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The Marks Hall Estate
Primary Teachers Resources Pack
2
Contents:
Introduction pg 3
A Timeline of the History of Marks Hall pg 4
Overview of the Scheme of Work pg 7
Lesson 1: An Introduction to the History of Marks Hall pg 9
Lesson 2: Marks Hall during the Civil War pg 16
Lesson 3: Marks Hall during the Victorian period pg 22
Lesson 4: Marks Hall during the Second World War pg 26
Activities that you could do on a visit to Marks Hall pg 34
About the Author:
These resources were created by Emma Paulus. Emma is a qualified History Teacher who
completed her PGCE in Cumbria and her NQT year at a school in Redbridge. These
resources were created as a project to go alongside a module in Public History as part of her
MA History at the University of Essex. These resources have been designed to fit in with the
2014 new National Curriculum for History.
3
Introduction
Evidence suggests that the site at
Marks Hall has been occupied has
been occupied for many years.
Known as Mercheshala by the
Saxons, Marks Hall was occupied
after the Norman Conquest by the
Merkshall family who took their
name from the estate which appears
in the Domesday Book.
The Markshall family kept the
estate until 1562 when it was
acquired by the Honywood family.
They in turn kept the estate until
1898 when it was bought by its
final owner, Mr Thomas Phillips Price. When Mr Phillips Price died he instructed that the
house and the Estate were to be left to the nation after the death of his wife. The mansion was
demolished in 1950 and different theories exist as to why this is the occurred. The parkland
and the deer park in the grounds of the estate have played a prominent part in the estate’s
history and whilst the deer park is no more, the parkland is open to the general public.
The history of the Marks Hall Estate is rich and full of interesting characters and stories that
would provide a good local history study. This resource pack includes a short sequence of
lessons that could be used for the local history study element of the 2014 National
Curriculum. It would then be possible to finish this with a visit to the Marks Hall Estate. The
Scheme of Work includes four lessons focussing upon four key individuals in the history of
the estate. These individuals are Nigel Merkshall, a Norman, Sir Thomas Honywood, who
was a prominent Parliamentarian in the Civil War, Frances Emma Honywood, a Victorian
wife who kept control of the house despite her claim being contested by her brothers-in-law,
and Mary Elizabeth Phillips Price, the final owner of the Marks Hall Estate before it became
the property of the nation.
4
A Timeline of Marks Hall History
Pre-Normans The area is known as Mercheshala by the Saxons. It is likely that the
name came from its position as a boundary between Lexden and Hixon.
1086 The Estate is mentioned in the Domesday book. It is recorded that the
Manor of Markshall is part of the estate of Hugh de Montfort whose
subtenant was a Norman called Nigel. His descendants took Markshall
as their surname.
1163 The Markshall family are granted the manor house and the estate by
Henry II after the earlier owners had been involved in a plot to depose
the King. The family keep possession of the estate for over 500 years.
1330 Records show that the Church at Markshall was in existence. We do not
know who built it.
1562 John Cole purchases the house from John Markshall and rebuilds and
updates parts of the house.
1581 William Cole, John Cole’s eldest son, sells the manor to Edward
Deraugh Esq.
1605 Robert Honywood purchases the estate from William Deraugh, the
grandson of Edward Deraugh. He began a rebuilding programme at the
estate, replacing timer with brick.
1631 Thomas Honywood inherits the mansion on the death of his mother. He
was to become a prominent Parliamentarian in the Civil Wars.
1632 Thomas Honywood was Knighted by King Charles I.
1648 Sir Thomas Honywood commanded a body of Essex militia in the Civil
War and played a part in the siege of Colchester. Local rumour suggests
that the Roundhead troops dug the lakes on the estate at this point. After
the Royalists surrendered to Fairfax it has been said that Honywood
was left in charge of Colchester.
1666 Sir Thomas Honywood’s wife Hester inherits the mansion after he dies
aged 87.
1681 Hester Honywood dies and her son, John Honywood inherits the house.
1694 John Honywood dies with no children. A distant relative, Robert IV
Honywood is the next heir to the estate. He was a Member of
Parliament and a Deputy Lieutenant of Essex. Evidence suggests that
he was responsible for further modernising the building at Marks Hall.
1735 Richard Honywood inherits the mansion from his father, Robert IV
5
1755 Richard II Honywood inherits the house from his father when he is 7
years old. He lives to be 10.
1758 Philip, the third son of Robert IV inherits the mansion and estate after
the death of his nephew. He was a General in the Army and is often
confused with his uncle General Sir Philip Honywood. He made many
alterations to the house to update it.
1764 Philip Honywood commissions a map of the Marks Hall estate to be
made by Timothy Skynner. The map shows the house, three lakes, a
walled garden and an avenue of trees leading to the house. The Church
is shown on this map as well.
1785 Philip’s wife Elizabeth inherits the house for the rest of her life. No date
is given for her death and when she dies the house is inherited by
Filmer Honywood, a distant cousin.
1809 William Honywood, grandson of Sir John Honywood, inherits the
mansion from his uncle Filmer Honywood who died without children.
William Honywood was a military man who had fought in the
American War of Independence. When he left the military he became a
Member of Parliament.
1818 William Philip I, William Honywood’s son, inherits the mansion.
1831 William Philip I dies, leaving his three sons in the guardianship of his
wife Priscilla and his brother, the Rector of Marks Hall. William Philip
II Honywood inherited the mansion.
1859 William Philip II dies, leaving the house to his wife, Frances Emma
Honywood for the remainder of her life. This was contested by his two
brothers who took the matter to court. The legal costs of Honywood v
Honywood probably contributed to the financial difficulties faced by
the estate later on. Frances Emma remained at Marks Hall for another
36 years.
