The Many Pathways To Recovery

Victor S. Braatz-ADSExecutive Director

Recovery Network Inc.

Many thanks to those professionals who are integrating Recovery Oriented Systems of Care into our health model. Particularly Jack G. Jesse Ph.D. and William White, MA, who’s research and practices were critical in the development of this presemtation.

Roads to Recovery (coined by Bill Wilson)

• Roads to Recovery- Bill Wilson, 1944

“The roads to recovery are many and that the resolution of alcoholism by any method should be a cause for celebration by A.A. members”

Many Pathways to RecoveryPart 1- Mutual Aid Groups

• Current Mutual Aid Groups, with informational web-sites

• Online supports and information

Advantages and Disadvantages of Mutual Aid Groups

Mutual Aid Groups

• Alcoholics Anonymous- www.aa.org• Narcotics Anonymous- www.NA.org• Al-Anon- www.ola.is.org• Other A’s• Women for Sobriety- www.womenfor

sobriety.org • Rational Recovery- www.rational.org

Mutual Aid Groups (continued)

• SMART Recovery: Self-Management and Recovery Training- www.smartrecovery.org

• White Bison- www.whitebison.org• HAMS- Harm Reduction Abstinece and

Moderation Support- http://hamsnetwork.org• S.O.S. Secular Organization for Sobriety-

www.sossobriety.org

Mutual Aid Groups (continued)

• Life Ring- www.unhooked.com• Celebrate Recovery-

www.celebraterecovery.com• HAHA- Health and Healing Advocate's

www.recoverynetworkmi.org

Online Support Resources

• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services- www.hhs.gov

• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration(SAMHSA)- www.samhsa.gov

• National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) www.drugabuse.gov

• National Council on Problem Gambling- www.ncpgambling.org

Online Support Resources (continued)

• 24/7 Help Yourself- www.24/7helpyourself.com

• Sober Recovery- www.soberrecovery.com• Cyber Recovery- www.cyberrecovery.net• Addiction Tribe- www.addictiontribe.net • Daily Strength- www.dailystrenght.org• National Alliance on Mental Illness-

www.nami.org

Online Support Resources (continued)

• Anxiety Tribe- www.anxietytribe.com• MD Junction- www.mdjunction.com

Look to the web for education, help and resources

Benefits of Mutual Aid Groups

• Group Interaction: common issues and concerns

• Networking: share interest

• Practical Knowledge: mentoring from others

• Cost Effectiveness: cost is minimal

Benefits of Mutual Aid Groups (continued)

• Recognition: awareness of maladaptive thoughts

• Empowerment: help build self-actualization

• Community: develop sense of belonging

Benefits of Mutual Aid Groups (continued)

• Compliance: higher completion ratio

• Acceptance: being accepted by a group of people who share similar issues can be both curative and permanent

Benefits of Mutual Aid Groups (continued)

• Overall Effectiveness: Although there is not enough cumulative data on mutual aid groups to measure their long term success rates, in the short term people will…

1. develop a better understanding of their drug/alcohol issues

2. learn from positive role models3. Better comply with treatment and sanctions4. Better understand the impact their use caused

on relationships, family, friends, employers and society

Disadvantages of Mutual Aid Groups

• Dependence: lack of self-actualization

• Rigid and Dogmatic: many groups have become altruistic in their approach and lack tolerance for other groups

• Coercion: when people are not ready to change, they generally will not

Disadvantages of Mutual Aid Groups (continued)

• Predators: “13th step”

• Mental Health Disorders: many co-occuring mental disorders result in the person being looked on as non-compliant

1. The colorful history of the Recovery/Mutual aid movement in the United States

2. A look a cultural influence’s along the way

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual AID

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual AID(continued)

• 1750-Early 1800’s native Americans formed sobriety (Circles)

• 1784: Dr. Benjamin Rush. Dr. Rush’s writings mark the beginning of the American temperance movement

• 1810: Rush calls for creation of ‘Sober Houses” for the care of the confirmed drunkard

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual Aid (continued)

• 1830: Dr. Samuel Woodward calls for the creation of inebriated asylums.

