom, Broadway & 48th St. (c. Oct. 20, 1922 – c. May 04, 1923),782 to 790 the OM5 had to help out there, too.418 The band which alternated with the OM5 at the Balconnades from November 20, 1922 to late December 1922 was Lou Gold’s Orchestra.1808 to 1812 Then, starting in early January 1923 as the second band at the Balconades, the Circle Quintet [Harry Gluck, t – Andy Pagano, sax – Jerry Antonacci, vn & ldr – Ray Bloch, p – Harry King, d] began alternating with the OM5 there (…used to be the second band to the OM5 at the Busoni spots at about this period 891).

NY Daily News, Nov. 20, 1922, p.17 NY Daily News, Nov. 21, 1922, p.20

NY Daily News, Nov. 23, 1922, p.21 NY Daily News, Nov. 24, 1922, p.25

NY Daily News, Nov. 25, 1922, p.17 NY Evening Telegram, Dec. 22, 1922, p.04

THREE ORCHESTRAS AT BUSONI’S A novelty in the way of orchestra presentation occurred last week [June 11 – 16] at Busoni’s Balconades when three orchestras of the same instrumentation furnished the dance music, these being the Original Memphis Five, the Original Dixieland Jazz Band and the Circle Quintette. All of these are Dixieland combinations and play the style of music that the patrons of the Balconades like. (New York Clipper, June 20, 1923, p.28) New Orleans cornetist Johnny DeDroit, whose band was playing an engagement at Busoni’s Balconades in late 1924, did remember the Circle Quintet: DeDroit was preparing for a Sunday matinee at the Balconades, alternating with the Circle Quintet, in September- early October 1924. According to DeDroit, someone within that group decided to “take him [DeDroit] down a notch” by inviting Bix Beiderbecke, who at that time was playing with the Wolverines at the Cinderella Ballroom, into the lineup of the Circle Quintet as a “ringer” to steal the show. DeDroit picks up the story: Bix played a number and after I heard him I knew we had nothing to worry about. It wasn’t Bix’s fault; it was the accompaniment from the other band who knew nothing about his music.1734

The Circle Quintet, 1923 (The Balconades News [published by ballroom proprietor Sixte Busoni], late 1923-early 1924) L-R: Jerry Antonacci, vn&ldr / Andy Pagano, as-ts-bar / Harry King, d / Harry Gluck, t / Ray Bloch, p.

Eventually, this demanding tripling schedule got too much for the OM5, and from November 20, 1922 onwards, the band played at the Balconades exclusively.423 to 426, 952 to 954, 1805

Incredibly, despite this already busy schedule, the OM5 found the time to play some one-night stands:

NY Morning Telegraph, Sunday, October 08, 1922, p.03 FROLICS OF 1923 HAS LOTS OF ‘PEP’ A large and enthusiastic crowd over in Ed Goate and Ben Walker’s new and cosy Rockwell Terrace [Cabaret], opposite the Orpheum Theatre in Brooklyn, fully enjoyed what was called the dress rehearsal of Al Herman’s “Frolics of 1923”, a revue, last Friday evening [Oct. 06]. … Another entertaining tid-bit was the Memphis Five, a company of real syncopators and players of instrumental jazz music, who specialized … in some dance strains for Rockwell Terrace patrons to dance to. NY Morning Telegraph, December 03, 1922, p.08 The Thursday midnight shows at the Park Music Hall have become one of the most important features of showland in New York. Eighty percent of the house is generally made up of professional people … the treat of the evening or rather of the Friday morning comes toward the end when the master of ceremonies calls for the house lights, spots famous show folk in the audience and then invites them one by one to come upon the stage and do an impromptu turn. Among those present Thursday night a week ago [Nov. 23] … the Original Memphis Five… . The show broke up at 4:30 in the morning. This is always a big clown night and a great time is had by all. … those disciples of unalloyed jazz, the “Original Memphis 5” – bass drum and all. And then – what a swaying intoxication of harmonies! 910

Clarence Williams Music Publishing Co., endorsing the OM5 as interpreters of his compositions. Billboard, December 23, 1922, p.23

Greensboro, NC, Daily News, December 02, 1922, p.06 [“The Cotton Pickers records are full of noise and the last word in Jazz Music.” (Edwardsville, IL, Intelligencer, September 27, 1922, p.08)]

The Daily Illini, February 20, 1923, p.05 The Daily Illini, April 08, 1923, p.10

New York Clipper, Wednesday, December 06, 1922, p.28 MEMPHIS FIVE AT PARK The Original Memphis Five, one of the best Dixieland combinations in New York, is appearing in the midnight shows held every Thursday at the Park Music Hall and is proving one of the hits of the performance. Twice since the band has been added to the attraction they have stopped the show. NY Morning Telegraph, Sunday, December 10, 1922, p.07 Another highly successful clown night was offered last Thursday [Dec. 07], at the midnight show of Burlesque at the Park [Music Hall]. Many well known professionals were in the audience. Those midnighters are fast becoming the talk of the village. Among those who entered into the impromptu entertainment were the Original Memphis Five, … In Variety, December 15, 1922, p.23 appeared a short review of a disc the OM5 had recorded on October 02 : REVIEWS OF DISKS: JI-JI-BOO / YOU CAN HAVE HIM BLUES PATHE No. 20642 ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE The Memphis quintet is comparatively new to the disks but on this showing qualifies as one of the best “blues” recorders. Both selections are of that type with the Memphis boys snapping it out in wild, eerie fashion. Exhilarating for dance. The Variety issue of February 08, 1923, p.37 ran another review: REVIEWS OF DISKS THAT DA DA STRAIN / ‘TAIN’T NOBODY’S BIZ-NESS IF I DO ANNA MEYERS AND ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE PATHE No. 20870 Another Mamie Smith and jazz hounds combination and equally as worthy as the Okeh coon-shouter. The “Da Da” is a seductive strain which requires no descriptive title to suggest its meaning. The cornet and clarinet figure snappily in pitching the vamp notes. The reverse is a typical indigo wail with some “blue” lyrics typified by one line “If I should go to church on Sunday – strut my stuff on Monday, ‘tain’t nobody’s biz-ness if I do.” Despite musicologist Dr. David Evans’ guess that ‘Anna Meyers’ was a pseudonym for Hazel Meyers,1531 a negro vaudeville blues singer, Ann Myers (April 21, 1900 – February 1972) was a white artist, who worked with the big Burlesque Theatre Circuits during the 1920s, and was often mentioned in the contemporary press. Due to space constraints, I’m holding back the information I’ve gathered on her, and also that on Leona Williams,

another singer who made records with the OM5. This hopefully will be published, along with more data on the OM5 which recently surfaced, in a future article here in VJM. Still another OM5 record review appeared in Variety, March 01, 1923, p.46: REVIEWS OF DISKS YANKEE DOODLE BLUES / STOP YOUR KIDDING LADD’S BLACK ACES GENNETT NO.4995 Ladd’s jazzers are building up a following of jazz dance specialists and are accordingly concentrating on that style of recording. “Yankee Doodle Blues” is sold with considerable patriotic paprika. “Stop Your Kidding” is a straight rag. Wilmington, DE, News Journal, April 02, 1923, p.09 IVY / AUNT HAGAR'S BLUES [PA 020900] The Original Memphis Five have scored another triumph this month with these two fox-trots, "Ivy" and "Aunt Hagar’s Blues". If the folks in your home like to dance you will be the popular person around the house the night you bring home this record. As the year 1922 drew to a close, the OM5 could be proud of their achievements: they had managed to become, along with the ODJB, the most important and popular jazz band in the hippest NYC ballrooms and one of the cornerstones of the Busoni Dance Empire. Despite the passage of the Cotillo Bill in April 1922, which outlawed all jazz and dancing on Broadway after midnight, the members of the band still managed to each earn more than $ 200 per week, and in addition this was supplanted by money the band received for their numerous recording sessions. To add to it all, the band was now beginning to exploit a new medium of the time: broadcasts. As far as I could trace, the OM5 gave their radio debut on January 09, 1923, 9:00 – 10:00 P.M., over station WEAF, NYC (400 meters): Latest popular dance music by the “Memphis Five”, well known phonograph recording artists, now playing at “The Balconades”, New York. Program: “Gee, Gee, Bu”, “Bees Knees”, “Stop Your Kidding”, “Great White Way Blues”, “I Got To Cool My Doggies Now”, “Chicago”, “Sister Kate”.429 On the next day, 8:00 – 10:00 P.M., the OM5 performed again at WEAF, also accompanying various singers, not all listed.432 Perhaps this was the occasion later recalled by Eva Taylor: she remembered broadcasting with the Memphis Five in the early 20’s on New York radio station WEAF. Eva said that although her voice sounded ‘white’ enough to be acceptable to the station’s listeners, studio executives took no chances: they set up a scrim curtain between her and the band as protection against any possible charges of racial ‘mixing’.791 Besides playing at the Balconades late in the evenings, the OM5 got into another ‘side-project’: they teamed up with the cabaret/vaudeville song act of Bert Rome [baritone] and Henry Dunn [tenor], with singer Dorothea Dawn, and performed at the Hamilton Theatre, NYC (Febr. 01 - 03, 1923) 433, and then at the Colonial Theatre, Broadway & 62nd St. (Febr.05-10).434 to 438, 1515

New York Clipper, February 07, 1923, p.11 VAUDEVILLE – HAMILTON [Theatre](LAST HALF) The Original Memphis Five, with Rome and Dunn and an unbilled woman, all combined in one act, closed the show. The act runs much too long and the last twelve minutes of it could be used for encores, for there was about a half hour of time to it in addition. The quintette is great, and the cornetist particularly one of the best. Rome and Dunn sing well, and the woman handles several numbers in “coon-shouter” style effectively.

New York Times, February 04, 1923, p.03

Broadway Brevities, October 1923, p.35

Variety, February 08, 1923, p.21

NEW ACTS THIS WEEK ROME and DUNN and ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE, with DOROTHEA DAWN SONGS AND MUSIC; 24 min; FULL STAGE; COLONIAL Bert Rome and Henry Dunn are a vaudeville song act appearing in a cabaret. The Original Memphis Five are jazz boys at another cabaret close by the Colonial [Busoni’s Balconades Ballroom]. Both turns are continuing in their cabaret dates, which may also apply to Dorothea Dawn, who has been in a Brooklyn restaurant. The combination was probably framed for appearance in the New York houses, but it can go much farther, if the principals care to leave town. It is a corking entertaining unit. Rome and Dunn look well and know how to handle their brand of songs, all duetted. The band is one of the “hottest” jazz bunch for five players heard hereabouts. Being known, both band and singer got a hand at the opening. The Memphis Five swung into action with the first act finale medley of the current “Music Box Revue”, it being “Pack Up Your Sins and Go to the Devil”, and an infectious tune. Rome and Dunn got started with a Dixie number with a high note finish that brought returns. The Five supplied a blues tune that brought Miss Dawn out for a warbling bit which sounded well enough but got nothing. The leads had a ballad duet and the girl another blues number before the Memphis boys opened up again. Someone called for “Sister Kate” and that was the band’s selection, it going over big. The cornetist had the only variation solo in the going, with his instrument plugged and then covered with a small megaphone. Rome and Dunn returned for a ragged idea of

“Maggie”. They went into “Chicago”, Miss Dawn joining. A dance bit just before the curtain kept time to the band’s wide open playing of the number. An encore was insisted on and was given by the band alone. The act’s running time was 20 minutes up to then, with four minutes added by the encore. The new combination ought to repeat its hit encore, with a change or so, in all the big houses. - Ibee. New York Clipper, February 07, 1923, p.09 VAUDEVILLE REVIEWS – COLONIAL … Rome and Dunn, the original Memphis Five and a girl named Dorothea Dawn have been combined into one big act by Billy Grady, which closed the first half here, leaving a wallop which carried into the second half of the show and kept the audience warmed up. … The combined offerings of Rome and Dunn, the Memphis Five and Dorothea Dawn ran for more than a half hour when we saw it last week at another house, and now has been effectively cut to about twenty-two minutes, not including an encore which the audience compelled them to take, although they closed the first half. The band is great, and the cornetist a marvel. They are evidently known to this audience, for they received a great reception, especially before rendering Sister Kate. Rome and Dunn have good voices and Miss Dawn does blues very effectively. Billboard, February 17, 1923, p.20 VAUDEVILLE NOTES The Memphis Five made quite a hit at the Colonial Theater, New York, with “Sister Kate” and “That Da Da Strain”. Apparently, this project of performing in addition to their steady cabaret and dance hall jobs was not practical in the long run, for both the singers and the band: Variety, February 15, 1923, p.05 BAND ACT BREAKS UP Rome and Dunn and The Memphis Five, the cabaret act, have separated as far as vaudeville is concerned and will resume their cabaret bookings. The act framed up for one week. The dissolution was on account of the amount of salary the act would require to continue in the two-a-day and leave cabarets. … [More than a year later, Dorothy Dawn was not reluctant to describe herself thus: Dorothy Dawn, jazz song manipulator, a former member of the Memphis Five (New York Morning Telegraph, April 01, 1924, p.05)] Nevertheless, it was probably this successful teaming up of the Original Memphis Five with singer Dorothy Dawn that induced the New York Recording Laboratories to produce a recording session of their popular blues singer Alberta Hunter, accompanied by the Original Memphis Five, for their Paramount label, in February 1923. In 1978, Alberta recalled: I remember the thick brown wax disc they recorded on and the wax shavings falling on the floor as I sang. The Memphis Five was white and could play.1591

Brooklyn Standard Union, April 06, 1923, p.14

While the OM5’s continued success at the Balconades Ballroom surely pleased proprietor Busoni, he nevertheless had to deal with some difficulties: Variety, March 15, 1923, p.33 Two of Sixte Busoni’s dance places in New York are being sued by local music publishers for copyright infringements for the unlicensed performance of copyrighted music without license. Busoni’s Danceland at 2531 Broadway is named defendant by the Remick firm. Feist is also suing the managers of Busoni’s Balconnades.

Photo from around 1920, before Busoni took over and re-decorated the room (Balconades Ballroom, early January ,1922)

Of course, the OM5 didn’t waste opportunities to perform at other occasions: Brooklyn Daily Star, April 07, 1923, p.12 The chorus girls of New York will hold a monster performance tomorrow night at the Casino Theatre for the benefit of Edna Rochelle, a former chorus girl who is ill [tuberculosis patient 1724] at Saranac Lake. The performance is for the purpose of obtaining funds which will enable Miss Rochelle to continue the treatments which she has been receiving at Saranac in the hope that she can be permanently cured and return to the stage. One of the most pretentious programs ever staged in New York will be presented and the entertainers will include more than forty stars and headliners of the dramatic, musical comedy and vaudeville stage. Among those who will appear are … Rome and Dunn, [and the] Memphis Five … Troy Times, Troy, N.Y., April 25, 1923, p.13 WHAT’S IN THE AIR TONIGHT WJZ, NEWARK, N.J. 8 to 11 p.m. – The Talking Machine Men, Inc., annual banquet in the grand ballroom of the Hotel Pennsylvania. Joe Hayman, better known as “Cohen on the Telephone”; Al Jolson, Dolly Kay, Pandy McKensie, Barbara Maurel, Marion Harris, William C. Kennedy, and Van and Schenck will entertain. Music by Paul Specht and his orchestra, Vincent Lopez orchestra, Memphis Five, Ted Lewis and his band, Georgians, Selvin's Boardwalk orchestra and Coleman’s Monte Marte [sic] Orchestra. Music Trade Review, April 28, 1923, p.25 BANQUET OF TALKING MACHINE MEN ANNUAL DINNER AND ENTERTAINMENT OF DEALER’S ORGANIZATION AT HOTEL PENNSYLVANIA ON WEDNESDAY EVENING [April 25] PROVES GREAT SUCCESS – MANY STARS IN MUSIC WORLD APPEAR An affair that promises to go down in trade history was the annual banquet of the Talking Machine men at the Hotel Pennsylvania [7th Ave. & 33rd St.], New York, on Wednesday evening of this week, when there was presented an aggregation of musical stars, both soloists and orchestras, that probably could not be assembled under any other

circumstances or at any other price. The banquet served to bring out the largest crowd on record, and not only was the floor of the large ballroom filled with tables, but it was necessary to provide tables on the balcony for a number of the late comers. It seemed as though everybody of prominence in the talking machine trade in New York and a number from distant points were present and the showing was a notable one. So lengthy was the prepared program that the entertainment began almost as soon as the diners were seated and continued right through the dinner and well into the morning hours. Through the courtesy of the various record manufacturers there appeared during the evening such notable artists as … the U.S.S. “Leviathan” Orchestra, Harry Stoddard’s Orchestra, the Memphis Five, the Georgians, Paul Specht’s Orchestra, and many others. … Billboard, May 12, 1923, p.22 So great was the success scored by the Original Memphis Five at the annual banquet of the Talking Machine Men, Inc., held last Wednesday at the Hotel Pennsylvania, New York, and at which Broadway’s greatest musical combination entertained, that Phil Napoleon, leader of this famous band, was asked by Sol Lazarus, chairman of the entertainment committee, to furnish the dance music exclusively for the next affair of that organization. The Memphis Five played “Shufflin’ Mose” and “Great White Way Blues”, their own compositions, published by Jack Mills, Inc.. (similar reports appeared in NY Clipper, May 02, 1923, p. 30, and in NY Morning Telegraph, May 06, 1923, p.06) Variety, May 30, 1923, p.04 SONGWRITER’S SHOW The Songwriter’s benefit at the Century [Theatre] Sunday evening [May 27] was a success. An almost capacity house saw a good show; the boys made money and had a lot of laughs. Not half the acts listed were able to go on because of the length of the program. …The show opened with Victor

Metronome Orchestra Monthly, May 1923, p.07 (from an advertisement of Jack Mills, Inc., music publisher)

Metronome Orchestra Monthly, June 1923, p.15 (from an advertisement of Jack Mills, Inc., music publisher)

Herbert leading the orchestra. Anatole Friedland followed with his act. Then came Pearl Regay, Memphis Five, Will Rogers, Newhoff and Phelps, Sizzle [sic] and Blake, with their “Shuffle Along” girls, Fradkin, Fay Marbe, Jimmy Hussey, scene from “Apple Blossoms” with Romberg at the piano, Bert Hanlon, Buck and Bubbles (colored boys), Frank Silver’s orchestra, Eva Clark, New York Giants, Al Jolson and the song writers. New York Clipper, May 30, 1923, p.18 SONGWRITERS’ BENEFIT SUCCESS The Century theatre was crowded to the doors on Sunday night and an enthusiastic audience remained seated until nearly twelve o’clock to witness the final act of the songwriters benefit. … Dance Review, March 1923, p.19 The song-writing fever has got those well-liked boys, Phil Napoleon and Frank Signorelli, who respectively are the wonder-cornetist and exceptional-pianist of the Original Memphis Five. Right this minute they have three low-down numbers with the Jack Mills house entitled “Great White Way Blues”, “Shufflin’ Mose” and the “Memphis Strut”. The fact that they’ve written them is SOME recommendation, buddy ! New York Clipper, May 16, 1923, p.18 JACK MILLS SAILS Jack Mills, head of Jack Mills, Inc., sailed for Europe Tuesday [May 15] on the S. S. Berengaria, and while in London will make his headquarters at the offices of the concern’s representative, the Laurence Wright Music Company. A large party of friends were at the pier to see the publisher off, including Gallagher and Shean, the Memphis Five Orchestra and others affiliated with the music business. Music Trade Review, Saturday, May 19, 1923, p.50 JACK MILLS TENDERED DINNER BEFORE EUROPEAN TRIP Jack Mills, of Jack Mills, Inc., sailed for London on Tuesday of this week. On Monday evening [May 14] a farewell dinner was tendered him by his many friends in the trade and his business associates at Keene’s Chop House, West Forty- fourth street, New York City. Music was furnished by the Original Memphis Five. … The Metronome Orchestra Monthly, June 1923, p.96 JACK MILLS OFF FOR EUROPE Amid the crash of cymbals and the mellow strains of Phil Napoleon’s effervescent cornet, Jack Mills, head of the House That Jack Built, sailed for Europe Tuesday morning on the S. S. Berengaria. More than a hundred friends and staff associates, wearing Gallagher and Shean red fezzes, waved everything from red bandannas to salary checks as the giant steamer went down the bay. Newspaper men, representatives of mechanical companies, well-known performers and the entire Mills organization attended a farewell dinner given to Jack on the eve of his departure at Keene’s Chop House. (also in the New York Morning Telegraph, May 20, 1923, p.06) The following five discs, recorded in February, March, and April 1923, during the OM5’s engagement at the Balconades Ballroom, were reviewed as follows: YOU TELL HER – I STUTTER / ‘WAY DOWN YONDER IN NEW ORLEANS THE COTTON PICKERS BRUNSWICK NO. 2404 “You Tell Her” (Billy Rose-Cliff Friend), primarily a lyric song, is a surprisingly infectious dance number, although Billy Jones makes his presence known with a vocal chorus of the number. Jones sings it in perfect dance rhythm, which means a novel acceleration of an ordinarily fast vocal tempo. The Cotton Pickers have made a striking arrangement of the number, sounding fresh and nascent in spots to contrast with the now familiar tune. These modern jazz

arrangers have a knack of almost re-writing a song they record! “New Orleans” (Creamer-Layton) is another survivor of a defunct colored show – “Strut, Miss Lizzie” – but worthily so. It starts as a slow, melodious jazz with a suggestion of Spanish tango in the patter chorus, but primarily given to warm saxo harmonies. [there is no saxophone present on these two tracks !!!] (Variety, May 30, 1923, p.27) SNAKES’ HIPS / I NEVER MISS THE SUNSHINE THE COTTON PICKERS BRUNSWICK No. 2418 Now that they’ve had “Cat’s Meow”, “Bees’ Knees” and “Apple Sauce” as song titles, “Snakes’ Hips” is as good a colloquialism to label a rag as anything and this is truly a corking blues. The Cotton Pickers sure pick it into all sorts of arrangements and spell it into a wicked toddle. “I Never Miss the Sunshine, I’m So Used to the Rain” is a more melodious blues, equally effective for dance. (Variety, June 28, 1923, p.44) Victor 19052 Victor dance numbers … Memphis Five includes neither saxophone nor banjo, nor violin. Cornet, trombone, traps, piano and clarinet, however, achieve some effects for which no apologies are due. “Who’s Sorry Now” might be sad were it not for a plethora of jazz. “Snakes Hips” on the reverse begins with some eccentric rhythm work, and then settles down to straight jazz. (Ogdensburg, NY, Republican Journal, June 02, 1923, p.07)

New York Times, May 23, 1923

Snakes Hips Fox Trot Dance once and again, then they howl "encore," when the Memphis Five cut loose with this number. Cornet, trombone, traps and piano are presided over by a screaming virago of clarinet in wild effects. Who's Sorry Now, a sensational fox-trot of country-wide popularity, is on the reverse. Price, 75c (Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, May 26, 1923, p.06) VICTOR RECORD ARTISTS: The Memphis Five play "Snake's Hips" in rollicking fashion (Pittsburgh, PA, Press, June 03, 1923, p.39) ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE Wild jazz music of the unusual type that makes you dance on and on and on. (Racine, WI, Journal News, May 23, 1923, p.06) DOWN BY THE RIVER / WHEN WILL THE SUN SHINE FOR ME THE COTTON PICKERS BRUNSWICK No. 2436 Fox Trots of the type that make you want to spring out on the floor with all the abandon of a circus clown. (Appleton, WI, Post Crescent, August 21, 1923, p.08) YOU’VE GOT TO SEE MAMMA EV’RY NIGHT - TENNESSEE TEN - VICTOR No. 19073 The Tennessee Ten is a new Victor combination … It sounds like a winner judging from this record, getting a lot of corking effects from the familiar “mamma” number. (New York Clipper, July 20, 1923, p.30) After playing their last night at the Balconades on June 17,451 the band took a well-earned two week’s rest from ballroom work, but continued to do recording sessions. On June 10, Jack Roth and Frank Signorelli were wedded to Margie Connolly and Jennie Egan, respectively 451, 452, 1486, 1592,

1594, 1789, 1792 (Conrad Kronengold, 26 years, living at 1662 54th St. had married Bernice Brown, 21 years, living at 1162 54th St., on June 19, 1922;799 Charles Panely had married Hazel Holland on January 17,1922.792).

