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The n _TOF facility at CERN. somewhere around h ere. www.cern.ch/ n _TOF. CERN accelerator C omplex. n _TOF. Linac(s): up to 50 MeV PSB: up to 1 GeV PS: up to 24 GeV. www.cern.ch/ n _TOF. The n _TOF facility at CERN. www.cern.ch/ n _TOF. sample. June 2004. n _TOF. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The The nn_TOF facility at CERN_TOF facility at CERN
somewhere around here
www.cern.ch/n_TOF
CERN accelerator CERN accelerator CComplexomplex
n_TOF
Linac(s): up to 50 MeV PSB: up to 1 GeV PS: up to 24 GeVLinac(s): up to 50 MeV PSB: up to 1 GeV PS: up to 24 GeVwww.cern.ch/n_TOF
The The nn_TOF facility at CERN_TOF facility at CERN
www.cern.ch/n_TOF
44
nn_TOF_TOF nn_TOF commissioned_TOF commissioned
in 2002in 2002
www.cern.ch/n_TOF
sample
June 2004
nn_TOF basic parameters_TOF basic parameters
proton beam momentumproton beam momentum 20 GeV/c20 GeV/c
intensity intensity (dedicated mode)(dedicated mode) 7 x 107 x 1012 12 protons/pulseprotons/pulse
repetition frequencyrepetition frequency 1 pulse/2.4s1 pulse/2.4s
pulse widthpulse width 6 ns (rms)6 ns (rms)
n/pn/p 300300
lead target dimensionslead target dimensions 80x80x60 cm80x80x60 cm33
cooling & moderation materialcooling & moderation material HH22OO
moderator thickness in the exit moderator thickness in the exit faceface
5 cm5 cm
neutron beam dimension in EAR-1neutron beam dimension in EAR-1
(capture mode)(capture mode)2 cm (FWHM)2 cm (FWHM)
TThe real worldhe real world nn_TOF beam _TOF beam
characteristics: characteristics: Neutron intensity Neutron intensity in the full energy in the full energy rangerange
2nd collimator =1.8 cm
TThe real worldhe real world
TAC 237Np(n,) 2004 measurement
www.cern.ch/n_TOF
nn_TOF beam _TOF beam characteristics: characteristics: energy resolutionenergy resolution
nn_TOF experiments _TOF experiments 2002-42002-4
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208PbPb, , 209209BiBi
232232ThTh
24,25,2624,25,26MgMg
90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa
186,187,188186,187,188OsOs
233,234233,234UU
237237NpNp,,240240PuPu,,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU
232232ThTh
209209BiBi237237NpNp
241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
The n_TOF Collaboration
1.1. CCross sections relevant for ross sections relevant for Nuclear AstrophysicsNuclear Astrophysics
2.2. MMeasurements of neutron cross easurements of neutron cross sections relevant for Nuclear sections relevant for Nuclear Waste Transmutation and related Waste Transmutation and related Nuclear TechnologiesNuclear Technologies
3.3. NNeutrons as probes for eutrons as probes for fundamental Nuclear Physicsfundamental Nuclear Physics
The The nn_TOF-Ph_TOF-Ph22 experiments experiments
Capture measurementsCapture measurementsMo, Ru, Pd stable isotopes
Fe, Ni, Zn, and Se (stable isotopes)79Se
A≈150 (isotopes varii)
234,236U, 231,233Pa
235,238U
239,240,242Pu, 241,243Am, 245Cm
r-process residuals calculationisotopic patterns in SiC grains
s-process nucleosynthesis in massive starsaccurate nuclear data needs for structural materials
s-process branching pointslong-lived fission products
Th/U nuclear fuel cycle
standards, conventional U/Pu fuel cycle
incineration of minor actinides
n_TOF-Ph2
Fission measurementsFission measurementsMA
235U(n,f) with p(n,p’)
234U(n,f)
ADS, high-burnup, GEN-IV reactors
new 235U(n,f) cross section standard
study of vibrational resonances at the fission barrier
Other measurementsOther measurements147Sm(n,), 67Zn(n,), 99Ru(n,)58Ni(n,p), other (n,lcp)
Al, V, Cr, Zr, Th, 238U(n,lcp)
He, Ne, Ar, Xe
n+D2