1875 Frances Emma Honywood started work renovating the Church on the
site.
1895 William Philip II’s godson Philip Courteny inherits the estate after the
death of Frances Emma.
1897 The mansion, its contents and surrounding land were put up for auction
to offset the debts of the estate. The estate is bought by Thomas Phillips
Price.
1927 Thomas Phillips Price marries his third wife, Mary Elizabeth Swan. She
becomes the infamous Mrs Price who was in charge of the estate when
the house was demolished.
6
1932 Thomas Phillips Price dies aged 88 leaving the estate to the nation after
the death of his wife, Mary Elizabeth.
1933 The Church at Marks Hall is demolished and its materials sold.
1941 The building work for Earls Colne Airfield begins in the surrounding
area and woods. Over 1,500 workers are involved in its construction.
1943 The construction of Earls Colne Airfield is completed and American
GIs move in to make the airfield operational. Marks Hall mansion is
turned into the Headquarters of the surrounding airfields and Mrs Price
moves to Marygolds, a house on the estate.
1945 The war ends and the troops depart leaving their buildings like Nissen
Huts. The house soon fell into disrepair as Mrs Price was unwell and
unable to look after it. Braintree Local Council used the huts to fill the
post-war housing shortage.
1949 Permission is given to Surridge and Son to auction the interior of the
mansion and to demolish it. It is unclear who made the decision to
demolish the house and why.
1950 The mansion house is demolished and the contents are auctioned off.
1966 Mrs Phillips Price dies aged 90.
1971 The first Trustees of the Thomas Phillips Price Trust were appointed.
They have since been responsible for maintaining and running the
estate.
7
Scheme of Work
Lesson Learning
Objectives
Activities Resources
1) An
Introduction to
the History of
Marks Hall
By the end of the
lesson students will
be able to:
- Describe some
key individuals in
the history of
Marks Hall
- Make inferences
from sources
-Create a source
Starter: Introduce the topic through questioning
a picture of the Marks Hall Mansion.
Activity 1: Students interviewing each other in
the roles of key individuals from the Marks Hall
past.
Activity 2: Students analysing the shield of the
Markshall family and creating their own.
Plenary: Students swapping their shields with
somebody else. They need to explain what they
can learn about the person from the shield.
House
worksheet,
Key Figures
Cards,
Shield
worksheet
2) What
happened at
Marks Hall
during the Civil
War?
By the end of the
lesson students will
be able to:
- Describe the
difference between
the Roundheads
and the Cavaliers
- Create a
storyboard to show
what happened at
the Siege of
Colchester
- Decide how
important Sir
Thomas Honywood
was in the Siege of
Colchester
Starter: Watch a video about the British Civil
Wars. Using that complete a ‘fill in the gaps’
worksheet about the difference between the
Roundheads and the Cavaliers.
Activity 1: Talk through the events of the Siege
of Colchester. Have the stages of the siege on the
board and give each group a stage of the siege
that they need to act out. The rest of the class
needs to guess which stage they are.
Activity 2: Remind students about Sir Thomas
Honywood who they looked at last lesson. A
volunteer student will read out the role that Sir
Thomas Honywood played in the Siege of
Colchester. Students then need to decide how
important they believe he was to the success of
the Parliamentarians.
Plenary: Make a continuum in the room and ask
students to decide how important they believe he
is. They need to be prepared to justify their
views.
Homework: Complete a storyboard about the
Siege of Colchester.
Video
Stages of
the Siege
Role card
Storyboard
sheets
3) How different
was Marks Hall
during the
Victorian
period?
By the end of the
lesson students will
be able to:
-Describe famous
things from the
Victorian era
- Create a diary
entry to show what
life was like for a
Starter: A word search of common Victorian
things to provide a quick introduction to the
Victorians.
Activity 1: Read a newspaper article about the
court case going on over the ownership of Marks
Hall.
Activity 2: Write a diary entry from the
perspective of Frances Emma Honywood
explaining how she feels about the court case
Word
search
Newspaper
article
8
Victorian lady.
-Judge how
different Marks
Hall was during the
Victorian period
and what daily life is like for her.
Plenary: Ask students to think back to Marks
Hall during the Civil War. As a class list the
differences seen between that and the Victorian
period.
4) How did
Marks Hall
change during
World War
Two?
By the end of the
lessons pupils will
be able to:
-Describe changes
to Marks Hall
during the war
- Judge whether
Mrs Phillips Price
deserved her
reputation
-Explain their view
Starter: Students trying to guess the topic of the
lesson through looking at picture clues. They
then need to see if they can name or explain any
of the pictures.
Activity 1: Show students the Horrible Histories
World War Two Report and get students to
answer some questions. Make the link to Marks
Hall.
Activity 2: Sources carousel to show students
what happened at Marks Hall during the Second
World War. They need to consider the origin of
the source and how they feel about the changes.
Activity 3: Using the information gained in the
lesson students need to consider whether they
believe Mrs Phillips Price deserved the
reputation that she had.
Plenary: Student opinion continuum.
Picture
clues
Video and
questions
Sources
Mrs Price
information
9
Lesson One: An Introduction to Marks Hall.
Title: An Introduction to the History of Marks Hall
Learning
Objectives:
By the end of the lesson students will be able to:
Describe some key individuals in the history of Marks Hall
Make inferences from sources
Create a source of information.
Prior
Knowledge
Required:
No prior knowledge is assumed for this lesson.
Timing Teacher Activity Student Activity Resources
Starter:
5-10 mins
Give students the picture of the
Marks Hall Mansion and ask them
to use two colours with which to
annotate the picture.
Get feedback from students and
explain that this is a picture of the
Marks Hall Mansion on the Marks
Hall Estate and that over the next
few lessons they will be learning
about how this estate changed
over time and that the mansion no
longer exists. Hopefully over the
lessons some of their questions
will be answered.
