1

THE JOURNALLUOIAN SWIFT, J. & MoLAIN,

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HAS SERVED THE WHOLE STATE

As the Post-News has often censured The

Minneapolis Journal, it therefore is an es-pecial pleasure to praise it now. The

Journal, by its action during the present

session of the legislature, has merited and

won the greatest commendation. Ithas,in fact, been the republican standard-

bearer, the one city paper that has risen

Above local interests, and been big enough

to serve the whole state.

Alexandria Post-News.

On the Whole, a Good RecordEvery busy man —and that hits nearly

every one in Minneapolis and Minnesotathese days—should be interested in thereview of the -work of the legislature•whloh The Journal lays before itsreaders to-day.

This review is a labor-saving device.It will put any Intelligent reader in pos-

session of all the Important results of the

session and give him an Intelligent ideaof how they -were brought about. The mat-ter is arranged and classified so thatthoee particular things In which he is spe-

cially interested may be taken up withmore cara if desired than -others of lessinterest to him.

And this re-view is not dry stuff. It willbe found exceedingly interesting. Thesession just closed was one of the mostinteresting in the history of the state. It

is doubtful if any other legislature hasever left on record at one session asmuch important work as that which standsto the credit of the legislature whichadjourns to-day. Certainly none have ac-complished as much during the past fif-teen or twenty years.

It is not necessary to go into detailwith regard to the work of the session in

this column, since the results are set

out so conveniently and yet so plainlyin the review. This, however, seems tobe a good time to say that this resultis something of a surprise. At the be-ginning of the session not very many im-portant matters were prominent in thepublic mind as demanding the attentionof the legislature. It was expected, ofcourse, that they would elect two senatorsand re-apportion the state. Whether any-thing further of importance would beaccomplished was problematical, and only

two or three other matters stood outprominently as calling for legislative ac-tion. But not only have all these mat-ters received attention, but many othershave been disposed of in such a manneras to make the record of this session,on the whole, one of the best.

Among the measures that failed, the mostImportant probably was that of the firststep toward a constitutional convention.The defeat of this proposition is attributedto public service corporation influence, onthe theory that a new constitution would

be likely to contain provisions guarding

the Interests of the public against cor-porate aggression more closely than they

*re now protected.

The session has not been without its•candals, and, yet, it has probably beenfreer from what are commonly known as"leg-pulling" schemes than the average•ession. Some attempts of that kind weremade, and in some instances, at least,they met with disaster. The charges ofbribery In connection with the gross earn-ings bill have left the impression veryclearly denned in the public mind that im-proper measures were employed againstthat bill. The passage of the bill, how-ever, at tie demand of the sentiment ofthe state, has robbed the incident of muchOf Its significance asd importance.

In connection with the large amount offood work done, perhaps attention shouldfee called to the fact that this session isshorter—eleven days shorter—than thestatutory limit, leaving the eleven days

for an, extra session next year to receiveand enact the revised tax laws from thetax revision commission.

Men -with vivid imaginations which theylake with them into meetings of the city

council are imagining reasons for pre-venting the "Wisconsin Central from mak-ing extensive improvements in this cityfor the handling of its business.

Isthmian Canal Negotiations

a force of 80,000 to 100,000 men to defendthe 180 miles of the Nicaragua canal froman enemy's attacks and an enemy's at-

tack's need not be made with, a navy, butemail parties armed with high explosivescould watch their chances and do their de-structive -work on the canal at some points

along the line.But the tail-twisters assert that neutral-

ization would be a surrender of the Mon-roe doctrine by allowing foreign nationsto take a hand in the management of thecanal as insurers of neutralization. Thisis mere trilling. There i« no better au-thority on international law than Whartonand he says that the guarantee of themaritime powers as to the neutralizationof an Isthmian canal "is an application,

not a contravention of the Monroe doc-trine; such an agreement is not an ap-proval of, but an exclusion of foreign in-terposition." Which it manifestly is. The

tail-twisters are way off from the truthin their position, and it would be well for

them to reconsider their demand for amilitary caaal. Such a work would prove

the most expensive investment the UnitedStates could make.

Senators who were responsible for thefailure of the Hay-Pauncefote treaty willhardly be pleased with the negotiations

\u25a0with Great Britain by our government fora new treaty. But if they really want acanal constructed they willsupport the newnegotiations and bring themselves to lookmore conservatively upon the propositionof the professional tail-twisters to abro-gate the Glayton-Bulwer treaty withoutthe consent of Great Britain. The factthat this nation is commited to the viewthat the treaty of 1850 can only be law-fully abrogated by mutual consent is sureto strengthen the public sentiment againstthe self-stultification embodied in the ap-peals of Senator Morgan and his group.