Spokane, WA, Daily Chronicle, May 23, 1923, p.X03

SOMETHING TO “BLOW” ABOUT Charles Panely, who plays trombone for the Original Memphis Five, is the proud father of little Charles Anthony Panely, who arrived on Tuesday, February 20th [1923]. Charles, Jr., was seven pounds ten ounces on arrival, and his father has bright hopes of making him a successor for trombone honors, even though Charley, Sr., admits that at the present time he sounds more like clarinet. (Dance Review, March 1923, p.18) The conclusion of the Balconades job on June 17, 1923 marked the end of an era for the band: they would never again work for Sixte Busoni (the ODJB continued to perform at Busoni’s dance halls intermittently until late 1924, and Busoni died in May 1927, still owing the ODJB more than $ 2,000.00 793 [Busoni had declared bankruptcy in January 1926, with liabilities of more than $ 100,000.00]924 ). Before detailing the OM5’s upcoming summer job for the 1923 season, witness the following contemporary report: ORCHESTRAS FACING BIG CUT IN SALARIES FOR SUMMER WORK - BROADWAY RESORT MANAGERS THE FIRST TO ANNOUNCE THAT SALARIES ARE TO BE REDUCED - SUMMER HOTELS AND CAFES FOLLOW WITH BIG CUTS IN ALL Dance orchestras along Broadway and throughout the country have been thrown into something closely resembling a panic by the answers they are getting from resort proprietors when they go in search of summer booking. Prices all along the line are from two to five hundred dollars under what they were last season and the owners of several cabarets and dance halls along Broadway have expressed their intention not to renew contracts next season at the present high rates. The first steps in the reduction of prices

were taken last week and others will follow rapidly. For some time a shake-up in the orchestra situation along Broadway has been predicted. With the prohibition laws being comparatively strictly enforced and the added burden of the Lenten season, the majority of the larger resorts have been keeping open at a loss. The Salvins last week sounded the first note when they released Benny Selvin from his contract, despite the fact that the Boardwalk had been doing fair business. Selvin has a high-priced combination and it was this fact that led the Salvins to consider the change. Selvin refused to cut, feeling that he had established himself at a certain price and it would be better for him not to work at all than to recede from that figure. Orchestras in the other Salvin restaurants that are remaining open are taking cuts that range from ten to twenty dollars per man. Raymond, at the Palais Royal, is working for less than he originally contracted for and others of the orchestras, including Fosdick at the Little Club, and several others are taking cuts. The Club Royal will close shortly for the summer, as this depends almost entirely upon society patronage and the spring migration of the social set is now in progress. The Salvins are not the only ones that are cutting. Yerkes Metropolitan Players, furnishing the music at Shanley’s, reduced the size of the orchestra from ten to seven men rather than take a cut and other cabarets are working along the same lines. The panic is not confined to the

The Original Memphis Five, early 1923 (Elmira NY Star Gazette, July 10, 1925, p.05) L-R: Lytell/Signorelli/Napoleon/Panely/Roth) [this photo first appeared in the September 1923 issue of Metronome Band Monthly, p.86]

The Original Memphis Five, early 1923 (Variety, September 09, 1925, p.65) L-R: Napoleon/Signorelli/Panely/Lytell/Roth [photo taken before June 30, 1923]

cabarets. The larger dance halls, although making a profit, are reducing expenses. Hallett and Lanin will close at Roseland in a month or so and an unorganized combination of six or seven men will be put in for the summer months. This follows a policy previously employed by Roseland for the summer but rumors concerning next season’s policy are already rife. Bluebird, where Al Burt and the Indiana Syncopators hold forth, will probably close about May 1st, the building being remodeled for a monster dance hall to open in the fall. Burt’s contract expires on April 21 and the Syncopators leave on May 01. In Atlantic City the proprietors are as silent as oysters and answer all inquiries regarding their plans with grunts. They have refused to discuss terms until they get some advance indication of what business is going to be like. The Easter season has always been used by them as a criterion, and if the weather is fair over the coming Easter holiday they will be in a more amiable mood and may offer more than they had intended for good orchestras. One orchestra that worked in Atlantic City with great success last summer at $ 1,200 a week was offered $ 900 this year. The leader is now debating whether or not he should snap up the offer or take the chance of going without a job all summer. There are several combinations that signed contracts last summer for their re-engagement this year, and the leaders of these orchestras are now congratulating themselves on their foresight, inasmuch as in most cases the contract for this summer called for an advance over last year’s price. It is possible that some of these contracts will be broken. A peculiar feature of the situation is that in spite of the prices being offered there is no glut of orchestras on the market, good combinations at a reasonable price being scarce. Proprietors, who feel that they need a good orchestra to build up their business are finding it difficult to get what they want at a price they are willing to pay. Orchestras are, to a

Frank Signorelli and Phil Napoleon, c. 1923. Courtesy Ate van Delden.

large extent, replacing other forms of entertainment in the summer resorts, so that, in order to get business, a crackerjack orchestra is necessary. At the same time excessive cover charges kill business, the $ 1.50 and $ 2 covers that have been prevalent scaring off a good many sensible patrons that would otherwise not hesitate to come in. On the other hand the proprietors find it impossible to pay the cost of an orchestra at the prevailing rates without making a heavy charge. (New York Clipper, March 28, 1923, p.04) Dance hall business around New York has perceptibly dropped in the past few weeks.(Variety, June 07, 1923, p.31) TOO MANY DANCE ORCHESTRAS There are so many dance orchestras in the field at the present time that, according to one prominent orchestra leader, the time has come when it is a question of the survival of the fittest. There are more dance orchestras then there are jobs.1745 These were the conditions facing the OM5 when the New York Clipper of July 04, 1923, p.28 reported the news: LANIN AT CASINOPIER Sam Lanin opened on Saturday [June 30] at the Casino Pier, Wildwood, N. J. [located 40 miles south of Atlantic City], for the summer. Lanin is in charge of one orchestra and the Memphis Five is the other combination. The Casino Pier [a dance palace on the boardwalk] 1518was taken over by Lanin and his brothers this year with Sam Lanin in personal charge. The Delmarvia Star, Wilmington, DE, July 01, 1923, p.16: WILDWOOD, N. J. … Last night the Casino formally opened for the season. The beautiful dance hall is under the direction of the Lanin Brothers and their Radio Club. New York Clipper, July 20, 1923, p.04: MUSICIANS OPERATING PIER The Lanin Brothers have bought the Wildwood, N. J., pier, which they are currently operating. Joe and Sam Lanin are both orchestra leaders, the former at the Rosemont, Brooklyn, and Sam Lanin at the Roseland, New York. The Original Memphis Five is supplying the music. Three months earlier, the Clipper (issue of April 18, p.28) had provided some more background detail: LANIN BROS. INCORPORATE Sam Lanin, Joe Lanin and Howard Lanin, incorporated last week under the name of the Lanin Brothers, Inc., to furnish orchestras and operate dance halls throughout the east. The corporation has adopted the slogan, “Specialists in good dance music”, which will appear on all stationery. … Their first venture in the way of dance halls has been to take over the Casino Pier at Wildwood, N. J., for the summer. …

Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, August 13, 1923, p.02

Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, August 04, 1923, p.13

Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, August 10, 1923, p.02

New York Clipper, July 11, 1923, p.28 FIRE AT CASINO PIER The Casino Pier at Wildwood, N. J., which is being operated by the Lanin Brothers under the personal supervision of Sam Lanin, narrowly escaped burning last week [July 02 – 07] when a fire started in the Sweet Block at Schellenger avenue and the Boardwalk and was fanned towards the Pier by the high wind. The Sweet Block, which was destroyed at a loss of about $ 200,000 is owned by Mrs. Belle Sweet and comprises bathhouses, a steam plant and many stores and concessions with apartments above. Firemen from nearby towns helped extinguish the blaze and keep it from spreading to the Casino Pier and other nearby Buildings. Business at the Pier was not seriously interrupted and the Memphis Five and Howard Lanin’s seven piece orchestra were on hand the following evening to play for the dancing in this magnificent structure.

The Original Memphis Five, 1923. L-R: Frank Signorelli, p/Phil Napoleon, t/Jimmy Lytell, cl / Miff Mole, tb / Jack Roth, d. Courtesy of the late Bob Hilbert.

New York Sun and Globe, November 15, 1923, p.05

Pittsburgh Press, October 31, 1923, p.27

I haven’t found any more contemporary reports detailing the OM5’s appearance at the Lanin brothers’ Casino Ballroom, where they seem to have performed until at least late July, 1923. But a check of local Pennsylvania newspapers revealed four one-night-stands during a period of 10 days: 1923-08-04

Dallas, PA, Harvey’s Lake, Schwab’s Sunset Pavilion 1079 to 1081 / 1923-08-10 Pittston, PA, Valley View Park, dance held by the Fern Club 1082 to 1084 / 1923-08-11 Elmira, NY, Rorick’s Glen Park, Crystal Ballroom 1085 / 1923-08-13 Dallas, PA, Harvey’s

Lake, Oneonta Pavilion.1086 to 1091 This leads to the question how long-lived the Wildwood Pier, NJ, summer job actually was (the September 1923 issue of Metronome Orchestra Monthly reported, on its page 86: The Original Memphis Five, just in from Wildwood, N. J.), and if there were not quite some more one-night-engagements which the OM5 played that summer, and which have escaped my notice. New York Clipper, August 31, 1923, p.20 PENNSYLVANIA DANCE CRAZE The dance craze has hit the anthracite belt of Pennsylvania. Every kind of summer resort, park or lake has a dance pavilion. Let’s hear some contemporary reports about these one-night-stands: MEMPHIS FIVE TO PLAY AT THE LAKE … the Original Memphis “5” will appear at Schwab's Sunset Pavilion, Saturday night. [Aug. 04] This well known band has made many records which are now on sale in local music stores. It will be a treat to dancers and local musicians to hear the Memphis Five. They are coming here from the Wildwood-Pier in Southern Jersey, where they have been making a decided hit. (Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, August 01, 1923, p.09) Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times-Leader, August 02, 1923, p.02; also August 04, p.13 Everybody should hear this famous band. The snappiest syncopators in the country. If these boys don’t make you dance, see a doctor. Be here, and give your feet a treat.1087 to 1089 MEMPHIS FIVE AT ONEONTO TONIGHT When a real eighteen-karat jazz band serenades the atmosphere with one of those mean, moaning "blues", the old and young, the rheumatic and acrobatic, the peppy and petrified start to sharpen their pedals, oil up their stiffened joints and holler "Let s go”. Everybody steps to “blues" that are played by a band that knows how. The original Memphis Five know how, for this quintet of snappy musicians originated the "Blues" as played by modern syncopators. The Memphis Five will play at the Oneonta Pavilion tonight [Aug. 13] and anyone who has stepped to its Victor records in the family parlor will attest to the Memphis Five's ability to saturate one's anatomy with that shimmy shaking feeling. (Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, August 13,1923, p.09; also Wilkes-Barre, PA,Record, August 13, 1923, p.12) During this period of ten weeks or so, the band managed to do only three recording sessions, for Edison, Victor (as Tennessee Ten) and Plaza, due to the 150 miles distance involved. The New York Clipper, September 21, 1923, p.22, carried a short review of a “Tennessee Ten” (the OM5 plus one additional trumpet, two saxophones, banjo and tuba) record, made on June 26, 1923, just before the start of their summer job at Wildwood, N.J.: WAITIN’ FOR THE EVENING MAIL / ‘TAIN’T NOBODY’S BIZZ-NESS IF I DO TENNESSEE TEN VICTOR 19109 A hot blues dance couplet in the Tennessee Ten’s best indigo style which includes the usual array of wild clarineting, forte banjo picking of the “wicked” order and weird saxo modulations. With the second number is medleyed “Achin’ Hearted Blues”. Very satisfactory for dance. “Pickles”, recorded one month earlier for Columbia, was the subject of a short review which appeared on page 05 of the September 01, 1923 issue of the Wilmington, DE, News

Journal: The Original Memphis Five … with a spicy offering of Pickles. You will love these pickles, tartly flavored with a peach of trick piano, tended with saucy saxophones [!!!] and mixed with cornet and other favorite dance flavors. Like a regular blue Monday is this week’s edition by the Original Memphis Five. “I’ve Got A Song For Sale” is jazz blues re-distilled, with a regular Calamity Jane of a clarinet to start the screaming. “Tin Roof Blues” has some cornice-worker effects. (Bismarck, ND, Tribune, Nov. 03, 1923, p.06) "I've Got a Song for Sale" has true Memphian blues-swing and rhythm. The same is true of "Tin Roof Blues", begun by the piano like a blues-song accompaniment, then chorused by a boat-rocking ensemble. The records of the Memphis Five are unexcelled for the “high-jazz” quality demanded by many dancers – especially, it seems, the younger element. (Wilmington, DE, News Journal, November 15, 1923, p.03) BLUE ROSE / DO YO’ DOOTY DADDY THE COTTON PICKERS BRUNSWICK No. 2532 A mean bunch of jazzists, those Cotton Pickers! “Blue Rose” (Coleman-Herbert) is plenty “blue” while the “daddy” gets down to basic, barbaric indigo. The trumpet does some real “wicked” work and the piano tickling is unusual. (New York Clipper, March 06, 1924, p.17) SHUFFLIN’ MOSE / THE GREAT WHITE WAY BLUES ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE EDISON No. 51204 The Memphis Five, one of the most distinctive dance organizations in the United States, will be welcomed by Edisonites. The two dance-compelling numbers given here present the Memphis Five at their best. (Greenville, PA, Evening Record, November 09, 1923, p.12) An interesting report about factors that influenced the popularity of a working group’s records appeared in the New York Clipper, October 23, 1923, p.24: LOCALITY GOVERNS RECORD SALES IN CERTAIN DISTRICTS Although it has been demonstrated that the public buys the dance tune that is popular regardless of the maker of the record, a survey of dealers shows that recordings of the same tune by different orchestras will get a bigger play than others. Another point of interest is the question of locality. In New York different sections prefer different orchestras. In the Eighth avenue section Lanin records sell very well, a large part of the dancing population being familiar with Lanin’s work at Roseland and liking his style of playing. Whiteman and Specht, Miller and Lopez records go big pretty generally all over, Miller getting a big plug in New Jersey, due to his owning the Paradise dance hall in Newark. In Harlem a dealer who sells several makes of records pointed out that with his patrons records by the Memphis Five outsell Whiteman almost two to one. Bandleader Irwin Abrams had the following to say about the factors which determined the popularity and success of a band: IRWIN ABRAMS TELLS WHAT NEW YORK DANCERS WANT I have studied the wishes of the people who come to the ballroom to dance … After all, it is they who determine whether a band is a success or not. I find that about half of them favor the melodious dance, the sort of number which leans heavily on tune. The other half like the ‘hot’ arrangements. The same thing applies to tempo. We have a great number of young folks among our patrons, including a great many college boys. They all clamor for fast dancing tempos, in fact we can’t play too fast for them. Sometimes I think we are playing at a speed impossible for human feet to

keep up with, but I am quickly disillusioned when I look out on the floor and see these young dancers. They have a knack of splitting the time and dance at quite a leisurely pace. At the same time, the dancers who have not acquired this knack are getting winded trying to keep time with the band. What I have had to do is to try and keep the exponents of both these dancing styles satisfied; I mix up my programs so that each gets the sort of dance they want. I find that about half and half does the trick very nicely. (Metronome, August 15, 1925, p.74) On Friday, September 07, 1923, the OM5 took part in the following event: ELABORATE NEW OFFICES OPENED BY JACK MILLS, INC. Formal opening of the new home of Jack Mills, Inc., music publishers, in the Jack Mills Building, 148 West Forty-sixth street, New York City, took place on Friday, September 07, and was attended by several hundred well-known stage and talking machine artists, as well as mechanical reproduction representatives, music publishers, newspaper men, etc. … On the whole, the opening, at which such renowned musical organizations as Ben Selvin’s Orchestra and the Original Memphis Five furnished the music, proved … most auspicious. … (Music Trade Review, September 15, 1923, p.57; similar reports in Jacobs’ Band Monthly, October 1923, p.21/22, and in Billboard, September 15, 1923, p.22) On Thursday, September 13, 1923, a week before its official opening for the fall season, the Rosemont ballroom in Brooklyn staged a benefit gala: Musical comedy and vaudeville stars will donate their services at Rosemont in Brooklyn to-morrow night when the entire proceeds are to be given by the management to the Japanese Relief Fund. I. J. Faggen, managing director of Rosemont, has arranged a gala programme, and all receipts will be immediately turned over to the Red Cross. … The Memphis Five and Milt Merrill and his orchestra will furnish the music for the evening.456 Then, on September 20, 1923, the Memphis Five opened at the Rosemont Ballroom, Fulton St. & Flatbush Ave., Brooklyn 457, 458, 459, 902, where it would perform continuously for the next eight months, until May 17, 1924.460 to 493, 508, 903, 1816 to 1865 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 23, 1923, p.B 03 AT THE ROSEMONT Paul Whiteman, Vincent Lopez and Ray Miller alternated as guest orchestra leaders at the fall opening of Rosemont in Brooklyn last Thursday night [Sept. 20]. The Colony Club Orchestra, led by the three leaders, alternated with the Memphis Five from Broadway. Stage and screen

NY Daily News, Sept. 12, 1923, p.20 NY Daily News, Sept. 17, 1923, p.21

stars were also present …

Brooklyn Standard Union, September 26, 1923, p.03 CLOWN NIGHT AT THE ROSEMONT Each Thursday night has been set aside at the Rosemont in Brooklyn as “Clown Night”, with a number of musical comedy and vaudeville stars scheduled to appear. I. J. Faggen, managing director of the Rosemont, announces that only the best talent from the Manhattan theatres will appear, with every promise that each programme will be replete with novelties. An exceptional and regular feature of the Rosemont is the Original Memphis Five, a musical aggregation direct from Broadway. This group of artists plays each evening, introducing a unique programme of music. The Rosemont was managed by I. Jay Faggen, “one of the greatest salesmen I ever knew, and one of the sportiest dudes you ever saw. He would make a thousand dollars a day and spend fifteen hundred the next ”, as reed-player and showman Fess Williams recalled.796 Sources differ from each other whether the Rosemont was,797 or was not 796 owned by Louis J. Brecker, the proprietor of the famous Roseland Ballroom. The New York Clipper, December 14, 1923, p.25 carried a review of one of the OM5’s evening performances there: BAND AND ORCHESTRA REVIEWS THE ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE ROSEMONT, BROOKLYN, N.Y. This jazz combination holds the unique distinction of having done recording work for every disk record manufacturer in the business. Organized in 1917, the quintet has remained intact under Phil Napoleon’s direction all these years, growing with the jazz dance craze until now. It is an ace “blues” recording combination for companies from the Victor down. At the Rosemont in Brooklyn, N. Y., the most pretentious ballroom in the borough across the bridge, the Memphis Five is the prime dance feature. They have played vaudeville, cabaret, dance hall and every indoor amusement place up to now. In the dance place they dish up a variety of Indigo numbers that is best gauged in effect by the fact they draw the crowds on to the floor, more so than the alternating combination [Jules Berkin and his 11-piece orchestra 1544] which features the smoother sort of dance music. If ever there was an instance demonstrating that they prefer the barbaric jazz to symphonic syncopation, it is no more aptly illustrated than here. Napoleon, who plays the trumpet, really is the nucleus of the band, with his sizzling modulations. Frank Signorelli is the pianist; James Lytell, a wicked clarinetist; Charles Pavely [sic], trombonist, and Jack Roth, drums. They feature rhythm music and that seems to be the thing with the Brooklynites. - Abel [Green] NY Daily News, February 17, 1924, p.08B / *Febr. 24, p.06B Thursday night [Febr.21] at Rosemont will be Clown Night. Special Broadway entertainers are scheduled to make the event a success. Rosemont’s two famous orchestras, the Original Memphis Five and Jules Berkin’s Players, as usual will jazz it up for dancing guests. * [They] are making Thursday night the night of nights at Rosemont. NY Clipper, April 10, 1924, p.14 WEEKLY COMMENT by Abel [Green] WRITERS WHO PROTECT THEMSELVES Frank Signorelli and Phil Napoleon of the Original Memphis Five are two composer-bandmen who get all that’s coming to them in “mechanical” royalities. Everything they write they record for the different companies, and when they doubt a publisher’s royality statement, they have access to the phonograph company’s books for verification.

NY Daily News, Sept. 25, 1923, p.06 NY Daily News, Oct. 16, 1923, p.24

NY Daily News, October 29, 1923, p.24

NY Daily News, Nov. 15, 1923, p.28 NY Daily News, Dec. 19, 1923, p.27

NY Daily News, Dec. 22, 1923, p.28 NY Daily News, Dec. 26, 1923, p.23

NY Daily News, Dec. 28, 1923, p.23 NY Daily News, Jan. 14, 1924, p.24

NY Daily News, January 13, 1924, p.14 B

NY Daily News, Jan. 16, 1924, p.21 NY Daily News, Febr. 12, 1924, p.19

NY Daily News, January 21, 1924, p.24

NY Daily News, Jan. 15, 1924, p.12 NY Daily News, Febr. 14, 1924, p.27

NY Daily News, May 13, 1924, p.20 NY Daily News, May 22, 1924, p.25

NY Daily News, May 27, 1924, p.30

NY Daily News, June 28, 1924, p.20 NY Daily News, July 03, 1924, p.16

NY Daily News, July 13, 1924, p.39 NY Daily News, Sept. 14, 1924, p.46

New York Clipper, December 28, 1923, p.37

The Original Memphis Five, c. 1924. Courtesy Ate van Delden L-R: Roth / Mole / Lytell / Napoleon /Signorelli

We are afforded the luxury of several contemporary reviews (in addition to those already cited above) of discs which were recorded during the band’s stay at the Brooklyn Rosemont: New York Clipper, November 09, 1923, p.22 REVIEWS OF DISK RECORDS by Abel [Green] THE JELLY ROLL BLUES & A BUNCH OF BLUES ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE EDISON No. 51246 Plenty of indigo dance strains and snappily delivered by the Memphis quintet. The “Jelly Roll Blues” is an old “blues” classic revived for the current dance craze for this rhythmic type of unmelodious music. The other, a drag fox trot, is equally danceable. New York Clipper, December 14, 1923, p.22 REVIEWS OF DISK RECORDS by Abel [Green] LAST NIGHT ON THE BACK PORCH / WALK, JENNY, WALK MEMPHIS FIVE COLUMBIA 7-D Melody is totally submerged in favor of rhythm. The barbaric staccato of the Memphis quintet must be finding ample response, because their records are really selling. It is just a marathon of accentuated dance beats and quite “kicky”, in which the cornet and banjo are most prominent. Billy Jones is also present with a vocal chorus. And on the same page: MAMA GOES WHERE PAPA GOES / WALK, JENNY, WALK COTTON PICKERS BRUNSWICK 2490 The Cotton Pickers have been absent from the Brunswick ranks for several months, but they seem to have saved all their stuff for one grand flash. And how they flash! In brief, if every disk combination that threatens to grow stale through prolific recording can make as brilliant a come-back as the Cotton Pickers, some should by all means lay off for some time. The orchestra has picked a pair of peppy fox trots to begin with and their versions thereof are syncopated classics.