Students should be looking at the
picture and annotating it in two
colours. In Colour 1 they should
write what they can see in the
picture and in Colour 2 they
should write down any questions
that they might have about the
picture.
Listening
Picture
source
Main
Main
Written
Activity
10-15 mins
5 mins
Put students into groups of four.
Each individual in the group is to
be given a role card and will be an
important person in the past of the
Marks Hall Mansion.
Student should be given a few
minutes to look at their role and to
fill in the sheet for their character.
They should then be given time to
interview each other in pairs and
swap so that the whole sheet
about the important individuals is
completed.
Ask individuals to tell us about
other members of their group.
Who they were and what they
Students are working in groups of
four. They will be reading their
individual role and using this
information to complete the sheet
for their character. They then need
to take it in turns to interview the
other members of their group to
complete the sheet for all of the
important figures in the past of
Marks Hall.
Feeding back from the task and
explaining who other members of
the group were.
Role Cards
Worksheets
10
10-15 mins
found out.
Explain that for the rest of the
lesson the focus will be on Nigel
Merkshall who we know little
about. Pose the question of why.
Explain that one thing that has
survived is a copy of the shield of
the family. Explain that a shield
was the family symbol that people
would be able to recognise as
many people couldn’t read.
Students to complete the
worksheet.
Students should think about why
we do not know much about Nigel
the Norman. They may want to
think about how we learn about
History and realise that not many
sources would survive.
Students to complete the
worksheet, thinking about how the
shield makes them feel and what,
if anything, they can infer about
the family from the shield. They
make think of things like the sun
on it might mean that they are
strong because the sun is strong
and shines brightly. They then
need to design their own shields
to say something about
themselves.
Shield
worksheet
Plenary
5-10 mins
Shields should be collected in and
students should see what they can
learn from looking at the other
shields and if they can guess who
the individual is.
Students looking at peer work and
assessing what they can learn
about the individual through their
shield and seeing if they could
guess whose shield it was.
None
11
Task
: P
ick t
wo c
olo
urs
. In
Colo
ur
1:
wri
te d
ow
n w
hat
you s
ee i
n t
he
pic
ture
. E
g T
her
e ar
e peo
ple
in t
he
front
of
the
pic
ture
.
In C
olo
ur
2:
wri
te d
ow
n a
ny q
ues
tions
that
you h
ave
about
this
pic
ture
. E
g.
What
are
the
peo
ple
in t
he
pic
ture
doin
g?
12
Nigel the Norman
Your name is Nigel and you are a
Norman. Your family was given
the land at Marks Hall by King
Henry II in 1086. You have used
the name of the land to choose
your surname, Merkshall. Over
time this turned into Markshall.
Your family owned the land for
over five hundred years and it is
your family who built the first
Church on the site. We do not
know much about you as a person
or about your descendants
because not many of the records
still exist. You are a bit of a
mystery!
Sir Thomas Honywood
Your name is Sir Thomas
Honywood and you become the
owner of Marks Hall in 1631
when your mother dies. You were
knighted by King Charles I in
1632 and you were a Member of
Parliament. When Parliament and
the King fought in the Civil War
you took the side of Parliament
which won. You helped
Parliament to win the Siege of
Colchester. You were in charge
of Marks Hall when the lakes
were added to the parkland.
Frances Emma Honywood
Your name is Frances Emma
Honywood and your husband
died in 1859 leaving you in
control of Marks Hall. His
brothers were not happy about
this though and they took you to
court because they thought they
should own the house. It took a
while but you won and lived in
the house for another 35 years
with your cousin. You made
changes to the Church on the site
and made it more modern.
Mary Elizabeth Phillips Price
Your name is Mary Elizabeth
Phillips Price. You got control of
Marks Hall when your husband
died in 1932. He didn’t give you
the house when he died though,
he said that you had to live there
until you died and then the house
and gardens belonged to the
country. The Second World War
happened when you were in
charge which meant that you had
to move out of the mansion and
into a smaller cottage. The
mansion was knocked down in
1950.
13
Task: Fill in the information for your character and then interview each person
in your group to fill in the information for the other important people in the
history of Marks Hall.
What is your name?
When did you get control of Marks
Hall?
What changes did you make to the
mansion or to the other buildings?
Did anything interesting happen when
you were in control?
What is your name?
When did you get control of Marks
Hall?
What changes did you make to the
mansion or to the other buildings?
Did anything interesting happen when
you were in control?
What is your name?
When did you get control of Marks
Hall?
What changes did you make to the
mansion or to the other buildings?
Did anything interesting happen when
you were in control?
What is your name?
When did you get control of Marks
Hall?
What changes did you make to the
mansion or to the other buildings?
Did anything interesting happen when
you were in control?
14
Coat of Arms Activity
This is the Coat of Arms of the Markshall family who lived at Marks Hall in the medieval
period. At this time most people could not read so families needed a symbol that everyone
could recognise and Knights could wear into battle.
1) What colours do you think this
should be? Why?
2) Write down three words that come
into your head when you see this:
1)
2)
3)
3) Does this tell you anything about the Markshall family? How do you think you would
feel if you saw it on the shield of a Knight?
Task: You need to design a Coat of Arms for your family. It needs to tell people who
cannot read about you. Think about:
What colours you might use
Do you want any pictures? What of?
How do you want people to feel looking at it? Will it be a scary coat of arms or not?
15
16
Lesson Two: Marks Hall in the Civil War
Title: What happened in Marks Hall during the Civil War?