p-process studiesgas production in structural materials
structural and fuel material for ADS and other advanced nuclear reactors
low-energy nuclear recoils (development of gas detectors)
neutron-neutron scattering length
n_TOF-Ph2
The The nn_TOF-Ph_TOF-Ph22 experiments experiments
n_TOF-Ph2
n_TOF targetn_TOF target
NewExperimentalArea (EAR-2)
The second n_TOF beam line & The second n_TOF beam line & EAR-2EAR-2
EAR-1 (at 185 m)
~ 20 m~ 20 m
Flight-path length : Flight-path length : ~~20 m20 mat 90at 90° respect to p-beam direction° respect to p-beam directionexpected neutron flux enhancement: 20 - 100expected neutron flux enhancement: 20 - 100drastic reduction of the tdrastic reduction of the t00 flash flash
Flight-path length : Flight-path length : ~~20 m20 mat 90at 90° respect to p-beam direction° respect to p-beam directionexpected neutron flux enhancement: 20 - 100expected neutron flux enhancement: 20 - 100drastic reduction of the tdrastic reduction of the t00 flash flash
Improvements (ex: Improvements (ex: 151151Sm case)Sm case)
sample mass / 3 sample mass / 3 s/bkgd=1s/bkgd=1 use BaFuse BaF22 TAC TAC x 10 x 10 use Duse D22OO 3030 x 5 x 5 use 20 m flight pathuse 20 m flight path 3030 x 100 x 100
consequences for consequences for sample masssample mass
50 mg50 mg
5 mg 5 mg 1 mg1 mg 10 10 gg
boosts sensitivity by a factor of 5000 !
problems of sample production and safety issues relaxed
EAR-EAR-22: Optimized sensitivity: Optimized sensitivity
The The nn_TOF Collaboration_TOF Collaboration
40 Research Institutions40 Research Institutions120 researchers 120 researchers www.cern.ch/n_TOF
The The EEndnd
www.cern.ch/n_TOF
RResultsesults
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsU Abbondanno et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004), 161103
• branching isotope in the Sm-Eu-Gd region: test for low-mass TP-AGB
• branching ratio (capture/-decay) provides infos on the thermodynamical conditions of the s-processing (if accurateaccurate capture rates are known!)
Sm
Eu
Gd
150Sm
151Sm 93 a
152Sm
153Sm 42.27 h
154Sm
151Eu
152Eu 9 h
153Eu
154Eu 8.8 a
155Eu 4.761 a
156Eu 15.2 d
152Gd
153Gd
239.47 d
154Gd
155Gd
156Gd
157Gd
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
n_TOF experimentsn_TOF experimentsU Abbondanno et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
NIM A 521 (2004) 454
• 206 mg of 151SmO3
• encapsulated in 0.1 mm Ti• 200 GBq (5.3 Ci) activity
PHWT:accuracy better than 2%
(MC simulations of WF validated by measurements of resonances in 56Fe & others)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
n_TOF experimentsn_TOF experiments
Very low background in capture cross sectionVery low background in capture cross sectionmeasurements on radioactive targetsmeasurements on radioactive targets
U Abbondanno et al. - The n_TOF CollaborationPhys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004), 161103
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsU Abbondanno et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004), 161103
MACS-30 = 3100 ± 160 mbMACS-30 = 3100 ± 160 mb
<D0> = 1.48 ± 0.04 eV, S0 = (3.87 ± 0.20)×10-4
MACS-30 = 3100 ± 160 mbMACS-30 = 3100 ± 160 mb
<D0> = 1.48 ± 0.04 eV, S0 = (3.87 ± 0.20)×10-4
n_TOF
The n_TOF Collaboration
Main uncertainty components:- 3% flux normalization- 2% detector’s WF- 3% BG subtraction
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
IImplications mplications
Using the “classical” s-process model we obtain T8 > 4incompatible with realistic He-shell burning conditions
95% of neutrons are producedby 13C(,n) at kT ~ 8 keV. Underthese conditions, 152Gd cannotbe produced