It is understood that Great Britain laysstress upon the retention of the principleof neutrality embodied in Article 3 of theoriginal Hay-Pauncefote treaty. This pro-vision, indeed, was one of the strong fea-tures of the original treaty which the sen-ate butchered in compliance with the tail-twisters' postulates. Reflecting peoplemust see that the neutralization of theoanal is the very strongest guarantee ofits safety from attack and obstruction, forthe combined maritime powers of theworld are bound by the principle. If theUnited States carries out the fortificationprinciple as per the amendment to theHay-Pauacefote treaty, it -will undertakea task, bordering on the impossible. It isnot exaggerative to say that it would take

The Jourpal is glad PresidentNorthrup declined the appointment to theall-American conference. Not that theposition to which he was assigned wasnot a place of honor and dignity—quite asmuch'so perhaps as the Louisiana pur-chase commission—but he is no office-seeking politician to be propitiated with"something equally as good"; and after hehad consented reluctantly to allow hisname to be considered in connection withthe Louisiana commission because thepeople of the northwest wanted him to,it was no favor to him to offer him some-thing else in order that the place for

which he was first proposed and whichcarries a salary might be given to one ofMr. Harina's "dead ducks." The incidentdoes not reflect credit upon the basisupon, which the president makes selectionsfor positions of dignity and consequence.Nor does the fact that another "deadduck" considered for the same place wasdisposed of with an appointment on thecivil service commission, although anavowed opponent in congress of civil ser-vice reform.

The Persistent BoersThe transfer of the Boer capital from

Pietersburg to Leydsdorp, about eightymiles north of the Delagoa Bay railroad,

Indicates that these pets latent fightersintend to try another campaign. Drivenfrom one capital they set up another, andthey are likely to hold out in northeasternTransvaal some time longer, as the coun-try is mountainous and there is abundantgrass in the valleys for stock. The re-ports of negotiations by Botha looking tosurrender have failed of verification, ashas the report that Botha has abandonedDe Wet and considers him demented andirresponsible. Meantime the British out-lay for the war swells ominously. The "war

expenses have swollen the expenditures toover $800,000,000, and, although the war

has been reported ended several times,the Boers are still afield and making suc-cessful raids. Such a journal as the Lon-don Mail, which has all along taken anoptimistic view of the war, and a few

months ago looked for a successful con-

summation of the disastrous conflict, now

admits that Britain must prepare forgreater efforts and sacrifices and "rise to

the danger as tvb rose of old," and it goes

on to say:

the fact that the bestowal of such a giftIs not complimentary to them as indi-viduals or creditable to the profession.

"The,Neiver* convention that Ih «-. . pected to reault in a stateLignt federation of Cbxi»tls.n

\u25a0chureh.es opened at Coluin-bu« this week, attended by representativesof various denominations from all parts otOhio. An executive committee was named toconsider plans for union work by the variouschurches. This co-operation is desired inevangelistic, sociological and all other formsof church activity. In particular, it is hopedthat the proposed federation will mitigate therigors of religious competition between de-nominations, so that one small communityor neighborhood which can supportonly one church shall not havehalf a dozen weak and strugglingchurches. The churches have seen that thechildren of this world have been wiser intheir generation than the children of light,for they have been wise enough 10 see thatco-operation rather than competition, friendlyassociation rather than destructive warfare,are the secrets of success, both in businessand in religious work.

The enemy have recovered heart (if theyever lost it); they have not submitted; thepacification has not come. A sense of distrustand disillusionment has grown up. In Oc-tober we were told that the war was over.Reinforcements, it is now known from LordRoberts' dispatches, were urgently required atthis very date. The whole of the Orange Col-ony was bursting afresh into flame at thevery moment when we were informed thatthe final pacification was at hand. And somen were not ready in England to go out.The mounted men who should have left lastOctober are only leaving now, in March, fivemonths later. Again the same mistake isbeing repeated. The cabinet have apparentlyconcluded that 30,000 men will be a sufficientreinforcement. Further recruiting for SouthAfrica has been stopped. Not once, buttwenty times during the past fifteen monthswe have urged the government to raise andmaintain at home a force of 50,000 men, readyand available at a moment's notice for SouthAfrica. In war true wisdom lies in allow-ing the most ample margins in all calcula-tions. Too little spells defeat; too much onlyrenders victory more certain. If we knowthe temper of the nation we shall not appealto It In vain for the utmost vigor and energy.

There is a disparing note in this. TheMall recognizes the fact that even if |negotiations are entered upon by Bothaand consummated, his surrender only af-fects Botha and his immediate command.D© Wet and other Boer generals are stillafield. The South African war will have Ilasted two years on October 14, and itsunexpected continuance will necessitatenew forms of taxation in Great Britainand some leading British statesmen admitthat extensive tariff changes will be im-peratively demanded.

