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The Middle Ages
Growth of cities
On tapestry
Fief
• Vassal: anyone who serves the lord in a military way.
Feudal Contract: Unwritten Rules that formed Feudalism
Nobles
• Kings
• Dukes
• Counts
• Barons
• Bishops
• Lords
• Knights
Chivalry
The Growth of Cities in Medieval Europe
Changes in Technology
Water and Wind Power Iron Sharing animals
Three field Crop Rotation
The Manorial System
• Manor: agricultural estate that a lord ran and peasants worked
• Peasants began to become serfs (peasant legally bound to the land
– Couldn’t leave without permission
– Lords had political authority
– The serfs land could not be taken away
The Revival of Trade • Mostly small villages trade fairs
• Trade increased…. So they created a
MONEY SYSTEM to replace barter
• New trading companies and banks were set up
Growth of cities
• Old cities became popular again
• New ones began to emerge
• Lords sold rights to the townspeople of towns on their land
– Including freedom for serfs
• People flood into towns
• Governments get set up
Some results of towns
• Guilds
• Tradesmen: metalwork, shoes, leather, bakers etc.