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Libraries...the fourth R State Library of Queensland 18 th Sept 2012. The Library Dividend Socio-economic research on the value of Queensland public libraries Andrew McDougall SGS Economics & Planning. Outline of Presentation. Project objectives Project framework Project methodology - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Library Dividend
Socio-economic research on the value of Queensland public libraries
Andrew McDougallSGS Economics & Planning
Libraries...the fourth RState Library of Queensland 18th Sept 2012
• Project objectives
• Project framework
• Project methodology
• Survey results
• Case study results
• Queensland results
• Conclusions
Outline of Presentation
• Expand understanding of the value of public libraries
• Prove that public libraries contribute economic benefit to the community
• Equip public library managers with tools for assessing value
• Equip public library managers with advocacy materials
Key Project Objectives
Cost Benefit AnalysisBenefits Less CostsEquals Net Benefits
Economic Impact AnalysisDirect stimulusPlus indirect (flow ion effects)Total induced economic activity
Qualitative Insights
Framework Elements
Do public libraries provide a net benefit to the Queensland community?
How much economic activity do libraries induce in their local economies?
Content that brings numbers to life and aids advocacy efforts
CBA - Benefits
Benefits
Use
Direct use...access to library resources/ services...social interaction
Indirect use
...sense of place and local amenity
...environmental savings
...contribution to literacy
...contribution to education, career & health
Non-useOptionLegacy
Existence
...for future use
...for current and future generations
CBA - Measurement Techniques
Benefits
Use
Direct use Travel cost Financial savings
Contingent valuation –
usersIndirect use
Non-useOptionLegacy
Existence
Contingent valuation – non-users
Direct Impacts• Recurrent costs of operations• Triggered user expenditures
Indirect Impacts
Total Impacts• Local employment• Local value added• Local output
EIA - Measurement Techniques
Research scope
Survey Sample Method Sample size Coverage
Library users Library users over 18 years
Online survey completed in libraries
Average of 704 in each case study
4,926 in total
7 case study areas
Queensland households
Representative sample of all Queenslanders over 18 years
Telephone survey
1,102 Queensland
Case study library services
Case study Segment population
BrisbaneSunshine CoastFraser CoastMackayGoondiwindiParooMount Isa
Metropolitan High Growth CentreDisadvantaged CentreRegional Centre, Stable Population Small Rural Community (10-25,000)Declining Community (<5,000) Resource Segment
Library user survey...frequency of use
Library user survey...purpose of visit
Library user survey...primary activity
Library user survey...individual benefits
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Major Benefit Minor Benefit No Benefit
Library user survey...community contributions
Library user survey...selected quotes
“The range of materials, the comfortable surroundings and the friendliness and helpfulness of staff.”
“I love the mix of people it attracts all ages from all walks of life; I love that it promotes community.”
“The library is an amazing place to go, staff are always friendly, and the atmosphere makes me feel at home. I can read a book and before I know it 2 hours have passed. I like libraries.”
Library user survey...selected quotes
“We moved from overseas with very little and the library was fantastic, both for resources and helping us integrate into the community.”
“I live a long way out of town so it is also a good mutual place to meet.”