• 1842: The Washington Total Abstinence Movement, beginning of evangelical mutual aid

• 1845: Frederick Douglass promotes temperance among African American people

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual Aid (continued)

• 1849: Swedish physician Magnus Hass describes a disease resulting form chronic alcohol consumption. He christens it Alcoholismus chronicus. Thus the term alcoholism

• 1864: The first Inebriate Asylum is opened in New York State

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual Aid (continued)

• 1867: The Martha Washington Home opens in Chicago. The first institution specializing in the treatment of Women

• 1872: Walter Street Mission in New York City, beginning of the urban mission movement, carried on today by the Salvation Army

• 1880: Sigmund Freud recommends Cocaine be used in the treatment of alcohol and opiate addiction

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual Aid (continued)

• 1893-1933: Anti-Saloon League, marked the beginning of the prohibitionist movement. Disappeared soon after the 18th amendment was repealed in 1933

• 1908-1940: Oxford Group (First Century Christian Fellowship) founded by Lutheran minister Frank Buchman. Bill Wilson was introduced to the group by his friend Ebby T. in 1934

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual Aid (continued)

• 1935: Bill Wilson and Dr. Bob Smith following many of the principles of the Oxford Group founded Alcoholics Anonymous in June

• 1976: Women for Sobriety, founded by Dr. Jean Kirkpatrick. “ New Life” program consist of 13 acceptance statements

• 1985: Secular Organization for Sobriety (SOS) founded by Jim Christopher “Sobriety Priority”

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual Aid (continued)

• 1986: Rational Recovery founded by Jack Trimpey. Addictive Voice Recognition Technique (AVRT)

• 1988: White Bison founded by Don Coyhis, native american based “Wellbriety”

• 1990: Celebrate Recovery founded by Pastor Jack Baker, follow 8 guiding principles

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual Aid (continued)

• 1992: SMART Recovery, Self-Management and Recovery Training, uses a four-point approach

• 1994: Moderation Management founded by Audrey Kishline. Behavioral change program

• 1999: LifeRing, split from S.O.S. follows the three S’s “Sobriety, Secularity, Self-Help”

U.S. History of Recovery/Mutual Aid

• 2007: HAMS (Harm Reduction, Abstinence and Moderation Support) founded by Kenneth Anderson

Many Pathways to RecoveryPart 3-Types of Recovery

• Review different recovery models

• Discuss effects of different recovery models

Types of Recovery

• Abstinence-based Recovery: Resolution by complete cessation

• Affiliated or Assisted Recovery: Use of professional treatment, mutual aid groups and sanctions

Types of Recovery(continued)

• Bicultural Style of recovery:

• Complete Recovery: advance state of wellness also known as transcendence

• Cultural Recovery: return to ancestral traditions

Types of Recovery(continued)

• Faith-Based Recovery: mutual support from the faith based community

• Family Recovery: Individual recovery of family members precede the recovery of the family as a unit

Types of Recovery(continued)

• Harm Reduction (as a stage of recovery):

• High Bottom Recovery: lack of economic or social losses due to use

• Low Bottom Recovery: usually later stage of addition, great losses and negative consequences

Types of Recovery(continued)

• Solo Recovery: self-initiated and self-managed without professional treatment or mutual aid

• Medication-assisted Recovery: use of pharmaceuticals for detoxification, stabilization, adhesives and anti-craving

Types of Recovery(continued)

• Moderated Recovery: resolution of use, recognizing AOD’s exist on a wide continuum of severity. Resolution is a less medicalized term than recovery.

• Secular Recovery:

Types of Recovery(continued)

• Multiple Pathways of Recovery: (Multiple Pathway Model): recognizing that there are multiple pathways into and out of addiction

• Peer-Based Recovery: 1. Recovery Oriented Systems of Care 2. Recovery Mentors- trained peer helpers 3. Recovery Community Organizations 4. Building Recovery Capital

Types of Recovery(continued)

• Holistic Recovery: dealing with the whole person, mind, body and spirit.

1. Mindfulness 2. Health, Nutrition and Exercise 3. Smoking cessation 4. Meditation 5. Auricular acupuncture 6. Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT)

Thank You