The experience is a bitter one,but it is perfectly evident thatthe troubles of the empire

are due to a remarkable lack of prepared-ness for the emergencies of war on thepart of the government. They did notrealize the always possible exigencies andbegan with the fatal mistake of under-estimating the grit and preparedness of

the Boers. The British government, infact, does not seem yet to have profitedmuch by the experience of the past year.Array reorganization lingers and the warexpenses and taxation grow and the long-

suffering English people are likely to en-ter vigorous protests against governmentalincapacity.

Say! This old world is moving down theringing grooves of change in steeple postchase time. Even the brethren are loving oneanother and religious animosities are dyingout. Did some-body say "millennium"?

One of those arithmetical jugglers who de-lights to tie his brain up in hard knots givesthe following problem:

lam half as old as my father. He is twoyears older than my mother. She is twenty-three years older than my oldest sister, andmy oldest sister is two years older than my

youngest sister. My youngest sister is fouryears older than her oldest brother and myoldest brother is five years older than myyoungest brother. The five children areseventeen years older than the father andmother together. How old is John and eachof the children and father and mother?

Having several other things to do to-day,we have not 'undertaken to find the answer,if there is one.

Nebraska people are getting from "a Min-nesota publishing house" a notice headed,"Every Sport Should Have One." Itreads:

On receipt of $1, we will send, prepaid, acloth-bound book of over 400 pages, full ofgood things. This great book is prohibitedin some countries, and is the most wonderfulbook ever written. Either in the French orEnglish languages. We will send it securelyenclosed and in the English language un-less otherwise ordered.

Several sports were caught, sent in theirdollar and got a Bible. No remarks.

The papa bird is huntingFor building lote, my dear;

On property that's high and dry.With alley in the rear.

He does not ask for fifty feetUpon the elm tree's Mmb,

But a corner lot next to the trunkIs good enough for him.

The Stub Pen, the organ of the MinneapolisAuthors' Club, has issued its second number,the lit'rary quality of -which is fullyup to thefirst. It contains everything from tributes toShakspere to accounts of the early days InDakota. The club indorses both Shakspereand Dakota as very well in their way.

Belgrade township has become very tired ofdude hunters who leave farm gates open,trample on the crop® and shoot at everythingalive, and has voted to impose a fine of $25on all outsiders wtoo enter the township tohunt.

The first scorcher of the season has contrib-uted his $10 to the city, and is feeling verycore at government and officialism generally.

The legislator has not gone home a minutetoo soon. Seeding is going on and the stockneed attention.

Hay and Pauncefote are fooling over thecanal again, and the big railroad magnatessmile behind their hands.

Now is the time of year to take some goodspring medicine that is advertised to cure theTropic of Cancer.

Not Likely to Be Forgotten,

Boston Globe.What reward are the men who went with

Punston going to get? They certainly de-serve something, though they can hardly ex-pect to be all made major generals.

AMUSEMENTSMrs. Le«lle Carter in "Zar.a" at the

Metropolitan.

"Zaza" is the story of a woman's heart. ItIs more than that—it is the story of the re-generation of a woman's heart by the powerof love. An old topic? Yes, older than lite-rature and yet never old.

This is a woman who by birth, educa-tion, by vocation and by environment is im-pelled toward sin. The very atmosphere she

I breathes is laden with the microbes of vice.The feverish temperature of the green roomand the variety stage develops the naturallydominant animal side of her nature. Uncon-scious of the woman's heart that beats with-in her breast, she enjoys to the full that life

jwhich stimulates and excites and burns outso soon. She is a splendid animal, feedingon enjoyment. Another splendid animalcrosses her path—a man animal. True to hertendencies, she allures and then captivateshim. And then the thing happens whichneither foresaw—her merely physical love de-velops into something stronger, more serious,more earnest, more unselfish. With thi3 .de-velopment come storms of jealous passion asthe suspicion thai the man has other andstronger ties deepens into certainty. Andfinally that tempest of the heart is quelledby an act of supreme self-sacrifice—an en-nobling,purifying,saving self-abnegation. Thisis the triumph of woman's love thai it canthus Immolate Itself for the welfare and hap-piness of the object of its idolatry. Nor birth,nor education, nor environment can thwartthe supreme regenerative power of real love.Tha+ is the underlying thought in DavidBelasco's masterly drama of "Zaza."