New York Clipper, February 08, 1924, p.16 DISK REVIEWS by Abel [Green] SHE WOULDN’T DO WHAT I ASKED HER TO / MORE ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE COLUMBIA 37-D A brace of “hot” dance tunes played in the Memphis Five’s most torrid manner. This quintet is the last word in the line of jazz record-makers, giving full play to the trumpet, clarinet, etc.. “She Wouldn’t Do” has an incidental chorus by Billy Jones, as has “More”. New York Clipper, February 29, 1924, p.16 DISK REVIEWS by Abel JUST HOT / SHUFFLIN’ MOSE THE COTTON PICKERS BRUNSWICK 2507 Just Hot ( Signorelli-Napolean-McHugh-Smith ) is nothing else but, as a dance number. lt is beaucoup torrid as composed and more so as The Cotton Pickers have interpreted it. Frank Signorelli and Phil Napolean are the conductors of the Original Memphis Five, the dance feature at the Rosemont dance hall, Brooklyn, N. Y., where they have plenty of opportunity to study the dancers’ likes in rhythmic blues. It is therefore only natural this should be a perfect dance number. They are also the writers of Shufflin’ Mose with Lottman and Smith as collaborators. Both are published by Jack Mills and since Jimmy McHugh is professional manager for Mills that accounts for his being in on the first. Lottman is somebody connected with the advertising department of the firm, and that explains his being cowriter of the other. Both tunes are distinguished by trumpet and clarinet flash stuff. New York Clipper, March 13, 1924, p.17 DISK REVIEWS by Abel ST. LOUIS GAL / SHUFFLIN’ MOSE THE ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE COLUMBIA 50-D Here’s a “low down” blues coupling of the meanest order and perfect for the Original Memphis Five’s jazz attack. There is plenty of indigo contributed by the clarinet and the cornet, with the saxes [!!!] also outstanding. These are lazy toddles making for nice and easy dancing. “St. Louis Gal” (Robinson) cannot miss out. “Shufflin’ Mose (Frank Signorelli, Phil Napoleon) is the Memphis Five’s own composition by the pianist-leader and cornetist of the band. Anaconda, MT, Standard, March 20, 1924, p.09 RELEASED TODAY. HEAR IT. THE ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE. Those dancers whose feet simply won’t keep still when they hear the slightest suspicion of a blues tune will find a sky full of indigo enjoyment in these two low-down blues by the Original Memphis Five - “St. Louis Gal” and “Shufflin’ Mose”. They might be called physiological fox trots. They make the body hitch, the knees twitch and the feet itch to be up and doing. Each is a succession of climaxes, in which the clarinet shrills challengingly to the cornet, the cornet cackles to the saxophone [!!!], and the saxophone [!!!] retorts with a hoarse vibrant rumble like some jungle animal growling in its sleep. Each number is slow and easy-going – good for those who like to take their dancing easy. New York Clipper, April 17, 1924, p.18 WHY SHOULD I WEEP ABOUT ONE SWEETIE / SINCE MA IS PLAYING MAN JONG ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE COLUMBIA No . 74-D For a change, Frank Signorelli and Phil Napolean’s Original Memphis Five are doing outside numbers; i. e., compositions they did not themselves author. These young band leaders enjoy the unique reputation of writing and recording their

New York Clipper, February 22, 1924, p.12

Variety, October 01, 1924, p.71

Variety, May 07, 1924, p.29

Variety, December 31, 1924, p.55

own songs as a rule. They dish up their usual brand of weird jazz pyrotechnics with this couplet. In “Sweetie” (Hanley), the brass, piano and saxos [!!!] stand up and out. “Mah Jong” (Rose-Conrad), is appropriately dressed up with the Oriental trimmings. The cornet and piano particularly scintillate. Billy Jones is also present with an incidental chorus. Just how influential the style of the OM5’s music was to that of other bands, and to the perception of the new music by the general public, is demonstrated by music critic Abel Green’s review of a record by another band, the Georgians (Columbia 11-D), where he states: This is another of those Memphis Five combinations featuring rhythmic dance music.1763 During their continuous eight months stay at the Rosemont in Brooklyn, the OM5 performed at several extra occasions: Brooklyn Standard Union, September 30, 1923, p.14: Prospect Hall is to be the scene of the first annual ball of the Edward T. O’Loughlin Association. The affair is to be held to-morrow night [Oct. 01] and indications point to one of the biggest gatherings the South Brooklyn hall has ever held. It’s expected that at least 6,000 persons will attend. … Five halls are to be pressed into service and five bands will discourse dance music. They include the Memphis Five, Crescent Melody Five, John J. Nolan’s Orchestra, New Orleans Jazz Band and McGarry’s orchestra. … Most of the city and borough officials have promised to attend … New York Clipper, November 09, 1923, p.23 PLENTY MUSIC AT BALL The annual ball of the Talking Machine Men, Inc., of New York, New Jersey and Connecticut at the Hotel Pennsylvania, New York, on Nov . 21, will have the following recording orchestras present: All Star Trio, Ben Selvin, Benny Krueger, Ben Bernie, Brooke Johns, Carl Fenton, California Ramblers, The Columbians, The Collegians, Coleman, Charles Dornberger, Dixieland Jazz Band, Elkeles Club Deauville orchestra, Great White Way band, Gene Rodemich, Joseph C. Smith, Memphis Five, Paul Whiteman, Paul Specht, Ray Miller, S. S Leviathan, Ted Lewis, Tennessee Ten, The Virginians, Vincent Lopez, Yerkes S. S. Flotilla, Zez Confrey. (similar report in NY Morning Telegraph, November 04, 1923, p.05) The following event represents a very rare case that the OM5 featured a star guest musician at a live engagement, apparently to help promote their Brunswick records: COLLEGIATE DANCE TAKES PLACE IN NEW YORK SOON The entire eighth floor of the Hotel Astor including the Presidential ballroom has been secured by those in charge for the Intercollegiate Dance to be held in New York December 28. Capacity is 1800. The “Cotton Pickers”, including the “Memphis Five” and “Benny” Krueger, will vie with “Wes” Thomas’ orchestra, supplemented by several members of the “Collegians”, for the musical honors of the evening. The music will be continuous from 9 o’clock in the evening until 3 o’clock the next morning. “Benny” Krueger, perhaps the greatest saxophone player in the country, will be the stellar performer.872 Utica NY Observer Dispatch, March 08, 1924, p.09 NEW YORK COLLEGE PROFESSOR TALKS AT MEETING HERE “Industrial Optimism” was the subject of the talk given by William B. Guthrie, professor of government at the College of the City of New York, before the final lecture and banquet for industrial foremen, held in the Utica Gas & Electric auditorium last night. The lecture concludes the training course which has been put on under the auspices of the

Mohawk Valley Engineers’ Club. About 300 were present. … Thirty-two firms were represented at the banquet. Liberty Lodge Quartet sang and music was furnished by the Memphis Five. … The following press blurb appeared in the New York Clipper, March 20, 1924, p.13, probably written and sent in by Frank Signorelli: Frank Signorelli and Phil Napoleon, pianist-conductor and cornetist respectively of the Original Memphis Five. The band was the hit of the C. & C. Blow-out at the Friars’ Saturday night [March 15], in honor of “Saturday Night” Eddie O’Brien. Otherwise still going strong at the Rosemont, Brooklyn, N. Y., with the genial I. Jay Faggen as the guiding mentor and business manager. Extensive recording dates with practically every disc company also contribute to a happy existence. During this Rosemont period, the OM5 also resumed radio work, and I was able to trace the following instances: WHN, NYC (360 meters): 1923-11-08, 11:15 P.M. - 12:00495 / 1923-11-21 498 WJZ, NYC (455 meters): 1924-01-14, 04:00 P.M.499 / 1924-01-16, 04:00-04:30 P.M.500,

501 / 1924-01-22, 04:45-05:15 P.M.502 / 1924-01-29, 05:00-05:30 P.M.503 / 1924-03-07, 07:05-07:30 P.M.504, 505 / 1924-03-21, 07:00-07:30 P.M.506, 507 The November 21, 1923 broadcast was reviewed: …the Original Memphis Five was in the air… It is of the best heard through the ether, and their stuff got over with full effect.798 Some obligatory press blurbs also appeared in the papers during this time:

New York Clipper, February 08, 1924, p.18 CONN’S BAND WAGON The Conn Band Instrument Co. has instituted a novel form of itinerant exploitation in the form of a vividly painted red “Conn Band Wagon”, which is used for haulage in New York City. On either side of the wagon is printed that Arthur Lange and the Original Memphis Five both feature Conn instruments. New York Clipper, April 03, 1924, p.15 THE ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE This superb aggregation of “hot” jazzists will disport themselves “by the sea, by the sea, by the beautiful sea” these summer months, as the dance music attraction at the new Rosemont Ballroom, on the Boardwalk, Coney Island. I. Jay Faggen, their manager, will close down the Rosemont, Brooklyn, N. Y., which is their present abode, for the summer season, and look after their business welfare during the hot spell. The phonograph companies will probably demand the Original Memphis Five’s occasional visits to town for recording dates. Also, Frank Signorelli and Phil Napoleon, the leaders of the band, will have at least one chance to visit Broadway with a body-guard to collect the royalties from Irving Berlin, Inc., on their sensational novelty dance hit, “Sioux City Sue”. New York Clipper, April 17, 1924, p.15 FRANK SIGNORELLI AND PHIL NAPOLEON The pianist-conductor and the torrid trumpeter and co-leader of the Original Memphis Five, the prime dance attraction at the Rosemont, Brooklyn, N.Y., are … talking their summer season’s plans over. That takes in a lot of territory. The boys seem serious about something, and the deduction is that with their one-piece Kellermanns about to be removed from the mothballs in view of the “sweet” Coney Island booking this summer, their chief worry is going to be the morning trips into Main street and “tin pan alley” to place new songs or to sign contracts for new recording dates. The summer address

will be at the new Rosemont ballroom on the Boardwalk, which I. Jay Faggen will manage. New York Clipper, May 01, 1924, p.16 ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE This beaucoup torrid phonograph recording orchestra [is] in the throes of going through the motions of strenuous rehearsals in preparation for their forthcoming debut at the new Rosemont ballroom on the Boardwalk, Coney Island. The Memphisites will open their summer season shortly. Meantime they are still at the Rosemont, Brooklyn, N. Y., under the genial I. Jay Faggen’s management. Frank Signorelli and Phil Napoleon, in between playing nights and recording mornings, still find time to write some new “blues” ditties. Particularly watch for “Sioux City Sue”. Irving Berlin, Inc., is the Lucky Publisher. This seems a good place to give a brief overview of the career of former OM5 member Johnny Costello: some months after the OM5 disbanded in late March 1921, at the end of their engagement at the Claridge Cabaret in Montreal, Canada, Costello was playing with “The Tempters Of Dance” [Bert Reynolds, c / Nick Tarquinio, tb / Johnny Costello, cl / George Webb, p / Harry Condon, d] at the Albermarle Dance Palace, Flatbush Avenue & Albermarle Road, Brooklyn, in November – December 1921;1786 with the “Original Indiana Five” in 1922; with “Louis Maesto’s St. Louis Five” in 1923

1764 [this group was re-named “St. Louis Rhythm Kings in April 1924” 1765]; with “Roy Johnston’s Dixie Devils” [Roy Johnston, t / Vincent Grande, tb / Johnny Costello, cl & sax / Gerald Finney, p / Ken Whitmere, d], from October, 1923 until February 1924;797 with “Johnny Johnson’s Band” from February 1924 onwards;1764 and then in December 1924, Costello joined the new “Ben Bernie Ciro, New York, Orchestra”.1753 As the spring season drew to a close, Coney Island in the summer of 1924 was still the Mecca for NYC’s jazz musicians – new venues were opened there every year: New York Clipper, May 08, 1924, p.18 FAGGEN’S CONEY PLACE I. Jay Faggen’s new Rosemont ballroom, Coney Island, opens May 22. It is on the Boardwalk and will have the original Memphis Five and Jules Berkin’s orchestra as the dance features. The Rosemont, Brooklyn, N.Y., will be closed four days preceding the Coney Island opening. [see also advertisements on page 16 of this article] The OM5 played at the new Coney Rosemont the whole summer season, for four months, their last night there being September 24, 1924.508 to 523 No reviews of their performance there during that summer survive – in their stead, a short contemporary record review must suffice: Variety, August 20, 1924, p.37 DISK REVIEWS IT AIN’T GONNA RAIN NO MO’ / RED HOT MAMMA MEMPHIS FIVE COLUMBIA NO.155-D The popular doggerel, “It Ain’t Gonna Rain” (Forster), Wendell Hall’s sensational radio song hit, despite its brief chorus, steers clear of the danger of becoming monotonous through the Memphisites’ clever jazz variations. They play it plenty “hot”, with the “wow-wow” trumpet and piano (Phil Napoleon and Frank Signorelli, respectively) standing out. “Red Hot Mamma” (Wells, Cooper and Rose), is a corking jazz number. The clarinet and trumpet are not the least important in the torrid delivery. Other jazz bands playing the 1924 summer season at Coney Island included the ODJB, which opened at the Danceland, Surf Ave. & 20th St., on May 10, 1924;800 the Original Georgia Five, who opened May 17, 1924 at the new

Cameo Dance Palace, Surf & Stillwell Avenues, at the rear of the old Henderson Music Hall, and alternated at that venue first with Mike Mosiello’s Cameo Dance Orchestra (May 17 – c. July 06),801, 1768 and thereafter with Bobby Orr’s Cameo Orchestra, a six-piece combination;801, 802 Vincent Sigler and his Jazzing Six (Vincent Sigler–Phillip Rameriz–Justo Marreto–George Kiko–Eddie Day–Jess Williams), who were playing at Steeplechase Park;1520 Duke Yellman and his 11-piece orchestra, who opened at Feltman’s Maple Garden on May 17, 1924;1545, 1546 and Saxey Holtsworth’s Band who began an engagement in late May at the newly remodeled Ravenhall’s (which featured a large open air dance floor with a rubber floor).1769 Furthermore, there was Ben Bernie and his Band, who started May 17 at Hotel Shelburne, on nearby Brighton Beach,1589, 1590, 1767 and played there until July 20,1744 to be replaced thereafter by Mel Craig’s Band.1744

While still playing their summer job at the Rosemont, Coney Island, the OM5 got into another ‘side-project’: they teamed up with the vaudeville dancing act of Tom Bryan and Lillian Fairchild, and performed with them at Keith’s Greenpoint Theatre, Brooklyn (Sept.04-07, 1924),525, 526, 1521 followed by a week at Keith’s Rivers Theatre, Brooklyn (Sept. 08-14)530, and finally another week at Moss’ Broadway Theatre (Sept. 15-21).528, 529, 531, 532, 1522 to 1524, 1536, 1599, 1600 The Billboard issue of September 20, 1924, p.20 reported: MEMPHIS FIVE IN VAUDE. The Memphis Five … have been booked to play Moss’ Broadway Theater this week … The quintet … has been hailed as the “hottest” band on any circuit, with sure-fire show stopping qualities. And the Brooklyn Daily Star, September 13, 1924, p.14 read: B. S. MOSS … BROADWAY THEATER A highly diverting well-balanced program of B. F. Keith vaudeville favorites will … be presented. … the Memphis Five, a new musical organization [!!!] who will present new ideas in syncopation … Five reviews of the act’s performances survive: Variety, September 17, 1924, p.44 ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE and BRYAN and FAIRCHILD BAND AND DANCE TEAM 11 Mins.: FULL STAGE (SPECIAL) KEITH’S RIVERS, BROOKLYN, N. Y. The Original Memphis Five are a famous jazz organization, supreme in their particular field of “hot” dance music delivery. They are well known through their dance orchestra work and on the records, recording for practically every company in the business. The dance team, which completes the act, is Tom Bryan (Bryan and Broderick) and Lillian Fairchild. Their terps are naturally all done to the Memphis Five’s accompaniment. The routine is fast and snappy, an alternation of musical and dance specialties. The band opens with a “hot” number followed by Bryan and Fairchild with a dance. The team’s second number is an Oriental motif leading into a tango. For this Miss Fairchild wears abbreviated costume of rhinestone breastplates and frugal nether covering. The accompaniment is naturally excellent, accentuating the motif rhythms smartly. The band does another specialty, a medley of pop tunes, featuring the trumpet, which fetched individual applause, but choked it off until conclusion of the rendition. The dance team closes with an acrobatic fox trot number. The Memphis Five band is led by Frank Signorelli, pianist, and Phil Napoleon, trumpet. It’s a smart frame-up and should be a relief from the straight orchestra combinations. That the bookers, however, are still strong for the band featuring is attested by the front of the house billing at the Rivers, the last half of which only had the

Memphis Five’s name carded, sans the accompanying dance team. - Abel Variety, September 17, 1924, p.45 VAUDEVILLE REVIEWS BROADWAY [Theatre] A slow start, working up to the Original Memphis Five, who stopped everything cold, and Francisco Pantilon, strong man, closing, maps the progress of Monday night’s events. The five-piece combination tore the gallery apart with their hot renditions to the point where the house almost entirely passed up Brian and Fairchild, the dancing team under whose name the band is included. The boys get plenty warm during their soloing and are responsible for one of those slow-drag numbers that is just downright “vulgar”. Forced before the drop for a collective bow, the quintet might pass up the indifferent attitude, for it amounts to cold water on an otherwise pleasant interlude. Billboard, September 20, 1924, p.14 B. S. MOSS’ BROADWAY [Theatre], NEW YORK - REVIEWED MONDAY MATINEE, SEPTEMBER 15 Tom Bryan and Lillian Fairchild, reinforced by the “Original Memphis Five”, were assigned to close the opening show. Perhaps that was why they failed to score the whooping response they deserved. A pair of finished ballet and acrobatic dancers and a spicy jazz combination, each player a master of his instrument. Sheer talent, no monkeyshines. Again, perhaps that is why they failed to get an extra curtain at this performance. Billboard, September 27, 1924, p.21 BRYAN AND FAIRCHILD WITH THE “ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE” - REVIEWED MONDAY AFTERNOON, SEPTEMBER 15, AT B. S. MOSS’ BROADWAY THEATER, NEW YORK - STYLE: DANCING AND JAZZ BAND - SETTING: SPECIAL, IN FULL - TIME: 15 MINUTES A condensed jazz combination widely renowned as a dance orchestra and for its phonograph recordings, the “Original Memphis Five” packs a smelter furnace of “hot” tunes and sprinkling of diverting novelties, none of which is made sloppy with stupid monkeyshines. Each member of this superb quintet coddles his instrument with the deft, sure touch of mastery. Be it an oriental motif, fox-trot or blues, these lads deliver their goods with a tang of finished smartness. Tom Bryan and Lillian Fairchild interstice the band’s repertoire with a varied dancing program of high worth. They open with a vigorous whirligig, return for a graceful glidery with an undercurrent of Oriental tunes and then slip into a provocative tango. For the latter two bits Miss Fairchild totes merely a pair of rhinestone breastplates and a hip coverteur. The pair closes its allotment of the turn’s routine with a speedy acrobatic fox-trotery. The five musical lads and the dancing team make a fine tieup, but for some reason the combination failed to stir up the least gust of enthusiasm at the Broadway’s opening performance. B. B. New York Morning Telegraph, September 17, 1924, p.05 BROADWAY [Theatre] Tom Bryan and Lillian Fairchild are dazzling dancers whose accompanying band, the Memphis Five, offers admirable music on their own account while the couple are making changes of costume. The two start in costumes that are a combination of modern Latin quarter and the royal splendor of knights and ladies of old, except that Miss Fairchild is always open in display of her physical charms. Their second dance runs to the athletic with the helpful lack of too much clothing. At the finish Mr. Bryan puts on a few clothes and Miss Fairchild refrains from taking off any more.

New York Daily News, September 25, 1924, p.24

NY Daily News, Sept. 22, 1924, p.23 NY Daily News, Oct. 10, 1924, p.25

New York Daily News, October 30, 1924, p.30

Because of their appearance with this vaudeville act at these three theatres, it was not always possible for the OM5 to start their Rosemont, Coney Island job in time, so another arrangement had to be made: Variety, September 10, 1924, p.40: The Rosemont, Brooklyn, opened formally for the new season on Sept. 4 with Jules Berkin and a new orchestra of nine, and the St. Louis Rhythm Kings, a “hot” quintet, as the dance features. The Original Memphis Five will remain at the Rosemont, Coney Island, until Sept. 25, when they return to the Brooklyn

NY Daily News, Dec. 17, 1924, p.29 NY Daily News, Dec. 24, 1924, p.26

NY Daily News, Dec. 30, 1924, p.17 NY Daily News, Dec. 31, 1924, p.22

NY Daily News, January 03, 1925, p.17 NY Daily News, Jan. 06, 1925, p.21

Rosemont. The Memphis Five is also touring with Bryan and Fairchild in vaudeville, which will necessitate the St. Louis Rhythm Kings substituting part time evenings during the Memphis band’s absence for its vaudeville show. The booking was arranged so that the doubling becomes practical. The strain of playing two engagements a day apparently soon got too much for the band, and Variety, September 24,

1924, p.26-B reported: On Thursday [Sept.25, 1924] evening the Original Memphis Five will be welcomed back to the Rosemont ballroom, Brooklyn, N. Y. The Memphisites under Frank Signorelli and Phil Napoleon’s direction are Rosemont favorites. They have decided to abandon their vaudeville tour with Brian and Fairchild, because of the impracticability of making connections with the New York vaudeville stands. Back for the fall season in Brooklyn at the Rosemont, Flatbush Ave. & Fulton St., and first playing opposite Jules Berkin’s Orchestra until October 25, 1924,1525, 1749 then opposite the Vernon-Owen Orchestra of Cleveland (until c. Nov. 15 1882 to 1885), and finally Sammy Kahn’s Orchestra,1896 the OM5 performed there continuously for 4 ½ months, until February 11, 1925. The band’s salary was $ 1,200.00 per week 549, a very high figure for the times, and especially for a five-piece aggregation. Aside from the leaders the musicians in the jazz bands are getting big money. They have to work to earn it, but they get it. Two to three hundred dollars a week for an exceptionally good jazz musician is not exceptional. (Boston Post, October 15, 1924, reprinted in Variety, November 19, 1924, p.47) To put this figure into perspective, one has to remember that during the year of 1923, there was a total attendance of 6,113,694 paid admissions to the 238 licensed dance halls in Greater New York.1748 One Brooklyn enthusiast remembered that he and his wife “did the shimmy from Flatbush to Greenpoint”.1601 New York Daily News, November 30, 1924, p.18 B ROSEMONT The Original Memphis Five, tantalizers of thousands of twinkling feet at the Rosemont dance hall, Fulton and Flatbush aves, claim the distinction of being the only orchestra in the country recording for every phonograph company. This aggregation of jazz interpreters is also one of Brooklyn’s best proofs that jazz is not dying out. Brooklyn Daily Eagle, November 30, 1924, p.68: THE MEMPHIS FIVE “The Original Memphis Five” are still providing music at the Rosemont Ballroom in Brooklyn. They claim the distinction of being the only orchestra recording for every phonograph company in the business. New York Morning Telegraph, November 30, 1924, p.10: Thanksgiving eve was a memorable time for Niblo and Spencer, featured stars of “Step On It”, and the Rosemont dance hall in Brooklyn was the rendezvous for an exciting time and event when George and Helen, upon the invitation of Philip Napoleon, owner of the Memphis Five band, had the honor of selecting twenty-five of the best costumed among the dancers, to receive that many prizes at a masquerade carnival held at that resort. Again, in absence of further reviews of the band’s evening performances at the ballroom, here are some record reviews: Variety, November 05, 1924, p.38: DISK REVIEWS by Abel [Green] HOW COME YOU DO ME LIKE YOU DO / MEANEST BLUES THE ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE VICTOR No. 19480 The Original Memphis Five is the foremost jazz aggregation of its type in the field. This quintet records its “low-down” indigo specialities prolifically for practically every company in the business. It is the sole survivor of a school of “hot” bands (which formerly had the Original Dixieland Jazz Band as very prominent in that sphere), for the reason the Memphisites have kept up with the times. Their barbaric rhythms are not all blare and jazz, but also interspersed with melodic interludes for contrast. Like the second title, both are

Jacobs’ Band Monthly, February 1925, p.72

“mean” blues of the thrilling rhythm type. The cornet, clarinet and trombone get some weird effects out of the compositions. The first is by Austin and Bergere; the second is by Phil Napoleon and Frank Signorelli, respectively cornetist and pianist of the Memphis Five. Withall a “hot” “blues” classic. Auburn Citizen, November 14, 1924, p.17: MUSICAL ITEMS FOR THE WEEK From the source of “blues” come two Cerulean fox-trots by the Original Memphis Five, with the slow, rolling rhythm of the only and genuine blues. You have undoubtedly heard “How Come You Do Me Like You Do?” but hear it on this new record [Victor 19480]. “Meanest Blues” certainly reveals a lot of bottled up venom. Chicago Daily Tribune, November 14, 1924, p.18: HOW COME YOU DO ME LIKE YOU DO / MEANEST BLUES THE ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE VICTOR 19480 Comedy fox-trots of the drollest Paradise-jazz-blues description. They have the slow, rolling rhythm of the genuine blues; it is amazing what these five instruments do with it. St. Louis, MO, Post-Dispatch, January 30, 1925, p.03: “HOW COME YOU DO ME LIKE YOU DO” AND “MOBILE BLUES” ON COLUMBIA 260-D, PLAYED BY THE ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE. First is a tantalizing slow drag fox-trot. A tricky swerve on a plaintive cornet. Rippling stuff on the piano. Then – a clamoring finale of double timing which will lift you off your feet, that’s “How Come You Do Me Like You Do” played by the original Memphis Five. “Mobile Blues” is a racy, peppery piping-hot round of jazz by the same orchestra. SOME RECORD! GET IT TODAY !

