THE OPERATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY THE OPERATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY IN CROATIAIN CROATIA

The Operational Oceanography of IOC (for GroupThe Operational Oceanography of IOC (for Group--II)II)

Varna, Bulgaria, March 19Varna, Bulgaria, March 19--22 201222 2012

Vlado DadicVlado Dadic

Historical background of national ocean observation

Croatia in fact:

Land area: 56000 km2

Sea area: 33000 km2 TW+32000 EEZ

Islands: > 1200

Coast length: 5800 kim (~8% Med. Sea)

Croatian sea (~40% of Adriatic Sea)Marine research: long tradition

Many expeditions:

• Vila Velebita, (1913)

• Hvar (1948/49) • Geophysical year (1957) • Medalpex (1982/1983)• Mohorovicic (1986)

• Firs tide gauge station (1937) • ...

MONITORING PROGRAM

SPLIT- GARGANO PROFILE (1948 - ....)

MONITORINGMONITORING PROGRAM OF THE ADRIATIC SEAPROGRAM OF THE ADRIATIC SEA(NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM (1998(NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM (1998-- ...)...)

Spatial distribution of stations

Long lasting monitoring programsLong lasting monitoring programs

Split-Monte Gargano Profile (monthly-seasonaly) (Palagruza sill) – 60 years

Pag-Knavle project

Coastal sea - seasonaly

(35 years)

National monitoring program

Open Sea (since 1998-)

Distribution of measuring stations in the Adriatic Sea (35238)

Current measurements in the Adriatic Sea

Overview on national system for ocean observing

� National policy and regulation

• In Croatia general law and some regulations about public data management and data policy were adopted.

• As member of IOC (UNESCO) from 1992 and successor of FRY, Croatia generally follows IOC data policy

• Generally, most of oceanographic data funded by the government can be freely exchanged within bilateral cooperation among Croatian and international institutions

• Institutions, which collected oceanographic data, are responsible for their exchange and policy

• According of common rules, all data collected in the framework of projects funded by the international organizations has exchanged among participants without any restriction

Financial and organizational frameworks

�� MinistriesMinistries�� AgenciesAgencies�� ReResearch institutessearch institutes

Ministries

(funding of marine research and monitoring)(funding of marine research and monitoring)::

•• Ministry of science, education and sportsMinistry of science, education and sports•• Ministry Ministry of of environmentenvironmental protectional protection•• Ministry for transportation and maritime affairsMinistry for transportation and maritime affairs

•• Ministry of Ministry of agruculture, forestry and agruculture, forestry and fisheriesfisheries

Governmental agencies:

•Meteorological service – Marine

meteorological centre

•Maritime safety service

•Hydrological service

•Croatian environmental agency

•Health organizations at the counties level

Research institutes

�Public institutes

� Institutes belong universities

INFRASTRUCTUREINFRASTRUCTURECroatian rCroatian research vesselsesearch vessels

PalagruPalagružža a 45m45m

NaNašše moree more33m33m

BiosBios--dvadva37m37m

VilaVila velebitavelebita26m26m

HidraHidra23m23m

Facility for RT/NRT data managing

� Oceanographic information centre (OIC)

� MEDAS database marine environmental database of the Adriatic Sea) – Distributed and web oriented dataabse with spatial presentation

Oceanographic information centre (OIC)

� FTP, WEB servers

� MEDAS DBASE SERVER (Linux)

� SERVER FOR DATA AQUISITION FROM AUTOMATIC MEASURING STATIONS (BUOYS, COASTAL STATIONS, HF-RADARS, SHIPS (Win 2K server)

