APPENDIX I

The Letters of the Hon. Mrs Henniker to

Thomas Hardy(1go6-22)

The extant letters of Florence Henniker to Thomas Hardy -less than forty in number1 - invariably open with 'My dear friend' and close with 'Your affectionate friend', or 'Ever your affectionate friend', 'Always your friend', or 'Ever affectionately yours'. There are long gaps in the correspond­ence, especially between the years 1915 and 1920. It is obvious that it is not complete, whether from accident or intention. She wrote from various addresses, Hayling Island, Felpham in Sussex and Shoreham in Kent, as well as from London- 2 Hyde Park Square, which she let from time to time, Stratford Place and Sussex Place in the West End, and two addresses in Ken­sington. She was neither well-to-do nor strong in health, and moved about, sometimes abroad, in search of financial or physical benefit. But it was at Felpham and Shoreham that, as the letters show, she found the greatest happiness, since -like the Hardys - she was a great lover of gardens, birds and domestic animals. Towards the end of her life she moved to Highgate Hill.

Her letters reveal something of her character - not as much as one could wish- and of those interests which she and Hardy had in common, animal welfare and, above all, literature. Her compassionate heart was drawn towards anti-vivisection and the amelioration of all animal suffering. Florence Hardy lamented after her death that they had no one to assist them, as she had done, in this cause. Mrs Henniker was delighted

1. They are all at the Dorset County Museum. In addition to the thirty-five in the main collection, there are four congratulatory letters, one relating to the award of the O.M. to Hardy in 1910, and three to birthdays from 1920 to 1922. See C. and C. Weber, Thomas Hardy's Max Gate Correspondence, Colby College, 1968, where Mrs Henniker's letter of 28 May 1915 is not listed.

ONE RARE FAIR WOMAN

with the passage of the Plumage Bill in America and the rending of feathers from the hats of callous women. When Prince Arthur of Connaught opened a laboratory at Cam­bridge which she associated with vivisection, she wished some mad woman would burn it down. She had been very grateful to receive from Hardy a cheque for the relief of wounded war horses. If only a bill for their relief, and a Plumage Act, could be passed, 1921 would not be a bad year for England despite the strikes. Nor was she oblivious of human suffering. During the First World War she was occupied in sending parcels of books to wounded or captive soldiers in Egypt and Meso­potamia.

In her first extant letter there is a reminder, as late as 1906, of that interest in architecture by which Hardy had striven to bind her to him as a pupil in the 18gos. She had spirit and strong opinions of her own, and disagreed with him over the retention of Georgian pews in medieval churches. He had sent her his essay, 'Memories of Church Restoration', published in The Cornhill Magazine in the month in which she wrote to him:

I ought to have thanked you, before this, for the address on ancient buildings, which was both interesting and amusing . . . . I don't see the objection to restoration, when, for example you leave the original half window, or half arch ... intact? And as to the Georgian pews - I think they had far better go, in spite of some interesting associations. They would have greatly disgusted the first builders, and it seems to me are more of an eyesore than some other innovations would be?

Later she appealed to Hardy to prevent the destruction of some ancient buildings in the city:

I wish you would write a strong protest against the wicked proposal to demolish Cloth Fair. It is really worse to pull down beautiful and interesting old buildings in time of peace than to burn them in the excitement of War. Surely those Smithfield houses should be kept as treasured relics, even if they are not supposed to be suitable to be lived in.

206 ONE RARE FAIR WOMAN

Sir Walter Besant had described these houses as 'very old ... with projecting stories and gable ends. Many of these have the bowed curve of old age resembling the curving back of an old man' (a comment that would have appealed to Hardy). '[Some] are covered with rough stucco and have bayed windows and gable ends. These are the fronts of those seen over the church­yard [of St Bartholomew's].'2

In other letters there are comments on the conduct of the First World War, on national prejudices; on the Coalition Government of 1915, and Lloyd George and the new govern­ment of 1922; more particularly on the Irish question, with which her brother, Lord Crewe, the former Lord-Lieutenant, was intimately concerned. She had little use for the nascent Irish Republic and the bitter struggle for independence. Par­nell and Dillon, yes; but she found the resuscitation of the Gaelic names and tongue, which the English had cruelly sup­pressed, 'farcical', an attitude she could hardly escape since she belonged to the ruling English aristocracy of the period.

