The LTE, LTE-Advanced & 5G Ecosystem: 2014 2020 · PDF fileThe LTE, LTE-Advanced & 5G Ecosystem: 2014 – 2020 Infrastructure, ... 8.1.11 ZTE ... 9.1.1 TDD vs. FDD RAN Segmentation

The LTE, LTE-Advanced & 5G Ecosystem: 2014 – 2020

Infrastructure, Devices, Subscriptions & Operator Revenue

The LTE, LTE-Advanced & 5G Ecosystem: 2014 – 2020 Infrastructure, Devices, Subscriptions & Operator Revenue

© 2014 SNS Research

.. Revision Date: 27 January 2014

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Table of Contents

1 Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................... 23

1.1 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 23

1.2 Topics Covered .............................................................................................................................................. 25

1.3 Historical Revenue & Forecast Segmentation ............................................................................................... 26

1.4 Key Questions Answered ............................................................................................................................... 28

1.5 Key Findings ................................................................................................................................................... 29

1.6 Methodology ................................................................................................................................................. 30

1.7 Target Audience ............................................................................................................................................ 31

1.8 Companies & Organizations Mentioned ....................................................................................................... 32

2 Chapter 2: LTE and LTE-Advanced Ecosystem ................................................... 37

2.1 Mobile Broadband Growth ........................................................................................................................... 37

2.1.1 LTE: Adding Mobility to Broadband Applications .............................................................................. 37

2.1.2 Flexibility of LTE Spectrum & Infrastructure Deployments ............................................................... 38

2.2 An Overview of LTE & LTE-Advanced ............................................................................................................ 39

2.2.1 LTE: An Established Market ............................................................................................................... 39

2.3 What are 4G Technology Features & Services? ............................................................................................ 39

2.3.1 LTE Performance Metrics .................................................................................................................. 40

2.3.2 LTE Features ...................................................................................................................................... 41

2.3.3 LTE Services ....................................................................................................................................... 41

2.3.4 Motivation for LTE-A ......................................................................................................................... 42

2.4 What is LTE-A? ............................................................................................................................................... 43

2.4.1 Carrier Aggregation ........................................................................................................................... 43

2.4.2 Optimizing Small Cell Performance ................................................................................................... 43

2.4.3 eICIC ................................................................................................................................................... 43

2.4.4 Higher Order MIMO .......................................................................................................................... 44

2.4.5 CoMP ................................................................................................................................................. 44

2.4.6 Unlicensed Spectrum......................................................................................................................... 44

2.5 LTE Architecture ............................................................................................................................................ 45

2.5.1 UE: User Equipment .......................................................................................................................... 46




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2.5.2 E-UTRAN: The Access Network .......................................................................................................... 47

2.5.3 The Concept of Home eNB (HeNB) .................................................................................................... 48

2.5.4 EPC: The Mobile Core ........................................................................................................................ 49

2.5.5 Functional Split between E-UTRAN and the EPC ............................................................................... 51

2.6 Challenges & Inhibiters to 4G ........................................................................................................................ 52

2.6.1 Time to Market .................................................................................................................................. 52

2.6.2 Operator CapEx ................................................................................................................................. 52

2.6.3 Spectrum Requirement ..................................................................................................................... 52

2.6.4 Reduce Initial Investment .................................................................................................................. 53

2.6.5 Interoperability with Legacy Networks ............................................................................................. 53

2.6.6 Voice and SMS Support ..................................................................................................................... 54

2.6.7 Need for Customizable Building Blocks ............................................................................................. 54

2.6.8 Common Solution for Different Subscriber Usage Needs ................................................................. 54

2.6.9 Investment Returns ........................................................................................................................... 55

2.6.10 Backhaul Capacity .............................................................................................................................. 55

2.7 4G Market Drivers ......................................................................................................................................... 56

2.7.1 Competitive Operator Landscape ...................................................................................................... 56

2.7.2 Growing Traffic Capacity Demands ................................................................................................... 56

2.7.3 LTE Value Proposition: Network Performance and Cost Savings ...................................................... 57

2.7.4 Application Ecosystem ...................................................................................................................... 58

2.7.5 Seamless Interoperability with Legacy Networks .............................................................................. 59

2.7.6 Access Network Transparency with HetNets .................................................................................... 61

2.7.7 End-to-End QoS ................................................................................................................................. 61

2.7.8 Spectrum Efficiency ........................................................................................................................... 61

2.7.9 Global Standard for Global Roaming ................................................................................................. 62

2.7.10 3GPP: Driving Economies of Scale ..................................................................................................... 62

2.7.11 Enabling Cheaper Mobile Broadband Connectivity ........................................................................... 63

3 Chapter 3: The 5G Ecosystem ........................................................................... 64

3.1 What is 5G? ................................................................................................................................................... 64

3.1.1 Key Concepts of 5G Technology ........................................................................................................ 64

3.1.2 Key Features of 5G Technology ......................................................................................................... 65




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3.2 5G Architecture ............................................................................................................................................. 67

3.2.1 Ubiquitous Computing ...................................................................................................................... 67

3.2.2 Core Aggregation & Flatter IP Concept ............................................................................................. 67

3.3 Challenges & Inhibitors to 5G ........................................................................................................................ 70

3.3.1 Skepticism.......................................................................................................................................... 70

3.3.2 Spectrum Complexities ...................................................................................................................... 70

3.3.3 Integration of Various Standards....................................................................................................... 71

3.3.4 Common Platform ............................................................................................................................. 71

3.3.5 High Redundancy Requirement ......................................................................................................... 71

3.3.6 Transparency among Network Operators ......................................................................................... 71

3.3.7 Reliability of Higher Frequency Bands ............................................................................................... 72

3.3.8 Backhaul ............................................................................................................................................ 72

3.4 5G Performance ............................................................................................................................................ 73

3.4.1 What are the relevant KPIs and Functional Requirements for 5G? .................................................. 73

3.4.2 Round Trip Time (RTT) ....................................................................................................................... 73

3.4.3 Spectrum Availability ......................................................................................................................... 74

3.4.4 Spectrum Efficiency ........................................................................................................................... 74

3.4.5 Inbuilt Support of Self-Backhauling and Direct Device-to-Device ..................................................... 75

3.4.6 Low Power Consumption .................................................................................................................. 75

3.4.7 Ultra Low Cost per Access Node ........................................................................................................ 75

3.5 5G Market Drivers ......................................................................................................................................... 77

3.5.1 Is LTE not the Answer to User Demands? ......................................................................................... 77

3.5.2 Why the Need for a 5G Standard? .................................................................................................... 77

3.5.3 Key Drivers for Growing Data Traffic ................................................................................................. 78

3.6 4G & 5G Applications and Content Services.................................................................................................. 79

3.6.1 Enabling Workforce Mobility, Cloud Computing and ICT Consumerization ...................................... 79

3.6.2 Benefits of Mobility Applications ...................................................................................................... 80

3.6.3 4G & 5: Enabling True Mobility of Applications ................................................................................ 81

3.6.4 The Five Key Characteristics of Mobile Broadband ........................................................................... 81

3.6.5 Benefits of 4G & 5G Over 3G and Wi-Fi ............................................................................................. 83

3.6.6 Vertical Applications of 4G & 5G ....................................................................................................... 84

3.7 Technical Integration Aspects of 5G .............................................................................................................. 85




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3.7.1 5G System Model .............................................................................................................................. 85

3.7.2 RAN Integration ................................................................................................................................. 86

3.7.3 Application Connections .................................................................................................................... 87

3.7.4 Routing .............................................................................................................................................. 87

3.7.5 Transparency & Control .................................................................................................................... 88

3.7.6 Network Abstraction Layer ................................................................................................................ 89

3.8 5G Standardization and Research Initiatives ................................................................................................. 90

3.8.1 METIS ................................................................................................................................................. 90

3.8.2 5GPP .................................................................................................................................................. 91

3.8.3 Korea’s 5G Forum .............................................................................................................................. 91

3.8.4 Japan’s ARIB 2020 and Beyond AdHoc .............................................................................................. 92

3.8.5 China’s IMT 2020 ............................................................................................................................... 92

3.9 How much is being Invested in 5G R&D? ...................................................................................................... 93

3.10 5G Requirements ....................................................................................................................................... 94

3.11 Vertical Industries to Play a Key Role ......................................................................................................... 94

3.12 SDN Capabilities Considered Inherit for 5G ............................................................................................... 95

3.13 Spectrum Aggregation is a Necessity ......................................................................................................... 95

3.14 Authorized Shared Access (ASA) ................................................................................................................ 95

3.15 Will 5G be a New Air Interface? ................................................................................................................. 96

3.16 5G Demonstrations .................................................................................................................................... 96

3.16.1 Samsung ............................................................................................................................................ 96