San Antonio, TX, Express, November 16, 1924, p.B 17: “Blues” of the deepest dye have been recorded by the Original Memphis Five, under the titles of “How Come You Do Me Like You Do?” and the “Meanest Blues”. Waterloo, IA, Evening Courier, November 20,1924, p.05: HOW COME YOU DO ME LIKE YOU DO / MEANEST BLUES THE ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE VICTOR 19480 Fine recordings for dances of the jazz-blues type. Comedy cornet and trombone parts. Variety, April 01, 1925, p.43:DISK REVIEWS by Abel SOB SISTER SADIE / THROW DOWN BLUES ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE VICTOR No. 19594 The quintet delivers plenty “hot” and unadulterated jazz when it does its stuff. They can’t miss, particularly with addicts and disciples of torrid modulations who dote on the sizzling paprika. The second number is the work of Frank Signorelli and Phil Napoleon of the Five. Muncie, IN, Star Press, March 28, 1925, p.05: SOB SISTER SADIE / THROW DOWN BLUES ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE VICTOR No. 19594 Simon pure jazz, "Sob Sister Sadie" works superbly with the new clog effects of the "collegiate" fox trot, but of course, if you want to dance pretty it will work just as well. "Throw Down Blues" has the slow loping movement of the Southern and Southwestern fox trot, a clarinet leading its melody. These are two very funny dance numbers, and we think they will bring rejoicing into the "inner circle" of less serious fox trotters. Albany, NY, Times-Union, March 27, 1925, p.32: NEW DANCE RECORDS The Original Memphis Five provide a snappy wind-up with “Sob Sister Sadie” and “Throw Down Blues” with clog effects and the slow lope of the Southern fox trot. Variety, February 18, 1925, p.36:ABEL’S COMMENT by Abel Green MEMPHIS FIVE’S “THAIS” To demonstrate that they can be equally symphonic as they are “hot”, the Original Memphis Five have recorded for Pathe a fox-trot arrangement of the Meditation from “Thais”. The quintet, without any other instrumental augmentation, has “canned” the number sans the usual torrid interludes to which the band is so much given. The matrix number for the Pathé/Perfect recording of “Thais” is 105838a, with the preceding two matrices (105836 & 105837) still untraced. However, the following report mentions OM5 recordings which may account for these two matrices: OPERA HAS BEEN JAZZED The Original Memphis Five Jazz Orchestra is always doing the unusual, and is the only combination which records for all the reputable phonograph companies. Recently they introduced a novelty by jazzing for one of the big recording companies “Aida” and several other operas. Other larger outfits have jazzed opera, but this is the first time the feat has been done with four instruments – trombone, clarinet, cornet and piano. … (New York Morning Telegraph, March 04, 1925, p.09) During their stay at Brooklyn’s Rosemont, the OM5 participated in the following three benefit events: A CHARITY BALL On Tuesday night [Dec.16, 1924] Rosemont will hold a charity ball, the proceeds of which will be used to spread Christmas cheer where most needed. Many acts have volunteered their services. Sammy Kahn and Orchestra and the Original MemphisFive, Rosemont’s regular dance orchestras, will be augmented by other bands.552

Brooklyn Daily Eagle, December 21, 1924, p.64: What promises to be New York's largest indoor Christmas tree will be seen at Rosemont Ballroom at a Christmas party to be held on Wednesday coming, Dec. 24. Rosemont's orchestras, the Original Memphis Five, und Sammy Kahn's Orchestra, will furnish music for the dances.

An entertainment was staged in the music hall of the Academy of Music last night [Jan. 29, 1925] for the benefit of the Little Theatre movement of Brooklyn that proved an attraction to several hundred persons. … the programme ended with several numbers by the Memphis Five.553 In addition, the OM5 performed on several broadcasts, via direct line from the Rosemont ballroom in Brooklyn, over radio station WAHG, Richmond Hill, NYC (316 meters): 1925-01-21, 10:30-11:30 P.M.543, 544, 545 / 1925-01-28, 10:30 P.M.547 / 1925-02-04, 10:30 P.M.548,549, 554 / 1925-02-11, 10:45P.M.555, 556

Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 18, 1925, p.40 WEDNESDAY NIGHT’S [January 21, 1925] PROGRAM …Late in the evening an Eagle announcer will go to the Rosemont Ballroom at Flatbush and Fulton St., where the famous Memphis Five and Sammy Kahn’s Orchestra play for the dancers, and will present these well known musical organizations to the radio audience. A direct wire from Rosemont to The Eagle Studio and thence to the transmitter at the A. H. Grebe & Co. factory in Richmond Hill has been installed in order that the radio audience may hear the Memphis Five and Sammy Kahn’s Orchestra every Wednesday evening as part of The Eagle program. Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 22, 1925, p.05 The program of dance music was given by the Memphis Five and Sammy Kahn and his Rosemont Orchestra. … The Memphis Five made such a good thing of the dance music that they had to oblige with many request numbers. The Rosemonters maintained the high standard they set in previous appearances. Then a press report appeared concerning the OM5’s third broadcast (Febr.04, 1925) from the Rosemont, detailing events that would have a profound impact on the band’s future: Brooklyn Daily Eagle, February 10, 1925, p.20: JAZZY PLAYERS LOSE THEIR CONTRACT FOR BALKING AT RADIO. UNION REPUDIATES REFUSAL OF PERFORMERS TO BROADCAST FROM W A H G The refusal of the “Original Memphis Five” to play the jazz tunes their contract called for in the Rosemont Dance Hall, Flatbush Ave. and Fulton St., Wednesday night [February 04, 1925],when they learned that arrangements had been made to broadcast their music through arrangement with The Eagle studio station WAHG, has cost the temperamental quintet its contract of $ 1,200 a week, it was learned today. The musicians, according to I. J. Faggen, manager of the dance hall, were under contract to play there nightly. Their refusal to go on when the microphone was placed before them was taken by Faggen before the New York local of the Musician’s Union, which ruled that the performers had violated their contract, and that the Rosemont was not obligated to keep them on the payroll at the handsome figure they were commanding. The action of the union is taken as a precedent by radio and stage people to indicate the musician’s organization supports the contention of the radio heads that broadcasting is an asset to musical productions. The Memphis Five, Faggen said today, claimed that phonograph records they had made would be hurt by

Variety, March 19, 1924, p.09

their numbers being broadcast. This orchestra, he added, has been replaced because of its walkout from Wednesday’s program. The orchestra, Faggen added, has consulted counsel following the decision of the union that their action was unjustified, and announced that no action would be brought against the dance hall for declaring the contract voided. [Ominously, a few hours earlier that day, the OM5 had visited the Victor recording studio to wax the Napoleon-Signorelli composition “Throw Down Blues”.] That the OM5’s contention that sales of records were being hurt by radio broadcasts was not that far-fetched, and that the band may even have been in a dilemma caused by the diverging expectations of ballroom proprietors and radio station owners vs recording company executives, is illustrated by the following report from a few weeks later: ONE MECHANICAL COMPANY IS PLANNING TO PROHIBIT ITS RECORDING ORCHESTRAS FROM BROADCASTING The recent big drop in the sales of phonograph records has furnished the executives of these concerns with an abundance of food for troublesome thoughts. And the radio, practically everybody feels, is to blame for the slump. The public refused to pay for something it could obtain for nothing, and for a time it looked as if the phonograph companies and the music publishers were powerless to do anything to remedy the situation. A solution to this problem, however, appears to have been discovered. Some of the prominent orchestras which have been playing vaudeville and broadcasting promiscuously have been notified to keep off the air in the future, as the booking agents have come to realize that continuous broadcasting by an orchestra takes the edge off it as a vaudeville attraction. “And we are thinking seriously of doing the same thing”, a certain mechanical man remarked yesterday. “We have come to the conclusion that people are not keen for records made by an orchestra which they can hear almost any afternoon or evening by simply turning a knob. So the chances are that before long we shall not engage any singer or orchestra that broadcasts without our special permission, which we will not be likely to grant

very often. And if every other phonograph company takes the same step the best orchestras in the country will be off the air within a short time and the sales of records will show a decided increase. Then radio owners would soon tire of the fourth rate bands and would be glad to pay for the privilege of listening to and dancing to a record made by a real orchestra”. (New York Morning Telegraph, March 14, 1925, p.08) Radio is now the biggest thing the amusement business ever has had to encounter as opposition. And the show business is helpless against it. … No one can predict if the public at large will stick to radio. … And radio may be

desperate in its effort to procure entertainment that will hold the public at home at the receiving sets. … (Variety, December 10, 1924, p.16) The cancellation of the Rosemont contract was a serious loss for the OM5, and eventually would have a decided effect on the fate of the band…

The fourth and final part of the OM5 saga will deal with the time period of February 1925 – 1929, and will follow the band’s extended road tours, its dissolution, and subsequent re-emergence as a band within a band.

ORIGINAL MEMPHIS FIVE: known Playing Engagements Compiled 2014 – 2018 by: RALPH WONDRASCHEK, Kaiserstr. 54, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. E-Mail: rwondraschek@yahoo.de References

1922-09-09 alternating at 1) Danceland, Coney, and 2) Balconades, Manhattan Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 396; 397; 398; 399; 400; 401

1922-09-22 alternating at 1) Palais de Danse, Flatbush Ave. & Sterling Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 402; 403; 404; 405; 406; 407; 408;

Place, Brooklyn [formerly Danse Caprice], and 2) Balconades, Manhattan 409; 410; 411; 412; 413; 414; 415; 416; 1805; 1806

1922-10-06 ONS: dance music at the dress rehearsal of Al Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 417

Herman’s “Frolics of 1923”, at Rockwell Terrace, opposite the Orpheum Theatre in Brooklyn (Fulton Street & Rockwell Place)

1922-10-23 alternating at 1) Palais de Danse, Brooklyn 2) Balconades, Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 418; 419; 420

Manhattan and 3) Danceland, 95th

St. & Broadway, Manhattan (formerly Healy’s Sunken Gardens)

second & third bands at Palais de Danse: 1922-09-22 to 1922-11-early Frank Ulrich’s Society Orchestra 1801; 1802; 1803

1922-11-early to 1922-11-18 Fisher’s Californians & New Orleans Jazz Band 1804; 1805; 1806; 1807

1922-11-20 Balconades, Manhattan (exclusively, until 1923-06-17) Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 422; 423, 424, 425; 426; 952; 953; 954

second band at Balconades: 1922-11-20 to 1922-12-late Lou Gold’s Orchestra 1808; 1809; 1810; 1811; 1812

1923-01-early to 1923-06-17 Circle Quintet 1845; 891

1922-11-23/24 ONS: Thursday Midnight Show at Park Music Hall Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 421; 427

1922-11-30/31 ONS: Thursday Midnight Show at Park Music Hall Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 421; 910

1922-12-07/08 ONS: Thursday Midnight Show at Park Music Hall Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 428; 421

1923-01-09 broadcast at WEAF (400 meters), 9:00 – 10:00 P.M. Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 429; 430

1923-01-10 broadcast at WEAF (400 meters), 8:00 – 10:00 P.M. [+singers] Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 431; 432

1923-02-01 Hamilton Theatre, NYC, with Rome&Dunn (singers) (Febr.01–03) Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 433

(the OM5 continued to play at Balconades late at evenings) 434

1923-02-05 Colonial Theatre, B.way&62nd

St., with Rome&Dunn (Febr.05-10) Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 434; 435, 436; 437; 438;

(the OM5 continued to play at Balconades late at evenings) 1515; 1516; 1532

1923-04-08 ONS: benefit concert at Casino Theatre, NYC Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 914

1923-04-25 ONS: appeared as one of the bands at the Talking Machine Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 444; 445; 446; 817; 818; 1517;

Men’s Annual Ball at Pennsylvania Hotel, 7th

Ave.& 33rd

St. [this event was also broadcasted over WJZ, Newark, NJ, 8:00 – 11:00 P.M.]445

1923-05-14 ONS: OM5 plays at farewell dinner & party for Jack Mills at NYC Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 816; 447; 450; 940

Harbor, Keene’s Chop House, West 44th

St.

1923-05-15 ONS: OM5 plays at farewell for Jack Mills at pier of NYC harbor Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 447; 940

1923-05-27 ONS: Century Theatre, NYC, Songwriter’s Benefit Ball Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 448; 449

1923-06-17 last night at Balconades, Manhattan Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 451

two-week vacation [except recording sessions!]; both Roth & Signorelli were wedded June 10 451; 452; 1486; 1592; 1594

1923-06-30 Casino Ball Room, Casino Pier, Wildwood Park, Wildwood, NJ, Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 451; 453; 454; 455; 870;

summer job [this ballroom was owned by Sam & Howard Lanin] 1518

1923-08-04 ONS: Dallas, PA, Harvey’s Lake, Schwab’s Sunset Pavilion Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 1079; 1080; 1081

1923-08-10 ONS: Pittston, PA, Valley View Park, dance held by the Fern Club Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 1082; 1083; 1084

1923-08-11 ONS: Elmira, NY, Rorick’s Glen Park, Crystal Ballroom Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 1085

1923-08-13 ONS: Dallas, PA, Harvey’s Lake, Oneonta Pavilion Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 1086; 1087; 1088; 1089; 1090; 1091

1923-09-07 ONS: Grand Opening of the Jack Mills Building, 148 W. 46th

St., NYC Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 815; 1584; 1623

1923-09-13 ONS: Rosemont [pre-fall season], Brooklyn, benefit for Japanese Relief Fund Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 456; 1816

1923-09-15 ONS: Allentown, PA, Mealey’s Dance Studio Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 1815

1923-09-20 Rosemont Ballroom, Fulton St. & Flatbush Ave., Brooklyn (until 1924-05-17) Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 457; 458, 459; 460;

461; 462; 463; 464; 465; 466; 467; 468; 469; 470; 471; 472; 473; 474; 475; 476; 477; 478; 479; 480; 481; 482; 483; 484; 485; 486, 487; 488, 489;

490; 491; 492; 493; 508; 902; 903; 1533; 1816; 1817; 1818; 1819; 1820; 1821; 1822; 1823; 1824; 1825; 1826; 1827; 1828; 1829; 1830; 1831;

1832; 1833; 1834; 1835; 1836; 1837; 1838; 1839; 1840; 1841; 1842; 1843; 1844; 1845; 1846; 1847; 1848; 1849; 1850; 1851; 1852; 1853; 1854;

1855; 1856; 1857; 1859; 1860, 1861; 1863; 1864; 1865

1923-10-01 ONS: Prospect Hall, Brooklyn, Gala Program, 5 bands Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 494; 1534

1923-11-08 broadcast at WHN, NYC (360 meters), 11:15 P.M. – 12:00 Midn. Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 495

1923-11-21 ONS: appeared as one of the bands at the Talking Machine Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 496; 497; 956

Men’s Ball at Pennsylvania Hotel, NYC

1923-11-21 broadcast at WHN Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 498

1923-12-28 ONS: Intercollegiate Dance at Presidential Ballroom, Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Benny Krueger/Signorelli/Cali, Helleberg, present ??/Roth 872

Astor Hotel, 8th

floor, NYC [ “The ‘Cotton Pickers’, including the ‘Memphis Five’ and Benny Kruger “ ]

1924-01-14 broadcast at WJZ (455 meters), 4:00 P.M. “OM5 of Rosemont” Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 499

1924-01-16 broadcast at WJZ (455 meters), 4:00 – 4:30 P.M. “ Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 500; 501; 1686

1924-01-22 broadcast at WJZ (455 meters), 4:45 – 5:15 P.M. “ Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 502; 1687

1924-01-29 broadcast at WJZ (455 meters), 5:00 – 5:30 P.M. “ Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 503; 1688

1924-03-07 broadcast at WJZ (455 meters), 7:05 – 7:30 P.M. “ Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 504; 505; 1689

1924-03-07 ONS: Gas & Electric auditorium, Utica, NY, banquet for industrial foremen Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 915

1924-03-15 ONS: Friar’s Club, NYC, C.&C. Blow-out in honor of Eddie O’Brien Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 1766

1924-03-21 broadcast at WJZ (455 meters), 7:00 – 7:30 P.M. “ Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 506; 507; 1690

1924-05-17 last night at Rosemont Ballroom, Brooklyn Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 508

1924-05-22 Rosemont Ballroom, Boardwalk & 15th

St., Coney Island Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 508; 509; 510; 511; 512;

(1924-05-22 - 1924-09-24) 513; 514; 515; 516; 517; 518; 519; 520; 521; 522; 523

1924-05-29 ONS: Rosemont, Coney Island, benefit for G.A.R. veterans Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 524

1924-summer ONS: Harvey’s Lake, PA Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 1115

1924-09-04 Keith’s GreenpointTheat, Brookl., w.Bryan&Fairchild(Sept.04-07) Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 525; 526; 1521

(the OM5 continued to play at Rosemont, Coney Island, with the St. Louis Rhythm Kings substituting part time evenings) 527

1924-09-08 Keith’s Rivers Theatre, Brooklyn, w.Bryan&Fairchild(Sept.08-14) Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 530

(the OM5 continued to play at Rosemont, Coney Island, with the St.Louis Rhythm Kings substituting part time evenings) 527

1924-09-15 Moss’ Broadway Theatre, NYC, with Bryan &Fairchild(Sept.15-21)Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 527; 528; 529; 531; 532; 1522;

(the OM5 continued to play at Rosemont, Coney Island, with the St. Louis Rhythm Kings substituting part time evenings) 1523;1524;1536; 1599; 1600

1924-09-24 last night at Rosemont, Coney Island Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 527; 523

1924-09-25 Rosemont, Brooklyn (1924-09-25 – 1925-02-11) Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 522; 532; 533; 534; 535;

536; 537; 538; 539; 540; 541; 542; 543; 544; 545; 546; 547; 548; 549; 550; 551; 1625

1924-12-16 Rosemont, Brooklyn, Charity Ball Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 552

1924-12-24 Rosemont, Brooklyn, Christmas party Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 1097

1925-01-21 broadcast at WAHG, Richmond Hill(316 m) 10:30–11:30 P.M., Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 543; 544; 545

direct from Rosemont ballroom

1925-01-28 broadcast at WAHG, Richmond Hill (316 m) 10:30 P.M., Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 547

direct from Rosemont ballroom

1925-01-29 ONS: music hall of Academy of Music, NYC, for the benefit Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 553

of the Little Theatre movement, Brooklyn

1925-02-04 broadcast at WAHG, Richmond Hill (316 m) 10:30 P.M., Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 548; 549; 554

direct from Rosemont ballroom, aborted by the OM5 (this lead to their loss of contract ($ 1200 weekly) with Rosemont)

1925-02-11 last night at Rosemont, Brooklyn (this was broadcasted Napoleon/Panely/Lytell/Signorelli/Roth 550; 555; 556

over WAHG, 10:45 P.M.)

Due to space limitations, the list of more than 1900 contemporary sources used for this four-part study of the Original Memphis Five could not be included in the printed edition of VJM. These references are listed at the end of the internet version of my piece; readers are encouraged to print-out these additional pages for quick and permanent reference. Thanks to Ate van Delden (c. 1923 Frank Signorelli & Phil Napoleon photo, and c. 1924 Original Memphis Five photo). Information from newly found sources pertinent to Part 1 and Part 2 (and hopefully also to this Part 3) of my OM5 study, along with data on singers Ann Myers and Leona Williams, will hopefully be published in a future issue of VJM. If you have any contributions or suggestions to make, please email me at rwondraschek@yahoo.de

© Ralph Wondraschek 2018

References:

1 Variety, April 04, 1919, p.26 66 New York Dramatic Mirror, December 18, 1919, p.1951

2 Variety, May 09, 1919, p.17 67 Variety, December 19, 1919, p.24

3 Variety, May 02, 1919, p.22 68 New York Call, December 14, 1919, p.06

4 New York Clipper, August 06, 1919, p.23 69 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, December 14, 1919, p.05

5 New York Dramatic Mirror, August 21, 1919, p.1324 70 York Tribune, December 14, 1919, p.09

6 New York Clipper, July 23, 1919, p.21 71 New York Clipper, December 24, 1919, p.06

7 New York Herald, August 29, 1919, Part 2 p.05 72 New York Clipper, December 17, 1919, p.21

8 New York Clipper, August 27, 1919, p.27 73 New York Evening Post, December 20, 1919, p.14

9 New York Call, August 25, 1919, p.02 74 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, December 21, 1919, p.70

10 New York Call, August 24, 1919, p.02 75 New York Evening Post, December 20, 1919, p.14

11 New York Evening Telegram, August 26, 1919, p.04 76 New York Tribune, December 21, 1919, p.10

12 New York Tribune, August 24, 1919, p.07 77 Brooklyn Standard Union, December 21, 1919, p.04

13 New York Clipper, August 27, 1919, p.07 78 Brooklyn Standard Union, December 23, 1919, p.06

14 Variety, September 19, 1919, p.09 79 New York Evening Post, December 23, 1919, p.09

15 Mount Vernon NY Daily Argus, September 16, 1919, p.02 80 Brooklyn Standard Union, December 22, 1919, p.05

16 “Dec. 1922” [but see 928], cited in Record Research 18, p.24 81 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, December 28, 1919, p.05

17 Variety, October 24, 1919, p.08 82 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, December 29, 1919, p.12

18 Mount Vernon NY Daily Argus, November 07, 1919, p.09 83 New York Dramatic Mirror, December 25, 1919, p.2066

19 Mount Vernon NY Daily Argus, November 07, 1919, p.?? 84 New York Evening Post, December 26, 1919, p.09

20 Mount Vernon NY Daily Argus, November 05, 1919, p.08 85 New York Clipper, December 24, 1919, p.17

21 Variety, October 31, 1919, p.30 86 New York Sun, December 28, 1919, p.08

22 Variety, November 07, 1919, p.28 87 New York Tribune, December 28, 1919, p.02

23 New York Clipper, November 05, 1919, p.28 88 New York Evening Telegram, December 28, 1919, p.12

24 Variety, November 14, 1919, p.29 89 New York Sun, December 28, 1919, p.02

25 Variety, November 14, 1919, p.07 90 New York Herald, December 29, 1919, p.06

26 Variety, November 21, 1919, p.52 91 New York Herald, December 31, 1919, p.06

27 New York Herald, November 16, 1919, Third Section, p.11 92 New York Clipper, December 31, 1919, p.09

28 New York Clipper, November 19, 1919, p.11 93 Billboard, January 03, 1920, p.46

29 New York Dramatic Mirror, November 27, 1919, p.1835 94 NY Dramatic Mirror, January 08, 1920, p.19

30 New York Dramatic Mirror, November 27, 1919, p.???? 95 New York Clipper, December 31, 1919, p.23

31 New York Tribune, November 23, 1919, IV p.09 96 New York Dramatic Mirror, December 25, 1920, p.2066

32 Variety, November 28, 1919, p.18 97 Washington Herald, January 01, 1920, p.05

33 Variety, November 21, 1919, p.20 98 Billboard, January 03, 1920, p.46

34 Variety, November 21, 1919, p.52 99 Washington Times, January 04, 1920, p.19

35 New York Evening Post, November 25, 1919, p.16 100 Washington Times, January 04, 1920, p.18

36 New York Clipper, November 26, 1919, p.09 101 Washington Herald, January 04, 1920, p.13

37 New York Dramatic Mirror, December 04, p.1871 102 Washington Times, January 06, 1920, p.04

38 Variety, November 28, 1919, p.07 103 Washington Herald, January 06, 1920, p.10

39 New York Herald, November 28, 1919, p.13 104 New York Clipper, January 14, 1920, p.09

40 New York Tribune, November 21, 1919, p.10 105 New York Dramatic Mirror, January 22, 1920. p.107

41 Mount Vernon NY Daily Argus, November 29, 1919, p.08 106 New York Clipper, January 07, 1920, p.23

42 Mount Vernon NY Daily Argus, December 04, 1919, p.09 107 NY Evening Telegram, January 16, 1920, p.12

43 Mount Vernon NY Daily Argus, December 04, 1919, p.07 108 Variety, January 16, 1920, p.32

44 New York Clipper, December 03, 1919, p.23 109 New York Sun, January 18, 1920, p.07

45 Variety, December 05, 1919, p.33 110 NY Evening World, January 17, 1920, p.13

46 New York Herald, December 07, 1919, p.09 111 New York Tribune, January 18, 1920, p.02

47 New York Herald, December 07, 1919, p.11 112 New York Tribune, January 18, 1920, p.36

48 New York Tribune, December 07, 1919, p.09 113 Columbia Daily Spectator, NY, January 19, 1920, p.02

49 New York Evening Telegram, Dec. 07, 1919, p.12 114 Columbia Daily Spectator, NY, January 20, 1920, p.02

50 New York Tribune, December 07, 1919, p.10 115 Columbia Daily Spectator, NY, January 21, 1920, p.02

51 New York Call, December 07, 1919, p.04 116 Columbia Daily Spectator, NY, January 23, 1920, p.02

52 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, December 07, 1919, p.11 117 New York Clipper, January 21, 1920, p.06

53 New York Sun, December 07, 1919, p.03 118 NY Dramatic Mirror, January 29, 1920, p.139

54 New York Sun, December 09, 1919, p.07 119 Columbia matrix card, 78938

55 New York Tribune, December 09, 1919, p.15 120 Variety, January 31, 1920, p.11

56 New York Clipper, December 10, 1919, p.09 121 The Evening Telegram, NY, January 25, 1920, p.12

57 New York Columbia Spectator, December 10, 1919, p.04 122 Variety, January 24, 1920, p.26

58 Westfield Leader, December 10, 1919, p.02 123 Evening Public Ledger, Philadelphia, January 24, 1920, p.10

59 Variety, December 12, 1919, p.17 124 Philadelphia Inquirer, January 25, 1920, p.23

60 New York Columbia Spectator, December 11, 1919, p.04 125 Philadelphia Inquirer, January 25, 1920, p.22

61 New York Columbia Spectator, December 12, 1919, p.03 126 Philadelphia Inquirer, January 27, 1920, p. 8 a

62 New York Columbia Spectator, December 13, 1919, p.02 127 Philadelphia Inquirer, January 27, 1920, p.03

63 Rockville Centre NY South Side Observer, December 12, 1919, p.11 128 Evening Public Ledger, Philadelphia, January 26, 1920, p.11

