The NEWSLETTER OF THEclub.philas.org.au/orange/pdf/Newsletter_2018_November.pdf- Page & STAMP CLUB INC NEWSLETTER FOR - 3 ORANGE COIN 27 NOVEMBER 2018 3 Although Newcastle Club staged

NEWSLETTER OF THE ORANGE COIN & STAMP CLUB INC FOR 27 NOVEMBER 2018

The NEWSLETTER OF THE

ORANGE COIN AND STAMP

CLUB INCORPORATED

Our Club’s 53rd Year

2018 SPRING FAIR & STATE-LEVEL ONE-FRAME STAMP COMPETITION

The Orange High School Hall at our Spring Fair 2018 on Saturday 17th

November. Competitive exhibits are

in the stamp frames on the right. Club members’ coin& stamp displays are on the tables

27 NOVEMBER 2018

ISSUE #200

- Page - 2 ORANGE COIN & STAMP CLUB INC NEWSLETTER FOR 27 NOVEMBER 2018

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The committee of

the Orange Coin

& Stamp Club wish

all members &

their families a

happy and joyous

Christmas & a

prosperous New

Year IN 2019

THE 2018 SPRING

FAIR & STATE-

LEVEL 1-FRAME

STAMP

COMPETITION Holding a combined 2018 Spring Fair and

State-Level 1-Frame stamp competition

was an ambitious and perhaps risky

undertaking. We had never held a State-

Level show before and only had a sketchy

idea of what was involved. But it all

seemed to come together and in the end it

worked.

There were plenty of visitors. On both the

Saturday and on the Sunday mornings the

High School car park was full. You had to

park in Woodward Street. Quite a few

visitors came from Sydney, which was

encouraging. Most, however, came from

our region. These all admitted to having

seen our ads on Prime TV, especially those

run during the nightly news bulletin.

It was said that half of these Prime TV ads

were a bonus over and above what we paid

for. They filled the slots that were

otherwise unsold. Thanks Prime!

Because of the extra visitors anticipated

for the State-level stamp competition we

acquired two new dealers, AAA Stamps

(Steve Burton) from Long Jetty and

Hamilton’s for Stamps (Steve Hamilton)

from Forster, making a total of seven (plus

the Club table). Steve Hamilton had been

to previous Orange Expo in 2002.

It was probably fair to say that our regular

visiting dealers, Phil and Win Morehouse,

John Pearson, Wynyard Coins and Tony

Byrne Coins did the most trade. Members

& visitors knew in advance of what they

had.

It was great to see of Mr. M.R.Roberts,

himself, at the Wynyard Coins tables.

THE STATE-LEVEL

COMPETITION AND DISPLAYS

Only 15 competitive 1-frame displays

were submitted for the State Show. We

were a little disappointed at this. We had

expected about 30. In fact, we found the

15 +1 quite manageable, and were glad we

didn’t get over 20. We were also

disappointed at the lack of entries from

other regional clubs. Most entries came

from Sydney. Bruce Chadderton a former

member of the Bathurst Club sent us two

from Bombala. There were 5 entries from

Orange.

In comparison the recent Toowoomba

State Exhibition TOOWPEX 2017 only

attracted 15 entries.


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Although Newcastle Club staged a Half-

National Stamp Exhibition in May, Orange

was the only State-Level show held in

2018. The One-frame competition was

held in partnership with the New South

Wales Philatelic Development Council.

The original purpose of having a State-

level competition in Orange was to

encourage members in regional clubs to

bring their displays “up to the next level”.

There was a perceived need for “what do I

have to do to improve my exhibit” to put

in in a National show or even another

State-level show. In Sydney, and perhaps

Newcastle, exhibitors have reasonable

access to judges and critics who often

make comments before displays are

entered in more serious competitions. We

have never had that advantage.

We were very grateful that the two judges,

Ed Wolf and Jim Johnstone, were able

come up from Sydney and give up their

weekends. They also brought up the stamp

frames. These just fitted in Ed Wolf’s car.

If there had been any more entries we

would have needed to hire a trailer at $200

a day for 4 days or perhaps even a rental

van. We are also very grateful that Genise

Flynn could accommodate the judges for

the 2 nights that they were here. The show

could have otherwise ended up being an

expensive exercise.

The judges’ reports are shown on pages 11

and 13. The list of exhibits is shown on

pages 9 and 10.

We are also a coin club and it was

important to see the Club member’s coin

displays on show to the public. Stamp-

collecting members also provided displays.

These non-competitive displays are listed

below:-

OUR MEMBER’S NON-COMPETITIVE

DISPLAYS AT THE SPRING FAIR

In addition to the competitive stamp

displays members provided the following

displays: -

Lawrence Sherwin – 1918 – Fall of Thrones

coin case

Tony Read – Counterfeit Ten Shilling

Banknote

Tony Read – Forgeries, Duds & Counterfeits.

Counterfeit pennies, Crowns, florins $2 coins

and 20c pieces

Tony Read – Empires Besieged. Ancient coins

Tony Read – Convict Era Proclamation Coins

Tony Read – Stamp Forgeries of the

Australian Colonies

Derek Dolstra – World War I Postcards from

‘Jack’

Derek Dolstra – Queensland Postmarks from

Large & Small Places

Graham Doherty- Butterflies.2 stamp frames

Rob Willis – Poland & Australia: Marek

Banknotes of 1919.

Ray Norman – Cambodia

Col Davidson – Coins of the Bible, Three

adjoining display frames

Tony Read – Hay Internment Camp Notes

Thanks to those who brought these displays.

SPRING FAIR 2018 RAFFLE

The Club offered two food hampers.

The raffle was drawn by the secretary at

2.20pm on the Sunday. The winner of the

“1st Prize” food hamper was Tony Read

with ticket blue A 71. The winner of the

‘2nd

Prize” food hamper was Genise

Flynn with ticket purple B 61.

SPRING FAIR 2018 ‘DINNER’

The Spring Fair ‘Dinner’ on the Saturday

night was a quite casual & pleasant affair.

It was held at the popular Friar Tuck Bistro

at the Robin Hood Hotel on Burrendong

Way.

With the prospect of lots of exhibitors

coming to Orange for the State-level 1-

Frame stamp exhibition we had earlier

made a booking at Mary Jane’s Restaurant

at Kelly’s Rugby Hotel.

Two things happened. Firstly we didn’t

get the number of 1-frame entries we had

earlier anticipated and many of the

exhibitors did not make the trip to Orange.

The other thing that happened was that

Kelly’s Rugby Hotel, a long-time


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supporter of rugby in Orange suddenly

closed down on 28th

October.

THANKS TO THOSE WHO

HELPED MAKE SPRING FAIR

2018 A SUCCESS

The biggest thanks go to the 329 Squadron

of the Air Cadets who provided a sausage

sandwich kiosk at the entrance to the Hall on

the Saturday. Thanks especially to Tracey &

Barry Brodin.

Thanks to those who helped on the front

door especially Barry Dean, Ron Mills,

Dave Field, Lawrie Sherwin, Dave Field, the

Henry family, Ron Wilson, Eileen Davidson

and Colin Richardson (and others).

Thanks to Geoff Henry and to Gerry

Jeffermans for providing overnight security

on the Saturday night.

