10

ESTABLISHED BY HENRY I PITTOCK.Published by The Oreronlan Publ!hin Co..

JU Sixth street, 1'ortland. Oregon.C. A. UOUDEN, E. B. FIFER.

Manager. editor.The Oregonian is a member of the Asso-

ciated Press. The Associated Press Isc:uslveiy entitled to the use for publicationof all news dispatches credited to It or riototherwise credited in this paper and alsothe local news published herein. All riBhtsof republication of special dispatches Here-in are also reserved.

Subscription Rates Invariably In Advance.(By Mall.)

Fially. Sunday Included, one yearlaily, Sunday Included, six months ... -o

Maliy, Sunday Included, three months ..75JJally. Sunday Included, one moma

Jiallywithout Sunday, one year . . 6.00Iiaily. w ithout Sunday, six months 3.23Iai!y. without Sunday, one month, .60Weekly, one year ................ 1.0')Sunday, one year 3.00

(Ey Carrier.)raily, Sunday Included, one year 2 S?li'.y, Hunday Included, three months. 2.- --

I ally. Sunday Included, one month ..I.'aily, without Hunday, one yearl'aily, without Sunday, three months...ljally, without Sunday, one month .... OJ

How to Hemit Sen.d postoffles moneyrder, express or personal check on your

locl bank. Stamp, coin or currency aret owner's rink. Give postofflce address

in full. Including county and state.I'ostiMte Kates 1 to 16 pages, 1 cent:

IS to 3 pases. 2 cents; 84 to 48 pages, 8cents; 50 to Gl pages. 4 cents; 60 to 80pages; 5 cents; 8:2 to 96 pages. 6 centa.Foreign postage double rates.

Eastern llu-ine- ss Office Verree Conk-Il- n.

Urunswick building. New York; VerreeConklln. Sieger building, Chicago; Ver-

ree &. Conklin, Free Press building. De-troit, Mich. representative,H. J. Bidwell.

LET 'EM HAVE TTIF.IIi BAT.

Through the neighborly mediumof the more or less dependable Eu-ge- ne

Guard, The Oregonian learns abit of news, which in rairness it feelsthat it should pass along. It is:

The national debt was reduced 23T,- -S15.tHW.00 last month. However, you willnot find this fact mentioned in any of thecampaign literature Chairman Will Haysla flooding the country with.

The final sentence, to be sure. Isnot new, but it may be true. Chair-man Hays is not flooding the countrywith it. Possibly he doesn't believeIt. We don't.

But, If it be assumed that It Istrue, is it the duty of Chairman Haysto give it a neat and attractive cor-ner In his grand scheme of repub-lican publicity? What is a campaigntext book for, anyway? To praiseyour side, and condemn the otherside? Or to please everybody anddisplease nobody?

If the democrats are to have theprivilege of editing republican cam-paign literature, the courtesy shouldbe reciprocal. Probably in that casethe democrats would find someslight objection made by the rest ofthe American people to the astonish-ing and offensive claim that "demo-crats won the war." It is boldly putforth in the democratic text book for1920. It is not consistent with theindignant democratic denial of thestatement that they sought to makepartisan capital out of the war, andexcluded republicans from any con-trolling or potent voice or arm inwar administration. Can the demo-crats have both "won the war" andhave been non-partis- an in its con-duct? They'll say so. We'll notsay so.

Let the campaign books, speeches,pamphlets, essays, letters and all therest alone. Let every party putforth its claim in its own way. Letthe candidates pierce the skies withtheir self - adulatory vocalizations.Let the spielers spiel and thestumpers stump and the hecklersheckle and the penny-a-line- rs slingtheir ink. It's the life. You can foolsome of the people, etc., etc. Theonly persons really fooled are thecandidates until the returns comein.

DIVORCE AND REMARRIAGE.In one of its ethical aspects, the

controversy over the right andwrong of divorce is in reality a dis-cussion of the right to marry again.This is recognized by a large body ofchurchmen, who do not contend thatthere are no circumstances In whichhusband and wife ought to be per-mitted to live apart. Laws whichdeny, or greatly restrict, the right ofabsolute divorce are in the maincareful to protect the property rightsof thoso who have made a mess ofmarriage. The husband may becompelled by the court to supporthis wife and children. Here theequities. are plain. The Implied obli-gation of the husband as the bread-winner- is enforceable, as In anyother civil contract. Denial of di-vorce is a recognition of the morespiritual, hence more enduring, na-ture of the bond.

Judge Bennett, of the supremecourt of Brooklyn, N. T., after anexperience of many years on thebench, views the suggested remedyfrom its practical side. Recognizingthe rapid growth of divorce as theevil it undoubtedly is, he seeks themost effective way of retarding itwithout incurring the opposition ofthose who realize the obvious in-justice, if not the impossibility, ofcompelling married couples to livetogether where, for example, thehusband is a brute who endan-gers the wife's life by physical vio-lence. It is not enough to say thathe may be punished under existinglaws against assault and battery, forthey would seldom be adequate, andevidence sufficient to warrant crim-inal prosecution would often be lack-ing. But to remove one of the prin-cipal Incentives for divorce, it goesalmost without saying, would be tomake it less popular than it Is.

The'judge thinks that a large pro-portion of actions would never bebrought if remarriage were madeillegal during the lifetime of theother rarty to the union. The eter-nal triangle bulks immensely as theieal divorce cause, whatever may bethe ostensible reasons set forth inthe pleadings. A good many mar-riages are arranged beforehand, contingently on the granting of a di-vorce. This is particularly true inNew York, where it has recentlybeen shown that nominal defendantshave been accustomed to employwitnesses to appear against them inthe interest of plaintiffs, a form ofcollusion often winked at by courts.