It is noteworthy that from the first to lastthe heart of Zaza herself is, so to speak, thetheater of action. There the tragedy is' un-folded, there the denouement takes place. Weare given no insight into the real feelingsof her lover except, such as we get throughZaza'a eyes. He, as well as all the otherswho surround her, merely serves to throwligh* on the various phases of her charac-ter, to show its development, and, of course,to figure in the action of the play. Thebibulous aunt, who lives upon her bounty, re-veals what the terrible childhood of Zazamust have been. The servant who attendsand worships her testifies thus to the warmlovable side or her nature. The singing part-ner, who "discovered" her and promoted herstage career, throws light on another andquite as admirable a phase of her characterAnd so the story of the heart of Zaza is toldno* only by the revelations she unconsciouslymakes herself, but by a study of how she im-presses and affects those about her.

Considered merely as a specimen of stage-craft "Zaza" is a strong and well correlatedwork. Its action is swift, natural andclimacteric. Its pictures are marvels of real-ism. Its dialogue is vivid, direct and dra-matic—never merely literary or 'smart. "There remains the much-mooted question ofmorality—whether the dramatist's art justi-fies the introduction of audiences to the hec-tic life to which Zaza moved. It is the oldquestion of realism in art which will neverbe settled. Purpose, after all, is the touch-stone which should be used to separate thegood from the bad. Vice and sin exist Ifthey are reproduced for their own sake andwithout good purpose, the play is bad. Onthe other hand, why should not the drama-tist study their effect upon character orrather how can he avoid doing so? And is not"Zaza" ennobled by a purpose that more thanjustifies Hs realism?

Mrs. Leslie Carter's wonderful Impersona-Ition of Zaza certainly deserves the praise

It has long been customary for the leg-

islature to vote a gratuity at the end ofthe session to the newspaper reporters

engaged in reporting the proceedings ofthat body. The Times and Journalinstructed their representatives someyears ago that they would not be permitted

to receive these gratuities any further,recognizing the fact that the gift is viciousin principle, dangerous to the integrity of

the reports made and wholly unjustified

by any rule of right. There is no reasonwhatever why the legislature should give

presents out of the state treasury to thenewspaper men. The appropriationwas attempted this year in bothhouses, -covering, as we understand it,

reporters of all the St. Paul papers andthe Minneapolis Tribune, but when the

matter came up for final vote at the closeof the session not enough votes could bemustered in favor of it in either house tocarry it through. This probably ends the"newspaper graft"; it is probably the lastwe shall hear of the giving of tips tonewspaper men, a result which will cer-tainly be appreciated by ali self-respectingnewspaper workers who must recognize

. Aguinaldo, the cable says, is buying dia-monds. Where did he get the money?

Staking Headway.

St. Louis Star.In view of the fact that illiteracy among

the negroes of the south has decreased 50 percent within the last twenty years, it wouldBeem there need be no great cause of uneasi-ness touching the future of the colored race.

Harrison and Hendrlcks.Indianapolis Journal.

Indianapolis is the only city in the UnitedStates that has furnished a president and avice president, and from which both havebeen buried.

AMERICANLIFE A CENTURY AGO.

VUI—"FIRE! FHUi2"By Alice Morse Earle, Author of "Colonial

Days in Old New York," "'Stage Coactt andTavern Days," etc.

(Copyright, 1901, by Victor F. Lawson.)As we walk quietly along the darkening

streets in the winter twilight Of the year1801, what Is that sudden clamor which rises?The sound comes closer. In' every house a"window or door opens and then the cry of"Fite! Fire!" issued forth with distinctnessin a score of different voices. The clangorof every church bell in town soon is added,rung violently, but with no a^wnpt at sig-naling by strokes or guiding to the burningspot. The good man of eaehr- household seizeshis fire buckets and fire bag and issues forthwith anxious haste, joining' tie crowd ofmen and boys harrying, mailing, all bawl-ing "Fire! Fire!" along the streets towardthe ascending smoke which Is the only guideas to the locality of the fire. If the house-holder cannot go for a few moments himself,or if he cannot run, he throws his bucketsand fire bag to some younger and more activesoul who if hurrying past; but, then, he doesnot delay an unnecessary moment. The goodwife sets a candle at her window pane tohelp to illuminate the streets; all are eagerto help, with that eagerness that comesfrom a need of self-preservation.

For there was intense dread of flre every-where in 1801; "It had grown and been nour-ished by rumor and suggestion, for four years,ever since the presidential election of 1796.While the excited people were impatientlyawaiting at that time the tediously slow re-turns of the votes from different states, therecame to them instead in quick successionword of great fires in Baltimore, Philadel-phia, New York, Savannah. The fire in Sa-vannah destroyed 350 houses. Every one washorror-stricken. The newspapers began tocirculate the charge of "pyrotechny" againstthe democrats. It was declared that the Ja-cobins, the shouters of Ca ira, the admirers

of French ways—in short, the followers ofJeffersonhad applied the torch • in' all thesestricken towns, and "many, foretold gloomilythat French modes of public murder, theguillotine, would soon follow French flames.