64 Billboard, December 13, 1919, p.17 129 Philadelphia Inquirer, January 28, 1920, p.03

65 New York Tribune, December 14, 1919, p.12 130 Public Ledger, Philadelphia, January 28, 1920, p.11

131 Philadelphia Inquirer, January 29, 1920, p.03 196 Calgary Daily Herald, April 03, 1920, p.12

132 Evening Public Ledger, Philadelphia, January 29, 1920, p.11 197 Morning Albertan, Calgary, April 06, 1920 p.02

133 Philadelphia Inquirer, January 30, 1920, p.03 198 New York Clipper, March 31, 1920, p.21

134 Evening Public Ledger, Philadelphia, January 30, 1920, p.11 199 Variety, April 02, 1920, p.29

135 Philadelphia Inquirer, January 31, 1920, p.03 200 Daily Colonist, Victoria, B.C., April 09, 1920, p.12

136 Variety, January 31, 1920, p.20 201 New York Evening Telegram, January 18, 1920, p.12

137 New York Clipper, January 28, 1920, p.27 202 Variety, January 16, 1920, p.22

138 New York Dramatic Mirror, February 05, 1920, p.195 203 New York Clipper, April 07, 1920, p.21

139 Variety, January 31, 1920, p.26 204 Variety, April 09, 1920, p.29

140 Pittsburgh Press, February 01, 1920, p.03 205 New York Dramatic Mirror, April 10, 1920, p.717

141 Pittsburgh Press, February 03, 1920, p.14 206 Vancouver Daily World, April 10, 1920, p.12

142 New York Clipper, February 04, 1920, p.27 207 Vancouver Daily World, April 13, 1920, p.07

143 NY Dramatic Mirror, February 07, p.247 208 New York Clipper, April 14, 1920, p.21

144 Pittsburgh Press, February 05, 1920, p.18 209 New York Dramatic Mirror, April 17, 1920, p.769

145 Variety, February 06, 1920, p.28 210 Variety, April 16, 1920, p.30

146 Jewish Criterion, Pittsburgh, February 06, 1920, p.24 211 Seattle Star, April 17, 1920, p.09

147 The Index, Pittsburgh, February 07, 1920, p.09 212 Moore Theatre Program, April 18, 1920, p.21

148 The Index, Pittsburgh, February 07, p.11 213 Seattle Star, April 19, 1920, p.15

149 Pittsburgh Press, February 08, 1920, Theatrical section 3, p.01 214 New York Clipper, April 21, 1920, p.19

150 Pittsburgh Press, February 08, 1920, Theatrical section 3, p.02 215 Variety, April 23, 1920, p.36

151 Pittsburgh Gazette Times, February 08, 1920, 6th section, p.06 216 Oregon News, Portland, OR, April 24, 1920, p.??

152 Pittsburgh Press, February 08, 1920, Theatrical section, p.01 217 Morning Oregonian, Portland, OR, April 24, 1920, p.09

153 Pittsburgh Gazette Times, February 09, 1920, p.07 218 Oregon News, Portland, OR, April 25, 1920, p. ??

154 New York Clipper, February 11, 1920, p.23 219 Sunday Oregonian, Portland, OR, April 25, 1920, section 4, p.02

155 New York Dramatic Mirror, February 14, 1920, p.298 220 Morning Oregonian, Portland, OR, April 26, 1920, p.18

156 Variety, February 13, 1920, p.46 221 Billboard, May 01, 1920, p.42

157 NY Dramatic Mirror, February 28, 1920, p.404 222 San Francisco Chronicle, April 28, 1920, p.10

158 New York Clipper, February 18, 1920, p.27 223 New York Clipper, April 28, 1920, p.21

159 New York Dramatic Mirror, February 21, 1920, p.350 224 Variety, April 30, 1920, p.25

160 Variety, February 20, 1920, p.35 225 New York Dramatic Mirror, May 01, 1920, p.873

161 Chicago Tribune, February 23, 1920, p.19 226 Billboard, May 01, 1920, p.42

162 Chicago Tribune, February 24, 1920, p.15 227 Pacific Coast Musical Review, San Francisco, May 01, 1920, p.08

163 Chicago Tribune, February 25, 1920, p.15 228 San Francisco Chronicle, May 02, 1920, p.05

164 Chicago Tribune, February 26, 1920, p.11 229 San Francisco Chronicle, May 03, 1920, p.07

165 Chicago Tribune, February 27, 1920, p.13 230 San Francisco Chronicle, May 05, 1920, p.04

166 Chicago Tribune, February 28, 1920, p.11 231 San Francisco Chronicle, May 05, 1920, p.15

167 Variety, February 27, 1920, p.19 232 San Francisco Chronicle, May 06, 1920, p.11

168 New York Dramatic Mirror, February 28, 1920, p.371 233 New York Clipper, May 26, 1920, p.19

169 Down Beat, October 05, 1951, p.02 234 Variety, May 21, 1920, p.06

170 New York Clipper, March 03, 1920, p.27 235 Billboard, May 29, 1920, p.37

171 New York Dramatic Mirror, March 06, 1920, p.454 236 New York Clipper, November 10, 1920, p.08

172 Olathe Mirror, Olathe, Kansas, March 04, 1920, p.10 237 Berkeley Daily Gazette, May 12, 1920, p.09

173 Kansas City Times, March 06, 1920, p.22 238 New York Clipper, May 12, 1920, p.21

174 Variety, March 05, 1920, p.31 239 Variety, May 14, 1920, p.20

175 Billboard, March 06, 1920, p.454 240 New York Dramatic Mirror, May 15, 1920, p.1032

176 Kansas City Star, March 07, 1920, p.04 241 San Francisco Chronicle, May 16, 1920, p.04

177 New York Clipper, March 10, 1920, p.21 242 Oakland Tribune, May 16, 1920, p.44

178 Variety, March 12, 1920, p.34 243 Oakland Tribune, May 17, 1920, p.08

179 Variety, March 19, 1920, p.09 244 Oakland Tribune, May 18, 1920, p.15

180 New York Clipper, March 24, 1920, p.31 245 Oakland Tribune, May 19, 1920, p.09

181 Variety, March 19, 1920, p.31 246 Oakland Tribune, May 20, 1920, p.12

182 New York Dramatic Mirror, March 20, 1920, p.560 247 Oakland Tribune, May 21, 1920, p.??

183 Minneapolis Morning Tribune, March 23, 1920, p.15 248 Oakland Tribune, May 22, 1920, p.??

184 Minneapolis Morning Tribune, March 24, 1920, p.19 249 Berkeley Daily Gazette, May 17, 1920, p.07

185 Minneapolis Morning Tribune, March 25, 1920, p.19 250 Berkeley Daily Gazette, May 18, 1920, p.09

186 New York Clipper, March 24, 1920, p.21 251 Berkeley Daily Gazette, May 19, 1920, p.07

187 New York Dramatic Mirror, March 27, 1920, p.613 252 Berkeley Daily Gazette, May 20, 1920, p.03

188 Variety, March 26, 1920, p.28 253 Berkeley Daily Gazette, May 21, 1920, p.09

189 Manitoba Free Press, Winnipeg, March 27, 1920, p.”Theatre section” 254 Berkeley Daily Gazette, May 22, 1920, p.03

190 Manitoba Free Press, Winnipeg, April 01, 1920, p.10 255 Billboard, May 22, 1920, p. 42

191 Winnipeg Tribune, March 29, 1920, p.08 256 New York Clipper, May 19, 1920, p.21

192 Winnipeg Tribune, April 01, 1920, p.08 257 Sacramento Union, May 19, 1920, p.08

193 Winnipeg Tribune, April 02, 1920, p.09 258 Variety, May 21, 1920, p.20

194 New York Clipper, March 31, 1920, p.21 259 NY Dramatic Mirror, May 22, 1920, p.1085

195 Variety, April 02, 1920, p.29 260 Sacramento Union, May 22, 1920, p.03 (also May 23/24/25/26)

261 Sacramento Union, May 23, 1920, p.14 326 Variety, January 13, 1922, p.09

262 Sacramento Union, May 24, 1920, p.08 327 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, NY, January 14, 1922, p10

263 New York Clipper, May 19, 1920, p.21 328 New York Evening Telegram, January 14, 1922, p.04

264 Variety, May 21, 1920, p.20 329 New York Evening Telegram, January 15, 1922, p.06

265 Billboard, May 22, 1920, p. 42 330 New York Clipper, January 18, 1922, p.28

266 Billboard, May 29, 1920, p. 41 331 New York Evening Telegram, January 22, 1922, p.04

267 New York Clipper, May 26, 1920, p.21 332 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, NY, January 24, 1922, p.10

268 New York Dramatic Mirror, May 29, 1920, p.1136 333 New York Evening Telegram, January 29, 1922, p.03

269 Billboard, May 29, 1920, p. 41 334 New York Evening Telegram, January 29, 1922, p.17

270 Variety, May 29, 1920, p.28 335 New York Evening Telegram, February 05, 1922, p.04

271 Los Angeles Evening Herald, May 29, 1920, p. B-3 336 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, NY, February 11, 1922,p.10

272 Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1920, p. III 10 337 New York Evening Telegram, February 12, 1922, p.06

273 Los Angeles Times, May 31, 1920, p. II 12 338 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, NY, February 16, 1922,p.10

274 Los Angeles Evening Herald, May 31, 1920, p. ?? 339 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, NY, February 18, 1922,p.10

275 Los Angeles Evening Herald, June 01, 1920, p. B-5 340 New York Evening World, February 18, 1922, p.08

276 Los Angeles Evening Herald, June 01, 1920, p.02 341 New York Evening World, February 19, 1922, p.16

277 Los Angeles Evening Herald, June 02, 1920, p.02 342 New York Evening Telegram, February 19, 1922, p.04

278 Los Angeles Evening Herald, June 04, 1920, p.02 343 New York Clipper, February 22, 1922, p.28

279 Los Angeles Evening Herald, June 05, 1920, p.A-4 344 Daily Star, Queens Borough, NY, Brooklyn, February 23, 1922,p.12

280 Billboard, June 05, 1920, p. 41 345 Daily Star, Queens Borough, NY, Brooklyn, February 25, 1922,p.12

281 Vaudeville News, June 18, 1920, p.06 346 New York Evening Telegram, February 26, 1922, p.03

282 Los Angeles Times, June 20, 1920, p. VI, 2 347 New York Evening World, March 01, 1922, p.27

283 New York Clipper, June 23, 1920, p.08 348 Variety, March 03, 1922, p.10

284 Vaudeville News, June 25, 1920, p.06 349 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, NY, March 04, 1922, p.10

285 Vaudeville News, August 06, 1920, p.06 350 New York Evening Telegram, March 05, 1922, p.04

286 New York Clipper, November 10, 1920, p.08 351 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, NY, March 11, 1922, p.12

287 Billboard, June 05, 1920, p.41 352 New York Evening Telegram, March 12, 1922, p.03

288 New York Clipper, June 16, 1920, p.21 353 New York Clipper, March 15, 1922, p.06

289 Variety, June 18, 1920, p.20 354 Variety, March 17, 1922, p.11

290 New York Clipper, June 23, 1920, p.21 355 “March 1922” [but see 927], cited in Record Research 18, p.24

291 Billboard, June 26, 1920, p. 57 356 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, N.Y., March 18, 1922, p.12

292 New York Clipper, June 30, 1920, p.21 357 New York Evening Telegram, March 19, 1922, p.04

293 Variety, July 02, 1920, p.16 358 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, N.Y., March 25, 1922, p.14

294 Billboard, July 03, 1920, p.41 359 New York Evening Telegram, March 26, 1922, p.03

295 Billboard, July 10, 1920, p.41 360 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, N.Y., April 01, 1922, p.12

296 Black Music Research Journal, Vol. 22/2 (Fall 2002), p. 361 New York Evening Telegram, April 02, 1922, p.03

297 Variety, June 18, 1920, p.31 362 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, N.Y., April 08, 1922, p.14

298 Billboard, July 03, 1920, p.59 363 New York Evening Telegram, April 09, 1922, p.03

299 Billboard, July 31, 1920, p. 85 364 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, N.Y., April 15, 1922, p.14

300 letter from Emile Christian to Nick La Rocca, Sept. 09, 1920 365 New York Evening Telegram, April 16, 1922, p.03

301 letter from Emile Christian to Nick La Rocca, Sept. 14, 1920 366 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, N.Y., April 22, 1922, p.12

302 Poughkeepsie Eagle News, September 25, 1920, p.09 367 New York Evening Telegram, April 23, 1922, p.03

303 Poughkeepsie Eagle News, October 04, 1920, p.07 368 Daily Star, Queens Borough, Brooklyn, N.Y., April 29, 1922, p.14

304 Record Research 34 (April 1961), p.03 369 New York Evening Telegram, April 30, 1922, p.03

305 New York Evening Telegram, October 03, 1920, p.14 370 New York Evening Telegram, May 07, 1922, p.03

306 The Gazette, Montreal, February 05, 1921, p.13 371 New York Evening World, May 10, 1922, p.24

307 The Gazette, Montreal, February 08, 1921, p.11 372 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, NY, May 13, 1922, p.24

308 The Gazette, Montreal, February 11, 1921, p.13 373 Brooklyn Standard Union, May 13, 1922p.05

309 The Gazette, Montreal, February 14, 1921, p.13 374 Brooklyn Standard Union, May 14, 1922p.06

310 The Gazette, Montreal, March 01, 1921, p.11 375 New York Evening Telegram, May 14, 1922, p.02

311 The Gazette, Montreal, March 08, 1921, p.11 376 New York Evening Telegram, May 14, 1922, p.03

312 The Gazette, Montreal, March 26, 1921, p.11 377 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, May 14, 1922, p.43

313 The Gazette, Montreal, March 29, 1921, p.11 378 New York Evening World, May 18, 1922, p.20

314 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, July 08, 1921, p.05 379 Brooklyn Standard Union, May 20, 1922, p.06

315 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, July 15, 1921, p.10 380 New York Evening Telegram, May 21, 1922, p.03

316 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, July 22, 1921, p.08 381 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, May 21, 1922, p. C 5

317 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, July 29, 1921, p.07 382 Brooklyn Standard Union, May 21, 1922, p.13

318 New York Clipper, August 03, 1921, p.25 383 Brooklyn Standard Union, May 27, 1922, p.08

319 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, August 05, 1921, p.10 384 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, May 28, 1922, p. 5 C

320 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, August 12, 1921, p.10 385 Brooklyn Standard Union, May 28, 1922, p.19

321 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, August 19, 1921, p.11 386 Brooklyn Standard Union, June 03, 1922, p.08

322 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, August 26, 1921, p.11 387 Brooklyn Standard Union, June 04, 1922, p.05

323 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, September 02, 1921, p.12 388 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, June 03, 1922, p.24

324 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, September 09, 1921, p.09 389 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, June 04, 1922, p. C 9

325 Monticello, NY, Republican Watchman, November 24, 1922, p.01 390 Brooklyn Standard Union, June 04, 1922, p.05

391 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, June 11, 1922, p. 8 C 458 Brooklyn Standard Eagle, September 16, 1923, p.06 E

392 not assigned 459 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 26, 1923, p.03

393 New York Clipper, June 14, 1922, p.28 460 New York Clipper, October 26, 1923, p.22

394 New York Clipper, July 19, 1922, p.28 461 New York Clipper, November 02, 1923, p.22

395 New York Clipper, August 02, 1922, p.28 462 New York Clipper, November 09, 1923, p.22

396 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 09, 1922, p.06 463 New York Clipper, November 16, 1923, p.22

397 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 10, 1922, p.07 464 New York Clipper, November 23, 1923, p.21

398 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Sept. 09, 1922, p.22 465 New York Clipper, November 30, 1923, p.22

399 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Sept. 10, 1922, p.10 C 466 New York Clipper, December 07, 1923, p.21

400 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Sept. 11, 1922, p.06 A 467 New York Clipper, December 14, 1923, p.22

401 New York Clipper, September 13, 1922, p.28 468 New York Clipper, December 14, 1923, p.25

402 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 22, 1922, p.24 469 New York Clipper, December 21, 1923, p.22

403 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 22, 1922, p.14 470 New York Clipper, January 04, 1924, p.22

404 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 24, 1922, p.05 471 New York Clipper, January 11, 1924, p.22

405 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 23, 1922, p.24 472 New York Clipper, January 18, 1924, p.22

406 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 23, 1922, p.06 473 New York Clipper, January 25, 1924, p.17

407 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 24, 1922, p. 10 C 474 New York Clipper, February 01, 1924, p.26

408 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, October 08, 1922, p. 8 C 475 New York Clipper, February 08, 1924, p.25

409 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, October 09, 1922, p. 8 A 476 New York Clipper, February 15, 1924, p.20

410 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, October 11, 1922, p. 10A 477 New York Clipper, February 22, 1924, p.44

411 Brooklyn Standard Union, October 01, 1922, p.04 478 New York Clipper, February 29, 1924, p.16

412 Brooklyn Standard Union, October 08, 1922, p.04 479 New York Clipper, February 29, 1924, p.19

413 Brooklyn Standard Union, October 08, 1922, p.05 480 New York Clipper, March 06, 1924, p.12

414 Brooklyn Standard Union, October 10, 1922, p.10 481 New York Clipper, March 06, 1924, p.19

415 Brooklyn Standard Union, October 17, 1922, p.09 482 New York Clipper, March 13, 1924, p.19

416 Brooklyn Standard Union, October 22, 1922, p.06 483 New York Clipper, March 20, 1924, p.17

417 New York Morning Telegraph, October 08, 1922, p.03 484 New York Clipper, March 27, 1924, p.18

418 New York Clipper, November 01, 1922, p.28 485 New York Clipper, April 03, 1924, p.15

419 Billboard, November 04, 1922, p.21 486 New York Clipper, April 03, 1924, p.21

420 Billboard, November 11, 1922, p.43 487 New York Clipper, April 10, 1924, p.19

421 New York Clipper, December 06, 1922, p.28 488 New York Clipper, April 17, 1924, p.15

422 Brooklyn Standard Union, December 03, 1922, p.05 489 New York Clipper, April 17, 1924, p.19

423 New York Times, December 21, 1922, p. 18 490 New York Clipper, April 24, 1924, p.20

424 Evening Telegram, NY, December 22, 1922, p.04 491 New York Clipper, May 01, 1924, p.16

425 Evening Telegram, NY, December 23, 1922, p. 05 492 New York Clipper, May 01, 1924, p.19

426 Evening Telegram, NY, December 24, 1922, p.04 493 New York Clipper, May 08, 1924, p.25

427 New York Morning Telegraph, December 03, 1922, p.08 494 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 16, 1923, p.11

428 New York Morning Telegraph, December 10, 1922, p.07 495 New York Sun, November 08, 1922, p.??

429 Amsterdam Evening Recorder, January 09, 1923, p.12 496 Talking Machine World, October 15, 1923, p.146

430 Paterson Morning Call, January 10, 1923, p.07 497 New York Clipper, November 09, 1923, p.23

431 Poughkeepsie Eagle News, January 10, 1923, p.06 498 New York Clipper, November 23, 1923, p.20

432 New York Times, January 10, 1923, p.46 499 New York Clipper, January 11, 1924, p.23

433 New York Clipper, February 07, 1923, p.11 500 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 16, 1924, p. 08 A

434 Variety, February 08, 1923, p.21 501 Plattsburgh Daily Press, January 16, 1924, p.06

435 New York Evening Post, February 02, 1923, p.07 502 New York Evening Telegram, January 22, 1924, p.04

436 New York Evening Telegram, February 04, 1923, p. 16 503 Jamestown Evening Journal, January 28, 1924, p.10

437 New York Clipper, February 07, 1923, p.09 504 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, March 07, 1924, p. 08 A

438 Variety, February 8, 1923, p.22 505 New York Telegram & Evening Mail, March 07, 1924, p.11

439 Variety, February 15, 1923, p.05 506 Brooklyn Standard Union, March 21, 1924, p.18

440 New York Clipper, March 28, 1923, p.04 507 New York Telegram & Evening Mail, March 15, 1924, p.19

441 Brooklyn Standard Union, April 06, 1923, p.14 508 New York Clipper, May 08, 1924, p.18

442 Brooklyn Standard Union, April 07, 1923, p.08 509 New York Clipper, May 15, 1924, p.20

443 Brooklyn Standard Union, April 08, 1923, p.05 510 New York Clipper, week ending May 24, 1924, p.20

444 Talking Machine World, April 15, 1923, p.151 511 New York Clipper, week ending May 31, 1924, p.22

445 Troy Times, Troy, N.Y., April 25, 1923, p.13 512 New York Clipper, week ending June 07, 1924, p.20

446 New York Clipper, May 02, 1923, p.30 513 New York Clipper, week ending June 14, 1924, p.21

447 New York Clipper, May 16, 1923, p.18 514 New York Clipper, week ending June 21, 1924, p.21

448 New York Clipper, May 30, 1923, p.18 515 New York Clipper, week ending June 28, 1924, p.21

449 Variety, May 30, 1923, p.04 516 New York Clipper, week ending July 05, 1924, p.21

450 Talking Machine World, June 15, 1923, p.162 517 New York Clipper, week ending July 12, 1924, p.24

451 New York Clipper, June 20, 1923, p.28 518 Variety, July 16, 1924, p.38

452 Vaudeville News, June 29, 1923, p.13 519 Variety, July 23, 1924, p.41

453 New York Clipper, July 04, 1923, p.28 520 Variety, August 13, 1924, p.33

454 New York Clipper, July 11, 1923, p.28 521 Variety, August 27, 1924, p.41

455 New York Clipper, July 20, 1923, p.04 522 Variety, September 10, 1924, p.40

456 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 12, 1923, p.03 523 Variety, September 17, 1924, p.42

457 New York Clipper, September 14, 1923, p.23 524 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, May 29, 1924, p.05

525 Variety, September 03, 1924, p.07 592 Variety, August 26, 1925, p.46

526 Variety, September 03, 1924, p.42 593 Variety, September 02, 1925, p.40

527 Variety, September 10, 1924, p.40 594 Utica, NY, Daily Press, July 03, 1925

528 New York Evening Post, September 12, 1924, p.14 595 Evening Leader, Corning, NY, July 09, 1925, p.14

529 New York Sun, September 13, 1924, p.03 596 Evening Leader, Corning, NY, July 11, 1925, p.03

530 Variety, September 17, 1924, p.44 597 Star-Gazette, Elmira, NY, July 11, 1925, p.03

531 Variety, September 17, 1924, p.45 598 Auburn Citizen, July 18, 1925, p.??

532 Variety, September 24, 1924, p.26-B 599 Union Sun Journal, Lockport, NY, August 10, 1925, p.04

533 Variety, October 01, 1924, p.36 600 Daily Journal, Medina, NY, August 14, 1925, p.03

534 Variety, October 01, 1924, p.71 601 Jamestown Evening Journal, August 14, 1925 p.20

535 Variety, October 15, 1924, p.41 602 Union Sun Journal, Lockport, NY, August 10, 1925, p.04

536 Variety, October 29, 1924, p.32 603 Union Sun Journal, Lockport, NY, August 13, 1925, p.12

537 Variety, November 05, 1924, p.38 604 Union Sun Journal, Lockport, NY, August 15, 1925, p.16

538 Variety, November 19, 1924, p.37 605 Orleans Republican, Albion NY, August 12, 1925, p.04

539 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, November 30, 1924, p.68 606 Orleans Republican, Albion NY, August 12, 1925, p.01

540 Variety, December 03, 1924, p.35 607 Daily Journal, Medina, NY, August 14, 1925, p.03

541 Variety, December 31, 1924, p.55 608 Variety, September 02, 1925, p.41

542 Variety, January 07, 1925, p.44 609 Variety, September 09, 1925, p.37

543 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 18, 1925, p.40 610 Variety, September 09, 1925, p.32

544 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 21, 1925, p.32 611 Variety, September 09, 1925, p.38

545 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 22, 1925, p.05 612 Variety, September 09, 1925, p.65

546 Variety, January 28, 1925, p.40 613 Variety, September 16, 1925, p.44

547 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 28, 1925, p.10A 614 New York Times, September 10, 1925, p.28

548 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, February 01, 1925, p. 08 C 615 Brooklyn Standard Union, November 20, 1925, p.03

549 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, February 10, 1925, p.20 616 Variety, November 25, 1925, p.42

