The Major Prophets

The Major Prophets

Pentateuch Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy

Historical Books

Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1-2 Samuel, 1-2 Kings, 1-2 Chronicles,

Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther

Poetic Books

Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon

Prophetic Books

Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel,

Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah,

Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi

What is a Prophet?• They functioned as Preachers

• They functioned as Predictors

• Prophet versus Priest

IsaiahThe Old Testament Gospel

The Bible IsaiahOld Testament: 39 BooksNew Testament: 27 Books

Judgment: 39 ChaptersComfort: 27 Chapters

Total Books: 66 Books Total: 66 Chapters

Chapters 1-35

Judgments in the Present

Chapters 36-39 Chapters 40-66

Historical Interlude

Glory in the Future

The Judgment of God The Comfort of God

Messiah the Judge Messiah the Servant

God’s Government

A throne (6:1)

God’s Grace

A lamb (53:6)

Northern Kingdom Ends !

UzziahJotham Ahaz Hezekiah Manassah

Nahum

740 716735 697 687

Ministry of Isaiah

Ministry of Micah

Ministry of Hosea

Amos

The World of Isaiah’s Day

Isaiah 1A Microcosm of the Entire Book of

IsaiahIsaiah 1:1 Genesis 1:1 Deuteronomy 32:1

Listen, Oheavens, andhear, O earth

In the beginning Godcreated the heavensand the earth

Give ear, O heavens, and letme speak; and let the earthhear the words of my mouth

Child Motif• Shear-jashub (Isaiah 7:3)• Immanu-el (Isaiah 7:14; 8:8)• Maher-shalal-hash-baz (Isaiah

8:3)• Isaiah’s children (Isaiah 8:18)• The Royal Child (Isaiah 9:6-7).

JeremiahThe Weeping Prophet

IsaiahSaw the Northern Kingdom of Israel

taken into Captivity at the hands of Assyria

JeremiahSaw the Southern Kingdom of Judah

taken into Captivity at the hands of Babylon

Foretold of the judgments that would

come in the future

Explained the reasons for the judgments

Judah was experiencing

Looks primarily to the future

Looks primarily to the present

Isaiah JeremiahBold and fearless Gentle and

compassionate

Was married to a prophetess and had

children with prophetic names

Was commanded not to take a wife or have

any children

Chapter 1

Prologue

Chapters 2-20 Chapters21-45

Chapters46-51

Chapter 52

From Josiah to the first year of

Nebuchadnezzar

From Josiah’s

sons to the Captivity

Oracles to the

Nations

Epilogue

Judgment against Judah Nations

Call of Jeremiah

Fall of Jerusalem

Call of Jeremiah (1)Prophecies of Judah & Jerusalem (2-35)

Historical Narrative

Prior to the fall of Jerusalem (36-38)The fall of Jerusalem (39)

After the fall of Jerusalem (40-45)Prophecies of other nations (46-51)

Fall of Jerusalem (52)

Jeremiah 31:31-32“Behold, days are coming,”

declares the LORD, “when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah, 32 not like the covenant which I made with their fathers in the day I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, My covenant which they broke, although I was a husband to them,” declares the LORD.

Jeremiah 31:33“But this is the covenant which I

will make with the house of Israel after those days," declares the LORD, “I will put My law within them, and on their heart I will write it; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people.

Jeremiah 31:34And they shall not teach again,

each man his neighbor and each man his brother, saying, ‘Know the LORD,’ for they shall all know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them,” declares the LORD, “for I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more.”

Old Covenant

Let us go up to the house of the

Lord

New Covenant

Go unto all the world and make disciples of the

nations

Jerusalem Church

LamentationsThe Song of Sorrow

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 3rd person plural (“they”)

1st person singular (“I”)

1st person plural (“we”)

Each verse begins with an acrostic

Each line begins with an acrostic

Each verse begins with an acrostic

No acrostic

Writer addresses himself to his readers Writer prays to God

Lamentations

Lamentations 3:40-42Let us examine and probe our ways, And let us return to the LORD.We lift up our heart and handsToward God in heaven;We have transgressed and rebelled, Thou hast not pardoned.

Lessons from Lamentations

• God is Sovereign over the affairs of men

• Sin brings forth tragic consequences• There is hope in the darkness

EzekielThe Prophet-Priest

25 - 32 33 - 48

• Ezekiel’s call (1-2)• Judgment (3-7)• Temple (8-11) • Judgment (12-14)• Pictures (15-19)• Judgment (20-23)• Pictures (24)

• Amon• Moab• Edom• Philistia• Tyre• Sidon• Egypt

• Watchman (33)

• Restoration (34-37)

• Gog & Magog (38-39)

• New Temple (40-48)

Oracles against Judah

Oracles against Nations

Oracles of Salvation

1 - 24

Amos

620 610 600 590 580 570 560

Josiah

Jehoahaz

Jeho

iaki

m

Jehoiachin

Zedekiah

Obadiah?