Literature was her predominant interest, but she was also fond of music and painting. Hardy sent her tickets for exhibi­tions and lectures that he could not, and she might not other­wise have been able to, attend. (In one letter she refers to straitened circumstances.) So, when thanking him, she com­ments on Royal Academy paintings and people, concerts at the Albert Hall and the public lectures of Sir Henry Newbolt, who spoke on Shakespeare and the poetry of Walter de la Mare, and of Professor Ernest de Selincourt, who lectured on John Keats. When the Keats memorial volume was being planned, she was asked to write her memories of her father's conversations on his favourite poet, but she regretted that she did not feel up to it. She is familiar with the current French novelists, and with the work of Thackeray and Dickens. When she is moving to Highgate she likes to think that her house is near the terrace where Steerforth and Rosa Dartle sat, just as with Hardy'" novels she is anxious to see scenes and settings for the action of Tess of the d'Urbervilles and The Woodlanders. She reads a biography of Cavour with

2. E. V. Lucas thought that the best idea of old London was afforded by the sixteenth-century houses of Cloth Fair and Bartholomew Close, on the north side of St Bartholomew the Great (A Wanderer in Lon­don, London, 1906).

ONE RARE FAIR WOMAN

admiration of his character, and revels, in spite of herself, in the romantic love-story told in two indiscreet volumes by Kitty O'Shea after her marriage to Parnell. She receives Bret Harte's grandson at Hyde Park Square with pleasure, Harte having been one of her guests as well as her father's. Something of the woman who her nephew says liked slang, and who in spite of her devoutness was not given to mysticism, emerges in her description of Blake's poetry as 'twaddly at times'.

Among the 'modern' poets, she is interested in W.B. Yeats, and impressed by Julian Grenfell, Ralph Hodgson, and Walter de la Mare, though she finds some of his work 'a little too mystical and puzzling'. She must have appreciated A Shropshire Lad, for she looks forward to Housman's new volume of poetry in 1922. She recognizes cleverness in some of the younger writers, but concludes they must be 'unwhole­some young decadents'. The reactionary in her responds to Newbolt's criticism of the cynical cast of writing towards the end of the First World War period. Her conservatism makes her averse to 'movies' ('so bad for the eyes'), and critical of modern dress ('idiotic women in London who go to work on wet days wearing transparent stockings and cardboard shoes with high heels') and such eccentricities as Edith Sitwell's hat- 'a bad specimen of- shall we say, Gothic architecture'.

Her criticisms of Barrie and Galsworthy are interesting, proving that she was original enough not to be swayed by current taste. She thinks it absurd that Barrie should have been given the Order of Merit in 1922- an honour awarded to Hardy in 1910 - and considers his work overrated and overpraised, 'an undue fuss' being made about him, his writing, and his 'whimsical' humour. She finds Galsworthy's style

almost too facile, - more a 'knack' - perhaps, than really fine work .... The descriptions ... are, of course charming. But I do resent what has become a perfect obsession with Mr. Galsworthy, viz. his detestation of what, for want of a better word, one may describe as the 'respectable' and the religious. Though he doesn't know it, he is quite as narrow­minded in his way, as the Puritans of the 'Scarlet Letter' were in theirs. He can't conceive the possibility of any woman who has declined to leave her husband, and who

208 ONE RARE FAIR WOMAN

wishes to go to church, having any sort of fascination, or temptations, which shows that his experience is limited!

Elsewhere she writes that Galsworthy's 'curious fondness for the flagrantly immoral woman seems to be more marked than ever - as he now even condones their suffocating their chil­dren!' One wonders what the author of Jude the Obscure thought of that.

The tie between Hardy and Florence Henniker was strengthened by their interest in each other's work. Hers in his was unfailing. It is clear that she read everything he wrote as soon as she could get hold of it, and that she was as keenly interested in his verse as in his prose. Her criticisms were light but perceptive. It is significant, and to her credit, that she asked for a copy of Edmund Gosse's long and important essay on Hardy's poetry and its inception. She admired, she says, Hardy's lyric of which he himself was fond, 'When I set out for Lyonnesse', and thought that perhaps her favourite of all his poems was 'The Darkling Thrush' (another favourite of his, she had read in an article). Her conversations with N ewbolt and de la Mare after their lectures, with Lady Ilchester and Lady St Helier, and with the Gasses and their guests, inevitably turned to Thomas Hardy.