Thanks also to Richard Gammie for using

his truck to ferry the Club’s trestle tables

from and back to Howard’s garage.

Thanks to all those who brought food for

consumption by dealers & volunteers,

especially the Henry family, Rob Willis

(big thanks to Mrs Willis), Ron Wilson &

Genise Flynn, and others.

Thanks to Genise Flynn and her husband

for looking after the two visiting stamp

judges.

Orange 2018 Spring Fair participating dealers – please continue to support them:-

Wynyard Coin Centre (M.R.

Roberts), 3 Barrack St, Sydney, 2000

Ph (02) 9299 2047. Fax (02)9290

3710 www.wynyardcoins.com.au

A. Byrne Coins (Tony Byrne from

Canberra) – PO Box 53, MITCHELL,

A.C.T. 2911, ph (02) 6255 4044)

Buying and Selling

Pittwater Philatelic Service (John &

Tracy Pearson); Shop 18, 331-335

Barrenjoey Rd Newport Beach NSW

2106; PO Box 259, Newport Beach, Ph

(02) 9979 1561; Fax (02) 9979 1577.

Mobile 0412 904 295. E-mail:

[email protected]

Website :

www.ozemail.co.au/~pittwaterstamps/

Orange Stamps & Coins (Howard

Lyons), PO Box 9288, Orange, 2800;

Mobile 0427 107 554 Phone/fax

(02) 6362 2368,

E-mail: [email protected]

Buying and Selling - Stamps, Coins ,

Banknotes, Accessories , etc..

Phil & Win Morehouse, Bankstown.

NSW 2200. Ph: (02)9707 4087, Email –

[email protected]. World-wide stamps bought and sold

AAA Stamps (Steve Burton) , Long

Jetty. NSW. Ph: 0432 540 760

Email - [email protected] Buying

and selling World stamps.

Hamilton’s for Stamps, (Steve

Hamilton).PO Box 4237, Forster. 2428

Ph: (02) 6557 6451 , Fax (02) 65576328 ,

Mobile 0412 027 235

Email - [email protected]

Website - www.ham4stamp.com

Buying and Selling

CULTURAL CENTRE OPEN DAY

ON 10TH NOVEMBER

All of the users of the Orange Cultural

Centre had an Open Day on Saturday 10th

November 2018. The purpose was to

promote the clubs that use the Centre.

We participated together with the

Lapidary Club, the Spinners & Weavers,

the Lace-makers and the Orange Art

Society.

We set up a small stamp display and had

leaflets advertising the Spring Fair and

membership of the Club.

http://www.wynyardcoins.com.au/

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.ozemail.co.au/~pittwaterstamps/





http://www.ham4stamp.com/


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The Orange Cultural Centre from Sale St

OUR CLUB ‘NIGHT’ MEETING IS

ON TUESDAY - AFTER THAT

THE NEXT ONE IS ON

TUESDAY 29th JANUARY 2019

The current meeting is on Tuesday, 27th

November 2018 at 7.30pm. After that, the next meeting will be on Tuesday 29th January

2019. Club meetings are now held in the

Orange Cultural Centre in Sale St. It’s a

pity the building doesn’t have a sign. You

can park in Sale St or go round behind the

building and park in the Woolworth’s car

park.

OUR NEXT MONTHLY COIN &

STAMP FAIR IS ON SATURDAY

1st DECEMBER 2018

Our next monthly Coin & Stamp Fair will be

held on Saturday 1st December 2018 in the

main meeting room of the Orange Cultural

Centre in Sale St.

The venue is the Orange Cultural Centre. It is

held on the 1st Saturday of each month (but

not in January).

After 1 December 2018 the next one will be on

2nd

February 2019

OUR NEXT DAYTIME ‘SWAP”

MEETING IS AT MIDDAY ON

SATURDAY 1st DECEMBER 2018

AT THE ORANGE CULTURAL

CENTRE

The next one will be on Saturday 1st

December 2018. By midday, most of the

trading at our monthly fair has trickled off.

We set up a table and start swapping &

trading.

After that, the next one will be on Saturday

2nd

February 2019.

DATES FOR 2018-2019

Orange Coin & Stamp Club’s Monthly meeting in the Orange Cultural Centre, Tuesday 27th November 2018 7.30pm

Orange Coin & Stamp Club monthly Coin & Stamp mini-Fair in the Orange Cultural Centre, Saturday 1st December 2018, 9.30-1.30

Orange Coin & Stamp Club monthly stamp & coin “swap” meeting, in the Orange Cultural Centre, Saturday 1st December 2018, 12midday

Orange Coin & Stamp Club’s Monthly meeting in the Orange Cultural Centre, Tuesday January 29th 2019 at 7.30pm

Orange Coin & Stamp Club monthly Coin & Stamp mini-Fair in the Orange Cultural Centre, Saturday2nd February 2019, 9.30-1.30


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Philas Open Day, Saturday 16th February 2019 at Philas House

Orange Coin & Stamp Expo 2019, Orange High School Hall, 23 & 14 April 2019

OUR 2019 ORANGE COIN &

STAMP EXPO IS PLANNED

SATURDAY 7th and

SUNDAY 8th APRIL 2019

Our next Orange Coin & Stamp Expo

is planned for Saturday 13th and Sunday

14th April 2019.

The dates for the 2019 Spring Fair were 12

and 13 October 2019. The Orange High

School Hall was booked for both shows.

RON WHITE FROM BATHURST

CLUB PASSED AWAY

Ron White a member of the Bathurst Club passed

away last Saturday 24th November. Ron was a

founding member of the lapidary section of

our club and was well known for his superb

cabochons. Faceting was another skill Ron had

and was always prepared to pass on his shills

and hints in the lapidary field. Ron helped out

with several BATHEX’s at the Bathurst

Showgrounds over the years, along with

working bees and club outings until age caught

up with him.

Ron is seen here with Jack Smith.

Mr M.R.Roberts, a valued & long-time supporter of our Club seated at the Wynyard Coins tables at

the 2018 Spring Fair


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SPRING FAIR 2018 SOUVENIR COVERS

The Orange Coin and Stamp Club still have a range of 4 different coloured souvenir envelopes limited in quantity to 50 of each. They will be available in orange, yellow, green and blue. Each envelope was individually numbered and each envelope had a different personalised $1 postage stamp affixed. These stamps will be cancelled with a pictorial postmark which has been especially produced for the Club by Australia Post. Cost of each cover is $4-00

**** **** There were also 2 different metallic shimmer-style envelopes. These are still available. They were individually numbered and limited in number to 50. Envelopes had the $1 WINX (gum) postage stamp affixed and will also be cancelled on the day with the pictorial postmark. Cost of each over will be $3-00

**** **** There are also an unlimited number of souvenir covers available on the day cancelled with the pictorial postmark. These covers will have a current $1 (P&S) stamp affixed. Cost of each cover will be $2-00

Orange Coin and Stamp Club Inc. 2018 Souvenir Cover ORDER FORM


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DESCRIPTION

Souvenir Cover featuring P stamp Banksia Speciosa (Green) Souvenir Cover featuring P stamp Banksia Coccinea (Blue) Souvenir Cover featuring P stamp Banksia Cuneata (Orange) Souvenir Cover featuring P stamp Banksia Grossa (Yellow) Souvenir Metallic (Silver) Cover featuring (gum) $1 WINX Souvenir Metallic (Mauve) Cover featuring (gum) $1 WINX Souvenir Cover featuring current $1 (P&S) stamp TOTAL PURCHASES Return Postage (Min $2) Registered Postage (optional $4) TOTAL PAYABLE

PRICE

$4-00 $4-00 $4-00 $4-00 $3-00 $3-00 $2-00

QUANTITY

TOTAL

$ $ $ $ $ $ $

$ $ $

$

Payment can be made by cheque/money order/Master Card/Visa . Name: ............................................................................................................... Address................................................................................ Contact Phone or Email address:....................................................................... MasterCard / Visa Card number: ................. .................. ................ ................. Card expiry date ............ / .............. Cardholders name (print)......................................................................................... Signature ..............................................................................................