550 Variety, February 11, 1925, p.34 617 Variety, December 16, 1925, p.45

551 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, February 12, 1925, p.03 618 Variety, December 16, 1925, p.46

552 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, December 14, 1924, p.04 E 619 Variety, February 03, 1926, p.44

553 Brooklyn Standard Union, January 30, 1925, p.03 620 Times Union, Albany, NY, May 14, 1926, p.05

554 Brooklyn Standard Union, February 04, 1925, p.?? 621 Times Union, Albany, NY, May 14, 1926, p.05

555 New York Times, February 08, 1925, p.18 622 Schenectady Gazette, Schenectady, NY, May 14, 1926. p.08

556 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, February 12, 1925, p.03 623 Variety, May 12, 1926, p.53

557 Variety, March 04, 1925, p.41 624 Variety, May 19, 1926, p.34

558 New York Sun, February 17, 1925, p.22 625 Variety, May 19, 1926, p.52

559 Long Island Daily Press, February 21, 1925, p.01 626 Variety, May 26, 1926, p.51

560 Reading Eagle, NY, March 05, 1925, p.21 627 Long Island Daily Press, June 01, 1926, p.12

561 Reading Eagle, NY, March 08, 1925, p.25 628 Daily Star, Queens Borough, June 01, 1926, p.11

562 Reading Eagle, NY, March 30, 1925, p.04 629 Times Union, Albany, NY, July 08, 1926, p.??

563 Reading Eagle, NY, April 19, 1925, p.08 630 Watertown Daily Times, June 14, 1926, p.07

564 Reading Eagle, NY, April 20, 1925, p.07 631 Journal and Republican and Lowville Times, June 24, 1926, p.01

565 Daily Argus, Mount Vernon, NY, March 26, 1925, p.01 632 Variety, August 04, 1926, p.39

566 Daily Argus, Mount Vernon, NY, March 27, 1925, p.10 633 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 30, 1926, p.05

567 Daily Argus, Mount Vernon, NY, March 30, 1925, p.02 634 Variety, October 06, 1926, p.36

568 New York Telegram, May 29, 1925, p.13 635 Variety, October 06, 1926, p.56

569 Variety, March 18, 1925, p.45 636 Variety, October 06, 1926, p.82

570 Variety, March 25, 1925, p.42 637 Variety, January 12, 1927, p.45

571 Variety, April 01, 1925, p.42 638 Daily Argus, Mount Vernon, N.Y., December 11, 1926, p.10

572 Variety, April 08, 1925, p.45 639 Evening News, Albany, NY, April 28, 1927, p.11

573 Variety, April 15, 1925, p.40 640 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, NY, October 18, 1927, p. 12A

574 Variety, April 22, 1925, p.37 641 Brooklyn Standard Union, NY, October 16, 1927, p.11

575 Variety, April 29, 1925, p.41 642 Buffalo Courier-Express, January 24, 1928, p.05

576 Variety, May 06, 1925, p.50 643 Albany Evening News, October 22, 1929, p. ??

577 Variety, May 13, 1925, p.40 644 Albany Times-Union, October 22, 1929, p.16

578 Variety, May 20, 1925, p.50 645 Daily Argus, Mount Vernon NY, June 26, 1930, p.04

579 Variety, May 27, 1925, p.46 646 Philadelphia Inquirer, July 23, 1930, p.14

580 Variety, June 03, 1925, p.36 647 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, July 30, 1930, p.20

581 Variety, June 10, 1925, p.40 648 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, August 06, 1930, p.21

582 Variety, June 17, 1925, p.42 649 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, August 13, 1930, p.20

583 Variety, June 24, 1925, p.86 650 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, August 20, 1930, p.06

584 Variety, July 01, 1925, p.36 651 Daily Argus, Mount Vernon NY, August 27, 1930, p.??

585 Variety, July 08, 1925, p.45 652 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 03, 1930, p.13

586 Variety, July 15, 1925, p.40 653 Daily Argus, Mount Vernon NY, May 01, 1931, p.06

587 Variety, July 22, 1925, p.34 654 Nassau Daily Review, May 18, 1931, p.07

588 Variety, July 29, 1925, p.40 655 Jamestown Evening Journal, July 21, 1933, p.09

589 Variety, August 05, 1925, p.34 656 Buffalo Courier Express, July 28, 1933, p.14

590 Variety, August 12, 1925, p.37 657 Elmira Star-Gazette, August 18, 1933, p.10

591 Variety, August 19, 1925, p.41 658 Elmira Star-Gazette, August 25, 1933, p.08

659 Letter from Phil Napoleon to Nick La Rocca, August 21, 1958, p.01 722 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.13,

660 Buffalo Courier Express, December 08, 1964, p.14 Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961

661 Miami News, November 29, 1964, p.06 723 Billboard, September 25, 1920, p.62

662 Variety, August 10, 1917, p.14 724 The Gazette, Montreal, November 26, 1920, p.13

663 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, June 09, 1918, p.22 725 New York Clipper, February 09, 1921, p.17

664 Variety, May 09, 1919, p.17 726 New York Clipper, December 29, 1920, p.17

665 Variety, June 13, 1919, p.17 727 New York Clipper, February 09, 1921, p.34

666 New York Clipper, July 02, 1919, p.15 728 New York Clipper, February 16, 1921, p.17

667 Variety, May 04, 1917, p.14 729 New York Clipper, March 02, 1921, p.17

668 Variety, November 23, 1917, p.08 730 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.154,

669 Variety, August 30, 1918, p.09 Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961

670 New York Clipper, September 25, 1918, p.21 731 Record Research 15 (October-November 1957), p.11

671 Variety, October 11, 1918, p.42 [press clip from 10/1921, with no source cited – but see 1565]

672 New York Herald, November 10, 1918, p.08 732 Variety, June 03, 1921, p.27

673 New York Evening Telegram, November 10, 1918, p.11 733 New York Clipper, June 15, 1921, p.25

674 New York Clipper, November 13, 1918, p.21 734 New York Clipper, July 06, 1921, p.20

675 New York Evening Telegram, November 24, 1918, p.10 735 New York Clipper, July 20, 1921, p.16

676 New York Clipper, November 27, 1918, p.21 736 New York Clipper, August 24, 1921, p.25

677 New York Call, December 16, 1918, p.?? 737 Brooklyn Standard Union, August 26, 1921, p.10

678 New York Clipper, January 01, 1919, p.31 738 New York Herald, March 03, 1919, Part 2, p.04

679 New York Clipper, January 15, 1919, p.19 739 Mark Berresford, liner notes to Timeless CBC 1-077, ‘The

680 Variety, March 21, 1919, p.22 Complete Ladd’s Black Aces’, 2002

681 Jay Robert Nash: The Great Pictorial History Of World Crime, 740 Record Research 25, p.07

Vol.2, p.497 Rowman & Littlefield, London, 2004 741 IAJRC Journal Vol.25, No.01, p.03

682 The International Musician, October 1918, p.16 742 Jim Moynahan: Cream of the White Clarinets, in: booklet

683 The International Musician, July 1919, p.04 of the Discographical Society, London 1947, p.04

684 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, June 03, 1917, p.02 743 Talking Machine World, Sept. 15, 1921, p.167

685 New York Clipper, May 05, 1920, p.21 744 Bob Morris: Busiest band in the Land, in The Second Line,

686 NY Dramatic Mirror, May 08, 1920, p.963 42/3 (Summer 1990), p.11

687 Variety, May 07, 1920, p.?? 745 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.40,

688 Billboard, May 08, 1920, p. 42 Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961

689 Pacific Coast Musical Review, San Francisco, May 08, 1920, p.09 746 Long Island Daily Press, November 04, 1921, p.14

690 San Francisco Chronicle, May 09, 1920, p.05 747 Talking Machine World, Sept. 15, 1921, p.168

691 Billboard, May 15, 1920, p. 42 748 Talking Machine World, Oct. 15, 1921, p.24 (October list)

692 Roy Fox: The Roy Fox Story, Frewin Publishers, London, 1975 749 Talking Machine World, Oct. 15, 1921, p.179

693 New York Clipper, November 10, 1920, p.08 750 Talking Machine World, Oct. 15, 1921, p.180

694 New York Clipper, November 24, 1920, p.11 751 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.163,

695 New York Clipper, November 24, 1920, p.32 Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961

696 New York Clipper, December 08, 1920, p.11 752 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.165,

697 New York Clipper, December 15, 1920, p.21 Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961

698 Mt. Vernon, NY Daily Argus, December 30, 1920, p.13 753 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band,

pp.165/166, Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961

699 Mt. Vernon, NY Daily Argus, December 31, 1920, p.06

700 New York Tribune, March 01, 1921, p.08 754 New York Clipper, March 01, 1922, p.24

701 New York Evening Telegram, March 01, 1921, p.17 755 Record Research 25, p.06

702 Billboard, March 12, 1921, p.28 756 William R. Bryant: Bell and Arto Records, p.32,

703 New York Dramatic Mirror, April 02, 1921, p.577 Mainspring Press, 2014

704 New York Clipper, April 27, 1921 p.16 757 The Daily Star, Brooklyn, N.Y., May 10, 1922, p.12

705 New York Clipper, November 23, 1921, p.15 758 Philadelphia Inquirer, November 08, 1947, p.16

706 New York Dramatic Mirror, November 26, 1921, p.767 759 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, May 27, 1922, p.24

707 Variety, June 03, 1921, p.27 760 New York Clipper, June 07, 1922, p.32

708 Variety, March 22, 1922, p.26 761 Billboard, November 11, 1922, p.13

709 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, April 09, 1922, p.08 C 762 Billboard, June 10, 1922, p.67

710 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.175, 763 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.176,

Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961 Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961

711 Variety, April 21, 1922, p.07 764 Billboard, June 24, 1922, p.52

712 Yonkers, NY, Statesman, November 17, 1923, p.12 765 Brooklyn Standard Union, July 15, 1922, p.06

713 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 04, 1925, p.04 E 766 New York Daily Star, July 15, 1922, p.12

714 Buffalo Evening News, April 28, 1925, p.20 767 Brooklyn Standard Union, July 16, 1922, p.05

715 New York Clipper, September 17, 1919, p.07 768 Brooklyn Standard Union, July 23, 1922, p.05

716 Brooklyn Standard Union, May 31, 1925, p.13 769 New York Clipper, July 26, 1922, p.28

717 Brooklyn Standard Union, January 10, 1926, p.13 770 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, July 26, 1922, p. ??

718 Variety, June 11, 1920, p.29 771 Brooklyn Standard Union, July 30, 1922, p.07

719 Billboard, June 12, 1920, p.63 772 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, July 30, 1922, p.06 C

720 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.140, 773 Brooklyn Standard Union, August 06, 1922, p.05

Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961 774 Brooklyn Standard Union, August 20, 1922, p.07

721 Nick La Rocca interview by Richard B. Allen, June 02, 1958, reel I. 775 Brooklyn Standard Union, August 27, 1922, p.07

Hogan Archive, Tulane University, New Orleans. 776 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 03, 1922, p.07

777 IAJRC Journal Vol.25, No.01, p.04 843 New York Sun, May 09, 1920, p.07

778 New York Times, January 11, 1923, p.34 844 New York Sun, May 16, 1920, p.07 779 New York Times, August 15, 1925, p.18 845 New York Evening Telegram, April 24, 1920, p.10 780 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 17, 1922, p.04 846 New York Evening Telegram, March 20, 1920, p.10 781 Billboard, November 11, 1922, p.13 847 New York Evening Telegram, March 21, 1920, p.15 782 Brooklyn Daily Star, October 21, 1922, p.10 848 New York Evening Telegram, September 07, 1920, p.12 783 New York Clipper, October 25, 1922, p.28 849 New York Evening Telegram, September 19, 1920, p.12 784 Billboard, October 28, 1922, p.12 850 New York Evening Telegram, May 18, 1919, p.15 785 Brooklyn Daily Star, November 25, 1922, p.12 851 New York Evening Telegram, May 25, 1919, p.23 786 Brooklyn Daily Star, December 02, 1922, p.10 852 New York Evening Telegram, September 11, 1919, p.22 787 New York Clipper, December 20, 1922, p.96 853 New York Evening Telegram, September 09, 1919, p.19 788 New York Clipper, March 28, 1923, p.04 854 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, May 08, 1920, p.07 789 New York Clipper, April 04, 1923, p.28 855 New York Clipper, April 28, 1920, p.17 790 New York Clipper, May 09, 1923, p.18 856 Variety, May 23, 1919, p.17 791 Richard M. Sudhalter: Lost Chords, p.766, note 19, 857 Variety, September 12, 1919, p.07 Oxford University Press, New York, 1999 858 New York Sun, May 21, 1919, p.04 792 Yonkers NY Statesman And News, January 17, 1922, p.05 859 New York Sun, September 18, 1920, p.10 793 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.188, 860 New York Sun, September 19, 1920, p.09 Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961 861 The Moving Picture World, February 07, 1920, p.914 794 H.O. Brunn: The Story of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, p.121, 862 Motion Picture News, September 19, 1925, p.1389 Sidwick & Jackson, London, 1961 863 Variety, March 01, 1923, p.03 795 Storyville 102, p.211 864 New York Clipper, March 07, 1923, p.15 796 Storyville 67, p.18 865 The Reading Eagle, October 09, 1925, p.29 797 New York Clipper, November 09, 1923, p.24 866 Variety, September 23, 1925, p.42 798 New York Clipper, November 23, 1923, p.20 867 Variety, September 30, 1925, p.47 799 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, June 19, 1922, p.10 868 Variety, April 04, 1919, p.48 800 Brooklyn Standard Union, May 09, 1924, p.?? 869 Billboard, April 12, 1919, p.06 801 Brooklyn Standard Union, July 06, 1924, p.10 870 The Delmarvia Star, Wilmington, Delaware, July 01, 1923, p.16 802 Brooklyn Standard Union, July 27, 1924, p.16 871 The Daily Princetonian, Princeton, N.J., May 01, 1925, p.01 803 Brooklyn NY Daily Star, December 08, 1923, p.14 872 Cornell, NY, Daily Sun, December 20, 1923, p.07 804 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 27, 1925, p. A 20 873 B’nai B’rith Messenger, Los Angeles, May 28, 1920, p.07 805 Daily Star, Queens Borough, August 02, 1926, p.04 874 WWI draft card of Bernard Berendsohn, June 05, 1917 806 Brooklyn NY Daily Star, November 17, 1923, p.16 875 New York Sun, March 16, 1939, p.26 807 Variety, March 22, 1923, p.03 876 WWI draft card of Irving Milfred Mole, September 12, 1918 808 The Metronome Orchestra Monthly, June 1923, p.94 877 Variety, May 23, 1919, p.17 809 Journal and Republican and Lowville Times, July 22, 1926, p.01 878 Variety, November 08, 1918, p.35 810 Albany NY Evening News, April 28, 1927, p.11 879 Variety, November 15, 1918, p.43 811 New York Times, May 28, 1926, p.24 880 Variety, November 22, 1918, p.27 812 Brooklyn Standard Union, December 28, 1919, p.04 881 Variety, November 29, 1918, p.35 813 Syracuse NY Journal, Sunday, December 18, 1927, p.09 882 Variety, December 27, 1918, p.157 814 Telegram from impresario W.F. Mitchell to La Rocca, Aug.31, 1920 883 South Side Observer And Nassau Post, November 22, 1918, p.11 815 Music Trade Review, September 15, 1923, p.57 884 Geneva NY Daily Times, July 21, 1925, p.07 816 Music Trade Review, May 19, 1923, p.50 885 Utica NY Observer Dispatch, July 02, 1925, p.04 817 Music Trade Review, April 21, 1923, p.50 886 Auburn Citizen, July 21, 1925, p.05 818 Music Trade Review, April 28, 1923, p.25 887 New York Clipper, May 11, 1921, p.18 819 Gene Anderson: The Genesis of King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band, 888 New York Clipper, April 19, 1922, p.28 in: American Music, Fall 1994, University of Illinois Press 889 Mark Berresford, liner notes to Retrieval RTR 79044, ‘The Original 820 Letter from Robert Simon (proprietor of the Martinique Hotel in Memphis Five – Pathe Instrumentals’, 2004 Atlantic City) to Nick la Rocca, March 10, 1919 Hogan Arch., Tulane U. 890 The Wasp, San Francisco, May 15, 1920, p.16 821 New York Evening Post Saturday Magazine, April 28, 1917, p.19 891 Record Research 11 (January/February 1957), p.07 822 New York Herald, June 22, 1919, Fourth Section, p.04 892 Variety, July 09, 1930, p.59 823 New York Herald, November 02, 1919, p.15 893 death certificate of Bernhard Berendsohn 824 New York City ‘Official Metropolitan Guide’, 894 Radio Digest, November 21, 1925, p.14

week of April 23, 1922, p.49 895 Radio Digest, November 28, 1925, p.14 825 New York Evening Telegram, September 16, 1919, p.20 896 Radio Digest, December 12, 1925, p.14 826 Ed Kirkeby interview by John Steiner, June 28, 1961. Hogan Archive, 897 Radio Digest, December 26, 1925, p.15 Tulane University, New Orleans. 898 Radio Digest, January 09, 1926, p.14 827 Shapiro & Hentoff: Hear Me Talkin’ To Ya, p.274, Dover Publications, 1955 899 Radio Digest, January 16, 1926, p.14 828 Variety, June 11, 1920, p.06 900 Swing Music, December 1939 829 Variety, April 04, 1919, p.07 901 Sandor Demlinger & John Steiner: Destination Chicago Jazz, 830 Variety, May 16, 1919, p.05 p. 128, Arcadia Publishing, 2003 831 Variety, May 30, 1919, p.10 902 Brooklyn Life, September 15, 1923, p.14 832 Variety, May 16, 1919, p.10 903 Brooklyn Life, September 29, 1923, p.14 833 Variety, June 06, 1919, p.05 904 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, April 26, 1920, p.16 834 Variety, July 04, 1919, p.10 905 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 22, 1918, p.14 835 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, June 29, 1919, p.06 906 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 25, 1919, p.05 836 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, May 30, 1920, p.05 907 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 22, 1919, p.07 837 Brooklyn Standard Union, August 22, 1920, p.06 908 New York Clipper, September 24, 1919, p.25 838 Billboard, February 15, 1919, p.16 909 Variety, September 12, 1919, p.07 839 John Chilton: Sidney Bechet, The Wizard Of Jazz, p.34, Oxford University 910 NY Morning Telegraph, December 03, 1922, p.01 Press, 1987 911 Brooklyn Standard Union, November 28, 1925, p.03 840 New York Dramatic Mirror, September 25, 1919, p.1507 912 New York Times, September 06, 1925, p.04 841 New York Sun, September 19, 1920, p.09 913 Syracuse NY Journal, December 21, 1927, p.04

914 Brooklyn Daily Star, April 07, 1923, p.12 994 Variety, December 31, 1924, p.143 915 Utica Observer Dispatch, March 08, 1924, p.09 995 Variety, January 07, 1925, p.13 916 Variety, March 17, 1926, p.43 996 Variety, January 14, 1925, p.11 917 Radio Digest, November 21, 1925, p.13 997 Variety, January 14, 1925, p.13 918 Radio Digest, August 22, 1925, p.08 998 Variety, January 21, 1925, p.15 919 Radio Digest, August 22, 1925, p.11 999 Variety, January 28, 1925, p.13 920 Radio Digest, June 06, 1925, p.08 1000 Variety, February 04, 1925, p.11 921 Radio Digest, June 06, 1925, p.10 1001 Variety, February 11, 1925, p.13 922 Radio Digest, June 20, 1925, p.11 1002 Variety, February 18, 1925, p.11 923 Radio Digest, July 18, 1925, p.12 1003 The Times-Picayune, New Orleans, February 23, 1925 924 Variety, January 20, 1926, p.06 1004 The Times-Picayune, New Orleans, February 24, 1925 925 Orchestra World, November 1925, p.02 1005 The Times-Picayune, New Orleans, February 25, 1925 926 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, April 10, 1932, p. E08 1006 The Times-Picayune, New Orleans, February 26, 1925 927 The Metronome Orchestra Monthly, March 1922, p.89 1007 The Times-Picayune, New Orleans, February 27, 1925 928 The Metronome Orchestra Monthly, December 1922, p.82 1008 The Times-Picayune, New Orleans, February 28, 1925 929 Beacon NY Daily Herald, September 17, 1920, p.?? 1009 Variety, February 25, 1925, p.11 930 Beacon NY Daily Herald, September 18, 1920, p.?? 1010 Variety, March 04, 1925, p.15 931 Beacon NY Daily Herald, September 25, 1920, p.?? 1011 The Oshkosh, WI, Northwestern, March 13, 1925, p.19 932 Beacon NY Daily Herald, September 29, 1920, p.?? 1012 The Oshkosh, WI, Northwestern, March 14, 1925, p.10 933 Beacon NY Daily Herald, October 01, 1920, p.01 1013 Variety, March 11, 1925, p.17 934 Beacon NY Daily Herald, October 01, 1920, p.03 1014 Variety, March 18, 1925, p.15 935 Beacon NY Daily Herald, October 06, 1920, p.?? 1015 Chicago Daily Tribune, March 22, 1925, p.66 936 Beacon NY Daily Herald, October 06, 1920, p.?? (2nd clipping) 1016 Chicago Daily Tribune, March 24, 1925, p.27 937 Beacon NY Daily Herald, October 08, 1920, p.?? 1017 Chicago Daily Tribune, March 29, 1925, p.76 938 Beacon NY Daily Herald, October 08, 1920, p.?? (2nd clipping) 1018 Variety, March 25, 1925, p.13 939 The Metronome Orchestra Monthly, March 1923, p.77 1019 Variety, April 01, 1925, p.13 940 The Metronome Orchestra Monthly, June 1923, p.96 1020 Variety, April 08, 1925, p.13 941 The Metronome, March 15, 1926, p.46 1021 Variety, April 15, 1925, p.13 942 The Metronome, November 15, 1926, p.18 1022 Variety, April 22, 1925, p.13 943 The Metronome, December 15, 1926, p.32 1023 Variety, April 29, 1925, p.13 944 Orchestra World, October 1928, p.07 1024 Variety, May 06, 1925, p.17 945 Variety, August 22, 1919, p.02 1025 Variety, May 13, 1925, p.13 946 Motion Picture News, September 19, 1925, p.1389 1026 Variety, May 20, 1925, p.39 947 Cap’n Joey’s Jazza-Ka-Jazza, March 1923, p.32 1027 Variety, May 27, 1925, p.39 948 letter from Robert Simon (manager of the Martinique Hotel, Atlantic 1028 Variety, January 13, 1926, p.16

City) to Nick La Rocca, March 14, 1919 1029 Billboard, January 03, 1948, p.42 949 letter from Nick La Rocca to Robert Simon, March 19, 1919 1030 The Independent, Kansas City, March 06, 1920, p.01 950 Billboard, December 27, 1919, p.08 1031 The Independent, Kansas City, March 06, 1920, p.02 951 Philadelphia Inquirer, July 28, 1944, p.08 1032 The Independent, Kansas City, March 06, 1920, p.10 952 New York Times, December 13, 1922, p.28 1033 The Argonaut, San Francisco, May 01, 1920, p.283 953 New York Times, December 15, 1922, p.26 1034 Variety, March 04, 1925, p.52 954 New York Times, December 16, 1922, p.18 1035 Variety, January 27, 1922, p.24 955 Bricknell, IN, Daily News, November 09, 1921, p.08 1036 Variety, December 03, 1920, p.20 956 Presto, October 20, 1923, p.24 1037 Variety, March 17, 1926, p.14 957 Music Trade Review, October 01, 1921, p.37 1038 Vancouver Daily Sun, April 13, 1920, p.07 958 Music Trade Review, August 28, 1920, p.58 1039 Calgary Daily Herald, April 06, 1920, p.18 959 Variety, January 16, 1920, p.22 1040 Boston Globe, July 01, 1930, p.29 960 Pittsburgh Press, February 10, 1920, p.06 1041 Washington Post, July 23, 1930, p.09 961 Des Moines Register, March 14, 1920, p.29 1042 Washington Post, July 01, 1930, p.09 962 Des Moines News, March 18, 1920, p.07 1043 Washington Post, July 30, 1930, p.08 963 Minneapolis Star Tribune, March 22, 1920, p.07 1044 Washington Post, August 06, 1930, p.10 964 Minneapolis Star Tribune, March 22, 1920, p.09 1045 Washington Post, August 13, 1930, p.10 965 Minneapolis Star Tribune, March 26, 1920, p.21 1046 Washington Post, September 03, 1930, p.10 966 Winnipeg Tribune, March 30, 1920, p.08 1047 Los Angeles Sunday Times, June 20, 1920, Part VI, p.02 967 Kansas City Times, March 06, 1920, p.36 1048 Washington Post, January 22, 1925, p.11 968 Kansas City Times, March 09, 1920, p.05 1049 Washington Post, January 25, 1925, p.12 969 Kansas City Times, March 11, 1920, p.07 1050 Washington Post, January 26, 1925, p.09 970 Kansas City Times, March 11, 1920, p.25 1051 The Constitution, Atlanta, Ga., February 01, 1925, p.07 971 Kansas City Times, March 12, 1920, p.14 1052 Boston Globe, March 08, 1926, p.15 972 Vancouver Daily World, April 14, 1920, p.07 1053 Boston Globe, March 10, 1926, p.14 973 Vancouver Daily World, April 15, 1920, p.07 1054 Boston Globe, March 11, 1926, p.13 974 Vancouver Daily World, April 16, 1920, p.07 1055 Boston Globe, March 11, 1926, p.15 975 Baltimore Sun, February 01, 1920, p.27 1056 Washington Post, January 04, 1920, p.04 976 Baltimore Sun, February 02, 1920, p.16 1057 Baltimore Sun, February 01, 1920, p.27 977 Baltimore Sun, February 03, 1920, p.07 1058 Baltimore Sun, February 02, 1920, p.16 978 Baltimore Sun, February 04, 1920, p.22 1059 Baltimore Sun, February 03, 1920, p.07 979 Oregon Daily Journal, April 24, 1920, p.06 1060 Pittsburgh Daily Post, February 10, 1920, p.06 980 Oregon Daily Journal, April 25, 1920, p.51 1061 The Frater, November, 1916, p.47 981 Oregon Daily Journal, April 25, 1920, p.53 1062 Northw. University Bulletin, Evanston, IL, April 07, 1917, p.56 982 Oregon Daily Journal, April 26, 1920, p.09 1063 The Frater, November 1919, p.25 983 Oregon Daily Journal, April 27, 1920, p.10 1064 The International Musician, September 1920, p.17 984 Oregon Daily Journal, April 28, 1920, p.10 1065 The International Musician, December 1921, p.11 985 Oakland Tribune, May 17, 1920, p.11 1066 The International Musician, August 1920, p.15 986 San Francisco Chronicle, May 04, 1920, p.14 1067 The International Musician, October 1920, p.10