During the He-burning episodethe 22Ne(,n) is activated atkT ~ 23 keV. The 151Sm -decay is fast enough to produce 70% of observed 152Gd (solar)
Present main uncertainties:• (T) of 151Sm• stellar capture rate
Inverse reactions
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
Very low neutron sensitivity of capture Very low neutron sensitivity of capture -ray-raydetection systems & high resolutiondetection systems & high resolution
C Domingo-Pardo, et al. - The n_TOF CollaborationND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004207Pb(n,)
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
Very low neutron sensitivity of capture Very low neutron sensitivity of capture -ray-raydetection systems & high resolutiondetection systems & high resolution
C Domingo-Pardo, et al. - The n_TOF CollaborationND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004209Bi(n,)
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
Low PS duty-cycle favours meaasurementsLow PS duty-cycle favours meaasurementson radiactive sampleson radiactive samples
F Gunsing, et al. - The n_TOF CollaborationND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004
232Th(n,)
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
Very low neutron sensitivity of capture Very low neutron sensitivity of capture -ray-raydetection systems & high resolutiondetection systems & high resolution
F Gunsing, et al. - The n_TOF CollaborationND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004
232Th(n,)
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
Very low neutron sensitivity of capture Very low neutron sensitivity of capture -ray-raydetection systems & high resolutiondetection systems & high resolution
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
Very low neutron sensitivity of capture Very low neutron sensitivity of capture -ray-raydetection systems & high resolutiondetection systems & high resolution
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsL Marques, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
The n_TOF Collaboration
L Marques, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
The n_TOF Collaboration
The extracted resonance parameters were compared witha previous measurement (Boldeman et al., 1976)
L Marques, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsC Moreau, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004
The n_TOF Collaboration
≈≈ 20% lower20% lowerthan previous than previous
datadata
The extracted resonance parameters were compared withprevious measurements (Boldeman et al., 1976; Others)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
Very low neutron sensitivity of capture Very low neutron sensitivity of capture -ray-raydetection systems & high resolutiondetection systems & high resolution
93Zr(n,): raw data from 2004 measurement 10 mm
The n_TOF Collaboration
(n,(n,) x-section of ) x-section of 139139LaLa
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
139139LaLa
• Neutron magic N=82• mostly produced by the s-process• small x-section (resonance dominated) bottleneck in the s-process flow• accurate abbundance measurements exist can be used for normalization of s-process abundance
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
139La(n,) R Terlizzi, et al. (INFN)
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
Remarkable energy resolution and background conditions Remarkable energy resolution and background conditions have allowed to determine the resonance parameters up to 9 keVhave allowed to determine the resonance parameters up to 9 keVIn the past, the best experimental data did not exceed 2.7 keV.In the past, the best experimental data did not exceed 2.7 keV.