3.16.2 NSN .................................................................................................................................................... 96

3.16.3 Huawei ............................................................................................................................................... 97

4 Chapter 4: 4G & 5G Operator Deployment Models .......................................... 98

4.1 LTE/EPC Deployment for an Existing 3GPP Operator .................................................................................... 98

4.1.1 Devices .............................................................................................................................................. 99

4.1.2 How to Introduce EPC into the Equation? ......................................................................................... 99

4.1.3 Replacing the Existing Core ............................................................................................................. 100

4.1.4 Upgrading Subscriptions .................................................................................................................. 102

4.1.5 Maintenance of Legacy and LTE Infrastructure ............................................................................... 102

4.2 LTE/EPC for a Greenfield Operator.............................................................................................................. 103




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4.2.1 Roaming Capacity Planning ............................................................................................................. 103

4.2.2 Initially Spotty Coverage .................................................................................................................. 103

4.2.3 Starting Point Requirements ........................................................................................................... 103

4.2.4 GRX Requirements and Resource Allocation ................................................................................... 104

5 Chapter 5: LTE/LTE-A Vertical Markets ........................................................... 106

5.1 Capitalizing on LTE and LTE-A ...................................................................................................................... 106

5.2 Vertical Market Case Studies....................................................................................................................... 107

5.2.1 Construction Industry ...................................................................................................................... 107

5.2.2 Healthcare ....................................................................................................................................... 107

5.2.3 Retail ................................................................................................................................................ 108

5.2.4 Automotive and Transport .............................................................................................................. 108

5.2.5 Professional Services ....................................................................................................................... 108

5.2.6 Public Safety & Emergency Services ................................................................................................ 109

5.2.7 Defense ............................................................................................................................................ 110

5.2.8 Energy & Utilities ............................................................................................................................. 110

6 Chapter 6: LTE/LTE-A Requirements in Core & Backhaul ................................ 112

6.1 Core Requirements for LTE & LTE-A ............................................................................................................ 112

6.1.1 End of Circuit-Switched Voice ......................................................................................................... 113

6.1.2 Evolved Wireless Broadband ........................................................................................................... 113

6.1.3 Mobility as part of the Core ............................................................................................................ 114

6.1.4 End-to-End QoS Becomes Essential ................................................................................................. 114

6.1.5 Policy Management and Enforcement ............................................................................................ 114

6.1.6 Change in Product Architecture ...................................................................................................... 115

6.2 Backhaul Requirements for LTE & LTE-A ..................................................................................................... 116

6.2.1 User Device Speeds ......................................................................................................................... 117

6.2.2 LTE Cell Site Backhaul Requirements .............................................................................................. 118

6.2.3 Improving LTE Throughput & Service Quality ................................................................................. 120

6.2.4 Topologies for LTE Backhaul ............................................................................................................ 121

6.2.5 Daisy Chains ..................................................................................................................................... 121

6.2.6 Hub and Spoke ................................................................................................................................ 121

6.2.7 TREE/TIERED Networks ................................................................................................................... 122




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6.2.8 MESH and RING Networks ............................................................................................................... 122

6.2.9 Backhaul Network Dimensioning .................................................................................................... 123

6.2.10 Example Dimensioning: Ring Topology ........................................................................................... 124

6.2.11 Network Dimensioning Guidelines .................................................................................................. 124

6.2.12 Traffic Asymmetry ........................................................................................................................... 125

7 Chapter 7: Industry Roadmap & Value Chain ................................................. 126

7.1 Industry Roadmap ....................................................................................................................................... 126

7.1.1 Initial LTE FDD Rollouts: 2010 - 2011 ............................................................................................... 126

7.1.2 Rise of the HetNet Ecosystem: 2012 - 2013 .................................................................................... 127

7.1.3 A Wave of TD-LTE Deployments: 2014 - 2016 ................................................................................. 127

7.1.4 Moving Towards “Software Centric” Networking: 2017 - 2019 ...................................................... 128

7.1.5 Start of the 5G Era: 2020 & Beyond ................................................................................................ 128

7.2 Value Chain .................................................................................................................................................. 129

7.3 Embedded Technology Ecosystem ........................................................................................................... 129

7.3.1 Chipset Developers .......................................................................................................................... 129

7.3.2 Embedded Component/Software Providers ................................................................................... 129

7.4 RAN Ecosystem ........................................................................................................................................ 132

7.4.1 Macrocell RAN OEMs....................................................................................................................... 132

7.4.2 ‘Pure-Play’ and Specialist Small Cell OEMs ...................................................................................... 133

7.4.3 WiFi Access Point OEMs .................................................................................................................. 134

7.4.4 DAS & Repeater Solution Providers ................................................................................................. 135

7.4.5 Cloud RAN Solution Providers ......................................................................................................... 136

7.4.6 Other Technology & Network Component Providers/Enablers ...................................................... 137

7.5 Mobile Backhaul Ecosystem ..................................................................................................................... 138

7.5.1 Backhaul Solution Providers ............................................................................................................ 138

7.6 Mobile Core Ecosystem ............................................................................................................................ 139

7.6.1 Core Network Infrastructure & Software Providers ........................................................................ 139

7.7 Connectivity Ecosystem ........................................................................................................................... 140

7.7.1 2G, 3G & 4G Wireless Carriers ......................................................................................................... 140

7.7.2 WiFi Connectivity Providers ............................................................................................................ 142

7.7.3 Small Cells as a Service (SCaaS) Providers ....................................................................................... 142




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7.8 SON Ecosystem ........................................................................................................................................ 143

7.8.1 SON Solution Providers ................................................................................................................... 143

7.9 SDN & NFV Ecosystem.............................................................................................................................. 144

7.9.1 SDN & NFV Providers ....................................................................................................................... 144

8 Chapter 8: Vendor & Operator Landscape ...................................................... 145

8.1 LTE Infrastructure ........................................................................................................................................ 145

8.1.1 Alcatel-Lucent .................................................................................................................................. 145

8.1.2 Cisco ................................................................................................................................................ 146

8.1.3 Datang Mobile ................................................................................................................................. 147

8.1.4 Ericsson ............................................................................................................................................ 147

8.1.5 Fujitsu .............................................................................................................................................. 149

8.1.6 Huawei ............................................................................................................................................. 149

8.1.7 New Postcom Equipment ................................................................................................................ 150

8.1.8 NEC .................................................................................................................................................. 151

8.1.9 Nokia Solutions & Networks (NSN) ................................................................................................. 151

8.1.10 Samsung .......................................................................................................................................... 152

8.1.11 ZTE ................................................................................................................................................... 153

8.2 LTE Devices .................................................................................................................................................. 154

8.2.1 Apple ............................................................................................................................................... 154

8.2.2 BlackBerry ........................................................................................................................................ 155

8.2.3 Fujitsu (Formerly Fujitsu-Toshiba) ................................................................................................... 155

8.2.4 HTC .................................................................................................................................................. 155

8.2.5 Huawei ............................................................................................................................................. 156

8.2.6 Kyocera ............................................................................................................................................ 156

8.2.7 LG ..................................................................................................................................................... 156

8.2.8 Motorola Mobility ........................................................................................................................... 157

8.2.9 NEC Casio Mobile Communications ................................................................................................ 157

8.2.10 Nokia ............................................................................................................................................... 158

8.2.11 Panasonic......................................................................................................................................... 158

8.2.12 Pantech ............................................................................................................................................ 159

8.2.13 Samsung .......................................................................................................................................... 159




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8.2.14 Sharp ............................................................................................................................................... 159

8.2.15 Sony Mobile ..................................................................................................................................... 160

8.2.16 ZTE ................................................................................................................................................... 160

8.3 LTE Operators .............................................................................................................................................. 161

8.3.1 AT&T Mobility .................................................................................................................................. 161

8.3.2 China Mobile ................................................................................................................................... 161

8.3.3 EE ..................................................................................................................................................... 162

8.3.4 KDDI ................................................................................................................................................. 163

8.3.5 KT ..................................................................................................................................................... 163

8.3.6 LG Uplus........................................................................................................................................... 164

8.3.7 NTT DoCoMo ................................................................................................................................... 165

8.3.8 SK Telecom ...................................................................................................................................... 166

8.3.9 SoftBank .......................................................................................................................................... 167

8.3.10 Verizon Wireless .............................................................................................................................. 168

9 Chapter 9: Market Analysis & Forecasts ......................................................... 170

9.1 LTE Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue ................................................................................................... 170

9.1.1 TDD vs. FDD RAN Segmentation ...................................................................................................... 171

9.1.2 Macrocell vs. Small Cell RAN Submarket Segmentation ................................................................. 172

9.1.3 Regional Segmentation ................................................................................................................... 173

9.2 LTE RAN Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue ........................................................................................... 174