The scandal of a situation inwnicn one in every nine marriagesends In divorce court lies In utterlack of regard for the sanctityof the contract. Society is less interested in the happiness of individuals now mated (or mismated)than in restoring the foundations ofthe institution f matrimony itself.The end to be sought is to rid thefrivolous and the thoughtless of thenotion that marriago Is a joyrlde, tobe terminated on impulse, and to restore the idea that it is a covenantto be entered into only on solemnreflection.

If Judge Bennett's plan will effectthis result it deserves consideration.It is a companion plan to that whichwould restore in principle the oldpractice of publishing the banns, bywhich couples intending to marrywould be given time in which, to re--

pent before it was too late. Thestudent of court procedure willthink, also, that something morethan is being done at present oughtto be possible to prevent collusivedivorce, which is nominally forbid-den by existing statutes. The Ben-nett remedy may or may not findfavor, but the wide discussion thatit has provoked is evidence that thegravity of the problem is being in-creasingly appreciated.

A MONSTROSITY.The Astoria Budget may be cred-

ited with a striking and homely il-

lustration of the utter futility of the4 and B per cent interest bill. It is:

Would a law prohibiting fishermen fromselling salmon in Oregon for more than 5cents a ound compel them to sell for 6cents? It would not. They would markettheir salmon In Washington, where higherprices were offered. No more, either, willa law limiting the legal rate of interestto 4 and & per cent compel lenders to putout their money in Oregon. They wouldsend it across the border, where they canget 7 and 8.

True: and if they cannot get InWashington a fair price for theirsalmon, the fishermen will not fish,and the industry will be at an end.If the man with money to lend can-not lend it profitably, here or else-where, he will not lend it at all. Butif he can lend it profitably elsewhere,he will not lend it here. What willthe borrower do then?

Economic law is not concernedwith state lines. No mere statestatute can repeal it. But it may dogreat mischief. That was what wasintended, no doubt. It is inconceiv-able that so bald and gross a mon-strosity was put on the ballot in goodfaith.

THE PROOF OF A TRUTHThe people of Seattle, we learn

from an editorial in the er,

have made aa Important,and as it now turns out, a depressingdiscovery. It is that the formerowners of the street railway com-pany were actually telling the truthwhen they said they were losingmoney.

The discovery by the Seattle popu-lace has come about through thepurchase of the street railway sys-tem by the city and an attempt toshow the world that the people canpurchase, maintain and operate astreet railway and make money. Ina pessimistic message, the mayor ofSeattle now informs his constituentsthat the system has been going inthe hole ever since it was taken over,about eighteen months ago, and isdestined to go deeper and deeperinto the hole in the coming months.

The city has had certain advan-tages over the former owners, too,in the matter of outlay. Whenowned by a private corporation therewere to be paid large sums in gen-eral taxes, and certain extraordinarycharges similar to those exacted ofthe street railway company in Port-land. Of taxes and extraordinarycharges, the system has been re-lieved under municipal ownership.They doubtless amount to severalhundred thousand dollars yearly.But still the city goes into the hole.

There have been, on the otherhand, certain conditions imposed onthe system that were not presentwhen the corporation owned it. Thestreet railway was promptly im-mersed in practical politics. Weread that the council has yielded toevery sectional, political and classdemand for deviation in the matterof service from a course demandedby a strictly business policy. Theformer owners, it may confidentlybe presumed, had gained the usualreputation of corporations by refus-ing, except under irresistible pres-sure, to grant improvements or ex-tensions of service which they couldnot afford to grant or make.

But the Seattle case discloses thatthe taxpayers are far from willing topay for the other fellow's ride. Theyare Just as averse to digging intotheir own pockets to pay the ldssesof a utility as private stockholdersare. That may be inconceivable tothose who have the municipal own-ership whlmsey but it is the sad, sadtruth. Seattle Is going in the holeevery month. Worse, it can see noway of getting out. So there islamentation and even denunciation.The denunciation concerns the factthat the corporation that sold re-ceived a fair price for its property.Thus there is not the uplifting am-bition which soothes the soul of theSan Francisco taxpayer as he con-tributes to the losses of the municipal system there. The San Franciscomunicipal lines are not a monopolyThere is a hated, soulless corporationcompeting with the ctiy. It is apleasant and exciting tug of war tosee which can stand its losses longest, the corporation or the public.

Let us be happy in the thoughtthat others, not we, are testing thetruth of the great maxim that if athing costs so much money to produce, whether it be a streetcar rideor a quart of milk, it cannot be hadfor less without somebody sustaining the loss.

TO DETECT CRANKS.Let us hope for the speedy per

fection of the instrument known asthe psychometer. Described by aNew York physician who heads theclinic for examining cases from thechildren s court as an instrument fordetecting the responses of the nervous system of the subject to strongwaves of feeling, it is said to givepromise of usefulness in detectingunbalanced personalities beforecrimes have been committed. If, thephysician suggests, the recent Wallstreet bomb explosion was the workof psychologically defective individuals, it might have been possible totake precautions against It-- Theprocess, would be as follows:

The machine, which Is simply a gal-vanic circuit with the human being madepart of the circuit by placing the handsor leet in a mercury Oath, shows byfluctuating needle the responses of thenervous system to strong waves of feeling, such as fear. With these abnormacases toe fluctuations ot the needle aremore marked, and when the apparatus hasbeen made considerably more delicate, weshould be able to detect all dangerouscases with tar greater accuracy than lanow possible.