� WIRELES: GSM, GRPS, UMTS and WiFI communication, VF

•ORACLE DB 10e

•Geoserver

MEDASDATABASE

MEDASMEDASDATABASEDATABASE

REFERAL

DATABASE

REFERAL REFERAL

DATABASEDATABASE

INTERFACES

• GIS LAYERS• EXCHANGE

FORMATS

INTERFACEINTERFACESS

• GIS LAYERS• EXCHANGE

FORMATS

FISHERIES•COASTAL FISHERIES

•PELAGIC FISHERIES

•DEMERSAL FISHERIES

•EGGS, LARVES, JUVENILS•FISHERY STATISTICS

FISHERIESFISHERIES•COASTAL FISHERIES

•PELAGIC FISHERIES

•DEMERSAL FISHERIES

•EGGS, LARVES, JUVENILS•FISHERY STATISTICS

MARINE BIOLOGY

•ZOOPLANCTON

•ZOOBENTHOS

•PHYTOPLANCTON

•MICROBIOLOGY

MARINE BIOLOGYMARINE BIOLOGY

•ZOOPLANCTON

•ZOOBENTHOS

•PHYTOPLANCTON

•MICROBIOLOGY

BASIC LAYERS•COASTAL LINE•BATHYMETRY•SUBMARINE CABLES•WRECKS …

BASIC BASIC LAYERSLAYERS•COASTAL LINE•BATHYMETRY•SUBMARINE CABLES•WRECKS …

MARINE CHEMISTRY

•NUTRIENTS•HEAVY METALS•P A T•P A H•OXYGEN, PH•SUSPENDED MATTERS

MARINE CHEMISTRYMARINE CHEMISTRY

•NUTRIENTS•HEAVY METALS•P A T•P A H•OXYGEN, PH•SUSPENDED MATTERS

MARINE PHYSICS• SEA LEVEL• WAVES• SEA CURRENTS • C,T,TURBIDITY• METEOROLOGY

• CLASSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY• REMOTE SENSING• OPTICS

MARINE PHYSICSMARINE PHYSICS• SEA LEVEL• WAVES• SEA CURRENTS • C,T,TURBIDITY• METEOROLOGY

• CLASSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY• REMOTE SENSING• OPTICS

RT/NRT data

SIPAM –AQUACULTURA

• INSTITUTIONS• PRODUCTIONS• IMORT- EXPORT• MARKETING• LEGISLATIONS• PUBLICATIONS• EXPERTS

SIPAM SIPAM ––AQUACULTURAAQUACULTURA

• INSTITUTIONS• PRODUCTIONS• IMORT- EXPORT• MARKETING• LEGISLATIONS• PUBLICATIONS• EXPERTS

LIBRARY ON-LINE

CATALOGUE

• PAPERS• PUBLICATIONS• AUTHORS• ACTA ADRIATICA -

Journal

LIBRARY LIBRARY ONON--LINE LINE

CATALOGUECATALOGUE

•• PAPERSPAPERS•• PUBLICATIONSPUBLICATIONS•• AUTHORSAUTHORS•• ACTA ADRIATICA ACTA ADRIATICA --

JournalJournal

AZO-EEA

T,S,Chla, Nutrients, Heavy

metals, pesticides

Croatian beaches

AZOAZO--EEAEEA

T,S,Chla, Nutrients, Heavy

metals, pesticides

Croatian beaches

INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE -- Marine environmental Marine environmental database of the Adriatic Sea (MEDAS)database of the Adriatic Sea (MEDAS)

DATA FLOW

measuring, validation, achieving, dissemination

RT/NRT measuring systemsRT/NRT measuring systems

- Tide gauge stations network (8 stations)

- Coastal stations (meteo-ocean – standard parameters)

- Coastal stations-meteotsunamies (microbarographs)

- Buoy stations (3 – one operational at the moment)

- Meteo station on ferry (NRT)

- Wave stations

- HF radars for sea surface currents measurements

Vocabulary: Transcode own to SDN

Data QC (EMODNET procedure):

1. In RT automatically by software (regional range, gradient, tendency) –> data put on web

2. Delayed mode (semi manual with visualization; check consistency and climatology; manually data correction) by expert -> data flagged (changed) and store in database

Implementation of R&D and monitoring programs

� Oceanographic buoys

� Coastal and marine stations

� Sea level tides stations

� Directional wave measurements

� Monitoring of unusual dynamics in the Adriatic Sea

� Measuring of sea surface currents by HF radars

� Real-time data and simulations by modeling

In the framework of the National research programs and National oceanographic monitoring program next “on-line” systems operate:

� Institute of oceanography and fisheries, Split

(oceanographic buoys, coastal meteo-ocean stations, sea level, HF radars, VOS & RV, beaches program)

� Centre for marine research, Rovinj:

