The Magazine for Great Salkeld & area Issue 33 Spring 2019great-salkeld.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Craic-33-full-for-web.pdf · works around the Penrith area and I relive my childhood

Great Salkeld CRAIC Magazine 33 (Spring 2019) www.great-salkeld.net Page 1

CraicThe Magazine for Great Salkeld & areaIssue 33 Spring 2019


Hello from the Editor, We have in this our, 33rd issue of Craic, a

varied range of articles. There’s an update on the RSPB Big Garden

Birdwatch which took place at the end of January and we report on the Burns Night supper. Plus, we look back on 40 years of the invaluable Fellrunner bus service.

Neil Wales writes about the village school plus there’s an article on the BEEP Fund works around the Penrith area and I relive my childhood memories chasing rainbows. Easter is just around the corner so we wish all our friends and neighbours a peaceful and enjoyable time. Donald Maclennan

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THank you!Support is enormously helpful for the continued publication of the magazine.Would you like to contribute to Craic? We welcome short articles and news items. Please send your pieces to [email protected]. We won’t always have space to include every article or item in the current Craic; some items will be held over to subsequent issues, while some items will go onto the village website. News and Events are included on the Village website: www.great-salkeld.net The website contains the Diary of Village Events. Email Philip on [email protected] for diary inclusion.

Cover photo: St Cuthbert window in the church by Fiona Exon

Welcome to the Spring 2019 issue of Craic


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Great Salkeld’s “Big Garden Birdwatch” by Richard Wood

The Royal Society for the

Protection of Birds (RSPB) held its 40th anniversary of conducting The Big Garden Birdwatch from 26-28 January 2019. Members of the RSPB are asked to spend one hour at any time between these dates to record the maximum number of individual bird species seen at one time.

Although the 2019 results have not yet been calculated nationally, it was thought to be interesting to compare the results from members in the Great Salkeld area to national results for 2018. So, below is a comparison:

There were other species seen during the survey in Great Salkeld and these included: Carrion Crow, Rook, Jackdaw, Stock Dove, Pheasant (thanks to Nunwick!), Tree Sparrow, Greater Spotted Woodpecker, Nuthatch, Wren, Goldcrest and Bullfinch.

So, no great surprises but one or two observations. The House Sparrow,

which has declined by 57% over 40 years, due to modern farming practices, is making a comeback. Long-tailed Tits continue to become more numerous but where is the Song Thrush? Once as common as the Blackbird and now hardly seen, as is its close relative, the Mistle Thrush. However, we can take comfort in two reasonably rare birds being seen…..the Goldcrest and the Tree Sparrow!

SPECIES GREaT SaLkELD Jan.2019 RSPB naTIonaL Jan.2018 Rank Average Rank Average

House Sparrow 1 5.5 1 4.34Blue Tit 2 3.0 3 2.61Starling 3 2.25 2 3.04Chaffinch 4 2. 0 10 1.35Long-tailed Tit 5= 1.25 9 -Great Tit 5= 1.25 7 1.50Blackbird 7 1.0 4 2.38Woodpigeon 8= 0.75 5 -Robin 8= 0.75 8 1.39Greenfinch 8= 0.75 18 0.43Coal Tit 8= 0.75 - -Goldfinch 12= 0.50 6 -Dunnock 12= 0.50 13 0.89Collared Dove 12= 0.50 - -


What some village data collectors had to say about their 2019 “Big Garden Birdwatch”

“...not too bad for one half of a small garden in just an hour.... I watched just one area about 12ft square. 17 species in all. Highlights were the woodpecker (a regular visitor in winter), nuthatch and longtailed tits.

I believe that the food put out for birds is the key to the species variety that you see. We use several kinds - something for every species.

If it had been the next weekend I could have included a male and female bullfinch and a goldcrest too!”

“

“An interesting hour was spent observing the birds visiting my garden during the recent RSPB Big Garden Bird Watch.