9.2.1 LTE Macrocell RAN Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue ............................................................... 174

9.2.2 LTE Small Cell RAN Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue ............................................................... 175

9.3 EPC Infrastructure Revenue ........................................................................................................................ 176

9.4 TD-LTE RAN Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue ...................................................................................... 177


9.4.2 TD-LTE Macrocell RAN Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue ......................................................... 178

9.4.3 TD-LTE Small Cell RAN Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue .......................................................... 179

9.5 LTE FDD RAN Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue .................................................................................... 180


9.5.2 LTE FDD Macrocell RAN Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue ....................................................... 181

9.5.3 LTE FDD Small Cell RAN Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue ........................................................ 182




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9.6 LTE Device Shipments & Revenue ............................................................................................................... 183

9.6.1 TDD vs. FDD Segmentation .............................................................................................................. 183


9.6.3 Segmentation by Form Factor ......................................................................................................... 185

9.6.4 Embedded Cards ............................................................................................................................. 186

9.6.5 Consumer Gadgets .......................................................................................................................... 187

9.6.6 Netbooks ......................................................................................................................................... 188

9.6.7 PCs ................................................................................................................................................... 189

9.6.8 Routers ............................................................................................................................................ 190

9.6.9 Smartphones ................................................................................................................................... 191

9.6.10 Tablets ............................................................................................................................................. 192

9.6.11 USB Dongles .................................................................................................................................... 193

9.7 TD-LTE Device Shipments & Revenue ......................................................................................................... 194



9.8 LTE FDD Device Shipments & Revenue ....................................................................................................... 196



9.9 LTE Subscriptions & Service Revenue .......................................................................................................... 198

9.9.1 TDD vs. FDD Segmentation .............................................................................................................. 198


9.9.3 Top 20 Countries ............................................................................................................................. 202

9.9.3.1 China ........................................................................................................................................................... 205

9.9.3.2 USA.............................................................................................................................................................. 207

9.9.3.3 Japan ........................................................................................................................................................... 209

9.9.3.4 India ............................................................................................................................................................ 211

9.9.3.5 Korea ........................................................................................................................................................... 213

9.9.3.6 Germany ..................................................................................................................................................... 215

9.9.3.7 UK ................................................................................................................................................................ 217

9.9.3.8 Indonesia ..................................................................................................................................................... 219

9.9.3.9 Brazil ........................................................................................................................................................... 221

9.9.3.10 Italy ........................................................................................................................................................ 223

9.9.3.11 Russia ..................................................................................................................................................... 225




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9.9.3.12 Spain ....................................................................................................................................................... 227

9.9.3.13 Saudi Arabia ........................................................................................................................................... 229

9.9.3.14 Mexico .................................................................................................................................................... 231

9.9.3.15 France ..................................................................................................................................................... 233

9.9.3.16 Poland .................................................................................................................................................... 235

9.9.3.17 Malaysia ................................................................................................................................................. 237

9.9.3.18 Australia ................................................................................................................................................. 239

9.9.3.19 Philippines .............................................................................................................................................. 241

9.9.3.20 Canada ................................................................................................................................................... 243

9.10 TD-LTE Subscriptions & Service Revenue ................................................................................................. 245

9.10.1 TD-LTE Subscriptions ....................................................................................................................... 245

9.10.2 TD-LTE Service Revenue .................................................................................................................. 245

9.10.3 TD-LTE ARPU .................................................................................................................................... 246

9.11 LTE FDD Subscriptions & Service Revenue ............................................................................................... 247

9.11.1 LTE FDD Subscriptions ..................................................................................................................... 247

9.11.2 LTE FDD Service Revenue ................................................................................................................ 247

9.11.3 LTE FDD ARPU .................................................................................................................................. 248

9.12 Asia Pacific ................................................................................................................................................ 249

9.12.1 LTE Infrastructure Revenue ............................................................................................................. 249

9.12.2 EPC Infrastructure Revenue ............................................................................................................ 249







9.12.9 LTE Device Shipments & Revenue ................................................................................................... 256

9.12.10 TD-LTE Device Shipments & Revenue ............................................................................................. 257

9.12.11 LTE FDD Device Shipments & Revenue ........................................................................................... 258

9.12.12 LTE Subscriptions ............................................................................................................................. 259

9.12.13 LTE Service Revenue ........................................................................................................................ 259

9.12.14 LTE ARPU ......................................................................................................................................... 260

9.13 Eastern Europe ......................................................................................................................................... 261




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9.13.14 LTE ARPU ......................................................................................................................................... 272

9.14 Latin & Central America ........................................................................................................................... 273














9.14.14 LTE ARPU ......................................................................................................................................... 284

9.15 Middle East & Africa ................................................................................................................................. 285






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9.15.14 LTE ARPU ......................................................................................................................................... 296

9.16 North America .......................................................................................................................................... 297














9.16.14 LTE ARPU ......................................................................................................................................... 308

9.17 Western Europe ....................................................................................................................................... 309








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9.17.14 LTE ARPU ......................................................................................................................................... 320

10 Chapter 10: LTE Infrastructure, Device & Subscriptions Summary .................. 321

10.1 Infrastructure ........................................................................................................................................... 321

10.1.1 Commercial Device Availability ....................................................................................................... 321

10.1.2 RAN Vendor Share: Who Leads the Market? .................................................................................. 321

10.1.3 The Outlook for Tier 2 Vendors ....................................................................................................... 322

10.1.4 EPC Vendor Share ............................................................................................................................ 323

10.2 Devices ..................................................................................................................................................... 323

10.2.1 Commercial Device Availability ....................................................................................................... 323

10.2.2 Are Smartphones the Most Dominant Form Factor? ...................................................................... 323

10.2.3 Vendor Share: Who Leads the Market? .......................................................................................... 324

10.2.4 What About Chipsets? ..................................................................................................................... 324

10.3 Subscriptions & Operator Services ........................................................................................................... 324

10.3.1 Economic Downturn: Deployment Delays ....................................................................................... 324

10.3.2 Commercial Availability ................................................................................................................... 325

10.3.3 How Big is the LTE Service Revenue Opportunity?.......................................................................... 325

10.3.4 Outlook for LTE-A ............................................................................................................................ 326

10.3.5 Outlook for LTE Broadcast (eMBMS) ............................................................................................... 326

10.3.6 Outlook for VoLTE ........................................................................................................................... 327




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List of Figures

Figure 1: LTE Architecture ............................................................................................................................................................... 45

Figure 2: E-UTRAN Architecture ...................................................................................................................................................... 47

Figure 3: EPC Architecture .............................................................................................................................................................. 49

Figure 4: Functional Split between E-UTRAN and the EPC .............................................................................................................. 51

Figure 5: LTE Value Proposition ...................................................................................................................................................... 58

Figure 6: Seamless Roaming in EPC & IMS ...................................................................................................................................... 60

Figure 7: Aggregated Core in the 5G Era ......................................................................................................................................... 69

Figure 8: Benefits of 4G & 5G over 3G and Wi-Fi ............................................................................................................................ 83

Figure 9: 5G: Multi-RAN Integration ............................................................................................................................................... 86

Figure 10: METIS Members ............................................................................................................................................................. 90

Figure 11: Global Investments in 5G R&D: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................................................................................................ 93

Figure 12: METIS 5G Requirements ................................................................................................................................................ 94

Figure 13: Vertical Markets for LTE and LTE-A .............................................................................................................................. 106

Figure 24: Global Private Public Safety LTE Infrastructure Spending: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .................................................. 109

Figure 15: User Device Peak Speeds in an LTE Network ............................................................................................................... 118

Figure 16: eNB Interfaces .............................................................................................................................................................. 119

Figure 17: Cell Backhaul Capacity vs. Deployment Area ............................................................................................................... 120

Figure 18: Ring Backhaul Network Topology ................................................................................................................................ 122

Figure 19: Backhaul Link Overbooking .......................................................................................................................................... 125

Figure 20: The Wireless Network Infrastructure Industry Roadmap: 2014 - 2020 ....................................................................... 126

Figure 21: The Wireless Network Infrastructure Value Chain ....................................................................................................... 130

Figure 22: Embedded Technology Ecosystem Players .................................................................................................................. 131

Figure 23: Macrocell RAN Ecosystem Players ............................................................................................................................... 132

Figure 24: Specialist Small Cell RAN Ecosystem Players ................................................................................................................ 133

Figure 25: Carrier WiFi Ecosystem Players .................................................................................................................................... 134

Figure 26: DAS & Repeater Ecosystem Players ............................................................................................................................. 135

Figure 27: Cloud RAN Ecosystem Players ...................................................................................................................................... 136

Figure 28: Mobile Backhaul Ecosystem Players ............................................................................................................................ 138

Figure 29: Mobile Core Ecosystem Players ................................................................................................................................... 139