It is necessary to realize, in orderto appreciate the potential value ofthe instrument in question, thatthere is a class much more menacing to. society than those obviouslybranded with the stigma of insanity,It seems to scientists more probablethat the perpetrators of the bombcrime were in this category thanthat they were actually insaneThere is a large group of personswho are apparently normal, but whoare mentally deficient in the respectthat their intellects are incapable ofchecking strong waves of feeling.They include individuals who become the prey of demagogues ofvarious sorts, and who constitute thereal menace of anti-soci- al propaganda. It is through these, for ex.ample, that anarchist agitators, unwilling to expose themselves to danger, are wont to operate. Emotionalinstability, recognized by psychia

THE MORXIXG OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 9, 1920

trists as a definite disqualification.Is probably a graver problem thancalculated criminality. If scientistscan devise a method of determiningits existence in advance of the overtact, a grer.t stride will have beenmade not only toward crime preven-tion but also toward exclusion ofundesirable immigrants.

Mechanical delicacy and precisionseemed to have reached their heightwith the perfection during the warof a method of measuring the mil-lionth of an inch. Thomas Edisonis said to be at work on an appa-ratus for recording messages fromthe beyond. Science bids us regardnothing as impossible and to hopefor the solution of all problems. Justnow we are inclined to choose thepsychometer, with its possibilities inthe way of crank-detectio- n, as thecoming boon to the human race.

THE WORK CURE.Two instances of cures effected by

the therapy of work are xeported byan exchange. In one, a man appar-ently a hopeless mental sufferer, wassent to a state institution, where hewas put to work with pick andhovel. Before long his mental and

physical condition improved and heappeared to be normal. "Physi-cians," says the account, "expressedthe opinion that his troubles hadbeen cured by excessive perspira-tion." The other case is similar.Having contracted the work habit,both patients continued to work andtheir maladies did not recur.

There is an oriental fable of a certain satrap who was ailing and whosummoned his court physician, onpain of losing his head, to cure him.The fact seems to have been thatthe satrap "needed nothing so muchas work to make him whole. Butthe physician was also a diplomat,and presenting his master with ahoe, told him that the handle possessed certain healing properties, to

njoy which it was necessary thatthe implement be wielded vigorouslyseveral hours a day. The magic, sothe tale relates, did Its perfect work.

A few, like the oriental emperor.need to have their work recipe coat-ed with the sugar of deception, butit amounts to the same thing In theend. Golfing or walking, diggingpotatoes or carrying in the winter'scoal, frankly toiling or beguilinghimself with the notion that hislabor is play, the man who exertshis muscles is apt to add years to hislife. If we could popularize work.we would- - enormously reduce thecost of life insurance but inciden-tally we would also reduce thecost of other things. The hygienictwins are diet and exercise. Withdue attention to the latter, the former is quite likely to. take care oftself.

MAKE CLOTH TELX THE TRUTH.Arrival at Boston from Germany

ot a steamer with a cargo of woolenrags moves a correspondent of theRural New Yorker to protest againstf'wearing of shoddy made from German rags when good American woolis a drug on the market. He objectsto a protective tariff on pure woolencloth- and clothing when shoddy isfree. He Is indignant that wool deal-ers should sit tight in" confidencethat they will get all the wool theyneed by simply paying the freight.His remedy is that '.'wool and cloth-ing be manipulated where it Isgrown, in mills owrted and controlledby wool growers, and the cloth solddirect to the people there who wantit."

An approach to that is belnir madeIn Oregon, for a great wool manu-facturing industry has grown uphere, using the wool grown in theinland empire, and it provides goodwoolen cloth and blankets withoutshipment of the material to the At-lantic coast to be woven, then backto the Pacific coast to be worn.

At present there is an accumulation of wool left over from the war.Woolen rags have also accumulatedin countries where the people arebuying new clothes after being de-prived of wool by the blockades.Possibly the world has enough woolon hand to make an all-wo- ol suit foreverybody once, but ordinarily notenough wool is produced to clotheeverybody in that way. Omitting- thetropics, where cotton and linen arethe rule, some wear mixed wool andcotton or shoddy because there Isnot enough new wool to go around.That does not say that there shouldnot be a duty on shoddy and raffs.They should be dutiable for the samereason as wool because they competewitn American clothing materials.

The market for wool can be improved by requiring that all clothshall bear a stamp showing the materials of which it Is made. Thatrule Is applied to food and drutrs.and there Is as good reason for applying it to cloth. There was a timewhen everybody knew pure woolwheii he saw it, but that Is true nolonger. Probably if a man knew thata suit was made of shoddy or mixedmaterial he would reject it and buyone of new wool. Enough might doso to swell the demand for wool ma-terially. At least, everybody wouldknow what he was buying. After thefirst shock had passed, many wouldknowingly be content with thecheaper goods. Material is a smallitem in the cost of a suit of clothing.but better work is put on higherquality material, and it commandsa higher price.

The existing glut-o- f wool Is of sotemporary a character that probablybefore a law could be passed pro-viding a remedy, the situation wouldhave so changed as to make the lawuseless. But a requirement that allgoods travel under their true colorsdemands only common honesty, andis tnereiore pood for all time.

BOLSHEVISM LOSIKG ITS GRIP.Armistice between Poland and the

soviet government ot Russia marksthe first decisive defeat suffered bythe bolshevists since they madepeace with the Baltic states. Thatdefeat marks beginning of decadenceof bolshevist power. It won and extended that power by terror1 and bypropaganda backed by the prestigeor power. Crushing defeat of itsmost ambitious attempt at foreignconquest has deprived it of the pres-tige, and the fear which its terror-ism inspired may now give place toexhibitions of that hatred which fearalone has held in check.