Learning
Objectives:
By the end of the lesson students will be able to:
Describe the difference between the Roundheads and the Cavaliers
Create a storyboard to show what happened at the Siege of Colchester
Decide how important Sir Thomas Honywood was in the Siege of Colchester
Prior
Knowledge
Required:
Students should remember Sir Thomas Honywood as a character from the previous
lesson but they do not need any further prior knowledge.
Timing Teacher Activity Student Activity Resources
Starter:
5-10 mins
Show students a video about the
British Civil Wars. The Horrible
Histories Civil Wars Song is a
good video to use and is available
on YouTube. Alternatively
Timelines TV has a good Civil
War summary video.
Students should watch the video
about the British Civil Wars. They
should use this information to fill
in the gaps of the worksheet.
Video
Worksheet
Main
Main
Activity
10-15 mins
5 mins
10-15 mins
Hand out the homework sheet and
talk through the stages of the
Siege of Colchester. Separate the
class into eight groups and give
each group a number. They need
to create a freeze frame or a short
drama of the caption and after
time to practice; each group will
need to perform for the rest of the
group who will guess which
caption they are.
Remind students about Sir
Thomas Honywood who was a
character from last lesson. Get a
volunteer to read the information
about Sir Thomas Honywood.
Guide students to complete a table
with reasons why you could
suggest that Thomas Honywood
was and wasn’t important to the
Siege of Colchester.
Students then need to make a
Each group of students will be
given a caption of the story of the
Siege of Colchester. They need to
act/mime/freeze frame their
caption for the rest of the class to
guess which caption they have
been given.
A volunteer to be Sir Thomas
Honywood and read the
information.
Students completing a table with
reasons why it could be argued
that Thomas Honywood was and
was not important. Eg was
because it was his house where
many of the Roundheads were
living and he was a Commander
of the militia. However he wasn’t
that important because the siege
ended because of the starvation of
the Royalist troops.
Making a judgement about how
Storyboard
sheets
Sir Thomas
role sheet
Table
worksheet
17
judgement about how important
they believe Sir Thomas
Honywood was to the Siege of
Colchester.
important Sir Thomas Honywood
was in the Siege of Colchester.
Plenary
5 mins
Make an opinion continuum on
the room. Ask students how
important they believe Sir
Thomas Honywood was and they
need to stand in the appropriate
are. Ask some to justify their
views.
Students need to move to the area
of the room with the statement
that they agree with the most.
None
Homework Students need to complete the storyboard with pictures to show the
stages of the Siege of Colchester at home.
Worksheet
18
The British Civil War
Task: Use the information from the video to help you to fill in the gaps. The words are in the
box below.
The Civil War was fought between 1642 and 1651. In this war, King _________ I was
fighting against Parliament. The King’s soldiers were known as Royalists or ___________
which was an insult because it came from the Spanish word for horse. ________________’s
Army were known as the Roundheads because the helmets that they wore gave them round
heads. The country was split with some people supporting Parliament and some people
supporting ____ ______________. In the King’s Army you were likely to be promoted
because of who you were whereas in Parliament’s Army you were promoted based on
________. In the end it was ________________ who won the war.
The British Civil War
Task: Use the information from the video to help you to fill in the gaps. The words are in the
box below.
The Civil War was fought between 1642 and 1651. In this war, King _________ I was
fighting against Parliament. The King’s soldiers were known as Royalists or ___________
which was an insult because it came from the Spanish word for horse. ________________’s
Army were known as the Roundheads because the helmets that they wore gave them round
heads. The country was split with some people supporting Parliament and some people
supporting ____ ______________. In the King’s Army you were likely to be promoted
because of who you were whereas in Parliament’s Army you were promoted based on
________. In the end it was ________________ who won the war.
Merit, Parliament, Cavaliers,
Charles, the King, Parliament
Merit, Parliament, Cavaliers,
Charles, the King, Parliament
19
20
Sir Thomas Honywood Resource
I am Sir Thomas Honywood. I was made a Knight
by King Charles I in 1632 but I am not fighting for
him in this war, I’m fighting for the
Parliamentarians! I control the section of
Parliament’s Army that are in Essex and during the
siege many of the men have been staying with me at
Marks Hall. I inherited Marks Hall in 1632 and it
has a large park and deer park in the gardens. I was
there when the Royalists surrendered to
Parliamentarians and when he left; General Fairfax
left me in charge of looking after Colchester Town
and keeping it under the control of Parliament.
When the Royalists took control of Colchester I
made sure to gather all of the weapons on
Coggeshall to keep them safe and out of Royalist
hands!
21
How important was Sir Thomas Honywood in the Siege of Colchester?
You could say that Sir Thomas Honywood
was very important in the Siege of Colchester
because…
You could argue that Sir Thomas Honywood
was not that important in the Siege of
Colchester because…
In conclusion, I believe that Sir Thomas Cromwell was very important/quite important/ not
very important in the Siege of Colchester because…
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
22
Lesson 3: How different was Marks Hall during the Victorian period?
Title: How different was Marks Hall during the Victorian period?
Learning
Objectives:
By the end of the lesson students will be able to:
Describe famous things from the Victorian era
Create a diary entry to show what life was like for a Victorian lady
Judge how different Marks Hall was during the Victorian period
Prior
Knowledge
Required:
Some memory of the two previous lessons.
Timing Teacher Activity Student Activity Resources
Starter:
5-10 mins
Students to complete a word
search of common Victorian
objects and individuals to provide
a quick introduction to the
Victorians.
Completing the word search about
the Victorians
Word
search
Main
5-10 mins
15 mins
Read the newspaper article
reporting the court case of the
ownership dispute at Marks Hall.
Students could highlight what
they feel is the important
information or they could do this
in a spider diagram.
Explain the task to students. They
need to create a diary entry from
the perspective of Frances Emma
Honywood to explain how she felt
about the court case and what
daily life is like for her.