Figure 30: List of LTE Trials & Deployments .................................................................................................................................. 141

Figure 31: SON Ecosystem Players ................................................................................................................................................ 143

Figure 32: SDN & NFV Ecosystem Players ..................................................................................................................................... 144

Figure 33: Global LTE Infrastructure Revenue by Submarket: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................................................................ 170

Figure 34: Global LTE RAN Infrastructure Shipments by TDD/ FDD Technology: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units) .................... 171

Figure 35: Global LTE RAN Infrastructure Revenue by TDD/ FDD Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million) ....................................... 171

Figure 36: Global LTE RAN Infrastructure Shipments by Submarket: 2010 - 2020 (Thousands of Units) ..................................... 172




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Figure 37: Global LTE RAN Infrastructure Revenue by Submarket: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million) ......................................................... 172

Figure 38: LTE Infrastructure Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million) ................................................................................... 173

Figure 39: LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 – 2020 ................................................................ 174

Figure 40: LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .................................. 174

Figure 41: LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ............................................................. 175

Figure 42: LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................................................................. 175

Figure 43: LTE EPC Revenue by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .................................................................................................. 176

Figure 44: Global TD-LTE Unit Shipments by Submarket: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ...................................................... 177

Figure 45: Global TD-LTE Unit Shipment Revenue by Submarket: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .......................................................... 177

Figure 46: TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 – 2020 ........................................................... 178

Figure 47: TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ............................ 178

Figure 48: TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ........................................................ 179

Figure 49: TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ........................................................... 179

Figure 50: Global LTE FDD Unit Shipments by Submarket: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) .................................................... 180

Figure 51: Global LTE FDD Unit Shipment Revenue by Submarket: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ........................................................ 180

Figure 52: LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 – 2020 ......................................................... 181

Figure 53: LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .......................... 181

Figure 54: LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ...................................................... 182

Figure 55: LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ......................................................... 182

Figure 56: Global LTE Device Unit Shipments by TDD/FDD Technology: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ..................................... 183

Figure 57: Global LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue by TDD/FDD Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ..................................... 183

Figure 58: LTE Device Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ....................................................................... 184

Figure 59: LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ....................................................................... 184

Figure 60: Global LTE Device Unit Shipments by Form Factor: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) .................................................... 185

Figure 61: Global LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue by Form Factor: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .................................................... 185

Figure 62: LTE Embedded Card Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ......................................................................... 186

Figure 63: LTE Embedded Card Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ......................................................................... 186

Figure 64: LTE Consumer Gadget Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ...................................................................... 187

Figure 65: LTE Consumer Gadget Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ...................................................................... 187

Figure 66: LTE Netbook Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ..................................................................................... 188

Figure 67: LTE Netbook Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ..................................................................................... 188

Figure 68: LTE PC Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ............................................................................................... 189

Figure 69: LTE PC Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................................... 189

Figure 70: LTE Router Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ........................................................................................ 190

Figure 71: LTE Router Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ........................................................................................ 190

Figure 72: LTE Smartphone Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ............................................................................... 191

Figure 73: LTE Smartphone Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................... 191

Figure 74: LTE Tablet Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ......................................................................................... 192

Figure 75: LTE Tablet Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ......................................................................................... 192




Page 17

Figure 76: LTE USB Dongle Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ................................................................................ 193

Figure 77: LTE USB Dongle Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ................................................................................ 193

Figure 78: TD-LTE Device Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) .................................................................. 194

Figure 79: TD-LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .................................................................. 194

Figure 80: Global TD-LTE Device Unit Shipments by Form Factor: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) .............................................. 195

Figure 81: Global TD-LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue by Form Factor: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .............................................. 195

Figure 82: LTE FDD Device Unit Shipments by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ................................................................ 196

Figure 83: LTE FDD Device Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ................................................................ 196

Figure 84: Global LTE FDD Device Unit Shipments by Form Factor: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ............................................ 197

Figure 85: Global LTE FDD Device Unit Shipment Revenue by Form Factor: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................ 197

Figure 86: Global LTE Subscriptions by TDD/FDD Technology: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ................................................................. 198

Figure 87: Global LTE Service Revenue by TDD/FDD Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................ 198

Figure 88: Global LTE ARPU by TDD/FDD Technology: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ...................................................................... 199

Figure 89: LTE Subscriptions by Region: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) .................................................................................................... 200

Figure 90: LTE Service Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................................... 200

Figure 91: LTE ARPU by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ......................................................................................................... 201

Figure 92: LTE Subscriptions in Top 20 Countries: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) .................................................................................... 202

Figure 93: LTE Service Revenue in Top 20 Countries: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................... 203

Figure 94: LTE ARPU in Top 20 Countries: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ......................................................................................... 204

Figure 95: LTE Subscriptions in China: 2010 - 2020 (Millions)....................................................................................................... 205

Figure 96: LTE Service Revenue in China: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ................................................................................................. 205

Figure 97: LTE ARPU in China: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month)............................................................................................................ 206

Figure 98: LTE Subscriptions in USA: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ......................................................................................................... 207

Figure 99: LTE Service Revenue in USA: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .................................................................................................... 207

Figure 100: LTE ARPU in USA: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ............................................................................................................ 208

Figure 101: LTE Subscriptions in Japan: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) .................................................................................................... 209

Figure 102: LTE Service Revenue in Japan: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................................... 209

Figure 103: LTE ARPU in Japan: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ......................................................................................................... 210

Figure 104: LTE Subscriptions in India: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ...................................................................................................... 211

Figure 105: LTE Service Revenue in India: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ................................................................................................. 211

Figure 106: LTE ARPU in India: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ........................................................................................................... 212

Figure 107: LTE Subscriptions in Korea: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) .................................................................................................... 213

Figure 108: LTE Service Revenue in Korea: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................................... 213

Figure 109: LTE ARPU in Korea: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ......................................................................................................... 214

Figure 110: LTE Subscriptions in Germany: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ............................................................................................... 215

Figure 111: LTE Service Revenue in Germany: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .......................................................................................... 215

Figure 112: LTE ARPU in Germany: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) .................................................................................................... 216

Figure 113: LTE Subscriptions in UK: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ......................................................................................................... 217

Figure 114: LTE Service Revenue in UK: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .................................................................................................... 217




Page 18

Figure 115: LTE ARPU in UK: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) .............................................................................................................. 218

Figure 116: LTE Subscriptions in Indonesia: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) .............................................................................................. 219

Figure 117: LTE Service Revenue in Indonesia: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ......................................................................................... 219

Figure 118: LTE ARPU in Indonesia: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ................................................................................................... 220

Figure 119: LTE Subscriptions in Brazil: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ..................................................................................................... 221

Figure 120: LTE Service Revenue in Brazil: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ................................................................................................ 221

Figure 121: LTE ARPU in Brazil: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) .......................................................................................................... 222

Figure 122: LTE Subscriptions in Italy: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ....................................................................................................... 223

Figure 123: LTE Service Revenue in Italy: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .................................................................................................. 223

Figure 124: LTE ARPU in Italy: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ............................................................................................................ 224

Figure 125: LTE Subscriptions in Russia: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ................................................................................................... 225

Figure 126: LTE Service Revenue in Russia: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .............................................................................................. 225

Figure 127: LTE ARPU in Russia: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ........................................................................................................ 226

Figure 128: LTE Subscriptions in Spain: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ..................................................................................................... 227

Figure 129: LTE Service Revenue in Spain: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ................................................................................................ 227

Figure 130: LTE ARPU in Spain: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) .......................................................................................................... 228

Figure 131: LTE Subscriptions in Saudi Arabia: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ......................................................................................... 229

Figure 132: LTE Service Revenue in Saudi Arabia: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .................................................................................... 229

Figure 133: LTE ARPU in Saudi Arabia: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month)............................................................................................... 230

Figure 134: LTE Subscriptions in Mexico: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) .................................................................................................. 231

Figure 135: LTE Service Revenue in Mexico: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................................. 231

Figure 136: LTE ARPU in Mexico: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ....................................................................................................... 232

Figure 137: LTE Subscriptions in France: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ................................................................................................... 233

Figure 138: LTE Service Revenue in France: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .............................................................................................. 233

Figure 139: LTE ARPU in France: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ........................................................................................................ 234

Figure 140: LTE Subscriptions in Poland: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) .................................................................................................. 235

Figure 141: LTE Service Revenue in Poland: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................................. 235

Figure 142: LTE ARPU in Poland: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month)........................................................................................................ 236

Figure 143: LTE Subscriptions in Malaysia: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ............................................................................................... 237

Figure 144: LTE Service Revenue in Malaysia: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .......................................................................................... 237

Figure 145: LTE ARPU in Malaysia: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) .................................................................................................... 238

Figure 146: LTE Subscriptions in Australia: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ............................................................................................... 239

Figure 147: LTE Service Revenue in Australia: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .......................................................................................... 239

Figure 148: LTE ARPU in Australia: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) .................................................................................................... 240