When Late Lyrics and Earlier was published in 1922, Mrs Henniker describes the general impression of the volume as being 'much sadder in tone than you yourself are'. On another occasion she rightly remarks that there is as much in two or three lines of one of his poems 'as in a complete one by many people', an appraisal which would have been unacceptable to most of Hardy's readers, still not ready to rank him as a major poet. How deeply he valued her criticisms we do not know. But all writers need admiration and comfort. For him her responsive appreciation, especially in the dark years when he and his first wife were sealing off their hearts from each other, was stimulus and nourishment.

The letters are not literary masterpieces, but they comple­ment Hardy's to her, in a measure, and transmit something of the essence of a brave, intelligent, warm-hearted woman with a restrained, intuitive nature, streaked like his with irony and humour.

APPENDIX II

The Hon. Mrs. Henniker by

THOMAS HARDY1

Florence Ellen Hungerford Henniker, nee Milnes, whose portrait is annexed, is the younger daughter of the first Lord Houghton and sister of the present Lord Lieutenant of Ire­land and of the Hon. Lady Fitzgerald. The literary bias which has almost resulted in placing Mrs. Henniker on the list of professional authors may possibly be hereditary in her, for it manifested itself at an early age - a quaint devotional fervour, not uncommon in imaginative children, taking the form of an enthusiasm for the writing of hymns. Possibly also her having beeh surrounded through childhood and youth by literary personages of all classes and countries, whom her father was accustomed to entertain at Fryston Hall and in London, made her early familiar with the idea of putting her thoughts upon paper. But it was not until the last three or four years that she decided to publish as fiction the experiences of life gained in England and abroad by one who has certainly had good opportunities of observing it. Her first and wholly experimental novel, bearing the amateurish title of Bid Me Good-bye,2 was followed by a tale of stronger characterization, called Sir George, which has lately been republished in one volume. Last year Mrs. Henniker issued a longer novel en­titled Foiled, wherein the growing strength shown in charac­ter-drawing makes the reader indifferent to the absence of a well-compacted plot. A volume of short stories called Outlines, published this year, evidences a literary form and style suf­ficient to carry their author through more ambitious perform­ances. Mrs. Henniker has also written tales for the Cornhill,

1. Published anonymously in The Illustrated London News, 18 August 1894.

2. Hardy's order is wrong: Mrs Henniker's first novel, Sir George, appeared in 18gi, and her second, Bid Me Good-bye, in 1892.

210 ONE RARE FAIR WOMAN

Blackwood, English Illustrated) and other magazines, and has published some scattered translations of French and Italian verse. Her note of individuality, her own personal and pecu­liar way of looking at life, without which neither aristocrat nor democrat, fair woman nor foul, has any right to take a stand before the public as author, may be called that of emotional imaginativeness, lightened by a quick sense of the odd, and by touches of observation lying midway between wit and humour.

APPENDIX III

Published volumes of novels and short stories by the

Hon. Mrs Henniker

Sir George, Richard Bentley and Son, 1891 Bid Me Good-bye, Richard Bentley and Son, 1892 Foiled, Hurst and Blackett, 1893 Outlines, Hutchinson, 1894:

A Statesman's Love-Lapse The Major's Prodigal Our Neighbour, Mr. Gibson A Sustained Illusion

In Scarlet and Grey, John Lane, 18g6: The Heart of the Colour-Sergeant Bad and Worthless A Successful Intrusion A Page from a Vicar's History At the Sign of the Startled Fawn In the Infirmary The Spectre of the Real (in collaboration with Thomas

Hardy) Sowing the Sand, Harper and Brothers, 18g8 Contrasts, John Lane, 1903:

Lady Coppinger's Perplexity The Butterfly A Brand of Discord In a Rhineland Valley Mr. and Mrs. Cartaret Maurice Ballantine's Friend Lady Gillian The Home-Coming of Job Three Corporals Ex-Trooper Tempany The Man who Waited

212 ONE RARE FAIR WOMAN

The Lonely House on the Moor Glory An Hour in October Past Mending After Thirty Years

Our Fatal Shadows, Hurst and Blackett, 1907 Second Fiddle, Eveleigh Nash, 1912 Stories and Play Stories, published in 1897 by Chapman and Hall (from Chapman's Magazine), contained one short story by the Hon. Mrs Arthur Henniker. This was 'Mrs. Livesey', but Hardy's letters suggest that others were published only in magazines. In March 1917 she expressed the hope that her new story (a novel?), which she thought better than Second Fiddle, would soon be published; it was to be dedicated to Thomas Hardy. So far it has not been traced. She seems to have attempted drama more than once; The Courage of Silence, a four-act comedy, was published in 1905.