SEND ALL ORDERS TO:

Howard Lyons. Orange Stamps and Coins, P.O. Box 9288. Orange. 2800

Email: [email protected] Phone/fax (02) 6362 2368 (All care taken but no responsibility accepted for any orders lost or damaged in transit by Australia Post)

One of the $2 covers – there are quite few still available – why not order some now!



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ORANGE 2018 SPRING FAIR STATE-LEVEL,

ONE-FRAME STAMP ENTRIES

1. Tony Read Class: - Traditional

Title: - Tony’s Weeds

“What I found in my collection

after reading Philatelic Forgers:

Their Lives & Work by Varro E

Tyler”

2. Tony Read Class: - Traditional

Title: - Tasmania

“The display attempts to show the

development of the Tasmanian

stamp series and the effect that

Federation had.”

3. John Pearson Class: - Traditional

Title: - The SA Perfins on the

‘Long Toms’ of South

Australia from 1903 to 1914 The exhibit examines the Official

‘Long Toms’ stamps of South

Australia. Specifically it examines

the printings and errors of ‘S A’

perfins on the ‘Long Toms’.

4. John Pearson Class: Traditional

Title: - The Official stamps of

WA from 1862 to 1914

The exhibit looks at the adhesive

postage stamps used by West

Australian Government

departments from 1862 to 1907. It

also displays stamps used by

Commonwealth Government

departments from 1905 to 1914.

5. Edward Lean

Class: - Traditional

Title: - Australian ½d King

George V Printing Flaws

1915-1927

The exhibit shows printing

varieties of the ½d green & orange

King George V stamps. It shows a

variety of printing flaws: - white

spots around the kangaroo’s head,

the King’s head, emu and

kangaroo’s tongue and the value

shield. The exhibit shows the ‘8-

wattle’ variety as well as stamps for

the North West Pacific Islands as

well as a sheet of Cyprus-green-

coloured stamps.

6. Edward Lean


Title: - Australian 1d green

King George V Printing Flaws

1924 -1937 The exhibit of 1d green King

George V stamps shows the printed

flaws & retouches, white spot

under the King’s neck, the wattle-

line on the right, the joined “RA”

in “AUSTRALIA”, white dots

before the “1d”, joined “NY” in

“PENNY”, marks on the

kangaroo’s tongue, double

perforations & frame-lines, etc.

7. Edward Lean


Title: - Australian 1½d King

George V Printing Varieties

1918-1927 The exhibit shows a selective range

of 1½d King George V stamps

whose electros were damaged in

storage. Examples include no top

on Crown, gashes, broken frames,

“AUSTRALLA”, “PQSTAGE”.

“HREE”, “HAIF”, “HALE

PENCE” and small white spots.

8. Bruce Chadderton


Title: - Kenya Shell Definitives

(1971) Kenya issued a set of definitive

stamps in 1971 featuring shells

found along the Kenyan coast. The

issue was subject to two changes of


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nomenclature and a dubious

overprinting in 1975.

9. Derek Dolstra Class: Thematic

Title: - Methodism in Britain

The exhibit looks at aspects of the

development of Methodism in

Britain from the 18th

Century to the

present using covers produced by the

Methodist Philatelic Society and

local churches.

10. Derek Dolstra Class: - Postal

History

Title: - Mails in the period of

hyperinflation in the Weimar

Republic- 1923 The exhibit shows the numerous

changes in postal rates in Germany

in 1923 when postage for a less

than 20g letter went from 25 marks

to 80,000,000, 000 marks

11. Bruce Chadderton Class: Postal

History

Title: - 1949- The final year of

Republic of China to United

Sates Airmail rates to North

America. In the turbulent, final year of the

Republic of China’s presence on the

mainland, in 1949, a number of

different rates & routes were used to

get air mail to the Unites States &

Canada.

12. Andrew Small

Class: - Aerophilately

Title: - Lorres (Maude) Bonney

The exhibit shows first flight covers

from the pioneer Australian aviator

Lorres Bonney.

13. Ian Fuary Class: - Marcophily

Title: - The 1994 'Stamp Gang'

Cancellations

The exhibits show the printed stamp cancellations used in Australia Post’s retail products include the Stamp Collecting Kits and various Stamp Packs, as well as the first day of issue product. The ‘give-aways’ include the packets of stamps distributed (at no cost) especially through the various ‘youth philately’ activities.

14. Derek Dolstra Class: -

Frugal Philately

Title: - The French Postal

Network from the Revolution to

Railways

The exhibit shows stampless

correspondence and letter-rate covers

from 1789 to 1866 to outline the

development of France’s post road

network and later the development of

a railway network. When not at war

with England, mail was carried by

cross-Channel shipping.

15. Graeme Morris Class: - Open

Title: - The Mount Tarawera

eruption of 1886 The exhibit shows stamps &

postcards that commemorate this

event. The eruption included the

destruction of the famous Pink and

White Terraces.

16. Sydney Youth Stamp Group

Guest Exhibitor

Title: A Stamp Collage


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ORANGE SPRING FAIR 2018 1-FRAME STATE-LEVEL

COMPETITION – JUDGES MARKS AND AWARDS


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Tony Reads’ Tony’s Weeds exhibit, above, won him a Silver Award at State Level

The Sydney Youth Stamp Group’s invitation exhibit A Stamp Collage impressed visitors


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The Orange Coin and Stamp Expo 2018 Spring Fair Nov 17-18: JUDGES’ REPORT

Jim Johnstone and I left at midday on Friday November 16 to ensure a timely set up at the

Orange High School site.

Previously I had picked up 8 frames with poles and feet from Philas House and loaded them into

my Toyota Corolla. There was not a mm to spare in the fitting of the 8 frames in the boot of the

car with the backseats down. The frames were in a poor shape both from dirt and overall

appearance so I spent some time to clean them up and also refurbished the fastenings.

To my surprise I discovered that there are two types of frames and that the plastic is not the same

size in both. I replaced the existing screws with new countersunk 3/16” x ½” Whitworth thread

Phillips headed ones to ensure uniformity and to ease the removal and replacement with an

electric screwdriver. This also necessitated me drilling and tapping a number of ends where the

original thread was worn out. I also bought 4 clamps which hold the panels in place whilst the top

is removed.