Figure 149: LTE Subscriptions in Philippines: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ............................................................................................ 241

Figure 150: LTE Service Revenue in Philippines: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ....................................................................................... 241

Figure 151: LTE ARPU in Philippines: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ................................................................................................. 242

Figure 152: LTE Subscriptions in Canada: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) .................................................................................................. 243

Figure 153: LTE Service Revenue in Canada: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................................. 243




Page 19

Figure 154: LTE ARPU in Canada: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ....................................................................................................... 244

Figure 155: Global TD-LTE Subscriptions: 2010 - 2020 (Millions).................................................................................................. 245

Figure 156: Global TD-LTE Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)............................................................................................. 245

Figure 157: Global TD-LTE ARPU: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month)....................................................................................................... 246

Figure 158: Global LTE FDD Subscriptions: 2010 - 2020 (Millions)................................................................................................ 247

Figure 159: Global LTE FDD Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .......................................................................................... 247

Figure 160: Global LTE FDD ARPU: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month)..................................................................................................... 248

Figure 161: Asia Pacific LTE Infrastructure Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million) ............................................................................... 249

Figure 162: Asia Pacific LTE EPC Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .............................................................................................. 249

Figure 163: Asia Pacific LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ............................................................ 250

Figure 164: Asia Pacific LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .............................. 250

Figure 165: Asia Pacific LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ......................................................... 251

Figure 166: Asia Pacific LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ............................................................. 251

Figure 167: Asia Pacific TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ....................................................... 252

Figure 168: Asia Pacific TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ........................ 252

Figure 169: Asia Pacific TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) .................................................... 253

Figure 170: Asia Pacific TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ....................................................... 253

Figure 171: Asia Pacific LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ..................................................... 254

Figure 172: Asia Pacific LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ...................... 254

Figure 173: Asia Pacific LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) .................................................. 255

Figure 174: Asia Pacific LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ..................................................... 255

Figure 175: Asia Pacific LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ................................................................... 256

Figure 176: Asia Pacific LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ................................................................... 256

Figure 177: Asia Pacific TD-LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) .............................................................. 257

Figure 178: Asia Pacific TD-LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .............................................................. 257

Figure 179: Asia Pacific LTE FDD Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ............................................................ 258

Figure 180: Asia Pacific LTE FDD Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................ 258

Figure 181: Asia Pacific LTE Subscriptions: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ................................................................................................ 259

Figure 182: Asia Pacific LTE Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ........................................................................................... 259

Figure 183: Asia Pacific LTE ARPU: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ..................................................................................................... 260

Figure 184: Eastern Europe LTE Infrastructure Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million) ........................................................................ 261

Figure 185: Eastern Europe LTE EPC Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ....................................................................................... 261

Figure 186: Eastern Europe LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020...................................................... 262

Figure 187: Eastern Europe LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ....................... 262

Figure 188: Eastern Europe LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ................................................... 263

Figure 189: Eastern Europe LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ...................................................... 263

Figure 190: Eastern Europe TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ................................................ 264

Figure 191: Eastern Europe TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................. 264

Figure 192: Eastern Europe TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ............................................. 265




Page 20

Figure 193: Eastern Europe TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................................................ 265

Figure 194: Eastern Europe LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 .............................................. 266

Figure 195: Eastern Europe LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ............... 266

Figure 196: Eastern Europe LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ........................................... 267

Figure 197: Eastern Europe LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .............................................. 267

Figure 198: Eastern Europe LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ............................................................. 268

Figure 199: Eastern Europe LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................. 268

Figure 200: Eastern Europe TD-LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ....................................................... 269

Figure 201: Eastern Europe TD-LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ....................................................... 269

Figure 202: Eastern Europe LTE FDD Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ..................................................... 270

Figure 203: Eastern Europe LTE FDD Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ..................................................... 270

Figure 204: Eastern Europe LTE Subscriptions: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ......................................................................................... 271

Figure 205: Eastern Europe LTE Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .................................................................................... 271

Figure 206: Eastern Europe LTE ARPU: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) .............................................................................................. 272

Figure 207: Latin & Central America LTE Infrastructure Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million) .......................................................... 273

Figure 208: Latin & Central America LTE EPC Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .......................................................................... 273

Figure 209: Latin & Central America LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ........................................ 274

Figure 210: Latin & Central America LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ......... 274

Figure 211: Latin & Central America LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ..................................... 275

Figure 212: Latin & Central America LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ........................................ 275

Figure 213: Latin & Central America TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 .................................. 276

Figure 214: Latin & Central America TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .... 276

Figure 215: Latin & Central America TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ............................... 277

Figure 216: Latin & Central America TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................................... 277

Figure 217: Latin & Central America LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ................................ 278

Figure 218: Latin & Central America LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .. 278

Figure 219: Latin & Central America LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ............................. 279

Figure 220: Latin & Central America LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................................. 279

Figure 221: Latin & Central America LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ............................................... 280

Figure 222: Latin & Central America LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................... 280

Figure 223: Latin & Central America TD-LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units).......................................... 281

Figure 224: Latin & Central America TD-LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion).......................................... 281

Figure 225: Latin & Central America LTE FDD Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ....................................... 282

Figure 226: Latin & Central America LTE FDD Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)........................................ 282

Figure 227: Latin & Central America LTE Subscriptions: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ........................................................................... 283

Figure 228: Latin & Central America LTE Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ...................................................................... 283

Figure 229: Latin & Central America LTE ARPU: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ................................................................................ 284

Figure 230: Middle East & Africa LTE Infrastructure Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million) ................................................................ 285

Figure 231: Middle East & Africa LTE EPC Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ............................................................................... 285




Page 21

Figure 232: Middle East & Africa LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ............................................. 286

Figure 233: Middle East & Africa LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ............... 286

Figure 234: Middle East & Africa LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) .......................................... 287

Figure 235: Middle East & Africa LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .............................................. 287

Figure 236: Middle East & Africa TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ........................................ 288

Figure 237: Middle East & Africa TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ......... 288

Figure 238: Middle East & Africa TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ..................................... 289

Figure 239: Middle East & Africa TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ........................................ 289

Figure 240: Middle East & Africa LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ...................................... 290

Figure 241: Middle East & Africa LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ....... 290

Figure 242: Middle East & Africa LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ................................... 291

Figure 243: Middle East & Africa LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ...................................... 291

Figure 244: Middle East & Africa LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) .................................................... 292

Figure 245: Middle East & Africa LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .................................................... 292

Figure 246: Middle East & Africa TD-LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ............................................... 293

Figure 247: Middle East & Africa TD-LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................... 293

Figure 248: Middle East & Africa LTE FDD Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ............................................. 294

Figure 249: Middle East & Africa LTE FDD Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................. 294

Figure 250: Middle East & Africa LTE Subscriptions: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ................................................................................. 295

Figure 251: Middle East & Africa LTE Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................ 295

Figure 252: Middle East & Africa LTE ARPU: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ...................................................................................... 296

Figure 253: North America LTE Infrastructure Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million) ......................................................................... 297

Figure 254: North America LTE EPC Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ........................................................................................ 297

Figure 255: North America LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ...................................................... 298

Figure 256: North America LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ........................ 298

Figure 257: North America LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) .................................................... 299

Figure 258: North America LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ....................................................... 299

Figure 259: North America TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 ................................................. 300

Figure 260: North America TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .................. 300

Figure 261: North America TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) .............................................. 301

Figure 262: North America TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................................................. 301

Figure 263: North America LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ............. 302

Figure 264: North America LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................ 302

Figure 265: North America LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ............................................ 303

Figure 266: North America LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ............................................... 303

Figure 267: North America LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) .............................................................. 304

Figure 268: North America LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .............................................................. 304

Figure 269: North America TD-LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ........................................................ 305

Figure 270: North America TD-LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ........................................................ 305




Page 22

Figure 271: North America LTE FDD Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ...................................................... 306

Figure 272: North America LTE FDD Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ...................................................... 306

Figure 273: North America LTE Subscriptions: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) .......................................................................................... 307

Figure 274: North America LTE Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ..................................................................................... 307

Figure 275: North America LTE ARPU: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ............................................................................................... 308

Figure 276: Western Europe LTE Infrastructure Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Million) ...................................................................... 309

Figure 277: Western Europe LTE EPC Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ...................................................................................... 309

Figure 278: Western Europe LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) .................. 310

Figure 279: Western Europe LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ..................... 310

Figure 280: Western Europe LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ................................................. 311

Figure 281: Western Europe LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .................................................... 311

Figure 282: Western Europe TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ............ 312

Figure 283: Western Europe TD-LTE Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ................ 312

Figure 284: Western Europe TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ........................................... 313

Figure 285: Western Europe TD-LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ............................................... 313

Figure 286: Western Europe LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) .......... 314

Figure 287: Western Europe LTE FDD Macrocell Base Station (eNB) Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) .............. 314

Figure 288: Western Europe LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2010 – 2020 (Thousands of Units) ......................................... 315

Figure 289: Western Europe LTE FDD Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 – 2020 ($ Million) ............................................. 315

Figure 290: Western Europe LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ........................................................... 316

Figure 291: Western Europe LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ........................................................... 316

Figure 292: Western Europe TD-LTE Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ..................................................... 317

Figure 293: Western Europe TD-LTE Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ..................................................... 317

Figure 294: Western Europe LTE FDD Device Unit Shipments: 2010 - 2020 (Millions of Units) ................................................... 318

Figure 295: Western Europe LTE FDD Device Unit Shipment Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ................................................... 318

Figure 296: Western Europe LTE Subscriptions: 2010 - 2020 (Millions) ....................................................................................... 319

Figure 297: Western Europe LTE Service Revenue: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) .................................................................................. 319

Figure 298: Western Europe LTE ARPU: 2010 - 2020 ($ per Month) ............................................................................................ 320

Figure 299: LTE Service Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion) ............................................................................................. 325

Figure 300: Global Voice over LTE (VoLTE) User Forecast: 2013 – 2020 (Millions) ....................................................................... 327




Page 23

1 Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Executive Summary

As a natural upgrade path for carriers from the previously detached GSM, CDMA

and TD-SCDMA ecosystems, LTE has emerged as the first truly global mobile

communications standard. Commonly marketed as the “4G” standard, LTE

promises to provide higher data rates and lower latency at a much lower Total

Cost of Ownership (TCO) than 3G technologies.