R Terlizzi et al. (INFN)
The n_TOF Collaboration
Up to 2.7 KeV:Up to 2.7 KeV:<capture strength> <capture strength> n_TOFn_TOF < 10% of Nakajima + Musgrove< 10% of Nakajima + Musgrove
< 20% of databases< 20% of databases
MACS-30 in agreement with the FZK activation measurement(s)MACS-30 in agreement with the FZK activation measurement(s)
139La(n,)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments139La(n,) R Terlizzi et al. (INFN)
The n_TOF Collaboration
• The measurement at n_TOF confirmed the MACS-30 of the FZK The measurement at n_TOF confirmed the MACS-30 of the FZK activation measurement (O’Brien et al., PRC 68 (2003) 35801)activation measurement (O’Brien et al., PRC 68 (2003) 35801)
• With the new MACS, the With the new MACS, the ss-process contribution to the La -process contribution to the La production in TP-AGB is 73% (with respect to solar)production in TP-AGB is 73% (with respect to solar)
• A combined analysis with the Eu abundance (mostly A combined analysis with the Eu abundance (mostly rr) may furnish ) may furnish evidence on the origin and nature of the evidence on the origin and nature of the s-s- and and r-r- productions productions
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
• Long Long -decay half-life of -decay half-life of 187187ReRe
• s-only s-only 186186Os and Os and 187187OsOs
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsM Mosconi, et al. – (The n_TOF Collaboration)ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004
Very low neutron sensitivity of capture Very low neutron sensitivity of capture -ray-raydetection systems & high resolutiondetection systems & high resolution
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsM Mosconi, et al. – (The n_TOF Collaboration)ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004
Very low neutron sensitivity of capture Very low neutron sensitivity of capture -ray-raydetection systems & high resolutiondetection systems & high resolution
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
Theory still needed!Theory still needed!
For example, in 187Os at kT = 30 keV it is:
P(gs) = 33%P(1st) = 47%P(all others) = 20%
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
Age: Re/Os and Th/U clocks Age: Re/Os and Th/U clocks complementary
8.5 10.5
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
nn_TOF TAC in operation_TOF TAC in operation
The n_TOF Collaboration
233U(n,) W Dridi, E Berthoumieux, et al., (Dec. 2004)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
nn_TOF TAC in operation_TOF TAC in operation
W Dridi, E Berthoumieux, et al., (Dec. 2004)
The n_TOF Collaboration
234U(n,)
1.) Room + target frame background2.) Background due to the Ti canning +1.)3.) Activity4.) 234U + 2.) + 3.)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
nn_TOF TAC in operation_TOF TAC in operation
D Cano-Ott, et al. - The n_TOF CollaborationND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsD Cano-Ott, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004
nn_TOF TAC in operation_TOF TAC in operation
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsD Cano-Ott, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004
1% of statistics
nn_TOF TAC in operation_TOF TAC in operation
The n_TOF Collaboration
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 1E7 1E80.00.10.20.3
1
10
n_TOF James Lestone ENDF-B/VI
f, b
arns
En, eV
An unprecedent wide energy range can be An unprecedent wide energy range can be explored at n_TOF in a single experimentexplored at n_TOF in a single experiment
234U(n,f)
The n_TOF Collaboration
PPACs & FIC-0 (2003)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
480 500 520 540 560 580 600 6200
1
2
3
4
5
6
234U(n,f)
FIS
SIO
N X
-SE
CTI
ON
, bar
b. u
.