I recorded 15 different species; (my previous best count for the BTO bird survey had been 18).The 17 house sparrows were the most numerous and also the most vocal, chattering continuously in the hedge and bushes. Considering the recent continuous falling of numbers, it was a pleasure to watch 3 (aggressive!) greenfinches on the sunflower feeder. Other common birds included the wren, goldfinch and 3 species of tit: blue, coal and great tit.” n

“

“It was our first time doing the survey and we enjoyed it. Sitting quietly for an hour and concentrating on our garden bird visitors was a pleasure and we were pleased to get to know some of the birds better.

We had a handy book about birds so could identify any we weren’t sure about. A couple of species were fairly new to us - a dunnock and the shy tiny wren.

It was a good chance to get to know a bit about the behaviours of the different species.”

“


I‘Twas a braw bricht nicht

On Saturday 26th January, more than 50 of us gathered in the village hall to

commemorate the 260th birthday of the Scottish bard: Rabbie Burns. We were a day late, but can be forgiven as the first supper of the Burns Club, held in Greenock by friends of the late poet, was held on 29th January, 1801. In actual fact, the nicht was not exactly braw or bricht as snow started to fall as we approached the hall, but there was a warm welcome waiting within.

The main focus of the evening was the fantastic entertainment provided by Kinfolk, a folk group consisting of Brian McDaid and Gerry Power on guitar, vocals and mandolin, and our own Michael Sanderson on fiddle and vocals. They began with the two title tracks from their CDs entitled ‘This Land’ and ‘Long Time Gone’. With the personal stories behind the songs explained, they proved once again the universality of music with themes of travelling and the powerful draw of the places of our birth, striking a chord with many. Similarly, the tunes were refreshing in their novelty, but the style and refrains were comfortingly familiar which drew us in, as did the mastery of their playing.

Midway through the evening came the traditional fare of haggis, neeps and tatties, followed by cranachan; tasty and very welcome on a cold evening. As we’ve come to expect of the committee, the food was wholesome and promptly served with a smile. They really do look after everyone so well, even sourcing gluten free haggis for those who need it. It was the ‘real thing’, however, that had to publically meet its fate in the traditional Address to the Haggis that was so ably delivered by Eileen Dunning this year. An impressive

- by Jill Stewartfeat of memory, the address was given with aplomb and precise diction that drew out the humour of the ‘grace/As lang’s my arm’.

Fed and watered, we all settled back as Kinfolk struck up again. Alongside their own music, we were treated to some traditional airs including Skye Boat Song, Wild Mountain Thyme, The Water is Wide and Loch Lomond. With the easy manner of seasoned professionals, we were encouraged to join in and many obliged. One of the highlights was Michael’s trio of dance tunes that had all toes tapping and we concluded with the obligatory chorus of Auld Lang’s Syne.

As the evening drew to a close, there was a sense of being well met, well fed and very well entertained. Robert Burns had been very roundly celebrated for another year, and about £400 was raised for the village hall.

For those who might feel they missed out, we have been promised a return to the village of Kinfolk later in the year, and they can also be heard at their next local outing on 13th April in Castle Carrock (tickets from 07904 076197). n


Great Salkeld School, St. Cuthbert’s, closed on the 16th

July, 2004 and with it ceased the education of children that can be traced back for 500 years, to about 1515, when Henry V111 was on the throne. It must, therefore, have been one of the oldest schools in England. This was the time of the Renaissance (the re-birth of learning and culture) and the Reformation which established the Church of England. The 16th and 17th centuries were the time of Henry V111, Elizabeth 1, Cromwell, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Sir Thomas More.

The school was endowed with small sums of rent from various pieces of land within the Parish and with fees from new tenants in the Manor of Great Salkeld. However, by the 1770s, the farmers refused to pay up and a long Chancery Lawsuit followed to sue them and regain the full endowment again. It would seem that this lawsuit was lost as the school never regained the money it thought was due.