The Russian people are not andnever have been bolshevist. The bolshevist system was imposed on themby Germany through the importationof a band of communist fanatics andgreeay adventurers, wnich wonpower by intrigue and the mostbrutal force and maintained it bythe terrorism of wholesale murderand torture, starvation, corruption,spying and a propaganda of lies.When Germany was beaten, the bol-shevists ceased working for theirmasters, and set to work to establishtheir system in Russia for their ownprofit and to extend it by propa

ganda and revolution throughout theworld.

The military victories of the bol-shevists have given them an unde-served reputation for strategy andmaterial prowess. They have a nu-cleus of highly paid hired soldiersChinese, Bashkirs, German and Mag-yar prisoners of war who are mis-called Letts In gross libel on thatbrave little nation which abhors

By force they conscriptunwilling peasants and workmen,whom these shock troops compel tofight. They coerce of theczar's army to serve by starvationand by holding the officers' familiesas hostages. Trotsky is a great organizing genius, having much bold-ness, daring and quick resource, andseveral times he has changed impending defeat into victory, but thesoviet has won by propaganda ratherthan by arms. It has been greatlyaided by the errors of its enemies.Czarlst officials and army officerswere many and influential amongthe supporters of Kolchak and Yu-denlt-

and they revived tyrannicalczarlst methods in the white armiesand in the territory occupied bythem. Red agents capitalized thesefacts to the utmost, with the resultthat the whites had an enemy intheir rear as well as in front. TheRussian people have been torn loosefrom their mental and moral moor-ings by the revolution, feel no alle-giance to anything and are easily In-

duced to change sides. They had nomorale to make them fight with determination, and so long as the reds,with their nucleus of mercenary des-peradoes, fought against such Rus- -ians, they found victory compara

tively easy.Whenever they came in conflict

with a people that had nationalpirit, was well armed and had had

practical experience with bolshe-vis-

the reds were beaten. TheFinns, Esthonians and Letts felttheir filthy touch, got arms from theallies, and drove them out, winningevery battle. Patriotism combinedwith bitter experience made a nationproof against propaganda. This hasbeen the case with Poland. ThePoles, burning with patriotism, beatthe reds all through 1919 and evenafter the whole red army was massedagainst them they beat it until May,1920, when great red reinforcementsand their own shortage of artillery,tanks, armored cars, aircraft andammunition forced them to retreat.As they withdrew, their line wasshortened and stiffened by volun- -

eers who crowded into the army,while the red communications werelengthened. When the allies sup-plied arms and expert advice, thePoles turned the tables completelyand have not ceased to win untilthey have almost recovered the f rontier cf 1772, have utterly routed thered armies and have given an armistice practically oa their own terms.Bolshevism cannot stand against aunited, armed nation, and when itinfects a people it proves to be Itsown cure.

The reds are low free to throwtheir whole strength against Wran- -gel, but that strength is terribly diminished. Their best troops havebeen broken especially the greatcavalry army of Dubenny theyhave lost hundreds of guns and armored cars and vast quantities ofrailroad equipment, which they cannot replace. The armistice line prevents Lithuania from being a corndor through which arms can besmuggled from Germany. France Ispouring arms and munitions Into theCrimea, and the Cossacks of the Donand the Caucasus are in arms againWrangel Is avoiding the fatal errorsof former white leaders, for he con-solidates his hold on newly won territory before making further advance, organizes popular governmentand secures the land to the peasants.The red3 are embarrassed by risingsIn the interior, by wholesale deser-tion, by breakdown of industry andrailroads. Wrangel may be able tomake headway against them, evenwithout Poland to divide their forces.

With the big milk factoriesstocked up to the extent of $300,--000,000 and foreign demand off,buying of the raw milk will stop anddairymen must find customers elsewhere.- - That's about the situation.

The man who confessed ho killedDenton, whose body was found in acellar in Los Angeles, must producecorroborative evidence before he Isbelieved. It's got so down there thatthey know a liar on sight.

The Italian government has declined to permit ex-Ki- ng Constantino of Greece to pay Italy a visit.Probably figure they have enoughexcitement already without Import-ing more.

One of the mysteries of automo-biiing is why men riding with wivesnot their own have more mishapsthan when with their marital partners.

Don Jaime of Bourbon, pretenderto the Spanish throne, is back inSpain again. What a waste of time!With that name he could make hisfortune over here aa a bootlegger.

A candidate for mayor says wardays are over and we must be prepared to work, Where does he getthe idea that war days were days ofleisure and Idleness?

According to Tumulty there is norecord of the proceedings of the dayin dispute. According to Spencer,there was one. It's up to Missourito settle.

Every time a new non-ski- d tiredesign comes out, the well-dress- ed

girls soon vear an open-wor- k imitation of it on their stockings.

In Aberdeen deaths are less thanhalf the births and boys outnumbergirls two to one. Does that meanmore war to come?

The population gain In the UnitedStates since 1910 totals 14.9 per centThat more than offsets the 2.75 percent loss on beer.

This day is sacred to the memoryof the Widow O Leary"s cow in Chicago. She had the kick that made anew city.

Looks as if one walk at .least onthe end oS the Morrison bridge mightbe laid to favor pedestrians.

- The United States has gained 14.9per cent in population since 1910Still paying- good dividends.

Revenge against those sugar speculators should be especially sweet.

Hiram starts east tomorrow, loaded for bear and donkey.

Last call for Gresham- -

LOVpUOY WORKERS W.iST LIGHT

Q.neatlona Deallns With ConsistencySubmitted to McArthur.

PORTLAND, Oct. 8. (To the Editor.)Congressman McArthur, alarmed at

the rising tide of indignation amongthe voters of Multnomah county athis persistent wet vote in the houseof representatives, assures the publicin a signed statement that he will noupport the Volstead act.