NEUTRON ENERGY, eV
ORNL' 1977
480 500 520 540 560 580 600 620
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200CERN' 2003
234U(n,f)
High-resolution data up to highHigh-resolution data up to high(er) energies(er) energies The n_TOF Collaboration
PPACs & FIC-0 (2003)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
An unprecedent wide energy range can be An unprecedent wide energy range can be explored at n_TOF in a single experimentexplored at n_TOF in a single experiment
235U(n,f)
The n_TOF Collaboration
FIC-0 (2003)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
An unprecedent wide energy range can be An unprecedent wide energy range can be explored at n_TOF in a single experimentexplored at n_TOF in a single experiment
1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 14000
300
600
900
CERN 2003
FIS
SIO
N C
RO
SS
-SE
CT
ION
, mb
NEUTRON ENERGY, eV
1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 14000
30
60
90
120
150
POMMARD236U(n,f)
The n_TOF Collaboration
FIC-1 (2003)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
An unprecedent wide energy range can be An unprecedent wide energy range can be explored at n_TOF in a single experimentexplored at n_TOF in a single experiment
232Th(n,f)
The n_TOF Collaboration
PPAC detectors
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
High-resolution data up to highHigh-resolution data up to high(er) energies(er) energies
237Np(n,f)
The n_TOF Collaboration
FIC-0 (2003)
CCaptureapture151151SmSm204,206,207,208204,206,207,208Pb, Pb, 209209BiBi232232ThTh24,25,2624,25,26MgMg90,91,92,94,9690,91,92,94,96Zr, Zr, 9393ZrZr139139LaLa186,187,188186,187,188OsOs233,234233,234UU237237Np,Np,240240Pu,Pu,243243AmAm
FFissionission233,234,235,236,238233,234,235,236,238UU232232ThTh209209BiBi237237NpNp241,243241,243Am, Am, 245245CmCm
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experiments
High-resolution data up to highHigh-resolution data up to high(er) energies(er) energies
245Cm(n,f)
The n_TOF Collaboration
FIC-1 (2003)
The n_TOF Collaboration
back
Validation & accuracy of Validation & accuracy of PHWTPHWT
Validation & accuracy of Validation & accuracy of PHWTPHWT
back
n_TOF-Ph2
1.1. CIC: compensated ion chamber CIC: compensated ion chamber already tested at n_TOFalready tested at n_TOF
For n_TOF-Ph2:
• four chambers in the same volume for multi-sample measurements
Measurements:Measurements:
• 147147Sm(n,Sm(n,) (tune up experiment)) (tune up experiment)• 66LiF target for calibrationLiF target for calibration
EAR-EAR-22 boost: boost:• approx 100 times the ORELA count rate approx 100 times the ORELA count rate expectedexpected• 6767Zn and Zn and 9999Ru (n,Ru (n,) measurements) measurements
Measurements:Measurements:
• 147147Sm(n,Sm(n,) (tune up experiment)) (tune up experiment)• 66LiF target for calibrationLiF target for calibration
EAR-EAR-22 boost: boost:• approx 100 times the ORELA count rate approx 100 times the ORELA count rate expectedexpected• 6767Zn and Zn and 9999Ru (n,Ru (n,) measurements) measurements
(n,p), (n,(n,p), (n,) & (n,lcp) ) & (n,lcp) measurementsmeasurements
n_TOF-Ph2
2.2. MICROMEGAS MICROMEGAS already used for measurements of nuclear recoils at n_TOFalready used for measurements of nuclear recoils at n_TOF
For n_TOF-Ph2:
• converter replaced by sample
• expected count rate: 1 reaction/pulse (=200 mb, Ø=5cm, 1m thick)
(n,p), (n,(n,p), (n,) & (n,lcp) ) & (n,lcp) measurementsmeasurements
<< back<< back
n_TOF-Ph2
(n,p), (n,(n,p), (n,) & (n,lcp) ) & (n,lcp) measurementsmeasurements
3.3. Scattering chambers with Scattering chambers with E-E or E-E or E-E-E-E telescopes E-E telescopes
Measurements:Measurements:
• 5656Fe and Fe and 208208Pb (tune up experiment)Pb (tune up experiment)• Al, V, Cr, Zr, Th, and Al, V, Cr, Zr, Th, and 238238UU• a few x 10a few x 1018 18 protons/sample in fission modeprotons/sample in fission mode
Measurements:Measurements:
• 5656Fe and Fe and 208208Pb (tune up experiment)Pb (tune up experiment)• Al, V, Cr, Zr, Th, and Al, V, Cr, Zr, Th, and 238238UU• a few x 10a few x 1018 18 protons/sample in fission modeprotons/sample in fission mode
Setup: in parallel with fission detectors
production cross sections (En) for (n,xc)
c = p, , d
differential cross sections d/d, d/dE<< back<< back
Go Back
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsL Marques, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
December 2004 2004
The n_TOF Collaboration
nn_TOF experiments_TOF experimentsL Marques, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration
December 2004 2004
The n_TOF Collaboration