The Mineral Use The Mineral Use CycleCycle

Periodic Table OrganizationAtomic Structure

Ionic and Covalent BondingElectron Dot DiagramsClassification of Matter

Physical and Chemical ChangeBalancing Equations

MineralsMinerals

Minerals are:SOLID (DEFINITE CRYSTAL SHAPE)PURE SUBSTANCES (DEFINITE CHEMICAL FORMULA--Elements and Compounds)NATURALLY-OCCURRINGINORGANIC and NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES

Mineral Formation and ConcentrationMineral Formation and Concentration

CRYSTALLIZATION

EVAPORATION

LAVA FLOW EROSION

REPLACEMENT

IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS

LocatingLocating

MAGNETOMETER

SEISMIC REFLECTION

REMOTE SENSING

IndentifyingIndentifying

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

Color, Hardness, Reactivity, Magnetism, Streak, etc.

MiningMining

UNDERGROUND

OPEN PIT

SURFACE

SOLUTION

MillingMilling

MILLING

Refining MineralsRefining Minerals

RoastingRoasting

SmeltingSmelting

Production and UseProduction and Use

FACT: Each person in the United States uses about 23,000 pounds of non-fuel minerals each year.

Disposal (and Alternatives)Disposal (and Alternatives)FACT: Each person in the United States creates about 4 1/2 pounds of garbage a day. That equals 32 pounds of garbage a week, 1,664 pounds of garbage a year — about twice the amount generated per person in Japan and Germany and far more than that produced in less-developed countries. Roughly 60 percent of the trash we throw away goes to the more than 3,000 landfills in the United States.

WHAT TO DO?Substitute: Use a substitute material in place of a limited resource (EXAMPLE:

optic fibers in place of metal wire).Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

Educate, Regulate…and More

Environmental impacts include:Habitat destruction from miningPollution from mining, milling and refiningPollution and waste build-up from production, use and disposal.