On arrival at 5 pm we were greeted by the Orange Club officials Derek Dolstra the secretary and

Howard Lyons as well as Tony Read and our host for accommodation Genise Flynn. It took us

until 9 pm to mount the 8 frames as some of the entrants had used sheets that were taller than

recommended.

We started judging at 9.30 am on Saturday and completed the task at about 1.30 pm. We were

able to perform the judging without interference from the public who kept out of our way. In

agreement with Derek we decided to withhold the results until Sunday morning thus allowing

Derek to prepare the certificates overnight. Through Saturday and Sunday the Orange committee

looked after us most diligently supplying coffee, sandwiches and cakes in quantity more than we

could handle.

On Saturday night we were invited to join the other club members at a dinner at the local Hotel -

The Robin Hood where the meals and drinks were supplied to us.

After a mighty breakfast of eggs with all the trimmings provided by our host Genise and husband

Michael on Sunday morning we received the certificates from Derek and at about 11.30

announced the results of our deliberations.

Of the 15 entries we judged two at the gold Level with Derek Dolstra winning the overall award

for this Hyperinflation display with 89 points and the runner up being Ian Fuary with his

Gangland Cancellation on 86 points.

There were Vermeils to Bruce Chadderton for his ROC Airmail rates (83) and Kenya Shells (76)

and Graeme Morriss for his Mount Tarawera Eruption (76).

Silver was awarded to Tony Read for Tony’s Weeds (73), John Pearson’s W.A. Officials (69)

Derek Dolstra’s Methodism in Britain (69) and Ted Lean’s 1d Green KGV(65).

Ted Lean reached Silver Bronze for both his 1/2d KGV (64) and 1 1/2d KGV(63), Andrew

Small’s Aero entry of Lorres Bonney scored 64, Derek Dolstra’s French Postal Network achieved

(64), John Pearson’s S.A. Long Tom Perfins got 62, and Tony Read’s Tasmania finished on 58.

We were able to give a critique on the frames to those present and all expressed their appreciation

of the time we spent with them on their entries. We made a concerted effort to spend time on the

entries and believe that the advice given will result in higher marks for most entrants. The point

was made that in almost every case the material did not need enhancing just rearranging in order

to improve.

The show closed at 2.30 pm on Sunday and we were all packed up and ready to head for home at

3.15. Jim was delivered to his front door at 7.30 pm.

Altogether we both enjoyed the weekend and were told that we are expected back next year. We

shall see how it works out.

Ed Wolf


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Now at 3 Barrack St Sydney 2000

Ph (02) 9299 2047 & Fax (02) 9290 3710 remains the same. Their e-mail address is

[email protected]

The Club thanks them for their support over many years. Please continue to support them.

Wynyard Coins new premises at 3 Barrack St, Sydney

Whether you want advice or can’t find what you’re looking for, contact us. We have a wide array of collectables in our store and

our friendly team will be happy to assist you. Call us today on +612 9299 2047, or send an email

to [email protected] or visit our Sydney store.




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Also from the Central Western Daily of 26 November 2018, p13


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Rob Willis with coins & notes at the Club table at our Spring Fair 2018, above

The Wynyard Coin Centre tables at our Spring Fair 2018, below


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Steve Hamilton from Hamilton’s for Stamps with customers at our Spring Fair 2018

Win and Phil Morehouse busy with customers including Ray Norman at right


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COLIN RICHARDSON IS SELLING HIS STAMP

COLLECTION – 2nd notice

STAMP COUNTRIES/ENTITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE

COLIN RICHARDSON

Please contact him direct

Email: [email protected]

Ph: 63690634

[Symbols: A= in album; E= in envelopes - to guide me where to find!) Please feel free to contact me with a want list. Or come and see - but let me know which countries are of interest so I can have them ready - things are a little scattered!

Abu Dhabi [A] Aden [A E] Afghanistan [A] Aitutaki [A] Ajman [A E] Alaouites [A] Albania [A E] Alderney [A] Alexandretta [A] Algeria (Fr. and Indep.) [A E] Allenstein (plebiscite) [A] Alsace & Lorraine [A] Andorra [A E] Angola [A E] Angra [A] Anguilla [A] Anjouan [A] Annam & Tonkin [A] Antigua [A E] Antigua & Barbuda [A] Antioquia [A] Argentina [A E] Armenia [A E] Aruba [A] Ascension Island [A E] Aunus [A] Australia [A E] Australia (postmarked PNG) [A] Australian Antarctic Territory [A E] Austria [A E] Austrian POs in Ottoman Empire [A E] Austro-Hungarian Military Post [A] Austro-Hungarian Occ. of Italy [A] Austro-Hungarian Occ. of Romania [A] Azad Hind labels) [A] Azerbaijan [A E] Azores [A E] Bahamas [A E] Bahrain [A E] Bangladesh [A E] Baranya [A] Barbados [A] Barbuda [A] Basutoland [A E] Bechuanaland [A E] Belarus [A] Belgian Congo [A E] Belgian Congo (Congo Free State) [A] Belgian Occ of Eupen [A E] Belgian Occ of Eupen & Malmedy [A E] Belgian Occ of German East Africa [A] Belgian Occ of Germany [A] Belgian Occ of Malmedy [A E] Belgium [A E] Belize [A E] Benadir [A] Benin (Fr. & indep) [A} Bequia [A] Bermuda [A E]

Bhutan [A E] Biafra [A] Bjørn Øya [E] Bogota (local) [E] Bohemia & Moravia [A E] Bolivar [A] Bolivia [A E] Bophuthatswana [A] Bosnia & Herzegovina (Austrian) [A E] Bosnia & Herzegovina (Bosnia) [A] Bosnia & Herzegovina (Croatian) [A] Bosnia & Herzegovina (Serbian Rep) [A] Botswana [A E] Boyaca [E] Brazil [A E] British Agencies in Eastern Arabia [A] British Antarctic Territory [A] British Bechuanaland Prot. [A E] British Cameroon [A E] British Central Africa [A] British Com. Occ of Japan [A] British East Africa [A E] British Guiana [A E] British Honduras [A E] British Indian Ocean Territory [A] British Levant [A] British Occ of German East Africa [A] British Occ of Iraq [A] British Occ of Orange Free State) [A] British POs in China [A] British POs in Crete [A] British POs in Tangier [A] British Somaliland[A] British South Africa Company [A] British Virgin Islands [A E] Brunei [A] Buenos Aires [A] Bulgaria [A E] Bulgarian Occ of Romania [A] Burkina-Faso [A] Burma [A E] Burundi [A E] Caicos Islands [A] Cambodia (Fr. & indep) [A E] Cameroon (Fr & indep) [A E] Cameroon Expeditionary Force [E] Canada [A E] Canal Zone [A E] Cape Juby [A] Cape of Good Hope [A E] Cape Verde Islands [A] Caribbean Netherlands [E] Carpatho-Ukraine [A] Cauca [E] Cayman Islands [A E] Central Africa (Empire & Rep) [A E] Central Lithuania [A] Ceylon [A E] Chad (Fr. & indep) [A]