“Libraries have been an important part of both my education and my life”
Library user surveys...dollar values
Financial savings $395 per annum
Contingency valuation $52 per annum Worth more, but capacity to pay limited
Travel costs Travel 7.8km to get to librarySpend 37 minutes in library
Triggered expenditures $55 per annum due to library use$19.70 spent elsewhere each visit
Household (non-user) survey...perceived benefits
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Help people obtain new jobs or promotions
Help people or start a business
Contribute to productivity by supporting job skills and …
Assist understanding of legal or medicine information
Help people accomplish tasks and/or achieve goals
Assist English language skills
Enable people to gain or improve computer skills
Foster a sense of community or belonging
Support involvement in educational courses
Help people to pursue hobbies and interests
Facilitate informal lifelong learning
Help people find information not obtainable elsewhere
Contribute to enjoyable and meaningful pastimes
Support children's early (0 to 5 years) development
Support children's education
Percentage of Respondents
Large extent Moderate extent Small extent Not provided Don't know
Household (non-user) survey...perceived characteristics
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Attracting new business to the community
Supporting existing local businesses
Facilitating job or career planning
Recognising the demand for non-English language …
Acting as a source of government information
Supporting the development of English as a 2nd …
Providing information about community events
Providing public meeting places
Supporting local culture and the arts
Promoting and encouraging literacy
Encouraging responsible social behaviour
Ensuring access to the Internet for all
Facilitating lifelong learning and improving literacy
Being safe and pleasant places to visit
Percentage of Respondents
Agree Strongly Agree Disagree Disagree Strongly Don't Know
Household (non-user) survey...willingness to pay
“
Household (non-user) survey...selected quotes
“
“Libraries. Wouldn't be without them!”
“Libraries act as a hub where community members can come together not only for social activities but to pursue personal interests and continue on their path of lifelong learning.”
“The library is a place where all people can go and have access to resources and be treated the same”.
Case studies...headline messages
Case study Headline messages about library contributions
Brisbane
Sunshine Coast
Fraser Coast
Mackay
Goondiwindi
Paroo
Mount Isa
Embracing new technologies, changing community expectations
Adult education and training opportunities
Co-location with other community services enhances outcomes
Innovative approaches to membership/ programming can mitigate transience of resource workers/ families
Delivery service ensures community wide access
Library’s role in times of crisis is accentuated
Serving socially isolating community members, key entry point for transient resource works/ families
• Insufficiency of funding
• Managing rising community expectations
• Keeping abreast with and training staff in emerging technologies
• Attraction and retention of quality staff
• Promotion of service offering to enable maximise community awareness/ use
Case studies...common issues
Case studies...quantitative results
Cost Financial savings
Travel cost method
Contingency valuation
Brisbane Libraries $49.6 $256.7 $103.6 $55.5
Sunshine Coast Libraries $14.7 $49.7 $33.4 $11.0
Fraser Coast Libraries $2.7 $15.5 $6.1 $3.3
Mackay Libraries $3.7 $20.4 $9.5 $4.4
Paroo Libraries $0.2 $0.7 $0.3 $0.1
Mount Isa Libraries $0.7 $6.4 $1.5 $1.1
Goondiwindi Libraries $0.3 $2.6 $0.7 $0.5
Total $71.9 $351.9 $155.1 $76.0
Case studies...benefit cost ratios
Case studies...local economic impacts
Impact on regional economy
Income ($ million)
Value-added ($ million) Employment
Direct Total Direct Total Direct TotalBrisbane $71.22 $165.44 $29.87 $75.49 410.56 772.22
Sunshine Coast $18.86 $31.12 $9.94 $17.10 129.33 182.23
Fraser Coast $3.90 $5.90 $1.93 $3.08 30.09 40.65
Mackay $5.39 $8.44 $2.55 $4.11 43.30 58.63
Paroo $0.20 $0.25 $0.12 $0.15 5.18 5.88
Mount Isa $1.13 $1.49 $0.17 $0.26 10.28 12.51
Goondiwindi $0.70 $0.98 $0.34 $0.51 5.46 7.25
Total $101.39 $213.62 $44.92 $100.70 634.20 1,079.38
Queensland results...CBA
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Contingency valuation method (BCR = 1.0)
Travel cost method method (BCR = 1.8)
Financial savings method (BCR = 4.1)
Cost
$ Million$478 (BCR = 2.3)
$614 million in Queensland income
$295 million in Queensland value added
3,135 full time equivalent Queensland jobs
Queensland results...EIA
• Libraries contribute significantly to community welfare & economic activity. They provide a sound return on investment.
• Numbers are robust, disciplined & appropriately informed.
• Both Queensland library users and non-users appreciate the contributions made by libraries.
• Queensland community is largely satisfied with library services; suggested improvements revolve around the deepening of existing services.
Conclusions
Questions