Guarding Against Fires.Timidityand excitement added to the fright.

Men declared they, found plain traces of in-cendiarism —oiled rags In cellars, scorchedside walls. Strange conversations were over-heard; young men were attested on suspl-

I have lived for forty odd years without be-ing caught in the net of matrimony, and Ithink you will agree with mo that I am nota sentimental or impressionable man. Love,no doubt, is a blissful thing while it lasts,and I do not deny that matrimony has its joysand benefits, but it seems that nature in-tended me to walk iv other paths. I havetried on various occasions to fall in love, andI have often pictured to myself a happy littlehome with a cat purring on the hearth rug,but neither love nor the home nor the catwould come.

Copyright, 1901, by T. C, McClure.

I had about given up the idea of beinganything different from what I am, when Istarted on my annual fishing excursion intothe country. I had been told of a placeabout seventy miles from London where thefishing was good, the inn ail that could bedesired, and the village free from old maidsand marriage-able girls. I found everythingas stated, and for three days I was as happyas the fish that escaped my hook. Then camesomething like a shadow. I had noticed Ina general way that the barmaid was a goodlooking girl, but had given the matter nothought. It is a barmaid's business to begood looking. It was only after I had gotsettled that I discovered this barmaid of theOak and Ivy had small hands, small feet, a.graceful form, a refined air, was educated andaltogether superior to her class. The shadowcame, because, as soon as I recognized thisbarmaid's superiority, I somehow felt it myduty to appreciate it and encourage her. Theidea of falling in love with a barmaid, eithercommon or superior, was absurd, but the ideaof showing my appreciation of her mental andphysical graces resolved itself kito a duty.

I began my labors at once. It really wasan effort on my part to natter and compli-ment, but Iwas somewhat consoled on realiz-ing that my work was not in vain. Ethel,

DailyBUREAU 0F THE JOURNAL,

No. 21 Park Row.The Flood of Book*.

April 12.—800k lovers and critics are aboutready to throw up their hands in despair ofever catching up with the flood of literaturebeing put on the market this spring. Themerest glance at the book reviews and thepublishers' announcements is- sufficient to

show the book industry is more prolific thanever before. During the first three months ofthe current year the output has been equal toabout the first four months of the best pre-vious year and the activity of the authorshas been equal to that of the men who printand market the publications. The publishers'announcements are elaborate and the offer-ings should satisfy the most omnivorousreader, the greediest devourer of books. Oneis compelled to wonder what becomes of allthese books, for the time was when the publi-cation of a new book was deemed a note-worthy happening ar.d was heralded in amanner befitting so momentous an event. Butto the present generation of readers the mereplacing of a new book on the market la re-garded as an inconsequential occurrence. Thishas come about through the remarkable ad-vancement in the art of topography aad the

that has everywhere been bestowed upon it.It is a stage portrait that ranks with the

I best in the history of the English-speaking I

stage, at least within recent memory. Onereadily believes that it has been wrought

out with the greatest labor, for every little i

detail that will make for truth has been !cared for, and yet the effect is never strained Ior unnatural and there are no marks of theshop. The character is a many-sided one, byturns gay, reckless, seductive, clinging, tear-ful, stormy with passion, humbly propitia-tory, broken with grief, self-abasing andfinally tinged with the noble melancholy thatfollows renunciation. All these and manymore notes in the gamut of human feelingMrs. Carter strikes unerringly. In pure com-edy she is wholesome and genuine, but sherises to her greatest heights in depictingemotion. That terrible fourth act, with itsbreakfast tete-a-tete, beneath which the vol-cano is heaving, and with its concluding hur-ricane of passion. Is a tremendous exhibitionof dramatic power.

Charles A. Stevenson gives a carpftrlly sub- ;

THE MINNEAPOLIS JOUENAE.

clou. Rewards were offered for the detectionof incendiaries; night watches were orderedby frightened town and city officers. Yokingmen volunteered to serve on the companiesof watches; but they soon turned the wholething into a gay and riotous lark. The news-papers were full of advice and warning. Citi-zens were enjoined to keep their servantswithin doors; to have their chimneys cleaned;

TH£ FIRST FIRE ENGINE USED IN BROOKLYN. (From an old print.)

to look after their pumps. By the side ofeach man's house might be seen standing vsilent, dumpy, portly sentinel with extendedarm—the pump—muffled in old quilts andcarpets to prevent it from freezing. Manythrew salt down the necks of the pumps on

THE FIRE LINE—FIGHTING A FIRE IN 130L

belong to an organized band of firemen.' Butwhether he did or not, he worked assiduouslyand unvaryingly at every fire as if that werebis only business. He owned a fire bag ofcanvas or duck, or oznabur&s, and wblehmust have a strong drawing etring. Thiscould be packed with household" goods to beremoved from th« burning house. Often hehad a firehook to help pull down buildings.