Why this late reform? Surely thispseudo reform this sudden change ofheart has come too late in the politi-cal, day to accomplish its evident purpose to get the votes.

in view oi tnis Delated pieageproperly to represent his own bone- -dry state, the undersigned supportersof the dry candidate, Ur. Esther PohlLovejoy. ask:

If Mr. McArthur's persistent wetvote represents the majority In theelection of 1916, who and what represents the dry element which, as everyone knows. Is the better elementamong his constitunts, whose fre-quent appeals to him have Been treat-ed with contempt for nearly sixyears?

Why should this element supportone who has so misrepresented them?If Mr. McArthur was instructed by thecomparatively small majority in Multnomah county-(no- t the state) In laie,when has that instruction beenchanged there having been no testvote since and why does not that"sacred" Dladge still hold him? VV hychange at the eleventh hour? Is theanswer "Lovejoy"?

Should the vote return him to congress, what pledge have we that hewill not consider this an indorsementof his wet vote and so continae torepresent the liquor Interests, instead of the bone-dr- y state fromwhich he is sent?

Will Mr. McArthur explain why theexigencies of war, when a starvingworld was looking- to the UnitedStates for bread, did not release himfrom his "solemn" pledge to the smallwet Interests of the state, as expressed in 1916?

Does Mr. McArthur not Know matwhen the food conservation measure,which he opposed, was pending; thataged and Invalid women in Portlandand all over this country were com-pelled by war restrictions to eatcoarse bread and forego needful deli-cacies and so undergo great suffering,that our allies and our soldier boysmight be fed, and that the manufacturer of beer at that time was usingbread material with his consent thusrobbing these helpless victims?

Will Mr. McArthur explain to along-sufferi- constituency why, ifthe fact that the Volstead act is thelaw of the land releases him from his

solemn" pledge to vote wet, the factthat the bone-dr- y law was the law ofhis state did not also supersede hisinstrirctions" from his district? ,

Mr. McArthur states he voted againstthe repeal of the Volstead act, but isnot this more than balanced by thefact that he voted against passage ofthe act over the presidential vetowhen the world was starving forbread?

We ask why the Christian people otthis district should so easily forgetMr. McArthur's past wet record, asconfessed by him, as to vote their ap-proval of such wet vote in the Novem-ber election?

If Mr. McArthur repents of his past,well and good; we will try to forgive,but the present prospect Is that, asChristians, we will senii to congressthis time one who could not bepledged" to stultify her conscience

by a wet vote. (Sogned)ADA WAL.LALK U.MIUH,

For the Dry Congressional Committee.REV. E. C. HICKMAN,

For Portland Ministerial Association.d. V. MacDO.NAU),

For Oregon Popular GovernmentLeague.

W1IY CONSTITUTION ENDURES,

Frimrn Refused to Adopt "Palliativesand Half Measures."

PORTLAND, 'Oct. 8. (To the Ed- -

tor.) In The Oregonian on September23 you published a letter signed Mil-

ton A. Miller, whicn. If sensed cor-

rectly by the writer. Is Intended as aJustification for ratification of thelaae-u- of nations as well as President Wilson's course in regard to thesame. But, to argue that on accountof the 'opposition It is meeting withthe league of nations should be rati-fied because the constitution of theUnited States was adopted by smallmajorities after violent opposition.which was very pronounced even inthe constitutional convention, is falla-cious. In that convention, accordingto Professor Fisk, it was suggestedthat "palliatives and half -- measureswould be far more likely to find fa-vor with the people than anythorough-goin- g reform," to whichGeorge Washington replied in thesewords: "It is too probanie tnat noplan we propose will be adopted. Per-haps another dreadful conflict is to besustained. It, to please tne people,we offer what we ourselves disap-prove, how can we afterward defendour work?"

Eventually this convention present-ed to the people a constitution notframed to please the people, but toprovide a mode of government assafe, sound and Just as human mindscould conceive. The wisdom and fore-sight with which their work aboundspossibly could not be fully sensed atthat period, hut time has vindicatedthe product of those screat minds.

The league of nations was framedto please those people who place theirhope for universal peace in some suchmeasure, and the plea for ratificationas written is not being supported byanalytical reasons. That a majorityof the framers thereof did not believein its being workable is amply provedby the fact that it has not been madeuse of to prevent all the differentwars in progress now, nor to enforcetreaty terms and awards, and thedoubt of Its being ratified by theUnited States is shown by the clausein the treaty specifying that "th'streaty shall become effective uponratification by three of the high-contracti-

powers."The members of the constitutional

convention were men who knew thehistory of the past and could reasoncorrectly as to the future, and theirwork is enduring. They also provideda mode of procedure for adoption ofamendments as time and exigencymight demand, which, as proposed, isto be,- - Indirectly, set aside by "asolemn referendum."

MAX KRAMER.

Electoral Votes by State.PORTLAND, Oct. 8. (To the Ed-tor- .)

Kindly publish the number ofelectoral votes each tate has andthus oblige some of your interestedsubscribers. W. O. F.