During the 16th and 17th centuries it is thought that the school took place in the Chancel of the Church. In 1682 William Nicholson became the Rector of Great Salkeld and Archdeacon of Carlisle. (1702-1718, Bishop of Carlisle, 1718-1727, Bishop of Derry, 1727, Archbishop of Cashel – he died that year). The School was inspected in February 1704 (while he was the Bishop of Carlisle) and he records on the 26th February 1704 that, when he was the Rector, he found the Chancel in some disorder, the children being taught there or in the Church Porch. This

Looking back on our village school - St Cuthbert’s by neil Wales

The school as it is now - long after it’s pupils and teachers

left for the last time.


probably carried on until 1686 when Nicholson says that he got a schoolhouse erected. (He also had the Altar Rails put up and later the churchyard wall was built). This schoolhouse was probably on the site of the present old school building. When Nicholson had it built it would almost certainly have been on part of his ‘glebe’, the land given to the local incumbent to farm for part of his income. Consequently he did not have to persuade a local owner to give up some land or raise money to buy the site. The land between the Church and the Rectory will also have been part of the glebe.

Local clergy often ran schools as a sideline to make extra cash. Great Salkeld’s Master was paid £3 per year from the school’s endowments so when the tenants/farmers refused to pay the school would be in difficulty. Pupils paid 6d or less (two and a half pence in todays money) every three months. Not many parents were able to pay and so schools were small and only for bright boys already showing promise and worthy of the outlay. In 1829 there was a schoolmaster in Great Salkeld and in 1847 there were two, both probably running private schools. One of them was run by the Rev. George Chapman, Great Salkeld’s Presbyterian Minister.

The Parish is the birthplace of several eminent men. Whether they attended Great Salkeld School when they were boys is unknown but it must be a possibility if they lived in the parish.• Lord (Edward) Ellenborough, son of

Archdeacon (later Bishop) Law, Rector of Great Salkeld. Edward was born in the village on 16th November 1750 and became Lord Chief Justice 1802-1818. He died on the 11th December 1818.

• The Rev. George Benson – Non-Conformist theologian. Died 1767.

• The Rev. John Bowstead BD. Classicist and Headmaster of Bampton School.

• Roland Wetherall. Mathematician and Astronomer in the mid 18th century.

• Colonel Moorhouse. Died in the storming of Bangalore.

• The Rev. John Rotheram and the Rev. Caleb Thomas. Theologians.

For some years previous to 1856 there was no school, presumably due to the Chancery Lawsuit. Then, in 1855, the Rev. John Scott Mulcaster arrived and (quote) ‘got one built which is an ornament to the village and is conferring great benefit upon the children of the poor (i.e. most of Great Salkeld who otherwise were too poor to spare cash or time for schooling). The school can hold 96; average attendance is 60. It is inspected regularly. It is financed by voluntary subscriptions. A master’s house is attached. The cost of building was £570, raised by subscriptions from the Rector and landowners and aided by Government Grant’. The Headmaster was Thomas Pattinson. The Rev. Mulcaster was born in 1809 and was Rector of Great Salkeld from 1855 -1879.

The following information is extracted from Kelly’s Directories 1858-1925. Those for 1929, 1934, and 1938 do not mention the school, nor does the 1954 Cumberland Directory.

Empire Day at the School 1909


• 1897 – The Headmaster was Arthur Smith. There were no Assistant teachers recorded.

• 1906 – The school was termed a Public Elementary School and enlarged at a cost of £350. It was said to be adequate for 160 pupils with an average attendance of 87.

• 1910 – The Headmaster was still Arthur Smith but there were now two Assistant teachers, Miss W.S. Watkins and Miss Grace Mallinson.

• 1914 – The school was designated adequate for 135 pupils. Average attendance 55. Arthur Smith was still the Headteacher and the Assistant Mistresses were Miss E. Smith and Miss E.B. Anderson.

• 1921- Arthur Smith was still the Headmaster with Miss E. Smith the Assistant Mistress.

• 1925 – Still a school for 135 pupils. No average attendance was given. The Headmaster was Sidney H. Jones and the Assistant Mistress Miss M.J. Balfour. n

BIBLIOGRAPHY.- Nicholson and Burn ‘History of

Westmoreland and Cumberland’ 1777.- W. Hutchinson ‘History of Cumberland

1794-1797.- Parson and White’s Directory 1829.- Mannix and Whellan’s Directory 1827.- F. Whellan ‘History of Cumberland 1860’.- T. Bulmer ‘ Directory of East Cumberland

1884 and 1901’.