(From an old print.)

bitter nights. One duty of the night watchwas to give a few turns to each pump handleas he passed it in order .that it might not"run down"; if It did, a3 every one knows,a tedious duty had to be gone through withof pouring in water, fetched from some oneelse's well, pumping vigorously the whiletill "the pump caught" and suction was es-tablished. In case of sudden fire such a de-lay might prove a factor in destruction.

Our citizen was a fireman—as wa« everyhouseholder of that day. Perhaps he might

In Philadelphia he had a willow basket withtwo handles and a great clumsy fire syringe.In the sohoolhouse and meeting-house andother public buildings were fire ladders, andthe citizens had two, or in some towns four,

AN OLD FIRE ENGINE.

strong leather buckets. All these when indisuse were kept hanging in the front hall ofhis house or behind his shop door.

These buckets had been the only regularmeans for conveyance of water since the ear-liest colonial days. They were made of thebest sole leather, and -were a matter of con-siderable pride, being painted with the nameof the owner and often some decorative de-sign, such as a pious or moral motto, or evena coat of arms. They were deemed a verydignified mark and an emblem of house-own-ing and responsibility. Many are preserved toour day, an old age of honored desuetude.

When the citizen reached the fire he found

as the young lady -was named, blushed in adelightful way and made no secret of thefact that she was pleased. She ought to havebeen. I was a good looking man, possessedof a longish purse, stood well with societyand the world; and was In every sense a faircatch. Even though I had not the remot-est Intention of letting the affair drift be-yond paternal compliments, it was her dutyto be thankful. There were yokels whostood ready to fall in love with Ethel, but Idrove them away. There were two or threecounter jumpers in town who were full ofcompliments, but they fled before me. In aweek I had the field all to myself.

Please understand me fully when I saythat it was purely platonic and paternal onmy part. Having found a superior bar-maid in that little out-of-the-way village, Ifelt it my bounden duty to encourage her tobetter things. I smiled at her across thebar as I left the inn to work havoc amongthe fishes; I broadened thf smile when I re-turned; we strolled together in the twilight;we sat together in the starlight. Some folk3might have called it a case of love, but wedid not

I had been at the Oak and Ivy two weeks,when, one night, being unable to sleep, Iarose, dressed and left the inn for a stroll.Just why I was unable to sleep I couldnot say but I am sure that love had noth-ing to do with it. I had probably overflshedduring the day. I was leaning against ashade tree on the commons and wonderingwhy this superior barmaid had not marrieda lord or duke long before, when a youngman passed me and disappeared in the hotelgrounds. He was short and slim, and had abundle under his arm, and as the hour waspast midnight I had a momentary curiosity.The next day I learned, that the shop of thevillage jeweler had been looted the previousnight, but the news did not interest me.

Improvements In book manufacture, until nowthere is not a day, not an hour in the day,probably, when a book of some kind is notborn. So obviously impossible is It for thecritic of to-day to even examdne one-tenth ofthe books issued, much less review them atlength, that the field of the critic is not byany means what It once was. They nowscarcely more than chronicle the advent ofthe new works, confining their descriptiveand analytical powers for a' book or twotaken as representing each of the various de-partments in writing.

The Story of "Elmmi Holden."

One of the most remarkable of the present-day successes In the book world is "Ebeo.Holden," which has already sold to close tothe 300,000 mark. Irving Batcheller, the au-thor, Is an example of the newspaper manwho makes a success of literature, althoughas can be expected he did not make a successof both at the same time. For many yearsMr. Bacheller was a broker in special articlesand stories for magazines and papers, andthen after an, interval did newspaper work inthis city for a couple of years. Itwas duringthe interval between the two occupations,amounting in all to only one month, that

dued and artistic portrait of Bernard. He iscareful to subordinate the character to Zazaand to give it the meaning the dramatist in-tended. Hl9 Bernard is self-contained, well-poised and secretive of his real feelings. Thisenables the actor to give its true value tothe explosive scene in the fourth act, whenhe is led to believe that Zaza has enteredand broken up his home in pursuit of jealousrevenge. He rises for the moment to theheights of passion, revealing as by a light-ning flash to Zaza more of his heart thanshe had ever seen pefore.