The states are herewith arrangedin the order of their voting strengthin the electoral , college:New Torlc 4VSouth Carolina . 9Pennsylvania 381 rkansas oIllinois 2!.bra.ska gOhio 24iVest Virginia 8Texas 20!Taryland gMassachusetts . . .ISlWashinfrton ....... 7Missouri ......... .ISIConnectiout ....... 7Indiana 15IColorado 6Michigan . .13 Florida. 6Georgia. .14, Maine 6New jersey itnaano 4Iowa ............. J3(Ore ron fiWisconsin ........ 13 North Iakot&. ... . &Kentucky l.'ltSouth Dakota 5California lJiRhode Island 5Alabama lJiMontana 4Minnesota 12lNew Hampshire.... 4North Carolina.. .. .12 Utah 4Tennessee l- - Vermont .......... 4Vlreinla. 12 Arizona 3Oklahoma 10 New Mexico SMississippi 10 Wyomlns; 3Louisiana. ....... .10 Delaware 3Kaaaia . UoUevada ..IMim

Those Who Come and Go.

Rains have sadly Interfered withthe road construction work 4 thevalley, says Engineer Clarks of thehighway department, who arrivedfrom Tillamook yesterday with N.J. Drew, chief inspector of construc-tion. But for the rains the WarrenJob In Tillamook, six miles in length,would have been finished this sea-son. It lacks a mile and a quarterof being completed. At Rickreall.where an injunction held up the work,the contractors have an exceptionalsubgrade and got enough base laidon good days to permit resumptionof the pavement despite the rain. TheAmity paving job has shut down anathe Jobs at Corvallis and Monroe willnot get through owing to the rains.The only Jobs which there is a pros-pect of carrying on with paving aresuch as those where the contractorshave laid considerable blackbase. Thegrades are bo soaked with rain thata base cannot be well laid this sea-son, and without the base, of course,the top pavement cannot be put Inplace.

Departure of William Hanley forBurns recalls an exciting two dayshe had in the wilds of Southern Ore-gon, dodging a subpena as a witnessa few weeks ago. An old timer killeda deer before the season opened andsold some of the meat to Mr. Hanley.The hunter was arrested and Mr.Hanley was needed as a witness, soJim Birdseye was sent out to servethe papers. Mr. Hanley got windthat he was wanted and went intothe brush, with Mr. Birdseye afterhim. Both are good outdoor men andthey circled around, pursued and pur-suer, for two days during which timeMr. Hanley had to sleep out at night.Finally, Mr. Hanley managed to connect with an automobile and. waswhisked to a northbound train justin time to catch it, and thus wastransported beyond the jurisdictionof the court.

About half a mile off shore, between Nehalem and Tillamook bays,are two large rocks jutting out of thesea. The gulls have nested on themfor ages and the dashing waves haveworn a large arch through the baseof one of the rocks. Some peopleimagine that the two rocks, whenseen from Nehalem side, look likean elephant, and they have been calledElephant rock, but the accepted des-ignation Is Twin Rocks, and as such,a railroad station has been namedafter them. B. J. Cooper, of TwinRocks. Is at the Imperial. Althoughthe cottages were filled during thesummer with visitors, the little set-tlement is about aa croweded nowwith workmen as it was in July andAugust.

According to F. E. Frasier. the shoemanufacturers, although accused ofprofiteering, are going into bank-ruptcy. Leather, he asserts, is scarceand substitutes are being used exten-sively in the cheap and moderatelypriced shoes' and in some instancesthese substitutes are proving quitesatisfactory. Boots and shoes willeventually get down to normal prices,but this happy day may be a longtime in arriving. Mr. Frazier comesto the Multnomah from Lynn, Mass.,and is in the shoe business at Lynnand Haverhill. For years he was anofficial for the largest shoemakingconcern at Brockton, Mass.

C. H. Poole, who travels oiJt ofBoston for a shoe house, calls him-self a basement Inspector. Last year,when making the rounds, he was metby his customers, who invited himinto the basement, and there he wasshown large stocks of unsold shoes.The contents of the basement proveda sufficient reason why the trade didnot give him orders. There Is a littlebetter feeling toward shoes thanthere was 12 months ago. Mr. Poolis registered at the Imperial.

jLooking after his candidacy for atto-

rney-general, I. H. Van Winkle wasat the Imperial yesterday. Mr. VanWinkle, who has been assistant attorney-g-

eneral and was made acting atto-

rney-general by the governor, viceGeorge M. Brown, appointed to thesupreme court, is now a candidate forthe office. He is opposed by J. O.Bailey, another assistant attorney-genera- l.

The man elected will be theone who can have his name writtenon the November ballot the greatestnumber of times by the voters.

C. Ed Ross, who was secretary ofthe ctate highway commission untilhe resigned to go into the fruit grow,ing business, was in town yesterday.His headquarters are now at Yakima,Wash., and he is interested in a saw-mill at TIeton Basin. 42 miles fromYakima. When he was a boy Mr.Ross worked In a sawmill, but de-clares that he has bought mora experience In the mill Industry this yearthan he ever believed was possiblewnen he was a yard boy.

She walked Into the Perkins, followed by a man. Picking up the penshe registered In a firm hand, thus: L.B. Peterson and husband, Newberg.Mrs. Teterson did all the talking asto what kind of accommodations weredesired. Once tl. husband startedto inquire about trains, but beforethe clerk could reply the woman eaidshe would attend to all such matters.

About every two weeks Mrs. R. D.Parker comes to the Perkins fromReliance and whenever she comesthere is a neat sum of money lefthere. Mrs. Parker buys a couple ofwagon loads of groceries, which aresent to Reliance and distributed tologging camps in that vicinity. Port-land Is the nearest source of supplyfor the commissary department.

Marlon F. Davies of Union, who Ishandling 20,000 acres of timber InUnion county, is In the city. He is apast grand chancellor of the Kn'ghtsof Pythias and is waiting to leaveon a special train tomorrow forMarshfleld, where the grand lodgewin hold its session during the com-ing week.