APPENDIX IV

Bibliography of principal references in Notes

As frequent references have already been made to Hardy's works, it is superfluous to list them here. It may be helpful, however, to point out that the only complete edition of his poems is The Collected Poems of Thomas Hardy, London, 1930.

The following are the books to which abbreviated refer­ences are made throughout:

E. Charteris

Evelyn Hardy

Evelyn Hardy

Florence Hardy

Viola Meynell

Harold Orel

F. B. Pinion

James Pope-Hennessy R. L.Purdy

T.W.Reid

W. R. Rutland

Carl Weber

The Life and Letters of Sir Ed­mund Gosse, London, 1931. Thomas Hardy, A Critical Bio­graphy, London, 1954; New York, 1970. Thomas Hardy's Notebooks, London, 1955. The Life of Thomas Hardy, London, 1962. Friends of a Lifetime (letters to Sydney John Cockerell), London, 1940, pp. 274-316. Thomas Hardy's Personal Writ­ings, Kansas, 1966; London, 1967. A Hardy Companion, London and New York, 1968. Lord Crewe, London, 1955· Thomas Hardy, A Bibliograph­ical Study, London, 1954. The Life, Letters, and Friend­ships of Richard Monckton Milnes, First Lord Houghton (two vols), London, 1890. Thomas Hardy, A Study of his Writings and their Background, London, 1938; New York, 1962. 'Dearest Emmie' (Hardy's letters to his first wife), London, 1963.

INDEX

Aldeburgh 23, 65 n, 103, 103~4, I22, I40

Aldershot 6gn, II4, 132, 14on All butt, Sir Clifford 132, 138 n Allhusen, Mrs (1) 31, (2) 3I n, 74,

94n, I 16, 126, 133 Alma-Tadema, Lawrence I 1-12 Archer, William g6, 100 Arlington Manor 7n, 27, 28, 68,

84, 8s Ashburton, Lady 28, 6o Athelhampton Hall 44, 71, 88 Austen, Jane xvii, 1 92

Balfour, Sir Arthur 1 68, 1 82, I 87 n, I93

Balla des and Rondeaus I 5 n, 82 Barnes, William g8, 105 n, 107,

120 n, I37 Barrie, J. M. xxi, xxvi, 2 n, 4, 120,

I46, I62 n, I 76, I86, Igi, 207 Bath 53 n, 106, 107-8 Bennett, Arnold I 50 Beresford, Lord Charles I 3 Besant, Walter gi, 113, I34, 206 Birrell, Augustine I 83, 1 go n Blake, William xiii, 161 n, 198, 207 Blanche, Jacques-Emile 129 Blathwayt, Raymond 35 Blomfield, Sir Arthur 2 n Boer War xxiii, 84, 85-6, 87, 8g-

go, gi-2, 94, g6-7, gg, 102, 105 Bridges, Robert 43, I38n Bristol 67, 106, 107 Brodrick, Stjohn 94, 108, I26 Brown, T. E. g8 Browning, Robert xvii, xxix, 48,

6o, gg, IOS Buller, Lady Audrey 6g Buller, Sir Redvers 6g, 8g, 92 n Burns, John xvii, I67 Burnett, Mrs F. H. 78 Byron, Lord xvi, I5n, 6I, 65, 66,

Ig8

Cambridge IS, 39, 75, I30, I56, I57, I62, I84n

Campbell, Mrs Patrick IOn, I In, 23, son, 97

Carnarvon, Lord 2 n, 6g n Chamberlain, Joseph I3 Christianity 84, 92, I24, I85 Churchill, Mr and Mrs Winston

I64, I97n Clodd, Edward xxxii n, 23, 5 I

6sn, 103n, 104, I22n Cockerell, Sydney I 84 Crabbe, George I22, I8I n Craigie, Pearl I, 28-g, 49, 63, 94,

I30, I46 Creevey Papers, The I I4 Crewe, Lord (formerly 2nd Baron

Houghton) xiii, xv, xvii, xix, xx, xxvi, xxx, xxxviii, 2 I n, 40 n, 50 n, 77 n, 79, 83, 86, 97, I4I-2, I44, I64n, I87n, I93, 206

Crewe, Mrs (the first Lady Crewe) 37

Crewe Hall 2I, 25, 30, 36, 51, 59, 77-8, g8-g

cruelty to birds and animals 28, 40, 47, 57n, 72, 85, 86, 88, 92, IOI, 104, II2, I24, I40n, I44, I48, I49, ISS, IS8-g, I75, I87, I93, 204-s