Channel Islands [A E] Chile [A E] Chilean Occ of Peru [E] China (Com. Central) [A] China (Com. East) [A] China (Com. South) [A] China (Com. North) [A] China (Com. Northeast) [A] China (Imperial & Nationalist Rep) [A] China (Nat. Northeast) [A] China (Peoples Republic) [A E] China Expeditionary Force (CEF) [A] Christmas Island [A E] Cilicia [A] Ciskei [A] Cocos (Keeling) Islands [A E] Colombia [A E] Comoros [A E] Confederate States [A E] Congo (Brazzaville) [A E] Congo (Kinshasa/Democratic Republic) [A] Constantinople (Liannos Local) [A] Cook Islands [A E] Costa Rica [A E] Crete [A} Crete - Revolutionary [A] Croatia (early) [A] Croatia (German puppet) [A] Croatia (indep) [A E] Cuba [A E] Cundinimarca [A] Curaçao [A] Cyprus [A E] Cyrenaica [A] Czech Republic [A E] Czechoslovakia [A E] Dahomey - Fr. & indep) [A E] Danish West Indies [A] Danzig [A] Denmark [A E] Diego Suarez [A] Djibouti (French & indep) [A E] Dominica [A E] Dominican Republic [A E] Donetsk Peoples Republic (Donbass) [E] Dubai [A] East Africa & Uganda [A E] Eastern Karelia [A] Eastern Rumelia [A] Eastern Silesia (plebiscite) [A] Ecuador [A E] Egypt [A E] Egyptian Expeditionary Forces (EEF) [A] Egyptian Occ of Palestine [A] Epirus [A] El Salvador [A E] Elobey, Annobon & Corisco [A] Equatorial Guinea [A E]


20

Eritrea [A] Eritrea (Br. Mil. Admin.) [A] Eritrea (Italian) [A E] Estonia [A E] Ethiopia [A E] Ethiopia (Italian Occ.) [A] Faeroe Islands [A E] Falkland Islands [A E] Falkland Island Dependencies [A E] Far Eastern Republic [A E] Federated Malay States) [A E] Fernando Poo [A] Fezzan Ghadames (Fr. Mil. Admin) [A] Fiji [A E] Finland [A E] Fiume [A] Fiume (Arbe) [E] Fiume (Carnaro regency) [A] Fiume (Veglia) [E] France [A E] French Colonies [A E] French Congo [A} French/English Occ of Togo [E] French Equatorial Africa [A] French Guiana [A E] French Guinea [A] French Indian Settlements [A] French Indochina [A} French Morocco [A E] French Occ of Baden [A] French Occ. of German Cameroon [A E] French Occ of Hungary [A] French Occ of Rhineland/Palatinate [A] French Occ of Saar [A] French Occ of Wurttemberg [A] French Polynesia [A] French PO in Alexandria [A] French PO in Canton [A] French PO in Cavalle [A] French POs in China [A] French POs in Crete [A] French PO in Dedeagach [E] French POs in KouangTcheou [A] French POs in Morocco [A] French POs in Levant [A] French PO in Mongtseu [A] French PO in Pakhoi [A] French PO in Port Said [A] French POs in Tangier [A E] French PO in Tchongking [A] French PO in Vathy [A] French PO in Yunnanfu [A] French POs in Zanzibar [A] French Settlements in Oceania [A] French Terr. of Afars & Issas [A] French Somali Coast [A E] French Sudan [A E] French West Africa [A E] Fujeira [A E] Funchal [A] Gabon [A] Galapagos Is [A] Gambia [A E] Georgia [A E] German Cameroon [A E] German Caroline Islands [E] German East Africa [A E] German Eastern Command [A] German Mariana Islands [A] German New Guinea [A E] German Occ of Albania [E] German Occ of Alsace [E] German Occ of Baltic States (WW2) [A] German Occ. of Belgium [A] German Occ of Crimea (WW1) [E] German Occ of Lorraine [E] German Occ of Luxembourg [A E}

German Occ of Poland (North) [A] German Occ of Poland (Warsaw) [A] German Occ of Poland (WW1) [A E] German Occ of Romania [A] German Occ of Russian Poland [E] German Occ. of Serbia [A] German Occ of Slovenia (Laibach) [E] German Occ of Ukraine [A] German POs in China [A E] German PO in Kiautschou [E] German POs in Morocco [A] German POs in Ottoman Empire [A E] German South West Africa [E] German States (Baden) [A E] German States (Bavaria) [A E] German States (Bergedorf) [A] German States (Brunswick/Braunschweig) [A] German States (Hamburg) [A E] German States (Hannover) [A] German States (Lübeck) [A] German States (Oldenburg) [A] German States (Prussia) [A E] German States (Saxony) [A E] German States (Schleswig-Holstein) [A] German States (Thurn & Taxis) [A E] German States (Wurttemberg) [A E] German Togo [A] German Western Command [A] Germany (Allied Occ.) [A] Germany (Anglo-American Zone) [A] Germany (DDR) [A E] Germany (Federal Rep. - West) [A E] Germany (French Zone) [A] Germany (North German Confederation) [A E] Germany (Reich) [A E] Germany (reunified) [A E] Germany (Saarland) [A] Germany (Schleswig - Plebiscite) [A] Germany (West Berlin) [A E] Ghana [A E] Gibraltar [A] Gilbert Islands [A] Gilbert & Ellice Islands [A] Gold Coast [A E] Graham Land [A] Grande Comore [A] Great Britain [A E] Great Britain (England) [A E] Great Britain (Scotland) [A E] Great Britain (Wales) [A E] Great Britain (Northern Ireland) [A E] Greece [A E] Greek Occ of Albania [A] Greek Occ. of Turkey [A] Greenland/Kalaallit Nunaat [A] Grenada [A E] Grenada Grenadines [A] Grenadines of St Vincent [A] Griqualand West [E] Guadeloupe [A] Guam [A] Guanacaste [A] Guatemala [A E] Guayana (Venezuela) [A] Guernsey [A E] Guinea [A E] Guinea-Bissau [A E] Guyana [A E] Hadramaut [A] Haiti [A E] Hatay [A] Hawaii [A] Hejaz [A] Heligoland [A E] Honduras [A]

