THE NEW TESTAMENT WORLD OF JESUS

Textbook chapter 2

A. PALESTINE 1. Various NAMES for this

Geographic Area Palestine (Greeks) Promised Land The Holy Land Land of Israel Land of Judah

A. PALESTINE (CONTINUED)

2. The SIZE of Palestine Mileage:

145 miles north to south 25-87 miles west to east

Comparisons: About the same size as Massachusetts Distance from north to south = Albany to

NYC Shortest distance from west to east = OLM

to Brockport Longest distance from west to east = OLM

to Niagara Falls

A. PALESTINE (CONTINUED)

3. Getting from here to there Mode of transportation =

WALKING Average pace is about 3 miles per hour

Can only walk during daylight hours Need to stop for food and rest during the journey

A. PALESTINE (CONTINUED)

3. Getting from here to there (continued) Calculate the travel time between the

following locations: Tyre to Nazareth - about 40 miles

13 hours/1.5 days similar to OLM to Geneva outlets…

45 min. by car Nazareth to Jerusalem - about 75

miles 2.5 days of walking

Similar to OLM to Niagara Falls…1.5 hours by car

A. PALESTINE (CONTINUED)

4. Geography See textbook worksheet for notes

WORKSHEET “QUIZ” P.4 1. Which region was the center of

Jesus’ earthly ministry? 2. What was the population of

Jesus’ hometown? 3. Name the event that increased

the hatred between Judean Jews & Samaritans.

4. Describe the terrain of Judea. 5. What major body of water is in

the southern part of the region of Judea?

WORKSHEET “QUIZ” P.2 1.In which of the 4 terrains of

Palestine did Jesus’ ministry occur? 2. In which region is Jesus’

hometown of Nazareth? 3. Name one way the Samaritans’

religious tradition differed from mainline Jews.

4. What city is the political, economic, and religious center of Judaism?

5. What was Herod’s greatest building project?

WORKSHEET “QUIZ” P.5 1. Name 3 bodies of water in

Palestine. 2. Which city in Galilee was the

“headquarters” for Jesus’ ministry? 3. Which region is in the north

central part of Palestine? 4. What was the regular population

of Jerusalem? 5. List 3 other significant cities in

Judea.

WORKSHEET “QUIZ” P.9 1. List 4 different terrains within

Palestine. 2. Who was the ruler of Galilee

during Jesus’ lifetime? 3. Name one way Samaritans’

religious tradition differed from mainline Jews.

4. Name the southern region of Palestine.

5. List 4 trades of Jews in Jerusalem.

B. LANGUAGE 1. Aramaic

Look up the following passages from the Gospel of Mark that contain Aramaic words:

7:34 5:41 15:22 15:34

A key Aramaic word used in a unique way by Jesus was _______________ (Mark 14:36) Best translated as “daddy” Showed Jesus’ close relationship with God

B. LANGUAGE (CONTINUED)

2. Hebrew It is likely that Jesus knew some

Hebrew Learned at synagogue

B. LANGUAGE (CONTINUED)

3. Greek Common language used throughout

the Roman Empire Jesus likely had limited knowledge of

Greek The New Testament was written in

Greek

B. LANGUAGE (CONTINUED)

4. Techniques Read the passages listed below and match

them with the technique they demonstrate.

Matthew 18:8-9

Matthew 13:31

Matthew 5:44

Parallel StatementsComparisons

Exaggeration

C. RELIGION 1. Places of Worship

Synagogues

Temple

Quantity

Important Function(s)Physical DescriptionImportant PeopleSacred SpaceSpecial worship days

THE TEMPLE

WHAT REMAINS OF THE TEMPLE TODAY

C. RELIGION Using the information on textbook

pages 61 and 62, choose and complete one of the tasks below: A. Draw a sketch of what a synagogue

would have looked like in 1st century Palestine

B. Make an outline of a typical Sabbath service at a synagogue

C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)

2. Jewish Feasts A. PASSOVER

Most important Jewish feast Celebrated liberation from Egypt Celebrated in late March/April Traditional Practices:

Slaughter of Paschal Lamb Eating of Seder Meal

C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)

2. Jewish Feasts (continued) B. PENTECOST

50 days after Passover Celebrated God giving the Law to Moses (Sinai Covenant)

C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)

2. Jewish Feasts (continued) C. DAY OF ATONEMENT (Yom

Kippur) Solemn day of repentance for sins Historically the high priest would enter the Holy of Holies (purification)

Observed in the Fall (Sept/early Oct)

C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)

2. Jewish Feasts (continued) D. FEAST OF

TABERNACLES/BOOTHS Recalls time in the desert as nomads Fall (Sept/Oct) harvest celebration Travelers build huts to recall Jews’ time in the wilderness

C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)

2. Jewish Feasts (continued) E. HANUKKAH

Feast of Dedication Commemorates the Temple’s re-dedication after the Maccabean Revolt gained Jewish independence (164 BCE)

Celebrated in December

C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)

2. Jewish Feasts (continued) Label the images with the appropriate Jewish Feast.

C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)

3. Important 1st Century Jewish Beliefs A. Messiah

Belief that the messiah was coming SOON 3 common expectations:

B. Covenant God’s Chosen People Believe in & observe the Torah (Law)

C. RELIGION (CONTINUED)

3. Important 1st Century Jewish Beliefs (continued) C. Torah

Comes from word meaning “instruction” or “guidance”

Study and live out Torah Heart of Jewish religion today

TANAK: Law (Torah), Prophets (Nebiim), Writings (Ketubim)

D. Judgment & Resurrection Belief in afterlife common among Jews

after 2nd century B.C.E.

D. POLITICS See textbook worksheet for notes

E. PEOPLE 1. 4 Religious “Philosophies”/Sects

See handout for notes 2.

SADDUCEES

Sanhedrin

Conservative in religion—but liberal in politics

Think-Temple

PHARISEES

Conservative in politics but liberal in religion interpretation

Think-Synagogue

ESSENES

ZEALOTS