Daly, Augustin 3, g de la Mare, Walter I97, Igg, 206,

207, 208 Dorchester 36, 68, 70, 123, 124,

I38, I69-70, I 72, I 73, I 75, I 79, I8I, I82, Igi, I94, 20I

Dorset Men, Society of I 20 n, I 2 I, I36, I42, I94

Dorset Regiment I I3 Douglas, Sir George 10-I I, I g, 49,

51, 109, 122 Dowie, Miss (Mrs Norman) 46 Dreyfus, Mme 84

216 INDEX

Drinkwater, John 195 Dublin xix, xx, xxx, xxxii, 20, 23,

25, 34, 45, I I 7 Dugdale, Miss Florence (Mrs

Hardy) xx, xxi, xxii, xxv, xxvi, xxvii, xxviii, xxxii, xxxiv, xxxv, xxxix, 143, 145, 150, 151, 153, 155, 157n, 158, 159 (marriage), x6o, x61-2, 163, I64, 165, 166, 167, 168, 170, 171, 173, 174, 175, I 77, J78, J79, I8I, I82-3, 184, 186-7, 190, 191, 192, 193, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 204

Dugdale, Marjorie 176, 178, 182 Dugdale, Mrs (1) 19, (2) I92 Duse, Eleonora 1 1, 1 2 n

Eastleigh xxxi, 20 Esler, Erminda 44n Evans, A. H. 138 n, 142 n, 155,

I79n Ewart, Lady Evelyn 6o-1 Exeter 68, 70, 71, 148

Fasque 30, 84 n Fiske, Mrs 50, 63, 72 n FitzGerald, Edward 104 FitzGerald, Gerald xiv, xvi, xvii,

6n, 175, 182, 187, 207 FitzGerald, Lady Gerald xiii, I n,

9n, IO, 51, 106 Fortescue, Mr and Mrs John 181,

184 Fox, CharlesJames 37n, I89n Frazer, Sir James, 104 Fryston xvii, xix-xx, xxx, I3, 43,

209

Galsworthy, John 130, 177, I86n, I9on, I97, 207-8

George V 6n, 145, 148, I90 George, Lt Frank I69, I70 Georgian poets I57-8, 178, I97 German militarism I66 Gifford, Charles 6-7, 200 Gifford, Dr 7, I77n Gifford, Evelyn I 77-8, 189 Gifford, Gordon 86 Gifford, Lilian 86 n, 98, I 55,

I 58

Gladstone, W. E. xvm, xxx, 4n, 13n, 3on, 95n, 96, 164

Glasgow University 52 Gloucester Cathedral I9, 67 Golden Treasury, The 43 Gosse, Edmund xvii, xxiv, I n, 4 n,

I2n, 47n, 7In, 78n, I27, I35n, Ig6, I65, I74n, 178, I8I, I84, I86n, I87n, 189, I93, 20I, 208

Grand, Sarah, see M'Fall Granville-Barker, Harley 165n,

I88n, I97 Grove, Lady Agnes 43 n, 59, 65-6,

8g, 92, 98, I 10, 12I, 126, I28

Hanbury, Mr and Mrs Cecil xxv, I 72, I 77-8, 184, I87, I97, I99

Hardy, Emma Lavinia xix, xx-xxi, xxv, xxxii-iii, xxxix, 7n, II-I2, 25, 27, 48, so, 53, 54n, 55, 63, 65, 66, 68, 82, 94, 101, I04, 109, I 10, IIO-II, II4, 136, I45, 146n, I54-5 (her death), 157n (diaries), x6o, I62n, I6g, 165, 173, I77-8 181, 183, I95

Hardy, Florence, see Dugdale Hardy, Jemima (mother) 58, 105n,

II7, I25, 126, I3I Hardy, Katharine (sister) I23n,

Igo, I48, 166 Hardy, Mary (sister) 117, I23 n,

125, I26, I66, I95n HARDY, THOMAs: some charac­

teristics xxiii-v, xxxiii-iv; and Mrs Henniker xvi-xvii, xix, xx­xxiii, xxix-xl

and architecture 2-3, Ig, 43, 59, 169, 205; clubs: Athenaeum 2, Ig, I39n, Savile 40; Christ­mas II9, I24, I57, I85n; frost 75; London 59, 79, I02, I I4, II9, I28, 168; music 79, 102, 104, 128n; painting 49, 55, 77; reviewing 97; theatre 37, 64, 8o, 97, I45· See also Christian­ity, cruelty, marriage, vivisection, war

in Belgium 52-5; Holland 55; Switzerland 65, 66

Works and adaptations A Changed Man I s6

A Changed Man 39 n, go

INDEX

A Committee-Man of 'The Ter-ror' 57

Desperate Remedies 24, 75 n, I 72 n The Distracted Preacher I 50 n The Doctor's Legend 67 n The Duchess of Hamptonshire