Hong Kong [A E] Horta [A] Hungary [A E] Iceland [A E] Ifni [A] India [A E] Indian Expeditionary Forces (IEF) [A] Indian States (Alwar) [A] Indian States (Bawalpur) [A] Indian States (Bamra) [A] Indian States (Bhopal) [A E] Indian States (Bhor) [A] Indian States (Bundi) [A] Indian States (Bussahir) [A] Indian States (Chamba) [A E] Indian States (Charkhari) [A E] Indian States (Cochin) [A E] Indian States (Dhar) [A] Indian States (Duttia) [A] Indian States (Faridkot) [A] Indian States (Gwalior) [A E] Indian States (Hyderabad) [A E] Indian States (Indore/Holkar) [A] Indian States (Jaipur) [A E] Indian States (Jammu & Kashmir) [A] Indian States (Jhalawar) [A] Indian States (Jind) [A] Indian States (Kishangarh) [A] Indian States (Las Bela) [A] Indian States (Morvi) [E] Indian States (Nabha) [A] Indian States (Nandgaon) [A] Indian States (Patiala) [A] Indian States (Poonch) [A] Indian States (Rajasthan) [E] Indian States (Sirmoor) [A E] Indian States (Soruth/Saurashtra) [A] Indian States (Travancore) [A E] Indian States (Travancore-Cochin) [A] Indonesia [A E] Indonesia (Liberation Forces) [A E] Inhambane [A] Inini [A E] Iran (incl Persia) [A E] Iraq [A] Ireland [A E] Irian Barat [A] Isle of Man [A E] Israel [A E] Istria & Slovene Coast (Yugo. Mil. Govt) [A] Italian Aegean Italian Aegean (Calimno) [A] Italian Aegean (Caso) [A] Italian Aegean (Cos) [A] Italian Aegean (Karki) [A] Italian Aegean (Leros) [A] Italian Aegean (Lipso/Lisso) [A] Italian Aegean (Nisiros) [A] Italian Aegean (Patmos) [A] Italian Aegean (Piscopi) [A] Italian Aegean (Rodi/Rhodes) [A] Italian Aegean (Scarpanto) [A] Italian Aegean (Simi) [A] Italian Aegean (Stampalia) [A] Italian Austrla [A] Italian Austria (Trentino) [A] Italian Austria (Venezia Guilia) [A] Italian Colonies [A] Italian Cyrenaica [A] Italian East Africa [A] Italian Occ of Albania [E] Italian Occ of Corfu [A] Italian Occ of Ionian Islands [A E] Italian Occ of Ljubljana [A] Italian Occ of Montenegro [E] Italian PO in Albania [A]


21

Italian PO in Constantinople [A] Italian POs in Crete (La Canea) [A] Italian PO in Jerusalem [A] Italian POs in Ottoman Empire [A] Italian PO in Salonica [A] Italian PO in Smyrna [A] Italian PO in Tripoli [A] Italian Social Republic [A] Italian Tripolitania [A Italy [A E] Italy (National Republican Guard - GNR) [E] Ivory Coast [A E] Jamaica [A] Japan [A E] Japan (Aichi) [A] Japan (Akita) [A] Japan (Aomori) [A] Japan (Chiba) [A] Japan (Ehime) [A] Japan (Fukui) [A] Japan (Fukuoka) [A] Japan (Fukushima) [A] Japan (Gifu) [A] Japan (Gunma) [A] Japan (Hiroshima) [A] Japan (Hokkaido) [A] Japan (Hyogo) [A] Japan (Ibaraki) {A] Japan (Ishikawa) [A] Japan (Iwate) [A] Japan (Kagawa) [A] Japan (Kagoshima) [A] Japan (Kanagawa) [A] Japan (Kochi) [A] Japan (Kunamoto) [A] Japan (Kyoto) [A] Japan (Mie) [A] Japan (Miyagi) [A] Japan ( Miyazaki) [A] Japan (Nagano) [A] Japan (Nagasaki) [A] Japan (Nara) [A] Japan (Niigata) [A] Japan (Oita) [A] Japan (Okayama) [A] Japan (Okinawa) [A] Japan (Osaka) [A] Japan (Saga) [A] Japan (Saitama) [A] Japan (Shiga) [A] Japan (Shimane) [A] Japan (Shizuoka) [A] Japan (Tochigi) [A] Japan (Tokushima) [A] Japan (Tokyo) [A] Japan (Tottori) [A] Japan (Toyama) [A] Japan (Wakayama) [A] Japan (Yamagata) [A] Japan (Yamaguchi) [A] Japan (Yamanashi) [A] Jersey (German Occ) [A] Japanese Occ. of Burma [A E] Japanese Occ of Malaya [A] Japanese Occ of North Borneo [A] Japanese Occ. of North China [A] Japanese Occ of Perak [A] Japanese Occ of Philippines [A] Japanese Occ. of Selangor [A] Japanese Occ. of Shanghai & Nanking) [A] Java [A] Jersey [A E] Johore/Johor [A] Jordan [A E] Jordanian Occ of Palestine [A] Jubaland (Oltre Giuba)[A]

Kampuchea [A E] Katanga [A] Kazakhstan [A E] Kedah [A] Kelantan [A] Kenya [A E] Kenya & Uganda [A E] Kenya Uganda & Tanganyika [A E] Kenya Uganda & Tanzania [A E] Kionga [A] Kiribati [A E] Korea [A] Korea (North) [A E] Korea (South) [A E] Kuwait [A E] Kyrgyzstan [A E] Kosovo (UN admin) [A] Labuan [A] Lagos [A E] Laos [A E] Latakia [A] Latvia (Russian Occ) [A] Latvia (German Occ) [A] Latvia [A E] Leeward Islands [A] Lebanon [A] Lemnos [A] Lesotho [A E] Liberia [A E] Libya (Italian & Indep.) [A E] Liechtenstein [A E] Lithuania [A E] Lombardy & Venetia [A] Lourenço Marques) [A] Luxembourg [A E] Macau [A E] Macedonia [A] Madagascar (Fr. & indep) [A E] Madeira [A E] Mahra State [E] Malacca/Melaka [A] Malawi [A] Malaya (British Mil. Admin) [A] Malayan Federation [A] Malaysia [A] Maldives [A] Mali [A E] Malta [A E] Manama [A E] Manchukuo (Japanese puppet) [A E] Marienwerder (plebiscite) [A] Marshall Islands (German) [A] Marshall Islands (indep) [A E] Martinique [A E] Maturin (Venezuela) [A] Mauritania [A E] Mauritius [A E] Mayotte [A E] Memel [A] Memel/Klaipeda (Lithuanian Occ) [A] Mexico [A E] Micronesia (Federated States) [A] Middle Congo [A E] Middle East Forces (MEF) [A] Moheli [A] Moldova [A] Monaco [A] Mongolia [A E] Montenegro [A E] Montserrat [A E] Morocco [A] Morocco Agencies (British) [A] Mosul [A] Mozambique (Portuguese & indep) [A E] Mozambique Company) [A E] Muscat [A] Muscat & Oman [A]

Myanmar [A E] Nagorna-Karabakh [E] Namibia [A E] Naples [A] Natal [A] Nauru [A E] Negri/Negeri Sembilan) [A E] Neapolitan Provinces [A] Nepal [A E] Netherlands [A E] Netherlands Antilles [A] Netherands Indies [A] Netherlands New Guinea [A] Nevis [A E] New Brunswick [A] New Caledonia [A] New Guinea [A] New Hebrides - Br issues [A] New Hebrides - Fr. issues [A] New South Wales [A E] New Zealand [A E] New Zealand (private posts) [E] Newfoundland [A E] Nicaragua [A E] Niger [A] Niger Coast Protectorate [A] Nigeria [A] Niuafo'ou [A] Niue [A] Norfolk Island [A E] North Borneo [A] Northern Nigeria [A] Northern Rhodesia [A E+] North-west Pacific Islands [A] Norway [A E] Nossi Be [A] Nova Scotia [A] Nyasaland [A] Nyassa Company [A] Obock [A] Odessa Famine labels [A] Oil Rivers Protectorate [E] Oman ("State") [A E] Oman (Sultanate) [A E] Orange Free State [A] Orange River Colony [A] Ottoman Empire [A] Pahang [A] Pakistan [A E] Palestine [A] Panama [A] Papal States [A] Papua [A] Papua New Guinea [A E] Paraguay [A E] Penang/Pulau Pinang [A] Penrhyn Island [A] Perak [A] Perlis [A] Peru [A E] Philippines (Spanish) [A E] Philippines (US) [A E] Philippines [A E] Pitcairn Island [A E] Poland [A E] Poland (General Gouvernement) [A E] Poland (Rada Miejska - local) [A] Polish Corps in Italy [A] Polish PO in Danzig [A] Portugal [A E] Portuguese Africa [A E] Portuguese Congo [A] Portuguese Guinea [A] Portuguese India [A E] Portuguese Timor [A] Prince Edward Island [A E] Puerto Rico[A]