There are three other characters that standout with photographic distinctness from thelarge number that appear in the cast. Thebest of these is the bibulous aunt of MariaBates, a bit of characterization whose re-pulsiveness is redeemed by its genuine andthoroughly unconscious comedy. Then thereis the singing partner of Zaza, impersonatedwith surprising sympathy by Mark Smith,who finds much more in the character todenote than mere vulgarity and vanity. Thethird is the faithful, unquestioning serving i

Three nights later I was again seized withinsomnia. I think the words of the landlordhad something to do with it. He threw out apretty strong hint that he had employed thifisuperior barmaid to attract custom to his bar,and that my attentions to her had caused agreat falling off In receipts. I should haveargued the caae-w-ith him, giving him to un-derstand my paternal interest, but as he wasnot remarkably intelligent, I passed him overa- sovereign to make good his losses and saidnothing. It was 2 o'clock in the morningwhen I sat at an open window to smoke my

pipe, and I had not been ruminating for morethan a quarter of an hour when the youngman I had seen three nights before cametiptoeing along the street under my windowand made for the rear entrance of the hotel.My curiosity was considerably excited, butthere was no way of satisfying it. The nextday I learned that a residence had beenrobbed of quite a large sum in cash and jew-elry by a porch climber. Officers were scur-rying around after a clue, but the matterwas of no moment to me.

The next evening, as I walked with the su-perior barmaid in the twilight, having flippedthe landlord another sovereign to cover pros-pective loss. I tried to make my positionplain to her, and I quite succeeded. Indeed,it really surprised me to see how promptlyshe grasped the idea of my paternal position.She was willingto take all my good adviceto heart and act on it, and she had not per-mitted herself to build any castles becauseof my marked attentions. If I rememberaright I was somewhat disappointed and cha-grined, but a man who will not swallow hisown philosophy has no business to complain.

Four days more passed. I continued to bepaternal, and the barmaid continued to besensible. Then I -went out one night to spearfish by torchlight. The landlord had becomeso rapacious that It -was cheaper to go flfhing

"EJben Holden" was created, and as a resultMr. Bacheller has made $100,000 from thatone work. Originally the story ran for about30,000 words under the title of "Uncle Eb."Periodical after periodical rejected the man-uscript with startling \u25a0unanimity. Dlsoour-aged, Mr. Bacheller took up newspaper work,and for two years the story lay neglected.Then a new publishing house, the Lothropcompany of Boston, asked him for something,and for them he gave up his newspaper workand enlarged "Uncle Eb" into nearly 100,000words and made it "Eben Holden," the bookwhich ranks as the success of the year.

More Small Private Libraries*.

An examination of the classified lists showsthe spring books are strongest in the depart-ment of biography and memoirs, general lit-erature and history. Of late years the buyingof books on the part of the general publichas been becoming more and more of a craze,

and even the Influences of Mr. Carnegie inestablishing free libraries does not seem tocheck this general inclination. On the con-trary the publishers believe the establishmentof libraries will have the effect, and in fact ishaving the effect, of so whetting the appetiteof the public for good reading that the pur-

maid of Zaza, so cleverly pictured by MariaDavis.

The other characters, numerous as theyare, have been well bestowed, but their ap-pearances are mostly episodic and not essen-tial. Exception should perhaps be made inbehalf of Harold Howard's good work as thenoble roue who pursues Zaza only to earnher contempt and scorn. Little Theresa Berta,who appears as the child Toto in the touchingscene wherein Zaza is turned from her pur-pose, is a sweet child, but the scene ismarred somewhat by her inability to makeherself everywhere understood.

The production is, of course, beautifullystaged, and despite its extreme length one ofthe largest audiences of the Metropolitan sea-son sat spellbound until the final curtain.Mrs. Carter was enthusiastically acclaimedat the end of each act. —W. B. C.

Foyer Chat.

Howard Gould will begin a short engage-ment of four nights and a Wednesday matineeat the Metropolitan Sunday, presenting "Ru-

Monuments to Adam.

FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL 12, 1901.

Minneapolis Journal's Current Topics Series.Papers By Experts and Specialists of National Reputation.

two lines of faithful workers formed, reach-ing to the nearest water supply, usually tbariver side; sometimes it was only the towapump.. There were strong men In one linepassing to the flre from hand to hand bucketsfilled with water, while a line of"boys andeven of women passed back the empty buck-ets. Over.all stood.in charge a dignified flrewarden, with his long, painted staff of office.No one could refuse to work on these firelines. The slightest hesitancy in beginningto help would bring a deluge of water frommany buckets over the offender, and he waslucky if he was not thrown into the river.Often the town had in the townhooise fortyor fifty buckets. These were carried to thafire by two men, who etrung the buckets on,poles.

There was rarely a fire engine. Whenthere was one was simply a great clumsytank, surmounted by a pump. §It was draggedto the fire by a single rope and many willinghands, but made slow progress on Its cumber-some wheels of solid wood. The tank wasusually eight feet long and two or three feetdeep and three or four feeet wide, and had tobe supplied by a special "fire line" of buck-ets. The pipe through which the water wasthrown was *of what was known as the"goose-neck" shape, and it was claimed thatwhen worked with a will water could bethrown sixty feet, which gave very good ser-vice in. the days of two and three-story dwell-ings. | \u25a0

Some Early Fire Fighters.