(oceanographic buoy)

� State hydrographic institute, Split

(sea level)

� Geophysical institute, University of Zagreb

(sea level)

� Marine meteorological centre, Split

(coastal meteo stations, VOS)

RT/NRT measuring systems

Xxx – in operation

Xxx – temporarily out of operation

DIGITIZED DATA are sent to receiving centre by GSM

(6-HHI, 2-IOF,1-GFI)

Station in Port of Split town is in MEDGLOS network

NATIONAL NETWORK OF NATIONAL NETWORK OF SEA LEVEL SEA LEVEL

SATIONSSATIONS

New one

Data validation:

1. RT automaticaly (range and tendency)

2. Delay mode (compare with analog chart and visualisation)

Measuring stations with data sending data in RT or NRT

Parameters:�Meteorological (wind, T,P,H)�T,S at the sea surface (1 meter)

ONON--LINE MEASURING STATIONSLINE MEASURING STATIONS

STATION ON SHIP STATION ON SHIP

OF OPORTUNITYOF OPORTUNITY

COASTAL COASTAL

STATIONSSTATIONS

CURRENTS MEASUREMENTS BY MOVING VESSEL

RT RT BUOY MEASURING SYSTEMBUOY MEASURING SYSTEM

Measuring parameters:

� Meteo parameters including precipication

� Currents profile (2 meters res.)

� Waves (height, period,direction)

� T,S (surface at the moment)

� Chlorophyll a (surface)

� Turbidity (surface)

� Oxygen (surface)

AUTOMATIC BUOY AUTOMATIC BUOY -- OUTPUT RESULTSOUTPUT RESULTS

AUTOMATIC BUOY AUTOMATIC BUOY -- OUTPUT RESULTSOUTPUT RESULTS

High precision air pressure monitoring by microbarographs (meteocunamies prediction)

(Extended with meteo and TS parameters)

� North Adriatic Surface

CUrrent Mapping project

� Measuring of the Marine

Coastal Current of the North

Adriatic by HF Radars (in

collaboration with Italy)

Whole Whole AdriaticAdriatic

AREGAREG--22 kmkm

Area Area PeljePelješšacac--VisVis--DrvenikDrvenik

ASHELFASHELF--0.50.5 kmkm

ACOAST2.1ACOAST2.1250 m250 m

Wide areaWide area ofofNeretva Neretva River River EstuaryEstuary

KaKašštela tela BayBay

AKBAYAKBAY100 m100 m

ZZ--modelmodel

POMPOM

ROMSROMS

…………

NUMERICAL MODELINGNUMERICAL MODELING

0.5 km0.5 km

MARINE ENVIRONMENT INDICATORS

(for Croatian Environmental agency)

WebWeb--GIS presentationGIS presentation

SEA BATHING WATER QUALITY IN CROATIA (For Ministry for enviromental protection)

Future perspectives for operational Future perspectives for operational oceanographyoceanography in Croatia (1/2)

� The Adriatic Sea is very important for Croatian economy

� Croatian marine institutes have a lot knowledge and experience, and basic facilities (human and equipment) for improvement, extension and maintenance of operational oceanographic systems.

� Operational oceanographic network has not formally organized at the national level

� Since 1998 it has been operated as subprogram in the framework of the National monitoring program

� Because of economic situation governmental funds for National oceanographic program has been drastically reduced in recent two years

� Croatia government has been working on organization of marine system rescue, developing contingency plan, defining port of refuge....

Future perspectives for operational Future perspectives for operational oceanographyoceanography in Croatia (2/2)

� There is initiative for founding of specialized centre, which will be responsible for coordination and maintenance of operational systems ...

� ... with important role of Research institutes in coordination of system operation and especially in implementation of new methods, improvement of instrumentations and data interpretation

� Croatia will become full member of EU next year and has to follow procedure for achievement of EU Marine strategy and Water framework directive requirements

� The Adriatic Sea is semi closed and shallow sea andecologically very sensitive; 80 million population, touristic area, hevy marine traffic ..., it is very important for economy of all bordering countries

� Therefore, much close collaboration among Adriatic Sea bordering countries in improvement, harmonization and extension of operational oceanography measurements and network is especting in near future.