The TCO and performance is further enhanced by deployment of small cells and

the LTE-Advanced standard. LTE-Advanced or simply LTE-A is a further

enhancement to LTE which improves performance and data rates using features

such as the aggregation of carriers, interference management and advanced

antenna techniques.

With over 265 fully commercial network launches, LTE adoption has considerably

gained momentum throughout the globe, and a number of carriers have already

deployed LTE-A features such as carrier aggregation. SNS Research estimates that

LTE service revenues will account for $103 Billion in 2014. Revenues are further

expected to grow at a CAGR of 40% over the next 6 years.

Driven by these revenue prospects, operators continue to aggressively invest in

LTE infrastructure, encompassing macrocell base stations (eNBs), small cells and

EPC/mobile core equipment. LTE infrastructure spending is expected to account

for nearly $15 Billion by the end of 2014




Page 24

While LTE and LTE-A deployments are still underway, wireless carriers and

vendors have already embarked on R&D projects to develop 5G standards, which

offer even higher data rates than LTE-A. SNS Research predicts that fully

commercial 5G services will be rolled out by the end of 2020.

The “LTE, LTE-Advanced & 5G Ecosystem: 2014 – 2020 – Infrastructure, Devices,

Subscriptions & Operator Revenue” report presents an in-depth assessment of

the LTE, LTE-A and emerging 5G ecosystem including key market drivers,

challenges, operator revenue potential, infrastructure/device deployment

commitments, future roadmap, value chain, vendor market share and strategies.

The report also presents revenue and shipment market size and forecasts for both

infrastructure and devices, along with subscription and service revenue

projections for the LTE market as a whole, as well as separate projections for the

TD-LTE and LTE FDD sub-markets from 2014 through to 2020. Historical figures are

also presented for 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013.

The report comes with an associated Excel datasheet suite covering quantitative

data from all numeric forecasts presented in the report.




Page 25

1.2 Topics Covered

The report covers the following topics:

LTE and LTE-A ecosystem

5G technology, initiatives and R&D commitments

LTE infrastructure (FDD/TDD macrocell base stations, small cells & EPC)

LTE devices (smartphones and other form factors)

LTE subscriptions and service revenue (FDD and TDD)

LTE infrastructure and device vendor market share

LTE operator reviews and network deployment case studies

LTE Broadcast (eMBMS) and VoLTE

Market drivers and barriers

Wireless network infrastructure industry roadmap and value chain

Company profiles and strategies of LTE ecosystem players

Market analysis and forecasts from 2014 till 2020




Page 26

1.3 Historical Revenue & Forecast Segmentation

Market forecasts and historical revenue/unit shipment/subscription

figures are provided for each of the following submarkets and their

subcategories:

- LTE Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue

TD-LTE Macrocell eNodeBs (eNBs)

LTE FDD Macrocell eNBs

LTE FDD Small Cells

TD-LTE Small Cells

EPC

- LTE Device Shipments & Revenue

TD-LTE

LTE FDD

Form Factor (Embedded Cards, Consumer Gadgets,

Netbooks, PCs, Routers, Smartphones, Tablets and USB

Dongles)

- LTE Subscriptions and Operator Service Revenue

TD-LTE

LTE FDD

The following regional and country markets are also covered:

- Regional Markets

Asia Pacific

Eastern Europe

Latin & Central America




Page 27

Middle East & Africa

North America

Western Europe

- Top 20 Country Markets

Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India,

Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico,

Philippines, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, UK and

USA




Page 28

1.4 Key Questions Answered

The report provides answers to the following key questions:

How big is the LTE, LTE-A and 5G ecosystem?

How is the ecosystem evolving by segment and region?

What will the market size be in 2020 and at what rate will it grow?

What trends, challenges and barriers are influencing its growth?

Who are the key LTE infrastructure and device vendors and what are their

strategies?

How much are vendors and operators investing in LTE?

What is the outlook for LTE-A adoption?

What is the outlook for eMBMS and VoLTE services?

How will LTE FDD investments compare with TD-LTE?

What opportunities exist for LTE small cells?

How will LTE ARPU evolve overtime?

Which countries will see the highest number of LTE subscriptions?

How much will vendors and operators invest in 5G R&D?




Page 29

1.5 Key Findings

The report has the following key findings:

In 2014 wireless carriers will pocket nearly $103 Billion from commercial

LTE service revenues

LTE and LTE-Advanced service revenues are further expected to grow at a

CAGR of nearly 40% over the next 6 years, eventually accounting for $672

Billion by the end of 2020

By 2020 nearly 50% of all LTE subscriptions will be on LTE-Advanced

networks

Samsung and Apple lead LTE-enabled smartphone shipments with a

combined market share of 73%

LTE infrastructure spending is expected to account for nearly $15 Billion

by the end of 2014. This includes spending on LTE macrocells, small cells

and EPC/mobile core equipment

Huawei and Ericsson lead the LTE infrastructure market with a combined

market share of 44%

Samsung is expected to significantly increase its stake in LTE infrastructure

contracts, and eventually become a Tier-1 vendor by 2017

Wireless carriers and vendors will spend at least $1 Billion per annum in

R&D spending to drive standardization and commercialization of 5G

technology




Page 30

1.6 Methodology

The contents of this report have been accumulated by combining information

attained from a range of primary and secondary research sources. In addition to

analyzing official corporate announcements, policy documents, media reports,

and industry statements, SNS Research sought opinions from leading industry

players within the LTE, LTE-Advanced and 5G ecosystem to derive an unbiased,

accurate and objective mix of market trends, forecasts and the future prospects of

the industry between 2014 and 2020.




Page 31

1.7 Target Audience

The report targets the following audience:

Wireless carriers/Mobile Network Operators (MNOs)

Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs)

Mobile infrastructure (RAN, Core, Backhaul) OEMs

Mobile device OEMs

Chipset manufacturers

Gateway vendors

Mobile chipset OEMs

Investors

Application & software providers




Page 32

1.8 Companies & Organizations Mentioned

The following companies and organizations have been reviewed, discussed or

mentioned in the report:

21 Vianet Group BluWan Eastlink KT Omnitel SMARTS True Move

2K Telecom BMW E-Band Communications KT Corp Rwanda

On Telecomunicacoes Smile TSKL

3 Austria Bollore Telecom ECI Telecom KTH - Royal Institute of Technology ONE Smoltelecom TTK

3 Denmark Bouygues Telecom Econet Wireless Kyocera Ooredoo Softbank Tunisiana

3 HK Brazil Army Eden Rock Communications Lanka Bell Open Mobile Softbank Mobile Turkcell

3 Ireland Brazil Sao Paulo Military Police Edgewater Lantiq Optimus

SOLiD Technologies U Mobile

3 Italia BridgeWave Communications EE Lattelecom Optiway Sony Mobile U.S. Army

3 Sweden Broadcom EION Leap Wireless/Cricket Optus Spectranet U.S. Navy

365 Media Brocade Elisa LG Orange Armenia SpeedConnect UbeeAirWalk

3Roam Browan EMT LG U+ Orange Austria SpiderCloud Wireless Ubidyne GmBH

4ipnet BSNL Emtel LightPoint Communications Orange Dominicana Spreadtrum Ubiquisys

6WIND BT EnergyAustralia Ausgrid Lightsquared Orange France Sprint

Ubiquiti Networks

A1 Telekom BTC EnGenius LIME Orange Liechtenstein Sprint Nextel u-blox

Aalborg University BTI Systems Entel Movil Linkem Orange Luxembourg Sprocket Wireless UCell