67n The Duke's Reappearance 58,

I8I The Dynasts xxvi, 54n, 8sn,

I7on; (Part I) II4, 115, 116; (Part 11) I I 7, I 23, I 25, I 26, I27; (Part m) I25, I28n, I32, I34, I35, I37; (dramatized scenes) I65, I67, I88; (Wessex Scenes) I7I, I72, I73, I75, I76

Enter a Dragoon 87, go Far from the Madding Crowd 88 n,

I 32 n, I42 (play), I 58 (film) Fellow Townsmen 26, I Ig The Fiddler of the Reels 4 The First Countess of Wessex

I2I n, I25, I8gn An Imaginative Woman xxix,

s8n An Indiscretion in the Life of an

Heiress xxiin, I4n, I84n Jude the Obscure xxi, xxvi, xxviii,

xxix, xxxvi-xxxviii, xxxix, 6 n, I4n, ISn, 22, 25n, 3I, s6-7, sgn, 40, 4I n, 42-3, 45, 47, 48, 49, so, 52, 63 n, 78, I49 n

A Laodicean xxix, I3, I6, 47n, ssn, 54n

Late ~rics and Earlier I 26 n, 200, 20I n, 208

Life's Little Ironies son, 37, 39, 40 Master John Horseleigh, Knight

g, 113n The Mayor of Casterbridge I o n,

6gn, Ig6-7 (film) The Mellstock Quire I 79 Memories of Church Restoration

I2g, 205 Moments of Vision I 79-80 Old Mrs Chundle 116n, I84n A Pair of Blue Eyes 32 n, Ig8

217

Poems of the Past and the Present 97, I05

The Return of the Native 7I n, I94, I94-5 (play)

Satires of Circumstance I63, I64-5 Tess of the d' Urbervilles xxx, xxxi,

4. s, 6, g, I4, 22, 24n, 25, s8n, 75n, 92, gsn, g6, 2o6; (play) I In, so, 62, 63, 64, 72 n, 97; (opera) I40, I4I

The Three Strangers 119 The Three Wayfarers I-2, 97, 11gn, ISOn

Time's Laughingstocks I4I, I44 A Tragedy of Two Ambitions

30 The Trumpet-Major 22; (play)

I38, I55 A Tryst at an Ancient Earthwork

27, s6 Two on a Tower Ig2, I93 Under the Greenwood Tree sg, I 79

(play) The Well-Beloved 42 n, 58, 6o, 63,

64, 66, I25 Wessex Poems 7I (cf. 70), 72-3,

74, 74-5, 76, 77, 79, I26n The Withered Arm 119 The Woodlanders xxxvii, 24, 44,

I24n, I47n, 20I, 206 Individual poems

After the Visit I65; Alike and Unlike xxxii, xxxiv; At a House in Hampstead Ig6; At an Inn xxxv, 20n, 77, 79; At Lanivet I79; At the Entering of the New Year Igs;AttheWarOffice 8g, go; At the Word 'Farewell' I79; Autumn in King's Hintock Park I 3 I ; An Autumn Rain-Scene Igg; Before and After Summer I63; A Broken Appointment xx, xxi, xxxvi; By Henstridge Cross at the Year's End I88; Channel Firing I 6 I ; Come not; yet Come! xxxv; The Coming of the End xxxiv; The Convergence of the Twain I52, I53; The Dark­ling Thrush 75n, 118n, I46, 208; The Dead Quire 59 n, I 44; The