Jeremiah

DanielEzekielHabakkuk

Joel?Jerusalem & Temple Destroyed

Fall ofNineveh

Babylonian Captivity

The Glory of the Lord• Ezekiel sees the glory of the

presence of the Lord within His temple (8:4).

• The glory of God is seen at the doorway to the temple (9:3).

• It next leaves the doorway and moves out to the Eastern Gate (10:18)

The Glory of the Lord• It moves completely out of the

city of Jerusalem: And the glory of the LORD went up from the midst of the city, and stood over the mountain which is east of the city (Ezekiel 11:23).

Ezekiel’s Vision John’s RevelationA Temple within the

CityThe New Jerusalem

• Ezekiel is taken in this vision to a very high mountain (40:2)

• John is carried in the Spirit to a great and high mountain (21:10)

• A man uses a rod to measure the dimensions of the temple (40:5-ff)

• An angel measures the city with a rod (21:15-17)

• The entire temple area is a perfect square (42:15-20)

• The entire city is a perfect cube (21:16)



• The presence of the glory of the Lord enters the temple (43:3-4)

• No need of sun or moon because the Lord illumines His city (22:5)

• No foreigner is admitted into the temple (44:9)

• Nothing unclean and no unbeliever is allowed into the city (21:8, 27)

• A river of water flows out of the temple (47:1)

• A river of the water of life comes from the throne of God (22:1)



• There are a total of 12 gates around the city (48:30-34)

• There are 12 gates to the city (21:21)

• The name of the city shall be: “The Lord is there” (48:35).

• The throne of God shall be there (22:3)

Ezekiel 43:4-5 And the glory of the LORD

came into the house by the way of the gate facing toward the east. 5 And the Spirit lifted me up and brought me into the inner court; and behold, the glory of the LORD filled the house.

DanielStatesman-Prophet

1:1 8:1

Written in the Third Person Written in the First Person

Seven Historical Narratives

Four Prophetic Visions

Written in Aramaic Written in HebrewHebrew

Prophetic History relating to the Gentiles

Prophetic History relating to the JewsPrologue

Dream of the image of the four kingdoms (2)

Rescue of Daniel’s friends from the fiery furnace (3)

Nebuchadnezzar’s dream of the tree Daniel’s interpretation Nebuchadnezzar’s humiliation (4)

Belshazzar’s feast and handwriting on wall Daniel’s interpretation Belshazzar’s death (5)

Rescue of Daniel from the lion’s den (6)

Night vision of four beasts (7)

Daniel 2Vision of a great

statue

Daniel 7MeaningKings &

KingdomsVision of beasts

from the seaHead of fine gold Babylon Lion with wingsBreast & arms of

silverMedes & Persia

Bear with three ribs in its teeth

Belly & thighs of bronze

Greek Empire

Leopard with 4 wings & 4 heads

Legs of iron & clay; ten toes

Antiochus?Rome?

Beast with iron teeth & ten horns

Daniel 2 Daniel 7MeaningAll previous kingdoms

destroyed by the stone cut without

hands

Coming of the Lord and His Kingdom

Ancient of Days takes his seat and passes judgment

A new kingdom that will never be destroyed (2:44)

His kingdom will be an everlasting kingdom (7:27)

Daniel 7Dream comes in the

first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon

Daniel 8Vision given in the third

year of the reign of Belshazzar the king

Successive beasts rise up out of the ocean

• Babylon• Medes & Persia• Greece• Other Kingdom

A ram standing by a canal is attacked by a goat coming from the

west • Medes & Persia• Greece

Terrible beast has ten horns

Large horn broken; gives way to ten horns

Out comes a smallhorn that…

Out comes a smallhorn that…

Daniel 7 Daniel 8

Pulls up three previous hornsUtters great boastsAlterations in times and lawWages war against saints and wins against them

Grows exceedinglyMagnifies itself against

heavenRemoves regular sacrifice & throws down the templeFlings truth to the

ground

Daniel 7 Daniel 8Saints are given into his hand for a time,

times, and half a time

Endures for 2300 mornings and evenings

Then sovereignty, dominion, and

greatness are given to the saints of the Most

High

Then the holy place will be properly restored

Daniel 12:1Now at that time Michael, the great

prince who stands guard over the sons of your people, will arise. And there will be a time of distress such as never occurred since there was a nation until that time; and at that time your people, everyone who is found written in the book, will be rescued.

Daniel 12:2And many of those who sleep in the dust of the ground will awake, these to everlasting life, but the others to disgrace and everlasting contempt.

“A time of distress…”• Abomination of Desolation brought

by Antiochus Epiphanes in 168 B.C.• Destruction of the Temple brought by

Titus in A.D. 70• The Final Judgment

Daniel 12:4But as for you, Daniel, conceal

these words and seal up the book until the end of time; many will go back and forth, and knowledge will increase.

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The Major Prophets