Way-back-when in a school photo from the collection of Mike and Eileen Collins

The school anniversary sign which was made in 2002 and is now located at the village hall.


History of the BEEP Fund

The B.E.E.P Fund was set up in April 1994 as an addition to the then existing Penrith and

District Accident Scheme, which had for over 20 years raised money to provide a basic level of equipment for local doctors/GP’s in mainly the Eden Valley including Penrith, Kirkoswald, High Hesket, Temple Sowerby, Kirkby Stephen, Shap, & Keswick, allowing them to attend accidents and other serious medical emergencies in the area. Sadly a few years later, the Penrith & District Accident Scheme folded mainly due to the changes in local GP working hours/responsibilities. However, in Penrith we felt there was a need to take this enhanced medical provision a step further and to buy more sophisticated equipment because, due to the rurality of the region, it could often take a long time to get medical care to patients and also then a long time to get them to hospital. It was also felt that it would benefit the local community if we developed a designated vehicle (the Immediate Response Vehicle), which was capable of carrying this equipment & which could have the standard emergency response livery/markings on the outside of the car as well as blue lights & sirens in the same way as other emergency services. The main

pieces of equipment in the car are a state of the art portable monitor/defibrillator (which measures heart rate, ECG, blood oxygen levels, expired carbon dioxide, blood pressure etc), a Major Incident pack, a portable ventilator, a paediatric bag as well as fully equipped medical grab bags. The car also carries

oxygen, entonox, various splints, neck collars, intravenous fluids etc.

The Fund started off initially with mainly 5 or 6 of the doctors from the Birbeck Medical Group in the Health Centre in Penrith & hence the name Birbeck Emergency Equipment for Patients (or BEEP Fund) was coined, though the remit has always been to treat any & every person seriously injured or ill within the region regardless of whether they belonged to the Birbeck Medical Group or not. However, over the course of the last few years, a majority of the original Doctors from Birbeck have now left the Fund, though the name still remains & the Practice still provides a very strong support for BEEP. Thankfully, these Doctors have been replaced by other local Doctors, all of whom now have advanced medical skills & most are able to perform pre-hospital general anaesthetics as well as surgical procedures etc, thereby providing more stabilisation of the critically ill patient long before they reach hospital. A lot of these procedures cannot be provided by paramedics & can be crucial in ensuring a better outcome for patients.


Over the years, BEEP Fund Doctors have attended several Major Incidents in Cumbria either as Command & Control roles or as Operational roles along with the Ambulance Service. This has included the Grayrigg train crash in 2007, the Keswick bus crash & West Cumbria shootings in 2010, the two episodes of Cumbrian floods & recently the tragedy of the Manchester bombing in May 2017. All the Doctors are trained in dealing with Major Incidents as well as the day to day emergencies.

The Fund also pays for the essential ongoing training needed to maintain & improve the Doctors’ skill levels, although the doctors give their time at incidents/call-outs for free.

All the Doctors are called out by the Northwest Ambulance Service when they feel the patient would benefit from having the extra skills/procedures a Doctor can provide.

A recent and very exciting development was the decision by the BEEP Committee to change the radius of operation from essentially the Eden Valley (or a radius of about 15 miles from Penrith) to now include the whole of North Cumbria from the West Coast to the Pennines & from the Solway/border area to Tebay/Kirkstone Pass. This means that patients in the more far flung areas of this region now have access to advanced medical skills, which is even more important considering the distances involved in getting patients to hospital, especially Major Trauma Centres (the nearest of which are either Newcastle or Preston). Part of the reason for this change is that the Ambulance Service now need to try to bring these enhanced skills to these sorts of patients & there has been no-one with these skills living in the more peripheral areas. However, the present doctors are more spread out across North Cumbria (living in places such as Keswick, Caldbeck & Brampton) & therefore are more likely to be able to respond to such emergencies. Along with this geographical

change, the abilities & range of interventions provided by the BEEP Fund doctors has increased in recent years, thus providing more abilities to stabilise patients before they reach hospital.