The first fire engine seen in Brooklyn wasbuilt in 1785, an-d was used for fifty years byWashington company, No, 1.

The Columbian Centinel of April 2«, 1799,gives this item:

In a late New York paper we notice thefollowing article: "One of Brahms royalpatent engines received here on the shipSarah from Liverpool was yesterday shippedon board a vessel for Boston. We are in-formed It is a present to the Boston FireInsurance company."

John Hancock gave a fire engine to tha

(From a Friendly Society certificate, 1790.)

town of Boston, and in accepting the gift with,

gratitude It was announced that the donor'sproperty would always be given preference ivusing the engine in case of, a general confla-gration.

In 1794 a suction hose engine was made inPhiladelphia, the wonder of its day. Thispipe was of canvas, soaked in brine to pre-vent its rotting, and k was varnished. Itwas many years before rubber bxJse wasused.

£>/#££. iM^iSt Goa£<L

A Superior Barmaid. By Osborne O'Connor.by torchlight than to sit with Ethel in thestarlight after the bar had been closed. Idid not return until after midnight, and oncein bed I slept until 8 o'clock the next morn-ing. I might have slept an hour longer hadnot a constable aroused me and placed meunder arrest. A dapper young man had beenseized as he was making off with plunder,and after escaping from the officer had beentrailed to the Oak and Ivy. While the baffledconstables were arousing the landlord andtumbling over each other, the fugitive hadsomehow got clear of the house, but had leftsurprising clues behind. The barmaid—thesuperior barmaid —was missing, but her fe-male garments, or at least most of them, hadbeen left behind, together with articles ofapparel never worn save by the male sex.In fact, after several hours of study and in-vestigation, the constables had decided that"Ethel" was a young man in disguise. If:not, she had assumed a full suit of male ap-parel at night as she stole forth to plunder.In her haste enough of that plunder had beenleft behind to convict her.

Was it not perfectly natural that my pater-nal and platonic attitude toward the girl—o*boy—should cause me to be suspected of beingher pal? Of course It was, and I was in Jailfor ten days and in the clutches of the lawfor a month before I cleared myself of the im-putation. Even then there were people whodarkly hinted that I had bribed the judge andbought up the jury, and that I ought to havareceived a five years' dose at the very least.As to the superior barmaid, was she a maleor female? Do not ask me. I pressed herlips, held her hand and stroked her hair aawe sauntered in the dusk of evening—all In apaternal way—and when I reflect that shemight have been a young man instead, thesituation is not to my liking. When I was atlast through with the case I voted myeelf afool, and perhaps it is best that I make nochange of opinion on that score.

New York Letter. j& j& j&chasing of books goes on more merrily thanever.

Mark Twain's present position as the.cham-pion of liberty and Irrespoauatbllity calls tomind the contribution he mad* seventeen,years ago to an album to be raffled for at theBartholdi Pedestal Fund Art Loan exhibition.It really forms a curious commentary uponthe evolution of Mr. Clemens' mind. Hawrote: '"You know my weakness for Adam,and you know how I have struggled to gethim a monument, and failed. Xow, It seemsto me, here is my chance. What do we car»for a statue of Liberty, when we've got thething Itself in Its wildest sublimity? Whatyou want of a monument Is to keep you in.mind of something you haven't got—some-thing you've lost." To-day the monument toMark Twain's ancestor is probably as far offas ever; not so liberty. The fact that thegifted author is allowed to testify as an ex-pert on most subjects of human endeavor ordegeneracy, from copyright to osteopathy,shows great strides have been made sinceISB3. Otherwise the successful humorist butunsuccessful writer on serious matters wouldlong since have been suppressed —N. X. A.

pert of Heatzau," the Anthony Hope sequelto "The Prisoner of Zenda."

The attraction at the Metropolitan for thelast haif of next week will be the Al G. FieldGreater Minstrels. This is the largest min-strel organization in the country at presentand everything that is new and novel in thaminstrel field will be presented.

Of the many farces which claim their birtb-place in France, "Because She Loved HimSo," which is being seen at the Bijou thecurrent week, is one of the cleanest and mostenjoyable ever gi-ven here. The final after-noon performance of the engagement will oc-cur to-morrow afternoon at 2:30.

The Royal Lilliputians, an agregation ofmidgets with a giant or two thrown in byway of contrast, in their lively musical spec-tacular comedy, "The Merry Tramps," inwhich they have scored a tremendous hitwherever they have appeared, will be seeaat the Bijou the coining week.

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