218 INDEX

Division xxxiv, 143, 146; Drum­mer Hodge 87; Embarcation 86, 88; The Going of the Battery 86-7, 88; He Wonders about Himself xxxv; In Death Divided xxxv, 203; In Tenebris xxi, xxxiv, 54n, 75n; Jezreel 182; The Jubilee of a Magazine 185n; Last Love-Word xxxv, 164; Looking Across 195n; The Man he Killed 108; The Month's Calendar xxii, xxxv; New Year's Eve 132; A New,Year's Eve in War Time 175; The Noble Lady's Tale 121; The Pink Frock 18o; The Pity of It 166, I 77; The Puzzled Game-Birds 86; Quid Hie Agis? 185n; The Recalcitrants xxxiv; The Rejec­ted Member's Wife 126; The Revisitation I I 8, I I g n, I 82; The Roman Gravemounds I 42 n; The Sacrilege I 50; Satires of Circumstance 145, 146; Sitting on the Bridge I 8o; Song of the Soldiers' Wives and Sweethearts gg; The Spell of the Rose 183n; A Sunday Morning Tragedy I 35; The Souls of the Slain 93; A Thunderstorm in Town xx, xxxvi; Timing Her 18on; To a Tree in London 151 n; To Meet, or Otherwise 157; A Tramp­woman's Tragedy II8; The Voice of Things xxxii; Voices from Things Growing m a Graveyard Igg; V.R. I8Ig­Igoi, 100; Wessex Heights xx, xxiii, xxxiv, xxxv; 'When I set out for Lyonnesse' II8n, 165, 176, 18o, 184, 208; 'Why did I sketch?' 179

Harland, Henry 40 Harper, C. G. 120 (The Hardy

Country) Harper, Henry 39 Harraden, Miss Beatrice 70 Harrison, Frederic I 26, I 75 Harte, Bret xvii, xviii, 8 n, 207

Henley, W. E. g8n, 112 Henniker, Arthur Henry xv-xvi,

xxii, xxxvm; (Capt.) 25; (Major) 41 n, son, 51, 68, 70, 81, 84n, 86, 88, go, 92, 93; (Col.) 94, g6, 102, 103, 105, 106, 107, III, II3, u7; (Major-General) 123, 127-8, 136, 152n (2), 156, 202n

HENNIKER, FLORENCE: before marriage xiii-xv, 43; character xvi-xvii, xxxix; hostess xviii, xix; her literary work xvm-xix, II, 209-12; as 'Worlingworth' 149, 173, 174; and Thomas Hardy xvi-xvii, xix, xx-xxiii, xxix-xl, 208; death and burial xxvi, 202 n; extant letters to Hardy xxvi, 204-8

at Bournemouth 62; Brighton 64, 109, II o, II 5; Dorchester 15on, 191, 201; Eton 70; Farn­borough 140, 141; Felpham 198, 200, 204; in Germany 4I ff., s6, 105, 106, 149; on Hayling Island 129, 130; at Highgate xxvii, 201, 204; in Ireland 21, I 17, IIg, I 24; Scotland go, 84, I 49, I 50; at Shoreham, Kent I s6, I 59. 161, 164, 168, 204; Sloane Gar­dens 49, 51, 64, 72; Stratford Place 72, 73, 74, 112, 132, 134, 152n, 161; Southsea 6n, I6n, 20 n, g8 n, 200; Sussex Place 189; Westgate-on-Sea 79, So, 81; Weymouth 190, 192, 196; visits Winchester with Hardy xxxi, XXXV, 20n

Works (see Appendix III, pp. 2! I-!2) At the Crossing 57; Bad and Wm;thless g8; Bid Me Good-bye xxx, 209; A Brand of Discord 5 I, 58; A Bunch of Cowslips 125; Contrasts 109, I I I ; The Courage of Silence I 20, I 22; A Faithful Failure 95; Foiled 8, 8g, 209; His Best Novel 125; His Excel­lency 20-1, 22; In the Infirmary

INDEX 219

46; In Scarlet and Grey 33 n, 55, 56; Lady Gillian go; The Lonely House on the Moor 73; A Sus­tained (Lost) Illusion 30; Mrs. Livesey 2 I 2; Our Fa tal Shadows I33-4; Outlines xxxii, xxxix, 20-I, 22, 30, 32, 34n, 35-6, 37, 209; Past Mending 93n; Second Fiddle I45, I46n, IS0-2; Sir George 4, 209; Sowing the Sand 70-I ; The Spectre of the Real xxii, 3 n, I 8, 22, 28, 30-I, 32, 33, 34-5, 36, 39 n, s6, I 24; Three Corporals 74, 76, 76-7

Herkomer, Sir Hubert von IS8 Hind, Lewis I24, 125 Hoare, Lady xxxiv, xxxixn, I48,

163 Hobbes, John Oliver, see Craigie Hope, Anthony 46n, gi, 94n, I03,

104, xgon Houghton, Lord (xst Baron, form­

erly Richard Monckton Milnes) xiii, xiv, xv, xvii, xix-xx, xxiv, xxix-xxx, I3, I4, 15, 26-7, 43, 133n, 209