22

Qatar [A] Queensland [A] Quelimane [A] Rarotonga [A] Ras al Khaima [A E] Redonda [A] Réunion [A] Rhodesia [A] Rhodesia & Nyasaland [A] Riau [A] Rio de Oro [A] Rio Muni [A] Romania [A E] Romanian Occ of Hungary [A] Ross Dependency [A] Rouad Is) [A] Ruanda-Urundi [A E] Russia (Empire & Revolution) [A E] Russia (USSR) [A E] Russia (post-USSR) [A E] Russia (Denisov's Army) [E] Russia (Don Cossacks) [E] Russia (Kuban Cossacks) [E] Russia (NW Army) [E] Russia (Wrangell's Army) [E] Russian Occ of Leipzig [E] Russian Occ of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [E] Russian POs in China [A] Russian PO in Dardanelles [E] Russian PO in Kerassunde [E] Russian POs in Ottoman Empire [A E] Russian PO in Ottoman (ROPIT) [E] Russian PO in Rizeh [E] Russian PO in Trebizond [E] Rwanda [A E] Ryukyu Islands [A] Saar (post WW1) [A E] Sabah [A] St Helena [A E] St Kitts [A] St Kitts-Nevis [A E] St Kitts/Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla [A E] St Lucia [A E] St Pierre & Miquelon [A E] St Vincent [A] St Vincent & the Grenadines [A] Ste Marie de Madagascar [A] Samoa (pre-German) [A] Samoa (German) [A] Samoa (Western, incl NZ) [A] Santander [A] San Marino [A] São Tomé & Principe [A E] Sarawak [A] Sardinia [A] Saudi Arabia [A] Seiyun [A] Selangor [A] Senegal [A E] Serbia (pre- & post- Yugoslavia) [A E] Serbian Occ of Banat-Bacska [A] Seychelles [A E] Sharjah [A E] Shihr & Mukalla [A] Siberia (Kolchak Provisional Govt) [E] Sierra Leone [A]

Singapore [A E] Sint Maarten [E] Slovakia (German and Indep) [A E] Slovenia (early & indep) [A E] Solomon Islands (British & indep) [A] Somalia (Italian & indep) [A E] Somalia (bogus) [A] Somaliland (local) [A] South Africa [A E] South Arabia [A] South Australia [A] South Georgia [A] South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands [A] South Kasai [A] South Orkneys [A] South Shetlands [A] South West Africa [A E] South Yemen [A E] Southern Nigeria [A] Southern Rhodesia [A[ Spain [A E] Spain (Novelda local) [A] Spanish Guinea [A] Spanish Morocco [A] Spanish POs in Morocco [A] Spanish POs in Tangier [A E] Spanish Sahara [A] Spanish West Africa [A] Sri Lanka [A E] Stellaland [E] Straits Settlements [A] Sudan [A} Suez Canal [A] Sungei Ujong [A] Suriname [A] Swaziland [A E] Sweden [A E] Switzerland [A E] Syria [A E] Tahiti [A] Taiwan [A E] Tajikistan [A E] Tanganyika [A] Tannu Tuva [A E] Tanzania [A] Tasmania (Van Diemen's Land) [A] Tasmania [A] Tete [A] Thailand [A E] Thessaly [A] Thrace - Allied Occ [A E] Thrace - Western (Greek) [A] Tibet [A] Timor Leste [A] Tobago [A] Togo (Fr. & indep.) [A E] Tokelau Islands [A] Tolima [A E] Tonga [A E] Transcaucasian Federation [A] Transvaal [A] Trengganu/Terengganu [A] Trieste (Allied Mil. Govt) [A E] Trieste (Yugoslav Mil. Govt) [A] Trinidad [A] Trinidad & Tobago [A E]

Tripolitania (Br. Mil. Admin) [A] Tristan da Cunha [A] Trucial States [A] Tunisia (Fr. & indep.) [A] Turkey [A] Turkish Cypriot Post [A] Turkmenistan [A] Turks Islands [A] Turks & Caicos Islands [A] Tuvalu [A E] Tuvalu (Funafuti) [A] Tuvalu (Niutao) [A] Tuvalu (Nukufetau) [A] Umm al Qiwain [A] Ubangi-Shari [A] Ubangi-Shari-Chad [A] Uganda [A E] United Nations (Geneva) [A] United Nations (New York) [A] United Nations (Swiss Issues) [A] United Nations (Vienna) [A] Ukraine [A E] United Arab Emirates [A] United States [A E] United States Postal Agency in Shanghai [A] Upper Senegal & Niger [A] United Arab Republic [A] Upper Silesia (plebiscite) [A] Upper Volta (Fr. & indep) [A] Uzbekistan [A E] Uruguay [A E] Vanuatu [A E] Vatican City [A E] Venda [A] Venezia Giulia & Istria (Allied Mil. Govt) [A E] Venezuela [A] Victoria [A E] Vietnam (Empire) [A] Vietnam (North) [A E] Vietnam (South) [A] Vietnam (Viet Cong) [A] Vietnam (reunified ) [A E] Wallis & Futuna Islands [A] Walloon Legion (Nazi) [A] Wenden [A] West New Guinea [A] Western Australia [ E] Western Sahara [A] Western Ukraine [A] White Russia (locals) [A] Wilayah Persekutuan [A] Yemen Arab Republic [A E] Yemen (Mutawakelite Kingdom) [A E] Yemen P.D.R. [A E] Yugoslavia [A E] Yugoslav Occ of Trieste (partisan) [E] Zaire [A] Zambezia [A] Zambia [A E] Zanzibar (Sultanate) [A E] Zanzibar (Tanzania issues) [A] Zil Elwannyen Sesel [A E] Zimbabwe [A] Zululand [A]


23

MULREADY LETTER-SHEETS & ENVELOPES

At our just-held Spring Fair your editor “lashed out” and purchased a Mulready letter sheet. It

wasn’t a good one. It was addressed and probably not sent. It was in less-than-perfect

condition, but it cost less than $150. Nice ones with clear Maltese Cross postmarks can sell

for serious money. One was seen on e-bay for £3,000.

The author’s Mulready sheet addressed to a Mr Edwards in Ynys-Caeditwig, near Newbridge

in Glamorganshire in Wales. It may or may not have been sent as there are no postal

markings.

These ‘curiosities’ were available as either postal stationery sheets, or, like the one above, or

as envelopes.


24

Front of an unused 1d Mulready envelope

They were introduced by the British Post Office as part of Sir Rowland Hill’s postal reforms,

together with the 1d Black postage stamp in 1840. They went on sale from 1 May 1840 and

were valid for postage from 6 May 1840, the same as the 1d “Penny Black” postage stamp.