Ask students to read examples of
their work
Reading the newspaper article and
getting the important information
out of it either via underlining or
in a spider diagram.
Students need to write a diary
entry from the perspective of
Frances Emma Honywood. They
need to explain:
-Why there was a court case
-How she felt about the court case
-What happened
-What her daily life is like
Listening to pupil examples
Newspaper
article
Plenary
5 mins
Ask students to think back to what
has been done over the last three
lessons. What has changed at
Marks Hall? Bullet point these on
the board.
Students thinking about what has
changed at Marks Hall. The class
is to create a list of what they
think might be different.
23
Sta
rter
: In
this
les
son w
e w
ill
be
lear
nin
g a
bout
Mar
ks
Hal
l duri
ng t
he
Vic
tori
an p
erio
d. S
earc
h f
or
the
word
s th
at a
re i
n b
old
and
under
lined
in t
he
word
sea
rch b
elow
.
Qu
een
Vic
tori
a (
right)
is
one
of
the
most
fam
ous
Quee
ns
in B
riti
sh H
isto
ry.
She
rule
d b
etw
een 1
837 a
nd 1
901 a
nd
was
mar
ried
to h
er c
ousi
n,
Pri
nce
Alb
ert
(lef
t). W
hen
Vic
tori
a w
as Q
uee
n,
the
Bri
tish
Em
pir
e w
as a
t it
s la
rges
t an
d
Bri
tain
rule
d h
uge
port
ions
of
the
worl
d
(see
pic
ture
bel
ow
). T
he
Em
pir
e ca
use
d
dif
fere
nt
foods
to b
ecom
e popula
r li
ke
tea
, su
gar
and c
urr
y.
Vic
tori
a w
as Q
uee
n d
uri
ng t
he
Indust
rial
Rev
olu
tion, w
her
e m
any f
act
ori
es w
ere
buil
t.
This
led
to t
he
gro
wth
of
new
cit
ies
in a
reas
like
Man
ches
ter.
Th
ese
citi
es w
ere
buil
t
quic
kly
and o
ften
peo
ple
liv
ed i
n d
irty
,
cra
mp
ed c
ondit
ions.
This
led
to t
he
gro
wth
of
the
import
ance
of
chari
ty a
nd i
t bec
ame
fash
ion
able
fo
r th
e w
ealt
hy t
o g
ive
money t
o
hel
p t
he
poor.
If y
ou w
ere
poor
and d
id n
ot
work
in a
fac
tory
,
it w
as l
ikel
y t
hat
you w
ork
ed i
n d
om
esti
c
serv
ice
as m
any l
arge
ho
use
s had
ser
van
ts.
The
Vic
tori
ans
wer
e k
een t
o e
du
cate
the
poor
and s
o t
hey o
pen
ed f
ree
mu
seu
ms
and
lib
rari
es t
o a
llow
more
peo
ple
to l
earn
.
24
HONYWOOD VS HONYWOOD CASE FINALLY OVER!
Mrs Frances Emma Honywood is finally
able to enjoy living in the Marks Hall
Mansion (left) in peace for the rest of her
days, a court has ruled this week. Mrs
Honywood was left the mansion and the
grounds in the will of her husband,
William Phillips II Honywood when he
died in 1859. Her husband chose to leave
her the mansion rather than either of his
two brothers because he believed that they
could not be trusted to look after the
mansion and the grounds in a properly.
Mr Honywood’s two brothers contested
the will in court believing that the property
rightfully belonged to them however a
Judge has ruled that the house rightfully
belongs to Mrs Honywood. She is said to
be relieved that that court case is finally
over. Speaking to a reporter, Mrs
Honywood has said ‘I am glad that the
whole thing is over. Marks Hall is my
home and I didn’t want to have to stop
living in a house that was rightfully mine.
My cousin Elizabeth is going to move in
with me to keep me company and I’m
looking forward to being able to go for
long walks around the grounds and
watching the deer in the deer park.’
Mrs Honywood will be able to remain in
her mansion at Marks Hall where she is
waited on by a housekeeper, a butler, cook,
lady’s maid, two housemaids, a kitchen
maid, a coachman and a gardener. Mrs
Honywood is said to be looking forward to
updating her home and the Chapel is the
first on her list as she plans to restore it.
25
Task: Imagine you are Mrs Frances Emma Honywood. Write a diary entry about how she
might feel now that the court case with her family is over. You should include:
- The reason why you were in court
- How you feel now that it is over and you have won your case
- What is life like living at Marks Hall? Is the house nice? Do you have to work hard?
- Think about what a Victorian lady like yourself would do with her time. Do you go
for walks? Read? Do charity work?
-
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________
26
Lesson 4: Marks Hall in World War Two
Title: What changed at Marks Hall during the Second World War?
Learning
Objectives:
By the end of the lesson students will be able to:
Describe changes to Marks Hall during the war
Judge whether Mrs Phillips Price deserved her reputation
Explain their view
Prior
Knowledge
Required:
Previous lessons on the history of Marks Hall.
Timing Teacher Activity Student Activity Resources
Starter:
10-15 mins
See if students can guess the
topic of the lesson from the sheet
available. The pictures could also
be copied and put onto the board.
They are all of famous things to
do with the Second World War.
Once students have guessed the
lesson topic see how many of the
objects they can name and
explain.
Give or show students the eight
picture clues about the topic. They
need to try to guess the topic and
see how many of the pictures they
can identify.
1) Dig for Victory Poster
2) An evacuation label
3) Adolf Hitler
4) The Home Guard/ Soldiers
5) People in the RAF
6) The Cenotaph in London
7) Luftwaffe
8) A Spitfire
Picture
clues
Main
Activity
10 mins
15-20 mins
Show students the Horrible
Histories World War Two Report
which is on YouTube. Ask them
to listen carefully because they
will then have to answer
questions.