A. D. Church was one of the early-da- y

hotel men ot California. His son.Heck Church,' is general manager ofthe Cornell. Keystone, Federal andDudley hotels in San Francisco. Heckis at the Multnomah and has beenlook'ng around the Pacific northwestto gather information on the winterbusiness.

Although having a large and suc-cessful farm. It cannot keep all of theenergy of Ross Nelson. 60 he also op-erates a movie theater at Indepen-dence. Mr. Nelson, farmer and mo-tion picture manager, is at tho Ben-son for a few days.

Walter L. Talbot of Philadelphia,who is president of an insurance com-pany, is registered at the Benson.Accompanying him Is F. W. Heron ofSan Franelsco, who is district man-ager for the company in this section.

Having ivppeared before the supremecourt and talked politics with theboys at the state house, A. W. Nor-bla- d.

state senator for Clatsop county,passed through Portland on his wayto Astoria from Salem.

C L. Hawley of McCoy, 'who haswon the nomination for state food anddairy commissioner, was in Portlandyesterday and registered at the Im-perial.

Gabriel Wingate of Astoria, for-merly of the port commission there,is an arrival at the Hotel Oregon.

Lieutenant-Colon- el and Mrs. S. J.Sclater of Victoria, B. C, are arrivals

8jat the Hotel Portland.

I FATAL BLUNDER SIADISBV COX'People Believe Mnd-Sluig- bi( Hides

Candidate's Incapabilities.PORTLAND. Oct. 8. (To the Ed-tor- .)

The accusatorial propagandathat (Jovernor Cox fired at the repub-lican party has resulted In nothingbut fatal discouragement of demo-cratic political hopes. It not onlyhas defeated the very purpose forwhich it was designed, but it alsobrought into full visibility of publicopinion the true characteristics of theman himself. When the falsity of thestories concerning the "slush fund"became apparent, a great reaction ofpublic feeling occurred. This reactionbecame so strong that it broke downeven the residual strength of Wilson'sfollowing and left him (Cox), withouta nucleus around which to build anorganization of sufficient power tocarry on an effective campaign. Ithas proved the most ruinous of polit-ical blunders. His accusations weretoo contemptuous to be endured evenby thousands of his own politicalfaith.

The consequence was a revolt whichdid not spring from any momentarypassion, but which had an obstinaneyof deep feeling behind. Governor Cox.the accuser, is now become GovernorCox the accused. He and his asrentsset on foot a movement to prostratethe republican party by accusationsof theft, but have failed miserably intheir attempted implications.

Governor Cox selected the poorestway of all to win. There were tworoots this year. In the democraticsoil that were ready for culture, andfrom either of them Cox possiblycould have grown some strength hadhe possessed the foresight to take theadvantage. (1) He ardently couldhave fought for a new "league of nations policy other than the one whiolWilson killed. (2) He scould havemade a fighting issue on the modification of the Volstead act. but herejected the sap from both and electedinstead to besmear his opponents witha coat of slime.

In the face of the exigent demandsfor clean and practical politics he digresses far from the dignity of a can-didate for so high an office as president of a great nation.

He has utterly failed to Inspire Intothe minds and hearts of a great peo-ple a single thought that is constructive or brilliant. He stands as noother democratic candidate has stoodbefore him without raising somelofty political project to offer to hiscountrymen. "Senatorial oligarchy.""Harding's brewery stock." "slushfunds" and "newspaper silence" con-stitute his sole campaign palaver.

The respectable American oterdoes not like a mud slinger. He isset down either as a political bullyor a man who wishes to hide his in-capabilities behind it. Governor Coxhas made anything but a clean fight.

J. W. C.

OLD FRIEND IS BACK AGAIN

Subscriber's Plaa to Sever Self FromWorld News Not Satisfactory.

EDENBOWER, Or.. Oct. 8. (Tothe Editor.) Three months ago theidea struck me I was getting old Ilikely was taking too seriously theworld news. To relieve a nervoustension I dropped the Oregonian forthree months.

I was simply lost In the realms oflonesomeness. Last week the mailbrought me a bargain coupon fromThe Oregonian. one every week dayand a veritable feast on Sunday foronly $7. My check went by next mailand the following day here it wasmy old friend since 1875. It actedas a tonic. Somehow it just fits thefingers.

Should I be blindfolded and dif-ferent papers handed me one at atime, I believe I could recognize itsvelvety folds, not by the weightynews with which it is always burdened but by instinctive old friendship. Long may she wave.

JOHN AV. TOLLMAN.

Mason and Dixon'a Line.PORTLAND, Oct. 8. (To the Edi-

tor.) 1. Is the state of Texas con-sidered a southern state? 2. Wouldone born in Texas be considered asoutherner? 3. Where is the Mason-Dixo- n

line; also where did the nameof such a line originate?

SUBSCRIBER.

1. Tes.2. Yes.3. Mason and Dixon's line is the

boundary between Maryland andPennsylvania as surveyed by CharlesMason and Jeremiah Dixon in 1763-- 7.

It was popularly accepted prior tothe civil war as the dividing linebetween the free states and the slavestates.

Address of Mayo Ifoapital.PORTLAND. Oct. 8. (To the Edi-

tor.) Please inform me the initialsof the Drs. Mayo and the address oftheir hospital. A SUBSCRIBER.

Dr. William James Mayo and Dr.Charles Horace Mayo, Rochester,Minnesota.

More Truth Than Poetry.By James J. Montague.

AMELIA GRAY.

Erastus Boggs had power and place,Elijah Biggs was quite obscure;

Erastus Boggs was rich and base,Elijah Biggs was poor and pure.

While eating luncheon every dayTheir hearts were equally upset.

For both adored Amelia GrayWho punched their tickets ere

they et.Impassively she let them kid.