987 San Francisco Chronicle, May 06, 1920, p.14 1068 The International Musician, February 1921, p.18 988 San Francisco Chronicle, May 07, 1920, p.07 1069 The International Musician, March 1921, p.22 989 San Francisco Chronicle, May 08, 1920, p.07 1070 The International Musician, April 1921, p.21 990 Variety, January 13, 1926, p.14 1072 The International Musician, June 1921, p.09 991 Echoes of Vaudeville and Minstrelsy in the Music of Uncle Dave Macon, 1073 New York Times, December 13, 1922, p.28 by Eric Neil Hermann, Dissertation, University of Maryland, 2016, p.116 1074 New York Times, December 15, 1922, p.26 992 Variety, December 10, 1924, p.13 1075 New York Times, December 16, 1922, p.18 993 Variety, December 17, 1924, p.15 1076 Wilmington, DE, News Journal, April 02, 1923, p.09

1077 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, May 26, 1923, p.06 1154 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, April 02, 1925, p.14 1078 Pittsburgh, PA, Press, June 03, 1923, p.39 1155 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, April 03, 1925, p.16 1079 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, August 01, 1923, p.09 1156 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, April 04, 1925, p.12 1080 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times-Leader, August 02, 1923, p.02 1157 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, April 02, 1925, p.20 1081 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times-Leader, August 04, 1923, p.13 1158 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, April 03, 1925, p.26 1082 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, August 09, 1923, p.02 1159 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, April 04, 1925, p.18 1083 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, August 10, 1923, p.02 1160 Reading, PA, Times, April 06, 1925, p.05 1084 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, August 10, 1923, p.14 1161 Reading, PA, Times, April 06, 1925, p.19 1085 Scranton, PA, Republican, August 11, 1923, p.11 1162 Reading, PA, Times, April 06, 1925, p.28 1086 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, August 11,1923, p.06 1163 Reading, PA, Times, April 06, 1925, p.18 1087 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, August 13, 1923, p.02 1164 Altoona, PA, Tribune, April 08, 1925, p.11 1088 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, August 13, 1923, p.02 1165 Altoona, PA, Tribune, April 09, 1925, p.08 1089 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Sunday Independent, August 12, 1923, p.04 1166 Altoona, PA, Tribune, April 10, 1925, p.13 1090 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, August 13,1923, p.09 1167 Altoona, PA, Tribune, April 09, 1925, p.04 1091 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, August 13, 1923, p.12 1168 Altoona, PA, Tribune, April 11, 1925, p.20 1092 Wilmington, DE, News Journal, September 01, 1923, p.05 1169 Reading, PA, Times, April 11, 1925, p.03 1093 The Metronome Orchestra Monthly, September 1923, p.86 1170 Altoona, PA, Mirror, April 13, 1925, p.13 1094 Bismarck, ND, Tribune, November 03, 1923, p.06 1171 Altoona, PA, Tribune, April 14, 1925, p.10 1095 Wilmington, DE, News Journal, November 15, 1923, p.03 1172 Altoona, PA, Tribune, April 14, 1925, p.11 1096 Chicago Daily Tribune, November 14, 1924, p.18 1173 Altoona, PA, Tribune, April 14, 1925, p.14 1097 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, December 21, 1924, p.64 1174 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, April 15, 1925, p.02 1098 St. Louis, MO, Post-Dispatch, January 30, 1925, p.03 1175 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, April 16, 1925, p.02 1099 The Metronome, March 01, 1925, p.60 1176 Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, April 17, 1925, p.02 1100 Reading, PA, Times, March 05, 1925, p.07 1177 Reading, PA, Times, April 17, 1925, p.15 1101 Reading, PA, Times, March 07, 1925, p.08 1178 Reading, PA, Times, April 20, 1925, p.02 1102 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 07, 1925, p.19 1179 Reading, PA, Times, April 18, 1925, p.05 1103 Reading, PA, Times, March 09, 1925, p.07 1180 Tyrone, PA Daily Herald, April 14, 1925, p.04 1104 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, March 09, 1925, p.04 1181 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, April 15, 1925, p.04 1105 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, March 09, 1925, p.06 1182 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, April 22, 1925, p.02 1106 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, March 09, 1925, p.20 1183 Clearfield, PA, Progress, April 21, 1925, p.08 1107 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 10, 1925, p.04 1184 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, April 21, 1925, p.05 1108 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, March 10, 1925, p.16 1185 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, April 22, 1925, p.05 1109 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 10, 1925, p.16 1186 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, April 24, 1925, p.16 1110 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, March 12, 1925, p.02 1187 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, April 25, 1925, p.16 1111 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, March 11, 1925, p.02 1188 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, April 24, 1925, p.30 1112 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, March 12, 1925, p.02 1189 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, April 25, 1925, p.18 1113 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, March 11, 1925, p.02 1190 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 04, 1925, p.09 1114 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, March 12, 1925, p.02 1191 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 04, 1925, p.16 1115 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, March 11, 1925, p.30 1192 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, May 04, 1925, p.02 1116 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, March 12, 1925, p.03 1193 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, May 06, 1925, p.01 1117 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, March 13, 1925, p.14 1194 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, May 07, 1925, p.02 1118 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, March 11, 1925, p.05 1195 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, May 08, 1925, p.02 1119 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, March 13, 1925, p.03 1196 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, May 06, 1925, p.02 1120 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, March 12, 1925, p.05 1197 Nashua, NH, Telegraph, May 07, 1925, p.11 1121 The Metronome, March 15, 1925, p.62 1198 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 12, 1925, p.11 1122 Reading, PA, Times, March 16, 1925, p.16 1199 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 14, 1925, p.14 1123 Reading, PA, Times, March 21, 1925, p.09 1200 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 14, 1925, p.22 1124 Reading, PA, Times, March 23, 1925, p.05 1201 Lebanon, PA, Daily News, May 15, 1925, p.06 1124 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, March 23, 1925, p.18 1202 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 18, 1925, p.05 1125 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 23, 1925, p.16 1203 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 19, 1925, p.08 1126 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, March 24, 1925, p.04 1204 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, May 19, 1925, p.09 1127 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, March 24, 1925, p.06 1205 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 23, 1925, p.16 1128 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, March 24, 1925, p.03 1206 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 25, 1925, p.16 1129 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, March 25, 1925, p.03 1207 Lowell, MA, Sun, May 26, 1925, p.13 1130 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, March 25, p.08 1208 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, May 27, 1925, p.01 1131 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 25, 1925, p.18 1209 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, May 28, 1925, p.01 1132 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, March 25, 1925, p.12 1210 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, May 27, 1925, p.04 1133 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, March 26, 1925, p.18 1211 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, May 27, 1925, p.02 1134 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, March 27, 1925, p.16 1212 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, May 28, 1925, p.16 1135 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, March 28, 1925, p.12 1213 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, May 29, 1925, p.08 1136 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, March 30, 1925, p.14 1214 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, May 28, 1925, p.01 1137 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, March 31, 1925, p.16 1215 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, May 29, 1925, p.01 1138 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, April 01, 1925, p.16 1216 Mount Carmel, PA, Item, May 28, 1925, p.02 1139 Harrisburg, PA, Telegraph, April 02, 1925, p.14 1217 Mount Carmel, PA, Item, May 29, 1925, p.11 1140 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 26, 1925, p.20 1218 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, May 28, 1925, p.01

1141 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 27, 1925, p.26 1219 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, May 29, 1925, p.01 1142 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 28, 1925, p.19 1220 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, June 01, 1925, p.01 1143 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 30, 1925, p.16 1221 Mount Carmel, PA, June 02, 1925, p.01 1144 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, March 31, 1925, p.16 1222 Mount Carmel, PA, June 03, 1925, p.01 1145 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, April 01, 1925, p.22 1223 Mount Carmel, PA, June 04, 1925, p.01 1146 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, April 02, 1925, p.20 1224 Mount Carmel, PA, June 05, 1925, p.01 1147 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, March 25, 1925, p.06 1225 Mount Carmel, PA, June 06, 1925, p.01 1148 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, March 26, 1925, p.09 1226 Lebanon, PA, Daily News, June 02, 1925, p.01 1149 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, March 26, 1925, p.08 1227 Lebanon, PA, Daily News, June 04, 1925, p.02 1150 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, March 24, 1925, p.08 1228 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, June 05, 1925, p.05 1151 New Oxford, PA, Item, March 26, 1925, p.26 1229 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, June 06, 1925, p.04 1152 Reading, PA, Times, March 30, 1925, p.05 1230 Altoona Tribune, PA, June 05, 1925, p.14 1153 Muncie, IN, Star Press, March 28, 1925, p.05 1231 Altoona Tribune, PA, June 08, 1925, p.14

1232 Altoona, PA, Tribune, June 09, 1925, p.16 1310 Canandaigua, NY, Daily Messenger, July 20, 1925, p.03 1233 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 09, 1925, p.05 1311 Canandaigua, NY, Daily Messenger, July 21, 1925, p.04 1234 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 06, 1925, p.22 1312 Canandaigua, NY, Daily Messenger, July 22, 1925, p.03 1235 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 08, 1925, p.30 1313 Altoona, PA, Mirror, July 22, 1925, p.36 1236 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 09, 1925, p.22 1314 Altoona, PA, Mirror, July 23, 1925, p.28 1237 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 08, 1925, p.04 1315 Altoona, PA, Tribune, July 23, 1925, p.16 1238 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 09, 1925, p.05 1316 Uniontown, PA, Morning Herald, July 23, 1925, p.01 1239 Clearfield, PA, Progress, June 09, 1925, p.07 1317 Uniontown, PA, Morning Herald, July 24, 1925, p.01 1240 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 11, 1925, p.22 1318 Uniontown, PA, Morning Herald, July 25, 1925, p.01 1241 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 12, 1925, p.28 1319 Connellsville, PA, Daily Courier, July 21, 1925, p.02 1242 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 13, 1925, p.44 1320 Connellsville, PA, Daily Courier, July 22, 1925, p.02 1243 Oil City, PA, Derrick, June 16, 1925, p.05 1321 Connellsville, PA, Daily Courier, July 23, 1925, p.02 1244 Oil City, PA, Derrick, June 17, 1925, p.05 1322 Connellsville, PA, Daily Courier, July 25, 1925, p.02 1245 Titusville, PA, Herald, June 17, 1925, p.06 1323 Akron, OH, Beacon Journal, August 18, 1925, p.19 1246 Franklin, PA, News Herald, June 17, 1925, p.01 1324 Akron, OH, Beacon Journal, August 22, 1925, p.02 1247 Oil City, PA, Derrick, June 17, 1925, p.07 1325 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, September 02, 1925, p.06 1248 Franklin, PA, News Herald, June 16, 1925, p.01 1326 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, September 05, 1925, p.02 1249 Franklin, PA, News Herald, June 17, 1925, p.12 1327 Orchestra World, September 1925, p.11 1250 Franklin, PA, News Herald, June 18, 1925, p.05 1328 Altoona, PA, Mirror, September 22, 1925, p.30 1251 Connellsville, PA, Daily Courier, June 16, 1925, p.02 1329 Altoona, PA, Mirror, September 23, 1925, p.28 1252 Connellsville, PA, Daily Courier, June 18, 1925, p.05 1330 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, Sept. 22, 1925, p.05 1253 Uniontown, PA, Morning Herald, June 18, 1925, p.01 1331 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, Sept. 23, 1925, p.07 1254 Uniontown, PA, Morning Herald, June 18, 1925, p.16 1332 Lebanon, PA, Daily News, September 29, 1925, p.05 1255 Uniontown, PA, Morning Herald, June 19, 1925, p.11 1333 Lebanon, PA, Daily News, October 08, 1925, p.02 1256 Uniontown, PA, Morning Herald, June 20, 1925, p.01 1334 New Oxford, PA, Item, October 15, 1925, p.08 1257 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, June 19, 1925, p.04 1335 Gettysburg, PA, Times, October 20, 1925, p.05 1258 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, June 20, 1925, p.08 1336 Gettysburg, PA, Times, October 21, 1925, p.06 1259 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 22, 1925, p.16 1337 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, October 20, 1925, p.02 1260 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 17, 1925, p.05 1338 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, October 20, 1925, p.03 1261 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 18, 1925, p.05 1339 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, October 21, 1925, p.03 1262 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 18, 1925, p.13 1340 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, October 22, 1925, p.04 1263 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 23, 1925, p.05 1341 The Metronome, November 01, 1925, p.53 1264 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 24, 1925, p.05 1342 Altoona, PA, Mirror, Thursday, October 29, 1925, p.24 1265 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, June 17, 1925, p.04 1343 Altoona, PA, Mirror, Thursday, October 30, 1925, p.27 1266 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, June 23, 1925, p.08 1344 Altoona, PA, Mirror, Thursday, October 30, 1925, p.40 1267 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 19, 1925, p.30 1345 Altoona, PA, Mirror, Thursday, October 31, 1925, p.18 1268 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 24, 1925, p.20 1346 Altoona, PA, Tribune, October 29, 1925, p. 09 1269 Altoona, PA, Tribune, June 23, 1925, p.16 1347 Altoona, PA, Tribune, October 29, 1925, p. 12 1270 Altoona, PA, Tribune, June 24, 1925, p.14 1348 Altoona, PA, Tribune, October 30, 1925, p. 14 1271 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 18, 1925, p.22 1349 Altoona, PA, Tribune, October 31, 1925, p. 10 1272 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 19, 1925, p.14 1350 Altoona, PA, Tribune, October 31, 1925, p. 16 1273 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 20, 1925, p.22 1351 Reading, PA, Times, November 14, 1925, p.08 1274 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 22, 1925, p.36 1352 Reading, PA, Times, December 28, 1925, p.09 1275 Altoona, PA, Tribune, June 19, 1925, p.14 1353 Reading, PA, Times, December 30, 1925, p.08 1276 Altoona, PA, Tribune, June 20, 1925, p.16 1354 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Evening News, January 01, 1926, p.01 1277 Altoona, PA, Tribune, June 22, 1925, p.14 1355 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Evening News, January 02, 1926, p.01 1278 Tyrone, PA, Daily Herald, June 22, 1925, p.08 1356 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Evening News, January 02, 1926, p.09 1279 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 25, 1925, p.14 1357 Clarion-Ledger, Jackson, Miss., November 27, 1925, p.07 1280 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 25, 1925, p.24 1358 Reading, PA, Times, January 07, 1926, p.05 1281 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 26, 1925, p.14 1359 Mansfield, OH, News, January 17, 1926, p.23 1282 Altoona, PA, Mirror, June 26, 1925, p.28 1360 Mansfield, OH, News, January 18, 1926, p.09 1283 Altoona, PA, Tribune, June 25, 1925, p.14 1361 Mansfield, OH, News, January 19, 1926, p.09 1284 Altoona, PA, Tribune, June 26, 1925, p.14 1362 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, May 07, 1926, p.07 1285 Lebanon, PA, Daily News, June 26, 1925, p.01 1363 Pittston, PA, Gazette, May 10, 1926, p.01 1286 Lebanon, PA, Daily News, June 27, 1925, p.01 1364 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, June 05, 1926, p.08 1287 Reading, PA, Times, June 29, 1925, p.06 1365 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, June 07, 1926, p.03 1288 Reading, PA, Times, June 30, 1925, p.07 1366 Huntingdon, PA, Daily News, June 08, 1926, p.05 1289 Reading, PA, Times, July, 01, 1925, p.07 1367 Newport, NH, Argus Champion, August 13, 1926, p.05 1290 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, June 30, 1925, p.02 1368 Terre Haute, IN, Saturday Spectator, November 27, 1926, p.45 1291 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, July 01, 1925, p.02 1369 Olean, NY, Times Herald, July 16, 1927, p.04

1292 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, July 02, 1925, p.02 1370 Reading, PA, Times, July 29, 1927, p.17 1293 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, July 03, 1925, p.02 1371 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, August 06, 1927, p.02 1294 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, July 01, 1925, p.02 1372 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, August 30, 1927, p.02 1295 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, July 02, 1925, p.02 1373 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, August 27, 1927, p.02 1296 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, July 01, 1925, p.01 1374 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, August 29, 1927, p.02 1297 Danville, PA, Morning News, July 02, 1925, p.01 1375 Fitchburg, MA, Sentinel, August 31, 1927, p.02 1298 Reading, PA, Times, July 06, 1925, p.08 1376 Variety, October 12, 1927, p.54 1299 Reading, PA, Times, July 07, 1925, p.07 1377 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, December 10, 1927, p.15 1300 Reading, PA, Times, July 08, 1925, p.07 1378 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, December 10, 1927, p.14 1301 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, July 07, 1925, p.01 1379 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, December 12, 1927, p.24 1302 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, July 08, 1925, p.01 1380 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, December 13, 1927, p.28 1303 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, July 09, 1925, p.01 1381 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, December 12, 1927, p.17 1304 Shamokin , PA, News-Dispatch, July 13, 1925, p.01 1382 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, December 13, 1927, p.18 1305 Reading, PA, Times, July 13, 1925, p.06 1383 Reading, PA, Times, December 14, 1927, p.27 1306 Reading, PA, Times, July 14, 1925, p.07 1384 Scranton, PA, Republican, December 15, 1927, p.24 1307 Danville, PA, Morning News, July 11, 1925, p.04 1385 Reading, PA, Times, December 16, 1927, p. 30 1308 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, July 14, 1925, p.02 1386 Reading, PA, Times, December 17, 1927, p. 23 1309 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, July 15, 1925, p.02 1387 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, December 17, 1927, p.31

1388 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, December 17, 1927, p.14 1443 Bruce Bastin: “Never Sell A Copyright”, p.60, Storyville Publications, 1990

1389 Reading, PA, Times, December 19, 1927, p.17 1444 Hartford, CT, Courant, September 29, 1930, p.06 1390 Scranton, PA, Republican, December 21, 1927, p.12 1445 Akron, OH, Beacon Journal, November 04, 1930, p.23 1391 Syracuse, NY, Journal, December 22, 1927, p.06 1446 Washington Post, November 15, 1930, p.10 1392 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, December 26, 1927, p.21 1447 New York Times, April 10, 1932, p. XX09 1393 Scranton, PA, Republican, December 26, 1927, p.14 1448 Orchestra World, October 1933, p.04 1394 Reading, PA, Times, December 26, 1927, p.17 1449 Orchestra World, January 1935, p.10 1395 Reading, PA, Times, December 27, 1927, p.15 1450 Pittsburgh, PA, Duquesne Duke, April 26, 1928, p.01 1396 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, January 05, 1928, p.01 1451 Pittsburgh, PA, Duquesne Duke, May 17, 1928, p.01 1397 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, January 06, 1928, p.01 1452 Pittsburgh, PA, Gazette Times, February 03, 1920, p.08 1398 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, January 05, 1928, p.27 1453 Pittsburgh Gazette Times, February 15, 1920, Sixth section, p.06 1399 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, January 09, 1928, p.11 1454 The Arrow, Pittsburgh, PA, February 15, 1928, p.11 1400 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, January 09, 1928, p.16 1455 The Gazette, Montreal, February 09, 1921, p.08 1401 Shamokin, PA, News-Dispatch, January 10, 1928, p.03 1456 The Gazette, Montreal, February 14, 1921, p.06 1402 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, January 10, 1928, p.17 1457 The Gazette, Montreal, March 02, 1921, p.11 1403 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, January 14, 1928, p.10 1458 The Gazette, Montreal, March 11, 1921, p.13 1404 Scranton, PA, Republican, January 12, 1928, p.12 1459 The Gazette, Montreal, March 16, 1921, p.11 1405 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, January 19, 1928, p.03 1460 The Gazette, Montreal, March 24, 1921, p.11 1406 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, January 20, 1928, p.04 1461 The Gazette, Montreal, March 25, 1921, p.11 1407 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, January 21, 1928, p.09 1462 Buffalo, NY, Evening News, January 23, 1928, p.14 1408 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, January 19, 1928, p.16 1463 Olean, NY, Times-Herald, March 24, 1942, p.09 1409 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, January 20, 1928, p.17 1464 Rochester, NY, Times Union, January 28, 1928, p.13 1410 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Evening News, January 19, 1928, p.12 1465 Rochester, NY, Times Union, January 30, 1928, p.32 1411 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Evening News, January 20, 1928, p.04 1466 Rochester, NY, Times Union, January 31, 1928, p.28 1412 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Evening News, January 21, 1928, p.07 1467 Rochester, NY, Times Union, February 01, 1928, p.32 1413 Reading, PA, Times, February 08, 1928, p.14 1468 Rochester, NY, Times Union, February 02, 1928, p.32 1414 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Record, February 06, 1928, p.20 1469 Rochester, NY, Times Union, February 03, 1928, p.36 1415 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, February 10, 1928, p.30 1470 Albany, NY, Times Union, October 22, 1929 1416 Canonsburg, PA, Daily Notes, February 11, 1928, p.01 1471 Albany, NY, Times Union, October 12, 1930, p. C-07 1417 Wilkes-Barre, PA, Times Leader, February 13, 1928, p.14 1472 Greenfield, MA, Recorder, July 27, 1927, p.03 1418 Binghamton, NY, Press and Sun-Bulletin, February 14, 1928, p.18 1473 Angola, NY, Record, January 19, 1928, p.04 1419 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, February 11, 1928, p.10 1474 Buffalo, NY, Courier Express, January 23, 1928, p.05 1420 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, February 13, 1928, p.22 1475 Buffalo, NY, Courier Express, January 21, 1928, p.13 1421 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, February 15, 1928, p.22 1476 Buffalo, NY, Courier Express, January 23, 1928, p.14 1422 Harrisburg, PA, Evening News, February 17, 1928, p.06 1477 Buffalo, NY, Courier Express, January 22, 1928, p.10 1423 Pittsburgh, PA, Press, March 08, 1928, p.30 1478 Buffalo, NY, Courier Express, January 24, 1928, p.05 1424 Pittsburgh, PA, Press, March 23, 1928, p.42 1479 Buffalo, NY, Courier Express, January 25, 1928, p.07 1425 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, March 29, 1928, p.03 1480 Buffalo, NY, Courier Express, January 27, 1928, p.15 1426 Hanover, PA, Evening Sun, March 30, 1928, p.03 1481 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 30, 1926, p.03 1427 Reading, PA, Times, April 02, 1928, p.10 1482 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, October 27, 1927, p.07 1428 Reading, PA, Times, April 02, 1928, p.11 1483 Brooklyn Standard Union, July 04, 1920, p.12 1429 Reading, PA, Times, April 03, 1928, p.15 1484 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, June 15, 1919, p.06 1430 Reading, PA, Times, April 04, 1928, p.09 1485 Buffalo, NY, Evening News, April 25, 1925, p.07 1431 Reading, PA, Times, April 14, 1928, p.23 1486 Variety, August 04, 1926, p.39 1432 Reading, PA, Times, April 13, 1928, p.20 1487 Variety, January 25, 1928, p.44 1433 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, April 13, 1928, p.01 1488 New York Morning Telegraph, November 04, 1923, p.05 1434 Mount Carmel98, PA, Daily News, April 13, 1928, p.08 1489 New York Morning Telegraph, September 28, 1919, p.16 1435 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, April 14, 1928, p.06 1490 New York Morning Telegraph, December 21, 1919, section 06, p05 1436 Mount Carmel, PA, Daily News, April 16, 1928, p.06 1491 New York Morning Telegraph, November 16, 1919, p.06 1437 Reading, PA, Times, May 01, 1928, p.12 1492 New York Morning Telegraph, November 16, 1919, section 06, p02 1438 Reading, PA, Times, May 03, 1928, p.12 1493 New York Morning Telegraph, November 23, 1919, section 06, p02 1439 Reading, PA, Times, May 04, 1928, p.20 1494 New York Morning Telegraph, November 25, 1919, p.05 1440 Reading, PA, Times, May 05, 1928, p.18 1495 New York Morning Telegraph, November 30, 1919, p.08 1441 Warren, PA, Times Mirror, July 11, 1929, p.06 1496 New York Morning Telegraph, November 23, 1919, p.08 1442 Vernon, TX, Daily Record, December 19, 1929, p.03 1497 New York Morning Telegraph, November 30, 1919, section 06, p02