1) Name three countries that
were involved in World
War Two
2) What was the Blitz?
3) Why was the Air Force
important in this war?
4) Which side won the war?
Explain that we will now be
learning about what happened at
Marks Hall during the Second
World War.
Using a carousel of sources,
students should be able to learn
what changed at Marks Hall
during World War Two. The
sources include a letter from a
Students need to watch the video
about World War Two. They then
need to answer questions about
who was involved in the war, why
the air force was important and
who won the war.
In groups students should look at
the four different sources. Using
the information on the source they
should be able to state:
- What the source is eg
letter, diary etc.
Horrible
Histories
video clip
on
YouTube
Sources
27
5-10 mins
10 mins/
homework
soldier posted there, the diary of a
girl from a local village, a farm
worker on the estate and a letter
from Mrs Phillips Price.
Explain to students that Mrs
Phillips Price has a bad reputation
locally and people do not seem to
like her. Read the information
sheet about what happened after
the war and ask students to
consider why people might have
disliked her.
Show students the newspaper
article written about Mrs Phillips
Price and read it to the class. Ask
students to write a letter to
respond to it saying whether they
agree or disagree that Mrs Phillips
Price deserved her reputation.
- Who wrote the source
- What changed at Marks
Hall during World War
Two
- How did the person who
wrote the source feel about
it? Back this up with
evidence.
Reasons that you could consider:
- Mrs Phillips Price did not
restore the farms
- The house was knocked
down
- Many of the trees were cut
down and it changed the
landscape.
Students writing a letter to say
whether they believe that Mrs
Phillips Price deserved her
reputation.
Plenary
5-10 mins
Student continuum of opinion Students placing themselves along
a continuum line to state how far
believe that Mrs Phillips Price
deserved her reputation.
28
Task
: U
sing t
he
pic
ture
clu
es s
ee i
f you c
an g
ues
s th
e ti
me
per
iod t
hat
we
wil
l be
lookin
g a
t in
the
less
on t
oday
. If
you k
now
what
thes
e
pic
ture
s ar
e of
then
wri
te i
t under
nea
th.
1 2
3 4
5
6 7
8
29
This source is a letter/ diary that was written by
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
What does the source tell you changed at Marks
Hall during World War Two? Eg was anything
new built?
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
How did the author of your source feel about the
changes? Are they happy about them? What
evidence do you have for this?
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
This source is a letter/ diary that was written by
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
What does the source tell you changed at Marks
Hall during World War Two? Eg was anything
new built?
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
How did the author of your source feel about the
changes? Are they happy about them? What
evidence do you have for this?
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
This source is a letter/ diary that was written by
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
What does the source tell you changed at Marks
Hall during World War Two? Eg was anything
new built?
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
How did the author of your source feel about the
changes? Are they happy about them? What
evidence do you have for this?
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
This source is a letter/ diary that was written by
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
What does the source tell you changed at Marks
Hall during World War Two? Eg was anything
new built?
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
How did the author of your source feel about the
changes? Are they happy about them? What
evidence do you have for this?
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
30
24
th D
ecem
ber
1943
Wel
l, I
’ve
just
got
bac
k f
rom
a C
hri
stm
as P
arty
up
at
the
Mar
ks
Hal
l E
stat
e. I
t’s
all
chan
ged
up t
her
e! P
oor
Mrs
Phil
lips
Pri
ce i
sn’t
liv
ing i
n t
he
house
an
y m
ore
; it
’s b
eing
use
d a
s th
e H
eadquar
ters
for
the
air
bas
e. T
her
e ar
e lo
ads
of
Am
eric
an G
Is l
ivin
g o
n t
he
site
now
and t
hey’v
e buil
t a
tonne
of
new
buil
din
gs
so t
hat
they
hav
e en
ou
gh s
pac
e to
house
them
all
. I
was
tal
kin
g t
o o
ne
sold
ier
and h
e sa
id t
hey
even
had
a c
inem
a on t
he
cam
p!
Can
you i
mag
ine?
It’s
bee
n a
lov
ely n
ight
though. W
e al
l w
alk
ed u
p t
o t
he
Est
ate
as a
fam
ily a
nd w
ent
into
the
man
sion. M
usi
c w
as
pla
yin
g a
nd p
eople
wer
e dan
cin
g a
nd h
avin
g a
wo
nder
ful
tim
e. I
f it
was
n’t
for
the
bla
ckout
curt
ains
kee
pin
g t
he
light
in
yo
u w
ould
alm
ost
hav
e fo
rgott
en t
hat
ther
e w
as a
war
on.
They
even
had
Fat
her
Ch
rist
mas
ther
e fo
r th
e li
ttle
ones
and I
was
quit
e je
alous
of
the
pre
sents
that
they w
ere
get
ting!
I’v
e
not
had
an
ice
cre
am i
n y
ears
bec
ause
all
of
the
ingre
die
nts
that
you w
ould
nee
d t
o m
ake
it a
re r
atio
ned
.
An
yw
ay,
it’s
quit
e la
te n
ow
and I
’ve
go
t to
be
up e
arly
tom
orr
ow
to h
elp M
um
mak
e th
e C
hri
stm
as d
inner
. W
e’re
det
erm
ined
to h
ave
a goo
d d
ay!
I’v
e bee
n i
nvit
ed u
p t
o t
he
house
for
anoth
er p
arty
for
New
Yea
r th
ou
gh s
o I
’ll
wri
te
more
about
the
house
then
!
Ess
ex,
5th
Jan
uar
y 1
944
Dea
r M
um
,
We’
ve
bee
n m
oved
agai
n!