The name ‘Mulready’ arises from the designer, William Mulready (1786-1863), who was

born in Ennis in county Clare. He was a well-known artist and had been erected to the Royal

Academy. While living in London he had been introduced by the Chancellor of the

Exchequer, Francis Baring, to Rowland Hill to assist in the design of the proposed postal

stationery. He started work on December 12th

1839 and completed his task in 3 days.

William Mulready


25

His design showed Britannia overseeing the peoples of the World. Some were shown either

writing or reading letters. On the left a child is shown reading a letter. Also shown are

Orientals with two elephants and camels. A lion lies asleep under Britannia. To the right of

Britannia William Penn is shown talking to Native Americans. A number of people are

standing under a palm tree and a British mother reads to her children.

The Royal Academy approved the design on 4th

January 1840. It was engraved on brass

plates by John Thompson who finished on 1st April 1840 when the first proofs were made.

Rowland Hill brought the proofs to the Royal Academy on 10th

April 1840. They were very

happy with them.

The sheets were printed by William Clowes in two denominations. 1d sheets and envelopes

were available for under ½ ounce weight and 2d sheets and envelopes were available for up

to 1 ounce. Additional postage could be and were added using postage stamps.

At the time what we now call a stamp was called a “label”. The word stamp then referred to

an impression or strike to indicate the payment of postage.

The 1d sheet and envelop, printed in black, was sold for 1½d. The 2d sheet & envelope,

printed in blue, was sold for 2½d.

Envelopes were printed in sheets of 12. Envelopes were produced on the basis that they

could hold enclosures. Envelopes were not glued. Instead, sealing wax was used to hold the

folds together. The paper contained silk threads as a precaution against forgery.

1d Mulready letter-sheet with additional 1d black and 1d red-brown stamps posted on 26

February 1841


26

The 2d envelope was printed in blue. This one was posted from London to Stafford

Sometimes the letter-sheets were overprinted with advertisements from a variety of

businesses and Government organisations. The envelopes did not show and advertisements.

Unfortunately the Mulready design was greeted with derision by the British public. Rowland

Hill had originally anticipated that the envelopes and letter-sheets would be more popular

than the postage stamps. But that was not to be. Within a week of its issue, Rowland Hill was

forced to explain: - “I fear we will be obligated to substitute some other stamp for that

designed by Mulready, which is abused and criticised on all sides.” Victorian newspapers

showed lampooned versions of the Mulready envelope Hundreds of un-official envelopes

privately printed showing caricatured versions of the Mulready envelope..


27

Comic envelopes, after the Mulready envelope. There were about 2 hundred.

Due to unpopularity the 1d envelopes were withdrawn from sale at Post offices at the end of

January 1941. The 2d envelopes were finally withdrawn from sale in Post Offices in April

1844. Supplies in Post Offices were exhausted early on, but large supplies remained in the

hands of Stamp Distributers and Sub Distributers. In November 1842 it was decided that

these stocks should be withdrawn. Withdrawal notices were sent out gradually, over a period

of time so that store-keepers at Inland Revenue would not be overwhelmed with the volume


28

of returned Mulready’s. The withdrawal period lasted two years, so that the letter-sheets

were not finally withdrawn until 1844.

The returned Mulready’s were stored in a warehouse until it was decided what to do with

them. The first attempt to burn them in 1862 failed. Finally a machine was designed and

built to destroy them by punching out the centre of the design. Within two months of their

issue the Mulready’s were “replaced” by a simple design known as the “Penny Pink”

(actually red-brown). The “Penny Pink“ stamps were issued on 10 February 1841.

The Mulready envelope was printed in sheets of 12 and guillotined out into parallelograms

Comic envelope after a Mulready posted from London to Kilmarnock showing a 1d Penny

Black cancelled by a red-ink Maltese Cross obliterator


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French coins, politics and the economy under the third republic.

In my previous article I described the changes in the types of French coins as France passed through three republics, two empires and a temporary restoration of the monarchy, all within the space of a single lifetime. Changes did take place in the republican regimes which followed the collapse of the Second Empire after defeat in the Franco – Prussian war of 1870 -1 but they reflected economic circumstances rather than republican sentiments. The Third Republic which followed the downfall of Napoleon III in 1870 lasted a comparable amount of time but saw comparable dramatic changes in the coinage. The Third Republic was a little uncertain as to which path to follow, politically at any rate. In Paris there was a revolt by proto communists (“communards”) who struck coins distinguished from regular republican issues only by the addition of a trident mint mark.

Silver two francs struck at the start of the Third Republic. The anchor mintmark at the right base of the reverse was replaced by a trident on coins struck at the Paris mint by the communards. The type is a direct copy of Second Republic issue.

The monarchists attempted a restoration of the Bourbons in the person of Henry ‘V’, better known as Duc du Chambord, grandson of the Charles X deposed some forty years earlier. His supporters struck fantasy coins with his portrait, modelled on the types issued previously under the restored monarchy of 1815-1848. He was opposed initially by the crown pretender descended from Louis Philippe but both monarchist factions agreed upon Chambord eventually became he was childless and upon his death the claim to throne would devolve to Louis Philippe’s line. However, Chambord insisted upon the tricolour French flag taking second place to the royal arms. This standoff continued until Chambord’s death in 1883 by which time the French had become accustomed to living as a republic and a republic it remained despite all manner of constitutional crises. The Bonapartists contemplated a restoration of the Empire in the person of “Napoleon IV”, only son of the defeated Napoleon III, and also issued fantasy coins of French type in his name. Any prospect of a Napoleonic vanished when Napoleon junior was killed while serving with the British Army in South Africa. Despite the large damages paid to the newly united Germany French coins continued to be struck in great quantities, even large gold denominations.


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This silver five francs also hearkens back to issues of the First and Second Republics and was struck (1874) during the period of uncertainty as to whether France would remain a republic or revert to a monarchy.

Gold 100 francs dated 1881 but the design is taken directly from the revolutionary coinage at the start of the First Republic in 1789. Despite having to pay war damages of 5, 000,000,000 francs to the Prussian government there was enough gold for regular issues of large denominations such as this 100 franc piece. Although in about EF condition it does show slight wear on high points suggesting that it may have seen some circulation. Despite this such coins sell for little above bullion price. It is very likely that this coin made its way to Spain in the course of trade and became part of the Spanish god reserve. During the Spanish Civil War the Spanish Republican Government was forced to use the gold reserve to buy weapons, the only seller prepared to do business being the Soviet Union. Hence all of Spain’s gold, much of it originating in France, found its way to Russia. In recent decades much of this gold has dribbled back into the world market. French uncertainty as to whether it would be republican or monarchical in character seems to have been reflected in the coin designs to the end of the nineteenth century. Change from types circulating during the Second Republic remained the order of the day.

Gold ten francs struck in 1899 but with a design hearkening back fifty years to the Second Republic. To be continued…

Lawrence Sherwin


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Documents

The NEWSLETTER OF THEclub.philas.org.au/orange/pdf/Newsletter_2018_November.pdf- Page & STAMP CLUB INC NEWSLETTER FOR - 3 ORANGE COIN 27 NOVEMBER 2018 3 Although Newcastle Club staged