Aalto-University BTI Wireless Entel PCS LMT Orange Mauritius

SRT Communications UK Broadband

Ablaze BTL Entel Peru LSI Orange Moldova SSTL Ulusnet

Accedian BUCD Enterasys LTC Orange Romania Star Microwave Umniah

Accelleran Bulgaria Vivacom ERA/T-Mobile Poland M1 Orange Slovak Republic Starcomms Une-EPM

Actelis C Spire Wireless Ericsson Manx Telecom Orange Spain StarHub United Nations

Actix C&S ETC Marvell Orange Switzerland STC United Wireless

Adams NetWorks Cable and Wireless Etex Telephone Co-op Mascom Wireless Orange Uganda Stoke Unitel

ADLINK Cambium Networks EtherReach Massnet Orckit Corrigent Strata Networks Universitaet Bremen

ADTRAN

Cambridge Broadband Networks (CBNL) Ethertronics MAX Telecom Osnova Telecom Strix Systems

Universitat Politècnica de València

ADVA Canoga Perkins Ethio Telecom Maxim Integrated Overture Sub10 Systems University of Kaiserslautern

Advantech Carolina West Wireless Ethos Maxis P&T

Sunrise Communications

University of Oulu

Aero2 Carrier Access Corporation Etisalat MaxyTel P1 Networks

Surfline Communications US Cellular

Aerohive Casio Etisalat Misr MediaTek P4 (Play) SWIFT Networks UTStarcom (Star Solutions)

Aeronet Cassidian Evolve Broadband Megafon Panasonic Swisscom Vainakh Telecom




Page 33

Aircel Cavium Exalt Menatelecom Pandetel Sycamore VDC (VNPT)

Aircell CBL Bahamas ExteNet Systems Meru Networks Panhandle Telephone Co-op Syringa Wireless Velatel

Aircom International CCS Extreme Networks Mesaplexx Pantech T Mobile Velatel-Aerostrong

AirHop Communications Ceclcom Axiata FarEasTone Meteor PCCW Tango Verizon Wireless

Airspan CeedTec FastBack Networks Microwave Networks Peoples Telephone Co-op Tango Networks Videocon

Airtel Nigeria Celcite Fastlink (Regional Telecom)

Mid-Rivers Communications Personal Taqua Videotron

Airvana Cell C Femtel Milmex Pioneer Cellular Tarana Wireless Viettel

AIS/DPC Thailand Cellcom FibroLAN mimoOn Plexxi Tata Elxsi Vimpelcom

Al Madar CellO (Optiway and Cellvine) Firetide

Mindspeed Technologies Polkomtel Plus TDC VIP mobile

Alaska Communications Celtro Fitel

Ministry of Industry, Development and Reform Commission - China Positron-Aktino

TE Connectivity (Tyco Electronics Connectivity) VIPNet

Albis Technologies CenturyLink Fjarskipti (Vodafone Iceland)

Ministry of Science - China

Powerwave Technologies Tecom

Visafone Communications

Alcatel-Lucent Ceragon Fortinet

Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) - Korea

Poznan University of Technology TEKTELIC Viva

Alfa Chalmers University of Technology FPT Telecom MiSpot Proxim Telcel Vivacell-MTS

Algar Telecom (CTBC)

Chariton Valley Comms

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Mobile Norway/Tele2

PTK Centertel (Orange) Telco Systems Vivato

Algerie Telecom Charles Industries Freescale Semiconductor Mobily

Public Service Wireless Tele2 Vivo

Alpha Networks Chat Mobility Fujitsu Mobinil Public Wireless Tele2 Kazakhstan VMWare

Altel China Mobile Fujitsu (Formerly Fujitsu-Toshiba) Mobistar PureWave Networks Tele2 Sweden Vodacom

Altera China Mobile Hong Kong Fujitsu-Toshiba Mobitel PVT

Telecom Italia Mobile (TIM)

Vodacom Tanzania

Alvarion China Telecom Gemtek Moldcell Qualcomm Telecom Malaysia Vodafone

Andorra Telecom China Unicom Genband Monaco Telecom QuCell Telecom New Zealand

Vodafone Australia

Andrew/CommScope CHT General Dynamics Mongolia Telecom Quortus

Telefonica Movistar

Vodafone Czech Republic

Anite Cielo Georgia Magticom Mosaic Telecom R (Spain) Telefonica O2 Vodafone Egypt

Antares Group Ciena Glo Mobile Motorola Mobility RAD Data Systems Telefonica O2 Ireland Vodafone Fiji

Antel Cisco Globacom Motorola Solutions Radisys Telefonica O2 UK

Vodafone Greece

Anvaya Networks City of Charlotte Council Global Mobile Movicel RADWIN Telefonica Peru

Vodafone Ireland

Apple Claro Global Wireless Technologies (GWT) Movilmax Rakon Telefonica Spain Vodafone Italy

Aptilo Clear Mobitel Globe Movilnet Raytheon Telekom Srpske Vodafone New Zealand

Aqiva Wireless CNT GoNet Systems Movistar RCS & RDS Telenet Belgium Vodafone Portugal

Aquafon Cobham/Axell Wireless Goodman Networks MRV Communications

Redline Communications

Telenor Denmark Vodafone Qatar

Argela Coherent Logix Gore MTA REDtone Telenor Hungary Vodafone Romania

Aricent Colorado Valley GrenTech MTC Reliance Telenor Montenegro Vodafone Spain

Armentel Comba Guineanet MTC Touch Reverb Networks Telenor Norway Vodafone UK

Aruba Comba Telecom Handlink M-Tel RF Window Telenor Sweden Vox




Page 34

Aruba Networks Commnet Wireless Harris MTN RFNet Telesis VTel Wireless

Asiaspace Communication Components Inc. (CCI) Hatteras MTN Uganda

RFS (Radio Frequency Systems) TeliaSonera Vubiq

Askey Contela Hitachi MTNL Rogers Wireless TeliaSonera Norway Wataniya

ASOCS ConteXtream HP MTPCS Rostelecom TeliaSonera Sweden

Wataniya Telecom

Astellia Convergence Technologies HTC MTS Ro-Timak Technology

Telkom Mobile (8ta) WBS (iBurst)

AT&T Mobility Copper Valley Telecom Huahuan MTS Allstream Ruckus Wireless

Telkomsel Indonesia

West Central Wireless

Athena Wireless Communications

Corning/MobileAccess Huawei MTS Belarus RusViet Telecom Tellabs Wi-Ex

Atrica Cosmote Hutchison 3 MTS Ukraine RWTH Aachen Telrad Wi-Fi Alliance

Avanti COTA Murcia4G IBW International Myanmar P & T S and R Communications Telstra

Wilson Electronics

Avea Cross Telephone ICE

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

S&T Telephone Cooperative Telus Wind

Aviat Networks Crown Castle iConnect Nawras Safaricom Texas Energy Network Wind Mobile

Axerra Networks CSI IDC Moldova NBN Co. Sagebrush Cellular (Nemont)

Texas Instruments

Wireless Broadband Alliance

Axis Teknologies CSL Limited iDirect Ncell Sagem TFL Wistron NeWeb Corp (WNC)

Azercell Custer Telephone IM2 NEC Sagemcom Thomson Woosh

Azerfon Cyan Imagine Group NEC Casio Mobile Communications SAI

T-Hrvatski Telekom Xilinx

b•lite Datame Infovista (Mentum) Neo-Sky SAI Technology Thumb Cellular XL Axiata

Babilon Mobile Datang Mobile

InnerWireless (Acquired by Black Box) Neotel Saima Telecom Tigo Xplornet

Bakcell DBD Institut Mines-Télécom Nepal Telecom Samsung Tikona Yoigo

Bakrie Telecom Dedicado Intel NetGear Sasktel TIM Brasil Yota

Batelco DeltaNode InterDigital Netronome Sazz TMC

YTL Communications Yes

Bayan Telecommunications Deutsche Telekom Intracom

New Postcom Equipment Sercom

TMN (Portugal Telecom) Zain

BayRICS Dhiraagu Intucell Systems (Acquired by Cisco) NewNet SerComm

T-Mobile Czech Republic Zain Jordan

Beeline Dialog Axiata LTE TDD later FDD Inwi Nexius SFR

T-Mobile Hungary Zain Saudi

Beeline Lao Dialogic

Iowa Statewide Interoperable Communications Board (ISICSB) NITA SGRITA

T-Mobile Macedonia Zamtel

BelAir DiGi ip.access Node-H Sharp T-Mobile Netherlands Zhone

BelCel Digicel IPITEK NOKIA Shentel T-Mobile Puerto Rico Ziggo

Belgacom / Proximus Digicel Fiji Islandcom Nomadix Shyam T-Mobile Slovensko Zinwave

Bell Mobility Digitel IT&E Guam Nomor Research Shyam Networks T-Mobile USA Zoda Fones

BendBroadband Digitel Jamaica JDSU (Arieso) NorthwestCell Si.mobil TN Mobile ZTE

BeST (Life) Dish Network Juni Nova SIAE Microelectronics TOT Thailand

BH Telecom D-Link Juniper NSN Siemens TPG Internet

Bharti Airtel DNA Juniper Networks nTelos Siklu TP-Link




Page 35

Bhutan Telecom DOCOMO Euro-Labs Kcell NTT DoCoMo Siminn TRaC Global

Big Switch Networks DoCoMo Pacific KDDI Nuage Networks (Alcatel-Lucent) SingTel Trango Systems

BigAir DragonWave Kentrox NVIDIA SK Telecom Transmode

BlackBerry DTAC – TriNet Kordia O2 Secure Wireless SK Telesys Tranzeo

BLiNQ Networks Du KPN Octasic Sky Brazil Triatel

Bluegrass Cellular E Plus KPN Base Oi

Smart Communications Tricom

Blueline eAccess KPU (Alaska) Omantel Smartone Tropos




Page 36

Copyright SNS Research Ltd, 2014. All rights reserved.