I’m
sti
ll i
n E
ngla
nd a
nd
we’
re n
ow
in a
pla
ce c
alle
d E
ssex
whic
h i
s q
uit
e nea
r to
London.
The
Ger
man
s tr
y
to b
om
b u
s her
e but
we
show
them
who i
s boss
and f
ight
bac
k!
The
Bri
ts b
uil
t an
air
fiel
d r
igh
t n
ext
to a
big
co
un
try m
ansi
on
an
d t
hat
’s
wher
e I’
m s
tayin
g a
t th
e m
om
ent.
It’
s gre
at!
Th
ere
are
load
s of
woods
in t
he
par
k o
f th
e m
ansi
on w
hic
h g
ive
bri
llia
nt
cam
oufl
age
for
the
mil
itar
y h
osp
ital
and t
he
bar
rack
s w
her
e I
live.
The
house
itse
lf i
s our
com
man
d p
ost
and t
hat
’s w
her
e th
e w
hole
thin
g i
s ru
n
from
.
I h
ave
to s
ay M
um
, th
e si
te h
ere
is g
reat
. W
e’ve
got
a ci
nem
a her
e
that
show
s al
l of
the
late
st f
ilm
and w
e hav
e a
squas
h c
ourt
to k
eep
fit
on. W
e quit
e oft
en h
ave
dan
ces
up h
ere
wit
h t
he
loca
ls a
s w
ell
and I
’ve
actu
ally
met
a r
eall
y n
ice
gir
l. I
f it
was
n’t
for
the
Ger
man
s
tryin
g t
o b
om
b u
s I’
d b
e ver
y h
app
y!
We
get
them
bac
k t
hou
gh a
nd
pla
nes
lea
ve
her
e to
bom
b G
erm
any e
ver
y d
ay.
Giv
e m
y l
ove
to D
ad!
Jam
es
So
urc
e: A
let
ter
fro
m a
n A
mer
ica
n
sold
iers
liv
ing a
t M
ark
s H
all
S
ou
rce:
A d
iary
en
try w
ritt
en b
y a
gir
l li
vin
g i
n a
vil
lage
nea
rby
31
20
th A
ugust
, 1
944
I’ve
not
bee
n m
yse
lf t
oday
. I’
ve
just
bee
n t
hin
kin
g a
bout
how
much
has
chan
ged
her
e at
Mar
ks
Hal
l over
the
last
few
yea
rs.
My h
usb
and d
ied
8 y
ears
ago (
I st
ill
can
’t b
elie
ve
it’s
bee
n
that
long)
and o
f co
urs
e he
dec
ided
to l
eave
the
house
‘to
the
nat
ion’
so I
can
liv
e her
e unti
l I
die
but
then
the
countr
y o
wns
the
pla
ce
so
my
hom
e is
n’t
ev
en
real
ly
my
hom
e!
It’s
def
init
ely n
ot
my h
om
e at
the
mom
ent
bec
ause
th
e A
ir F
orc
e
hav
e ta
ken
ov
er t
he
man
sion a
nd b
uil
t a
load
of
bar
rack
s on
the
esta
te t
o h
ouse
the
2,5
00 p
eop
le w
ho a
re l
ivin
g t
her
e at
the
mom
ent.
I’m
gla
d t
hat
its
bei
ng u
sefu
l an
d I
fee
l as
if
I’m
doin
g m
y p
art
to h
elp t
he
war
bu
t I
hav
e no i
dea
how
I’m
goin
g t
o l
ook a
fter
the
pla
ce w
hen
the
war
is
finis
hed
. W
hat
am I
sup
pose
d t
o d
o w
ith b
arra
cks
and a
cin
ema?
The
house
is q
uit
e old
and i
t nee
ds
a lo
t of
work
. I
can’t
go u
p t
o t
he
ho
use
an
d as
k th
em if
th
ey’v
e ch
ecked
it
over
an
d fi
xed
thin
gs
like
the
leak
in t
he
roof
tho
ugh
can
I? T
hey
hav
e fa
r
more
im
port
ant
thin
gs
to w
orr
y a
bout
like
tryin
g t
o w
in t
he
war
! I
would
much
rat
her
they
conce
ntr
ated
on t
hat
!
On t
he
plu
s si
de
it’s
bee
n a
lovel
y d
ay t
oday a
nd
I d
id g
et t
o
go f
or
a quic
k w
alk a
rou
nd t
he
gro
unds.
A l
ot
of
the
flow
ers
are
in b
loom
at
the
mo
men
t an
d t
hey a
re l
ookin
g l
ovel
y.
I
thin
k I
’m j
ust
tir
ed a
nd t
hat
mig
ht
be
wh
y I
’ve
bee
n f
eeli
ng
odd.
Popp
y F
arm
,
15
th F
ebru
ary 1
944
Dea
r F
ran
k,
Than
k y
ou f
or
your
lett
er t
elli
ng u
s ab
out
how
you
are
all
, I’
m g
lad
to h
ear
that
Gra
ndm
a Jo
an i
s fe
elin
g b
ette
r. U
nfo
rtunat
ely t
hin
gs
are
not
good h
ere.
The
Am
eric
ans
are
in c
ontr
ol
of
the
man
sion a
t
Mar
ks
Hal
l an
d M
rs P
hil
lips
Pri
ce, th
e ac
tual
ow
ner
, is
liv
ing i
n a
smal
ler
house
no
w.
Its
ok
fo
r h
er, sh
e h
as s
erv
ants
to
lo
ok
aft
er h
er
and h
er h
ouse
is
wel
l ca
red f
or
but
ours
isn
’t.