Over £400,000 has now been raised since the Fund started, thanks to the extreme generosity and hard work of local people. The car is fully operational and in constant daily use, although we have also kitted out each of our own vehicles with a similar level of equipment so that we can also respond to emergencies in these as well. However, it is estimated that the running costs of the BEEP Fund vehicle, the buying of new equipment & the paying for training courses come to around £30,000-40,000 per year. We attend approximately 150 call-outs per year & at least 75% of these are to road traffic collisions. Of the rest, a significant number are to farming incidents & also to recreational incidents, especially during summer months when we have an influx of visitors to the region.

We run regular monthly training sessions in our base building near Penrith, which we started renting on a long lease about 10 years ago. These sessions are extremely useful & often well attended, not just by BEEP Fund Doctors but also a mixture of paramedics, Police, Fire Service & Mountain Rescue etc.

The Fund has been a Registered Charity since 1996 and as of 1st October 2005 it became a Limited Company. n


I was walking back towards the village from North Dykes in the afternoon when I saw

a stunning rainbow in the Eden Lacy area. Looking at it brought back many childhood memories from the late 50’s. My mother would take myself, my siblings and other village children on daily walks. Whenever we saw a rainbow she would tell us, if we were to chase it and touch it where it meets the ground, we would find a chest of gold coins and lots of sweets, which we could keep. We never did catch it, as it always disappeared before we got there. One occasion, we decided not to run straight across the field towards it. We got down on the ground and sneaked along behind the hedgerow so it couldn’t see us. When we eventually jumped out to catch it, yet again it had gone. The Met Office has kindly provided the following article which tells us all we need to know about rainbows.The properties and behaviour of light, and how it interacts with droplets of water, give rise to one of nature’s most colourful meteorological events - the rainbow.

HoW RaInBoWS aRE foRMED

It’s all in the geometry...Rainbows are formed when sunlight is

scattered from raindrops into the eyes of an observer.

Most raindrops are spherical rather than the often depicted ‘teardrop’ shape and it is this spherical shape that provides the conditions for a rainbow to be seen.

The position of the sun and the raindrops in relation to the observer need to be just right for a rainbow to form:

l The sun needs to be behind the viewer.l The sun needs to be low in the sky, at an

angle of less than 42° above the horizon. The lower the sun in the sky the more of an arc of a rainbow the viewer will see.

l Rain, fog or some other source of water droplets must be in front of the viewer.

The size of the raindrops does not directly affect the geometry of a rainbow, but mist or fog tends to disperse the effect more (see fogbows).

Rainbows only appear semi-circular over level ground at sunrise or sunset, when the sun is exactly on the horizon, the majority of the time a smaller segment of an arc is seen.

The effect of light hitting a raindropBecause water is denser than air, light passing

from air to a raindrop at an angle slows and changes direction, in a process called refraction.

Sunlight is made up of light of many different wavelengths that slow by different amounts causing the white light to split, or disperse, with the shorter blue and violet wavelengths going through a slightly increased change of direction to the longer wavelengths of the red light.

If the angles at which the light enters the droplet are correct, some of the light that enters the droplet will be internally reflected from the inside edge of the drop and will exit the drop, undergoing refraction again as it passes back from water to air.

Chasing rainbows with Donald Mclennan (By Donald Maclennan. Source MetOffice online)


Seeing the rainbowAn observer standing in the right place will see

the dispersed sunlight reflected back towards them. A rainbow is not located at a specific distance from the observer, but comes from an optical illusion caused by any water droplets viewed from a certain angle relative to a light source Light scattered by many drops reaching the observer’s eye will appear as a colourful rainbow. Different colours exit the droplets at angles varying by around two degrees from red to violet. The red light seen by an observer comes from drops slightly higher in the atmosphere than the drops that scatter violet light towards the observer.

The colours seen are not a pure spectrum, there is some mixing and blurring of the colours. The human eye can pick out many hues but it is still common to think of a rainbow as having seven colours: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet (ROYGBIV).

What are the colours of the rainbow?The colours you see when a rainbow appears

are the result of light being split into its various individual wavelengths.