This material is subject to the laws of copyright and is restricted to registered

license-holders who have entered into a Corporate, a Multi-User or a Single-User

license agreement with SNS Research Ltd. It is an offence for the license-holder to

make the material available to any unauthorized person, either via e-mail

messaging or by placing it on a network.

All SNS research reports & databases are intended to provide general information

and strategic insights only, and they do not constitute, nor are they intended to

constitute, investment advice. SNS Research and its employees disclaim all and

any guarantees, undertakings and warranties, whether expressed or implied, and

shall not be liable for any loss or damage whatsoever, and whether foreseeable

or not, arising out of, or in connection with, any use of or reliance on any

information, statements, opinions, estimates or forecasts contained in the

reports.




Page 94

3.10 5G Requirements

While there is no set consensus on specific requirements for 5G, some of the key

5G requirements from METIS are highlighted below:

Data Rate 10 to 100 times higher typical user data rate where in a dense urban environment the typical user data rate will range from 1 to 10 Gbps

Data Volume 1,000 times more mobile data per area (per user) where the volume per area (per user) will be over 100 Gbps per square kilometer (resp. 500 Gbyte/user/month)

Device Density 10 to 100 times more connected devices Battery Life 10 times longer battery life for low-power massive machine

communications where machines such as sensors or pagers will have a battery life of a decade

Response Times Support of ultra-fast application response times (e.g., for tactile internet) where the end-to-end latency will be less than 5 milliseconds with high reliability

Cost and Energy Dissipation

Fulfill the previous requirements under a similar cost and energy dissipation per area as in today's cellular systems

Figure 12: METIS 5G Requirements

Source: METIS

3.11 Vertical Industries to Play a Key Role

Vertical industries are expected to play a more central role in the next generation

of wireless than they have before, amid growing penetration of wireless

connectivity in sectors such as automotive, transport, energy, public safety and

healthcare.




Page 145

8 Chapter 8: Vendor & Operator Landscape

Profiled in this chapter are some of the key players in the LTE infrastructure,

device and operator service markets.

8.1 LTE Infrastructure

8.1.1 Alcatel-Lucent

French telecommunications giant Alcatel-Lucent offers wireless network

infrastructure solutions as part of its wider portfolio which includes fixed and

converged networking hardware, IP technologies, software, and services.

Alcatel-Lucent has a strong foothold in LTE with an estimated 17% vendor share in

the RAN segment and a 30% share in the EPC segment. Alcatel-Lucent’s major LTE

infrastructure customers include a number of Tier 1 operators including AT&T and

Verizon Wireless from where it generates nearly a third of its revenue.

competitors such as Huawei and ZTE over concerns about the security of key

national infrastructure. Elsewhere, the company is losing grounds, especially

Europe.

However the vendor is assertively maintaining its market momentum with recent

contract wins with Chinese incumbents China Mobile and China Telecom in

Q4’2013. During the same quarter, the vendor also won a major LTE infrastructure

As U.S operators continue to invest on LTE deployments, Alcatel-Lucent enjoys

growth in margins because the U.S market is effectively closed to low-cost Chinese




Page 167

8.3.9 SoftBank

SoftBank is an incumbent Japanese telecommunications and media corporation.

The company established itself as a leading mobile network operator in Japan

following its takeover of Vodafone Japan in Q1’2006. The operator also owns an

80% stake in US operator Sprint.

Softbank announced the launch of its commercial TD-LTE service in Q4’2011, using

a 1 x 20 MHz channel in Band 41, where the center frequency is 2565 MHz. The

network was build using Huawei, ZTE4 and Ericsson5 infrastructure. After being

awarded new 900 MHz spectrum, the operator announced in Q2’2012 that it will

be expanding its mobile broadband offering by adding an LTE FDD network, built

using NSN and Ericsson infrastructure.

The first device offered by SoftBank for its TD-LTE network was the "ULTRA WiFi

4G SoftBank 101SI” manufactured by Seiko Instruments, which is a portable

router that can support peak downlink speeds up to 76 Mbps and up to 10 WiFi-

connected devices simultaneously. In Q3’2012, the operator introduced a number

of TD-LTE capable smartphones.

support a peak downlink data rate of 770 Mbps by utilizing LTE-A techniques such

as carrier aggregation, coordinated multi-point and cloud baseband processing.

4 Huawei and ZTE had both won contracts for the TD-LTE RAN

5 Ericsson was selected to build the EPC

LTE-A network. The demonstration of the network showed it could

In Q3’2013, SoftBank hosted a demonstration of a TDD based 3.5 GHz




Page 170

9 Chapter 9: Market Analysis & Forecasts

This chapter reviews the global LTE market from a quantitative perspective.

9.1 LTE Infrastructure Shipments & Revenue

SNS Research expects spending on LTE macrocell Radio Access Network (RAN),

small cells and Evolved Packet Core (EPC) infrastructure to increase from $15

Billion in 2014 to nearly $33 Billion by the end of 2020.

Figure 33: Global LTE Infrastructure Revenue by Submarket: 2010 – 2020 ($

Million)

Source: SNS Research

Of the total spending, $30 Billion will be on macrocell and small cell infrastructure,

while the remaining $2 billion will be accountable for EPC network equipment.

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

EPC/Mobile Core

LTE Small Cells

LTE Macrocells




Page 321

10 Chapter 10: LTE Infrastructure, Device &

Subscriptions Summary

In this chapter we summarize the present state of the LTE infrastructure, devices

and operator services ecosystem.

10.1 Infrastructure

10.1.1 Commercial Device Availability

EPC products, in both FDD and TDD modes of operation.

10.1.2 RAN Vendor Share: Who Leads the Market?

In terms to LTE macrocell RAN vendor share, Ericsson took a commanding lead in

LTE market share in 2012 due to its strong position with key operators in North

America, Japan and South Korea. Both NSN and Alcatel-Lucent also benefited from

strong operator spending in early LTE deployments.

As Huawei is largely prohibited from selling infrastructure in the U.S, it was

prevented from becoming a bigger threat to Ericsson and other players in 2012.

However Huawei’s market share has significantly increased in 2013, as LTE

deployments ramped up in Europe and Asia.

All major infrastructure vendors are now shipping commercial LTE RAN and




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10.3.2 Commercial Availability

LTE adoption took a positive turn with large scale deployments in the U.S, Japan

and Korea between 2010 and 2012. As spectrum complexities eased in 2013,

European operators soon followed suit, and since then LTE deployments are

accelerating across the globe.

As of Q1’2014, over 510 operators are investing in LTE worldwide, and over 265 of

these operators are offering commercial mobile broadband services on their LTE

networks.

10.3.3 How Big is the LTE Service Revenue Opportunity?

SNS Research estimates that 265 LTE networks will generate nearly $103 Billion in

service revenue in 2014 alone. LTE service revenues are further expected to grow

at a CAGR of nearly 40% over the next 6 years, eventually accounting for $672

Billion by 2020. By this time nearly 50% of the 2.4 Million LTE subscribers will be

supported by LTE-A capable networks.

Figure 299: LTE Service Revenue by Region: 2010 - 2020 ($ Billion)

Source: SNS Research

$0

$200

$400

$600

$800 Western Europe

North America

Middle East & Africa

Latin and Central America

Eastern Europe

Asia Pacific

Documents

The LTE, LTE-Advanced & 5G Ecosystem: 2014 2020 · PDF fileThe LTE, LTE-Advanced & 5G Ecosystem: 2014 – 2020 Infrastructure, ... 8.1.11 ZTE ... 9.1.1 TDD vs. FDD RAN Segmentation