1498 New York Morning Telegraph, December 07, 1919, section 06, p.02 1571 New York Morning Telegraph, March 27, 1921, section 04, p.06 1499 New York Morning Telegraph, December 09, 1919, p.07 1572 New York Morning Telegraph, May 08, 1921, main sect. part 2,p.10 1500 New York Morning Telegraph, December 14, 1919, p.08 1573 New York Morning Telegraph, May 15, 1921, main sect. part 2,p.10 1501 New York Morning Telegraph, December 21, 1919, p.09 1574 New York Morning Telegraph, May 22, 1921, main sect. part 2,p.12 1502 New York Morning Telegraph, December 21, 1919, section 06, p.01 1575 New York Morning Telegraph, May 29, 1921, main sect. part 2,p.10 1503 New York Morning Telegraph, December 28, 1919, p.08^ 1576 New York Morning Telegraph, Aug.14, 1921, main sect. part 2,p.08 1504 New York Morning Telegraph, December 28, 1919, section 06, p.02 1577 New York Morning Telegraph, Aug.21, 1921. main sect. part 2,p.08 1505 New York Morning Telegraph, January 11, 1920, section 04, p.02 1578 New York Morning Telegraph, Aug.28, 1921, main sect. part 2,p.08 1506 New York Morning Telegraph, January 18, 1920, p.06 1579 New York Morning Telegraph, Sept04, 1921, main sect. part 2,p.14 1507 New York Morning Telegraph, January 18, 1920, section 04, p.02 1580 New York Morning Telegraph, Oct. 10, 1921, main sect. part 2,p.10 1508 New York Morning Telegraph, January 25, 1920, p.18 1581 New York Morning Telegraph, Dec. 04, 1921, section 03 ,p.04 1509 New York Morning Telegraph, April 25, 1920, main section part 02, p.14 1582 New York Morning Telegraph, July 20, 1924, section 04, p.11 1510 New York Morning Telegraph, April 26, 1920, p.14 1583 NY Morning Telegraph, Dec. 28, 1924, Sunday Magazine, p.11 1511 New York Morning Telegraph, May 02, 1920, section 04, p.06 1584 Jacobs’ Band Monthly, October 1923, p.21/22 1511 New York Morning Telegraph, May 09, 1920, section 04, p.05 1585 Jacobs’ Band Monthly, February 1925, p.72 1512 New York Morning Telegraph, May 13, 1920, p.06 1586 Jacobs’ Band Monthly, May 1927, p.02 1513 New York Morning Telegraph, May 16, 1920, p.09 1587 New York Morning Telegraph, April 01, 1924, p.05 1514 New York Morning Telegraph, May 18, 1920, p.05 1588 New York Morning Telegraph, May 04, 1924, section 04, p.08 1515 Billboard, February 10, 1923, p.71 1589 NY Morning Telegraph, May 18, 1924, main section part 02, p.08 1516 Billboard, February 17, 1923, p.20 1590 NY Morning Telegraph, June 01, 1924, main section part 02, p.08 1517 Billboard, May 12, 1923, p.22 1591 New York Amsterdam News, October 28, 1978, p.13 1518 Billboard, June 30, 1923, p.75 1592 Billboard, June 30, 1923, p.170 1519 Billboard, September 22, 1923, p.22 1593 Billboard, May 22, 1926, p.06 1520 Billboard, July 19, 1924, p.76 1594 Billboard, June 02, 1923, p.114 1521 Billboard, September 06, 1924, p.19 1595 Billboard, April 04, 1925, p.20 1522 Billboard, September 20, 1924, p.20 1596 Billboard, December 17, 1927, p.25 1523 Billboard, September 20, 1924, p.14 1597 New York Morning Telegraph, August 31, 1924, section 04, p.03 1524 Billboard, September 27, 1924, p.21 1598 New York Morning Telegraph, August 31, 1924, section 04, p.06 1525 Billboard, November 08, 1924, p.21 1599 New York Morning Telegraph, Sept. 14, 1924, section 04, p.04 1526 Billboard, January 24, 1925, p.20 1600 New York Morning Telegraph, September 17, 1924, p.05 1527 Billboard, March 06, 1926, p.22 1601 Record Research 18 (July/August 1958), p.03 1528 Billboard, March 20, 1926, p.09 1602 New York Morning Telegraph, September 23, 1924, p.02 1529 Billboard, March 27, 1926, p.23 1603 NY Morning Telegraph, Nov. 23, 1924, main section part 02, p.08 1530 Billboard, April 03, 1926, p.17 1604 New York Morning Telegraph, November 30, 1924, p.10 1531 Dr. David Evans, liner notes to Document DOCD-5516 (CD), 1997 1605 New York Morning Telegraph, December 12, 1924, p.05 1532 New York Morning Telegraph, February 04, 1923, p.02 1606 New York Morning Telegraph, December 25, 1924, p.03 1533 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, September 23, 1923, p. B 03 1607 Broadway Brevities, September 1919, p.26 1534 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 30, 1923, p.14 1608 Broadway Brevities, October 1923, p.35 1535 Long Island Daily Press, January 23, 1922, p.05 1609 Exhibitors Herald, May 15, 1926, p.122 1536 Brooklyn Daily Star, September 13, 1924, p.14 1610 New York Times, September 08, 1925, p.29 1537 New York Times, December 12, 1926, p.22 1611 Spokane Daily Chronicle, May 23, 1923, p.X03 1538 Billboard, October 16, 1926, p.21 1612 Pittsburgh Press, October 31, 1923, p.27 1539 Billboard, December 12, 1926, p.21 1613 The Delineator, December 1921, p.61 1540 Billboard, March 05, 1927, p.22 1614 Dramatic Mirror, December 24, 1921, p.915 1541 Billboard, March 26, 1927, p.22 1615 New York Evening Telegram, December 08, 1920, p.01 1542 Nick La Rocca interview by Richard B. Allen, June 02, 1958, reel II. 1616 Pittsburgh Courier, January 10, 1925, p.08 Hogan Archive, Tulane University, New Orleans. 1617 New York Age, June 24, 1922, p.05 1543 Nick La Rocca interview, June 16, 1958, reel I. 1618 New York Age, October 21, 1922, p.05 Hogan Archive, Tulane University, New Orleans. 1619 New York Age, November 25, 1922, p.02 1544 Billboard, January 19, 1924, p.22 1620 New York Age, March 24, 1923, p.03 1545 Billboard, May 17, 1924, p.20 1621 Talking Machine World, October 15, 1922, p.35 1546 Billboard, May 24, 1924, p.17 1622 Billboard, June 19, 1926, p.36 1547 Brooklyn Standard Union, February 23, 1919, p.05 1623 Billboard, September 15, 1923, p.22 1548 Brooklyn Standard Union, March 12, 1927, p.02 1624 Billboard, February 04, 1928, p.18 1549 Syracuse Journal, March 19, 1927, p.11 1625 New York Morning Telegraph, January 12, 1925, p.02 1550 Brooklyn Standard Union, February 20, 1919, p.11 1626 New York Morning Telegraph, January 13, 1925, p.02 1551 Billboard, February 28, 1920, p.17 1627 New York Morning Telegraph, January 20, 1925, p.02 1552 Billboard, April 18, 1925, p.20 1628 New York Morning Telegraph, January 22, 1925, p.05 1553 Billboard, May 02, 1925, p.22 1629 New York Morning Telegraph, February 01, 1925, section 04, p.09 1554 Billboard, September 19, 1925, p.21 1630 New York Morning Telegraph, February 23, 1925, p.05 1555 Billboard, April 16, 1927, p.23 1631 New York Morning Telegraph, February 25, 1925, p.03 1556 Billboard, April 23, 1927, p.22 1632 New York Morning Telegraph, March 02, 1925, p.05 1557 Billboard, April 23, 1927, p.23 1633 New York Morning Telegraph, March 04, 1925, p.08 1558 Billboard, October 22, 1927, p.22 1634 New York Morning Telegraph, March 06, 1925, p.08 1559 Billboard, October 29, 1927, p.22 1635 New York Morning Telegraph, March 14, 1925, p.08 1560 Billboard, December 10, 1927, p.38 1636 New York Morning Telegraph, March 28, 1925, p.05 1561 Billboard, January 14, 1928, p.26 1637 New York Morning Telegraph, May 29, 1925, p.02 1562 Billboard, April 07, 1928, p.24 1638 New York Morning Telegraph, June 13, 1925, p.02 1563 Metronome Band Monthly, September 1921, p.125 1639 New York Morning Telegraph, June 14, 1925, section 04, p.15 1564 Metronome Band Monthly, October 1921, p.64 1640 New York Clipper, March 07, 1923, p.19 1565 Metronome Band Monthly, October 1921, p.66 [see also 731] 1641 New York Clipper, May 23, 1923, p.20 1566 New York Morning Telegraph, February 06, 1921, main section part 2, p.08 1642 Variety, January 31, 1924, p.08 1567 New York Morning Telegraph, December 19, 1920, p.14 1643 Variety, September 09, 1921, p.35 1568 New York Morning Telegraph, December 21, 1920, p.05 1644 Variety, September 01, 1922, p.11 1569 New York Morning Telegraph, December 25, 1920, p.08 1645 Bridgepot, CT, Times, November 28, 1919, p.19 1570 New York Morning Telegraph, January 09, 1921, section 03, p.04 1646 Washington D.C. Sunday Star, January 25, 1920, p.??

1647 Washington D.C. Times, January 27, 1920, p.06 1723 Variety, March 15, 1923, p.33 1648 Washington D.C. Evening Star, January 27, 1920, p.17 1724 Women’s Wear, April 04, 1923, p.36 1649 Billboard, October 25, 1919, p.24 1725 Variety, May 14, 1920, p.06 1650 Billboard, February 02, 1924, p.16 1726 Variety, November 16, 1927, p.55 1651 Watertown NY Daily Standard, January 26, 1925, p.09 1727 Variety, June 23, 1926, p.45 1652 New York Morning Telegraph, February 04, 1923, section 04, p.09 1728 Variety, January 17, 1924, p.08 1653 New York Morning Telegraph, September 10, 1922, section 04, p.10 1729 Variety, October 22, 1930, p.62 1654 Billboard, September 16, 1922, p.32 1730 Variety, September 10, 1920, p.06 1655 Washington D.C. Evening Star, October 03, 1922, p.20 1731 Variety, December 10, 1920, p.15 1656 Schenectady NY Gazette, February 15, 1924, p.11 1732 The Balconades News, late1923-early 1924 1657 Utica NY Observer-Dispatch, February 11, 1923, p.04-B 1733 Orchestra World, November 1933, p.12 1658 Albany NY Times Union, September 23, 1919, p.03 1734 Johnny DeDroit, interview by Richard B. Allen, March 13, 1974, 1659 New York Morning Telegraph, May 06, 1923, section 04, p.08 reel I. Hogan Jazz Archive, Tulane University, New Orleans 1660 Billboard, October 01, 1927, p.34 1735 Variety, May 30, 1923, p.27 1661 New York Herald, October 28, 1917, section 01, part 02, p.08 1736 Variety, December 22, 1922, p.31 1662 Utica NY Observer-Dispatch, Septemeber 02, 1927, p.10 1737 Variety, June 07, 1923, p.31 1663 Rochester NY Democrat Chronicle, January 15, 1925, p.19 1738 Variety, June 21, 1923, p.10 1664 New York Clipper, September 08, 1920, p.14 1739 Variety, June 28, 1923, p.44 1665 Binghampton NY Press, December 29, 1923, p.08 1740 The Daily Illini, February 20, 1923, p.05 1666 Binghampton NY Press, February 12, 1923, p.?? 1741 The Daily Illini, April 08, 1923, p.10 1667 Brooklyn Standard Union, September 03, 1922, p.13 1742 New York Clipper, March 06, 1924, p.17 1668 Auburn NY Citizen, January 02, 1924, p.02 1743 Variety, March 19, 1924, p.09 1669 Elmira NY Star-Gazette, December 31, 1923, p.05 1744 Variety, July 23, 1924, p.40 1670 Elmira NY Star-Gazette, December 28, 1923, p.07 1745 Variety, August 13, 1924, p.31 1671 Troy NY Times, August 19, 1920, p.02 1746 Variety, September 24, 1924, p.26-C 1672 Variety, October 10, 1919, p.10 1747 Variety, October 01, 1924, p.31 1673 Buffalo NY Courier, December 15, 1923, pictorial section, p.05 1748 Variety, October 22, 1924, p.30 1674 Paterson NJ Evening News, November 11, 1919, p.03 1749 Variety, October 29, 1924, p.32 1675 Variety, April 22, 1925, p.10 1750 New York Clipper, April 18, 1924, p.28 1676 Billboard, November 19, 1921, p.32 1751 Variety, November 19, 1924, p.47 1677 Albany NY Times-Union, August 21, 1920, p.12 1752 Variety, December 10, 1924, p.16 1678 Variety, May 24, 1923, p.26 1753 Variety, December 24, 1924, p.36 1679 Omaha NE Daily Bee, January 30, 1922, p.03 1754 Variety, December 31, 1924, p.07 & 136 1680 Washington D.C. Herald, October 02, 1922, p.?? 1755 Variety, March 31, 1922, p.39 1681 Washington D.C. Evening Star, May 13, 1924, p.05 1756 Variety, April 07, 1922, p.18 1682 Washington D.C. Herald, November 27, 1921, p.?? 1757 Variety, June 16, 1922, p.10 1683 Washington D.C. Sunday Star, September 14, 1924, part 03, p.02 1758 Variety, August 18, 1922, p.38 1684 Washington D.C. Sunday Star, September 21, 1924, part 03, p.01 1759 New York Clipper, July 20, 1923, p.30 1685 New York Clipper, May 23, 1923, p.11 1760 New York Clipper, August 31, 1923, p.20 1686 Washington D.C. Evening Star, January 15, 1924, p.35 1761 Variety, September 16, 1921, p.11 1687 Washington D.C. Evening Star, January 22, 1924, p.19 1762 New York Clipper, November 09, 1923, p.22 1688 Washington D.C. Evening Star, January 29, 1924, p.14 1763 New York Clipper, December 21, 1923, p.25 1689 Washington D.C. Evening Star, March 07, 1924, p.34 1764 New York Clipper, February 22, 1924, p.36 1690 Washington D.C. Evening Star, March 21, 1924, p.36 1765 New York Clipper, April 24, 1924, p.15 1691 Peekskill NY Evening Star, January 05, 1924, p.02 1766 New York Clipper, March 20, 1924, p.13 1692 New York Morning Telegraph, September 05, 1925, p.07 1767 New York Clipper, May 01, 1924, p.14 1693 New York Morning Telegraph, September 07, 1925, p.03 1768 New York Clipper, May 15, 1924, p.17 1694 New York Morning Telegraph, September 08, 1925, p.02 1769 New York Clipper, May 24, 1924, p.22 1695 New York Morning Telegraph, September 08, 1925, p.03 1770 New York Clipper, May 31, 1922, p.15 1696 New York Morning Telegraph, September 09, 1925, p.02 1771 Dance Review, December 1919, p.19 1697 New York Morning Telegraph, September 09, 1925, p.03 1772 Dance Review, December 1919, p.27 1698 New York Morning Telegraph, September 10, 1925, p.02 1773 Dance Review, December 1919, p.60 1699 New York Morning Telegraph, September 10, 1925, p.03 1774 Dance Review, December 1919, p.62 1700 New York Morning Telegraph, September 11, 1925, p.03 1774 Dance Review, February 15, 1922, p.45 1701 New York Morning Telegraph, September 12, 1925, p.03 1775 Dance Review, March 15, 1922, p.03 1702 New York Morning Telegraph, October 17, 1925, p.07 1776 Dance Review, December 1919, p.07 1703 New York Morning Telegraph, November 14, 1925, p.03 1777 Dance Review, March 1920, p.15 1704 New York Morning Telegraph, November 17, 1925, p.03 1778 Dance Review, February 1921, p.37 1705 New York Morning Telegraph, November 22, 1925, p.08 1779 Dance Review, February 1921, p.40 1706 New York Morning Telegraph, November 23, 1925, p.02 1780 Dance Review, October 1921, p.04 1707 New York Morning Telegraph, December 20, 1925, p.07 1781 Dance Review, October 1921, p.07 1708 NY Morning Telegraph, December 27, 1925, section 06 part 01, p.08 1782 Dance Review, October 1921, p.36 1709 Metronome Orchestra Monthly, May 1923, p.07 1783 Dance Review, October 1921, p.48 1710 Metronome Orchestra Monthly, June 1923, p.15 1784 Dance Review, November 1921, p.07 1711 Metronome, August 15, 1925, p.74 1785 Dance Review, November 1921, p.11 1712 Metronome, December 01, 1926, p.04 1786 Dance Review, December 15, 1921, p.27 1713 Orchestra World, June 1925, p.01 1787 Dance Review, March 15, 1922, p.29 1714 Orchestra World, March 1927, p.20 1788 Dance Review, March 15, 1922, p.39 1715 Orchestra World, April 1927, p.13 1789 Dance Review, March 1923, p.10 1716 Orchestra World, Summer 1927, p.04 1790 Dance Review, March 1923, p.18 1717 New York Morning Telegraph, June 25, 1922, p.02 1791 Dance Review, March 1923, p.19 1718 NY Morning Telegraph, January 06, 1924, main section part 02, p.08 1792 Dance Review, June 1923, p.18 1719 NY Morning Telegraph, January 13, 1924, main section part 02, p.08 1793 New York Clipper, February 04, 1920, p.23 1720 NY Morning Telegraph, January 27, 1924, main section part 02, p.08 1794 New York Clipper, September 24, 1919, p.01 1721 New York Times, March 23, 1927, p.18 1795 New York Clipper, October 08, 1919, p.21 1722 Variety, October 13, 1922, p.09 1796 Newark, NJ, Sunday Call, November 09, 1919, p.24

1797 Billboard, September 21, 1946, p.42 1873 New York Daily News, July 12, 1924, p.16 1798 New York Daily News, September 15, 1921, p.17 1874 New York Daily News, July 13, 1924, p.39 1799 New York Daily News, September 17, 1921, p.13 1875 New York Daily News, September 14, 1924, p.46 1800 New York Daily News, October 06, 1921, p.18 1876 New York Daily News, September 22, 1924, p.23 1801 New York Daily News, September 22, 1922, p.20 1877 New York Daily News, September 23, 1924, p.25 1802 New York Daily News, October 03, 1922, p.17 1878 New York Daily News, September 25, 1924, p.24 1803 New York Daily News, October 17, 1922, p.17 1879 New York Daily News, September 30, 1924, p.22 1804 New York Daily News, November 08, 1922, p.17 1880 New York Daily News, October 06, 1924, p.29 1805 New York Daily News, November 10, 1922, p.24 1881 New York Daily News, October 10, 1924, p.25 1806 New York Daily News, November 11, 1922, p.17 1882 New York Daily News, October 26, 1924, p.52 1807 New York Daily News, November 15, 1922, p.17 1883 New York Daily News, October 30, 1924, p.30 1808 New York Daily News, November 17, 1922, p.25 1884 New York Daily News, November 06, 1924, p.25 1809 New York Daily News, November 18, 1922, p.17 1885 New York Daily News, November 11, 1924, p.25 1810 New York Daily News, November 20, 1922, p.17 1886 New York Daily News, November 30, 1924, p.18 B 1811 New York Daily News, November 21, 1922, p.20 1887 New York Daily News, December 17, 1924, p.29 1812 New York Daily News, November 23, 1922, p.21 1888 New York Daily News, December 24, 1924, p.26 1813 New York Daily News, November 24, 1922, p.25 1889 New York Daily News, December 30, 1924, p.17 1814 New York Daily News, November 25, 1922, p.17 1890 New York Daily News, December 31, 1924, p.22 1815 Allentown, PA, Morning Call, September 08, 1923, p.05 1891 New York Daily News, January 03, 1925, p.41 1816 New York Daily News, September 12, 1923, p.20 1892 New York Daily News, January 06, 1925, p.21 1817 New York Daily News, September 13, 1923, p.21 1893 New York Daily News, March 07, 1925, p.19 1818 New York Daily News, September 16, 1923, p.40 1894 Greenville, PA, Evening Record, November 09, 1923, p.12 1819 New York Daily News, September 17, 1923, p.21 1895 Greensboro, NC, Daily News, December 02, 1922, p.06 1820 New York Daily News, September 25, 1923, p.06 1896 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, November 23, 1924, p.02 E 1821 New York Daily News, October 09, 1923, p.25 1897 Baltimore Evening Sun, February 03, 1920, p.09 1822 New York Daily News, October 16, 1923, p.24 1898 Pittsburgh Gazette Times, February 10, 1920, p.15 1823 New York Daily News, October 25, 1923, p.28 1899 Racine, WI, Journal News, May 23, 1923, p.06 1824 New York Daily News, October 29, 1923, p.24 1900 San Antonio, TX, Express, November 16, 1924, p.B 17 1825 New York Daily News, November 01, 1923, p.24 1901 Waterloo, IA, Evening Courier, November 20, 1924, p.05 1826 New York Daily News, November 08, 1923, p.28 1902 Edwardsville, IL, Intelligencer, September 27, 1922, p.08 1827 New York Daily News, November 10, 1923, p.24 1903 Mitchell, SD, Evening Republican, December 21, 1922, p.08 1828 New York Daily News, November 11, 1923, p.17 1904 Appleton, WI, Post Crescent, August 21, 1923, p.08 1829 New York Daily News, November 15, 1923, p.28 1905 Allentown, PA, Morning Call, March 20, 1925, p.10 1830 New York Daily News, November 17, 1923, p.25 1906 Allentown, PA, Morning Call, June 08, 1925, p.10 1831 New York Daily News, November 18, 1923, p.17 1907 Sayre, PA, Evening Times, June 25, 1925, p.08 1832 New York Daily News, November 20, 1923, p.17 1833 New York Daily News, November 22, 1923, p.28 1834 New York Daily News, December 19, 1923, p.27 1835 New York Daily News, December 20, 1923, p.27 1836 New York Daily News, December 23, 1923, p.32 1837 New York Daily News, December 24, 1923, p.20 1838 New York Daily News, December 26, 1923, p.23 1839 New York Daily News, December 27, 1923, p.19 1840 New York Daily News, December 28, 1923, p.23 1841 New York Daily News, January 13, 1924, p.14 B 1842 New York Daily News, January 14, 1924, p.24 1843 New York Daily News, January 15, 1924, p.19 1844 New York Daily News, January 16, 1924, p.21 1845 New York Daily News, January 20, 1924, p.38 1846 New York Daily News, January 21, 1924, p.24 1847 New York Daily News, January 29, 1924, p.19 1848 New York Daily News, January 30, 1924, p.28 1849 New York Daily News, February 01, 1924, p.28 1850 New York Daily News, February 03, 1924, p.12 B 1851 New York Daily News, February 05, 1924, p.29 1852 New York Daily News, February 07, 1924, p.23 1853 New York Daily News, February 10, 1924, p.12 B 1854 New York Daily News, February 11, 1924, p.27 1855 New York Daily News, February 12, 1924, p.19 1856 New York Daily News, February 14, 1924, p.27 1857 New York Daily News, February 17, 1924, p.08 B 1858 New York Clipper, June 20, 1923, p.28 1859 New York Daily News, February 24, 1924, p.06 B 1860 New York Daily 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