As patros of such rlaces do.Her choice if choice she had she

hid.Her smiles were rare her words

were few.But 'Lige had looks though lacking

gold.And lovely ties and snappy collars.

And 'Rastus. who was fat and oldHad nothing but four-milli- dol-

lars."Youth answers youth" you know

the rest.Old age a way has never found

To wake within a maiden's breastThe love that makes the world go

round.Besides. Erastus was a gent

Who'd led a black and evil life,And could a lovely girl consent

To be an aged scoundrel's wife?They both proposed; she asked for

time.Her heart she said, could not be

sure.One man was rich, but steeped la' crime

The other poor, but oh! so pure!One would be tender, fond and true;

The other buy her rings and togs.She did what all of 'em would do

In such a fix accepted Boggs.

They Always Cloned the Ban.Will the soda fountains be closed

on election day after this?

Dusting Up a Maxim.It is a pretty mean thief that would

rob a'hotel guest, and a mighty un-ethical one.

Gurus Way.Somehow or other that Russian

army reminds us of John McGraw.(Copyright. 1920. The Bell Syndicate. Inc.)

John Burroughs' NatureNotes.

Can Yon Answer These Questions f1. What birds are songless?2. When do most animals begin to

hibernate ?3. What is the difference between

fall and spring rains?Answers in Monday's nature notes.

Answers to Prevloua Question.1. Is the Simon-pur- e crow found

in the south?The crow in his purity. I believe, is

seen and heard only in the north. Be-fore you reach the Potomac there isan refusion of a weaker element, thefish crow, whose helpless femininecall contrasts strongly with thehearty masculine caw of the originalSimon.

2. Does the skunk ever hurry?There is no such word as hurry in

the skunk's dictionary, as you maysee by his path upon the snow. Hehas a very sneaking, insinuating way,and goes creeping about the fieldsand woods, never once in a perceptibledegree altering his gait, and, if afence crosses his course, steers for abreak or opening to avoid climbing.

3. How does the maple reward oneIn the fall?

When the maples have burst outinto color, showing like great bon-fires along the hills, there is Indeeda fdast for the eye. A maple beforeyour windows in October, when thesun shines upon it, will make up for agood deal of the light it has excluded;it fills the room with a soft guldenglow.(Rights reserved by Houffhton. Mifflin Co.)

In Other Days.

Twenty-fiv- e Years Ago.(From Tho Oreponian. October 9. 1S!5

Coincident with the vote of thetrustees to remove the medical de-partment of Willamette university toSalem, the faculty members hereannounced their withdrawal from theinstitution.

The Portia ndpresbytery Is now insession at the Forbes Presbyterianchurch. Rev. J. V. Milligan an-nounced his resignation as pastor ofthe St. Johns church to go to theFirst church in Boise, Idaho.

A spiritualistic seance was brokenup Saturday evening when a suspi-cious woman seated in the "circle"suddenly grasped the very materialform of the "medium" as he wasperforming his stunts in the dark.

Tho combine of brewers, which haslong maintained tho price at $9 abarrel, has gone to pieces and beeris now being sold at $7 .SO a barrel.

Oregon's Millions of Feathered TouristsIt would be rather a dreary old world without birds, however cas-

ually we regard these feathered folk who are bipeds like ourselves.Not a little of the charm of Oregon is in its hedgerow residents, it3jays of the deep timber, and the flocks that turn thither from thenorth when winter comes down. DeWitt Harry has written a storyabout Oregon birds and it appears in the Sunday issue with photo-graphs. An intereBting story, too, that takes one into forset lanesand out on the wide marshes.

Can a Dead Wife Be Jealous? We are fed full with the psychic,and it takes rather more than a stale story of spooks to quicken ourinterest. Well, draw near, for there is a story in the Sunday maga-zine section that reaches beyond the weird, and that is the narrativeof the influence of a soul long departed. Tyrone Power says thathis first love from the other world is jealous of her mortal suc-cessor. Can such thing be? Read this queerly unusual story fromreal life and the unreal.

There is Better Art Coming Heaven bless the sane son of geniuswho first described cubist art as "an explosion in a shingle factory."The Sunday Oregonian is fortunate to be permitted the expression,of his views on art in the future. He is George Julian Zolnay,sculptor, who holds that the world is to know great days again,when colors and cold stone will yield the true expression of thehuman soul. Illustrated.

The Beauty Battle of the Nations The presumptuous English,gazing upon the pink and golden perfection of their daughters, in-

formed the world that these were the fairest maidens to be found.Now it follows that such a challenge could not go unrebuked formany a land clings to the same belief concerning its own lasses. Inthe Sunday magazine section, with illustrations of renowned na-

tional beauties, is an article dealing with the beauty battle that Eng-land brought about..

Pastor Is es Yes, indeed, and he gives the lieto the old adage, does the Rev. Joel Hastings Metcalf, by beingmaster of two. Not only is he the shepherd of his flock, and anexcellent spiritual provider, but the scientific world recognizes inhim the master astronomer one who calls the stars by their firstnames and knows where their places are in the infinite meadows.Told in the Sunday issue by Mary Harrod Northend.

Talks with T. R. In this Sunday's chapters of the Roosevelt serial,from the diaries of John J. L'eary, Jr., a variety of interesting topicsare dwelt upon. They bring the cheerful, fighting colonel back again,as though he were confiding in us as, indeed, he was in Mr. Leary.Here are the sub-title-s: How I Lost My Eye; The Drink Story;The Break With Tafte the Attempt on His Life; Why the PoliticiansFailed. Don't miss this installment, nor the others that will followin successive issues.

All the News of All the World.The Sunday Oregonian.