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DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL © 2014
Santiago, March 04, 2015 Jan Tellkamp
The policy change:
1
the new regulation on energy and the environment in Europe and worlwide.
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
Why?
2
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
Developments towards 2030
3
2016
NOx tier III for new builds in North
America
2015 2018 2030
EEDI phase 4
2025 2020
Additional ECAs established
Operational requirements on
CO2
HK Recycling convention ratified
Adopted
Possible
Global CO2 monitoring, reporting
and verification
0.1% ECA sulphur limit
EU CO2 monitoring, reporting and verification
Ballast Water Convention - entry
into force
BC, noise, bio-fouling and VOC
regulation
EEDI phase 1 EEDI phase 2
EEDI phase 3
0.5% global sulphur cap
EU Recycling Regulation
EU 0.5% sulphur cap
US BW requirements
0.5% global sulphur cap
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
Existing Emission Control Areas
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DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
Enforcement
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– In Europe, approximately 0.1% of all commercial vessels are inspected annually. Half of these are found non-compliant.
– Generally more inspections in US than EU waters, inspection likelihood and fine level differ significantly between countries
– Fines for SECA non-compliance (in EU from 1,500-50,000€) do not match potential savings, non-compliance creates a competitive advantage US, Denmark, Finland are, or will be, implementing more rigorous inspections, other countries likely to follow
– Detention for non-compliance likely to be effective deterrent, but unclear whether port states will consider this
– Industry grouping (Trident Alliance) lobbying for robust EU enforcement
– accuracy and trustworthiness of bunker delivery note will become even more critical
Future inspection technologies under consideration:
– Helicopters and/or drones for remote exhaust gas sampling / screening
– Use of “sniffing” devices (test installation on Great Belt Bridge, Hamburg)
– Combined AIS and “sniffing” devices on all vessels?
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
EU developments – CO2 Monitoring, Reporting and Verification scheme
Ships above 5000 GT (all flags) have to annually report CO2 emission on voyages to, from and between EU ports
Regulation in effect January 1 2018, reporting plans to be ready by September 1 2017
Four monitoring methods
− Bunker Fuel Delivery Note (BDN)
− Fuel tank sounding on board
− Fuel flow meters
− Direct emissions measurements
Efficiency data, i.e. tonne-nm also to be reported
Political agreement with EU Council and Parliament reached, legal adoption expected January 2015
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
New ECAs – fact or fiction?
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Turkish Straits in 2018? Hong Kong /
Guangdong?
Mexico in ‘17/’18?
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
Key driver for LNG
20 % Carbon Dioxide, CO2
99 % Sulfur Oxides, Sox
85 % Nitric Oxides, NOx
99 % Particulate Matter, PM
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O OC
N
O O
N
O O
C
H
H
H
H
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
Small scale LNG going global
9
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
“Lot 1”
“Analysis and evaluation of identified gaps and of the remaining aspects for completing an EU-wide framework for marine LNG distribution, bunkering and use”
Scope of work
– OVERVIEW OF RELEVANT ORGANISATIONS & REGULATORS
– OVERVIEW OF RELEVANT PREVIOUS STUDIES
– REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS RELATED TO THE LNG SUPPLY CHAIN:
– SHORE SIDE
– WATERSIDE
– BUNKERING INTERFACE & OPERATION
– PERMITTING PROCESSES
– QRA APPROACH AND RISK ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
– INCIDENT REPORTING
– IDENTIFIED REGULATORY GAPS RELATED TO LNG BUNKERING AND PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATIONS
– IMPACT ASSESSMENT
10
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
Key Enabler for LNG bunkering to develop in ports
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LNG availability, for example the nearby presence
of an import terminal
Reliable & safe logistical concepts
Legal certainty, established
legislation and regulatory framework
Favorable investment climate &
taxation regime
Necessary competences, knowledge &
skills
Public acceptance
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
LNG infrastructure, globally
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Existing Planned (Feasibility study, risk study, proposed locations, pending approval)
Proposed (currently being discussed)
* See detailed map
Europe*
Busan Dubai
Singapore
Incheon Nanjing
Wuhan
Buenos Aires
New York
Fourchon
Tadoussac
Tacoma
Duluth
Gaolan Hambantota
Turkish strait & Marmara Sea
Jacksonville Pyeongtaek Shanghai
Zhoushan Santander
Algeciras Cartagena
Valencia Barcelona Ferrol
Seattle Vancouver Sarnia
Mississippi river
Louisiana
DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
Existing Planned (Feasibility study, risk study, proposed locations, pending approval)
Proposed (currently being discussed)
Small scale LNG clusters across Europe
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DNV GL © 2014 Santiago, March 04, 2015
Opportunities in an emerging industry
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