Its
Feb
ruar
y n
ow
and
we’
ve
had
snow
this
wee
k a
nd t
he
house
is
free
zing. M
rs P
hil
lips
Pri
ce d
oes
n’t
see
m t
o b
e in
a h
urr
y t
o s
ort
it
out
though e
ven
thou
gh
as t
he
ow
ner
of
the
esta
te, it
’s h
er j
ob!
The
house
nee
ds
to b
e
moder
niz
ed!
But
I’m
beg
innin
g t
o t
hin
k t
hat
it
wil
l nev
er h
app
en.
In o
ther
new
s, t
he
Am
eric
ans
are
usi
ng t
he
esta
te a
s a
bas
e. H
ave
I
told
you t
hat
? T
hey
’ve
buil
t a
load
of
huts
in t
he
woods.
They l
ook
ugly
but
I bet
the
Am
eric
ans
are
war
m!
Th
ey g
et m
uch
bet
ter
looked
aft
er t
han
we
do!
We
wen
t up t
her
e fo
r a
par
ty a
t C
hri
stm
as
and t
hey h
ad b
anan
as a
nd o
ran
ges
and e
ver
yth
ing, st
uff
we
hav
en’t
seen
in y
ears
bec
ause
of
the
rati
onin
g!
An
yw
ay F
rank, M
oll
y i
s yel
lin
g a
t m
e th
at i
t’s
tim
e fo
r te
a. I
’m
goin
g t
o h
ave
to g
o.
I ho
pe
thin
gs
are
bet
ter
wher
e you a
re!
Jack
S
ou
rce:
A l
ette
r fr
om
a f
arm
er
wh
o w
ork
ed
on
th
e E
state
to h
is c
ou
sin
Sou
rce:
A d
iary
en
try w
ritt
en b
y
Mrs
Ph
illi
ps
Pri
ce
32
MARKS HALL MANSION GONE!
The mansion at the Marks Hall Estate
(pictured above) is no longer standing.
Individuals have lived on this site for over
900 years and it was recorded in the
Domesday Book in 1086. This week has
marked the end of an era as the house has
been demolished. The mansion was used
by the Royal Air Force and that American
Forces during the Second World War as a
base from which they controlled the East
Colne Airfield. The airfield was the site
from which many planes took off to go to
Germany and was vitally important in
helping Britain to win the war. Mrs
Phillips Price, the current owner of the
estate, has been living at Marygolds, a
different house on the estate, for the last
few years. She moved out to allow the
RAF to use the mansion during the Second
World War.
People are uncertain why the mansion has
been demolished. Sources claim that after
the war the mansion was badly vandalised
by squatters who moved into the house
without Mrs Phillips Price’s permission.
This meant that the house was dangerous
and it would be too expensive to repair.
However a local source who has asked to
remain anonymous has suggested that it
was Mrs Phillips Price who is responsible
for the demolition. He stated that ‘the
house is absolutely fine! I’m convinced
there was no damage to it at all, that
woman (Mrs Phillips Price) just couldn’t
be bothered to look after it any more. The
estate has been ruined by her!’
Mrs Phillips Price (with her husband
below) was not present when the house
was demolished and was staying in
Harrogate at the time because she did not
wish to watch
her home be
demolished.
Why the house
was demolished
remains a
mystery.
1950
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Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to you about your article about the demolition of the Marks Hall Mansion.
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Mrs Phillips Price has gained a bad reputation because the mansion was demolished when she
was in control of the estate. Your task is to decide whether she deserved this reputation. Could
she have avoided demolishing the house do you think? Does this make her a bad person?
Task: Write a letter the editor of the Marks Hall Times to explain how you feel about Mrs
Phillips Price. Does she deserve her reputation and was demolishing the house her fault? Can
you think of any positive things about her? Use all of the information you have learnt so far.
34
Suggested Activity: What you could do on a visit to Marks Hall
Time Activity
10-11
am Activity 1:
Students to be given a tour of the estate and a chance to explore. They will be
shown the Church and the site of the house, the war memorial and the gardens. A
brief overview of the history will be given whilst students are on the tour.
Students need to make sure that they are listening carefully to what is being said
and trying to remember what they have learnt about the Marks Hall Estate
because the tour will be finished by a quick quiz. There will be a prize of a Marks
Hall pencil for the winning team.
11-11.15
am Break for refreshments
11.15-
12.15
pm
Activity 2:
Ask students what they can remember about Mrs Phillips Price and where she
lived towards the end of her life. Talk to students about her move to Marygolds
and explain that towards the end of her life her mobility was limited to the ground
floor of her house. To allow her to still keep an eye over what was going on in the
estate she used a system of mirrors to help her to see.
Put students in small groups. One person is to be given a sign and the rest of the
group needs to work as a team to position themselves and their mirrors to allow
them to able to see the person with their symbol. This could be done over two
sides of a room or an area outside. Once students have considered how it is
possible to see over large distances with mirrors they should then pick a spot and
a view in the mirror that they like and sketch it. It is up to them where and what
they choose to draw.
12.15-1
pm Lunch
1-2 pm Activity 3:
Ask students to explain what happened at Marks Hall during World War Two.
Take them down to the war memorial on site and talk about what they can see,
how it makes them feel and why it is there and try to get them to think about the
fact that a memorial acts as a reminder of what has happened in the past.
Students will write a poem about what has happened at Marks Hall in the past. It
can be about any of the characters that have been studied, Nigel the Norman, Sir
Thomas Honywood, Frances Emma Honywood or Mrs Phillips Price or they can
use the war memorial as inspiration and write about the war or even how the
estate has changed over the time. They can choose whether to work individually
or in small groups of no more than four and at the end of the day students will be
asked to volunteer to perform their poetry.
2-2.30 Summing up the day and an opportunity for students to visit the gift shop.