This gives us a spectrum of colours that range from the shorter blue and violet wavelengths through to the longer red wavelengths. This sequence of colours gives us the characteristic pattern we’re all familiar with, and that we learn from childhood through the use of mnemonic phrases.

other rainbow phenomena There are many different variations on conventional rainbows that form in certain conditions. You can find more information on them by clicking the links below:-· What is a double rainbow? https://bit.ly/2EWzxy0· What is a fogbow? https://bit.ly/2F9C1dK· Full circle rainbow https://bit.ly/2VV1uNo· Moonbow https://bit.ly/2HttcwF n

For more on rainbows see: https://bit.ly/2F8LkKI

Photos:Title Cat Bells image with CC License by Rodney Topor.Double rainbow with Wikimedia Commons License.

The science bit....


This year fellrunner celebrates serving the community for 40 years.

The first service, using the bus shown above, was launched in 1979 as a response from the local community in Langwathby to the withdrawal of commercial bus services from the East Fellside. A philosophy of ‘do it ourselves’ helped by the lease of a bus from Cumbria County Council plus support from local Parishes and Voluntary Action Cumbria saw the ‘Langwathby Minibus Scheme’ come into existence.

Since then, as more rural communities were isolated from public transport, Fellrunner evolved to meet the growing need. The organisation registered as a Charity, became a registered Company and expanded its fleet from the original leased white bus to the current three, blue livery vehicles, all now owned by Fellrunner and offering wheelchair accessibility. Routes, once restricted to the East Fellside, now include the Lyvenett Valley, the Lowther Valley and many villages to the North West of Penrith.

Fellrunner is sustained by the ongoing needs of our communities. In addition to our income from fares, we rely on the ongoing generous support from donations and grants from the County Council, Penrith Town Council, our Parish Councils, local charitable groups and the appreciative daily donations from our passengers. We still address issues of rural exclusion and help many to remain living independently in their village. Our services allow access to hospitals, main line transport together

with financial/civic/leisure/retail facilities in Penrith and Carlisle. In addition every journey is

a social occasion to enjoy the ‘crack’. Even those with cars see the advantage of travelling by Fellrunner to avoid the hassle of finding and paying for parking.

We are fortunate that the supply of willing volunteers from our community to drive our buses and help their neighbours seems undiminished over the years. Great Salkeld residents include an ex Trustee, two current Trustees and two drivers – so well done! More volunteers are always welcome of course and any one interested in helping may contact our Chairman Kevin McGilloway on 07734 529 432

Various initiatives are planned throughout the year to publicise our achievement of ‘Serving the Community for Forty Years’ and we are already looking forward to our Golden Anniversary! n

40 years of Fellrunner

Fellrunner buses then.... ...and now


Cricket Club update

2019 looks set to be another busy year for Nunwick CC both on and off the field! After the success of our first ever gin festival during 2018,

we are already looking towards this year’s fundraising ideas throughout the season which will be advertised here throughout the summer. We are looking to purchase a new bowling machine for practice sessions, as well as improving all of our facilities around the club and pavilion.

Ahead of the new season, we start our pre-season training with indoor nets in mid-March - we’re always on the lookout for new players, so if you’re keen to spend your Saturday afternoons outside in the Eden Valley sunshine with a fine bunch of athletes, please get in touch!

This year’s league fixtures will be finalised during March, and publicised locally - our match sponsorship package will be available for all home games throughout the season - for only £40 you can enjoy the cricket from the luxury of our match sponsors table, with a great view of the action, tea and drinks included - a great way to spend a summer afternoon.

Thank you for your continued support and we look forward to seeing you down at Nunwick or at our events.

If you have any queries about our social events or match sponsorship this year, or are interested in joining the club, please contact James Tweedie on 07887 597952 or Michael Carrick 07525 334950.

Mike Carrick, Nunwick CC Secretary. n

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Documents

The Magazine for Great Salkeld & area Issue 33 Spring 2019great-salkeld.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Craic-33-full-for-web.pdf · works around the Penrith area and I relive my childhood