Houghton, Lord (2nd Baron), see Crewe, Lord

Housman, A. E. 109, x86n, 207 Hyatt,A.T. 131 (ThePocketThomas

Hardy)

Ibsen, Henrik I, 4, 57, 78n, g6n Ilchester, Lady xxiv, 49n, 94, 121,

158, 172, I73, 175, 181, 183, 186, 187, x8g, xgo, 208

Ilchester, Lord (1St) 121 n, 131 n, x8gn; (sth) s8, 121, 123-4· 125; (6th) 13I, 172, x8g, xgo

Irving, Henry 5 n, 1 2

James, Henry 61, 6g n, I 10 J eune, Sir Francis 7 n, so, 56, 84,

n6, n8; (LordStHelier) 136n, 1 77

Jeune, Francis (son) I 16, I I8 Jeune, Lady xxiv, xxxix, 2n, 3n,

7, 8, I2, 14, 16, 17-I8, 27, 28, 35, 40, 43, so, s6, 62, 66, 68, 74, 84,

1 I6; (Lady St Helier) 136, 137, 142, x6I, 164, I68, x6g, I85, x86, 208. For her daughter Madeleine, see Stanley

J eune, Mr Symonds (brother of Lord St Helier) 172, 197, 199

Johnson, Lionel 5 I Jones, Henry Arthur 23

Keary, C. F. 21, 35 Kipling, Rudyard 38, 136, I46,

x86n Kubelik, Jan 104

Lane, John 67, 68, n8, 133, 2I I Little, Lady Gwendolen 10, 13 Lodge, Sir Oliver I74-5 Londonderry, Lady xxiv, 49, 66,

94, I8I Lord Mayor of London ('dinner to

literature') 8-g, 1 1 Ludlow Castle 19

McCarthy, Justin xviii, 78, 8I, 82 M'Fall, Mrs David 3 n, 8, 26 Maartens, Maarten 4 Manchester, Duchess of 37-8 marriage 52, I49-50, 182 Masefield, John 197 Max Gate 25-6, 51, 68, 6g, 113,

ng, 142 n, 155, 161, x6g n, I 74, I8o, 183, I84n, I94

Meredith, George xvii, 138-g Merevale xgn, 20, 30 Merriman, Henry Seton 55 Mill, J. S. xxxviii, 45, 46 Miller, Sir Hubert 88 Milman, Lena 4, 5, II, 12, 13 Milton, John (tercentenary) 137-8 Milnes; Monckton, see Houghton

(1st Baron) Milnes Gaskell, Lady Catherine Ig,

23 Money-Coutts, Francis Burdett

n8, I33 Monmouth, Duke of s8 n, I 8 I Montacute House I 13 Morris, Lewis 29 Morley, John (Lord) xvii, 137,

167, 168

220 INDEX

Moule, Charles 39 Moule, Henry]. 92, I 16 Moule, Horace 39 n, 43 n Moulton, Mrs 9, 10, 44

National Gallery 49, 55 Nevill, Lady Dorothy 71, 99 Newbolt, (Sir) Henry 195, 206,

207, 208 Nobel Prize 136n

O'Shea, Kitty 94 n, 207 Otway, Thomas 91 Owen, Rebekah xxx-xxxi, 9 n,

20n, 22-3,24,61 n, 72, 145n, 154 Oxford 6, 15, 27, 45, 177n, 188 The Oxford Book rif English Verse 99

Peel,Julia 13 Perkins, Rev. T. 57, 70, 71, 82 Peterborough Cathedral 59 Phillips, Stephen 91 Phillpotts, Eden I 77 Pinero, Arthur Wing 10, 23n, 37,

78 Pitt-Rivers, General 43, 44, 59 n,

83 Plymouth 161-2 Preston, Harriet 4, 5 Prince Victor Albert I 7- I 8 Princess Ma(r)y of Teck 6n, 7n,

un, 12, 17n; (Queen) 145, 148

Puddletown xxxvii, 44n, 71 n, 87n, 88n, 182n

Queens berry, Lady 5 I

Rehan, Ada 3, 8, 9, I I, 13 Robertson, Sir George 103, 104 Rosebery, Lord 56, 77 Rushmore 43 n, 44, 45 Royal Academy 7, 8, I 46 Royal Society I 25

St Bartholomew's, Smithfield 2, 206

StJuliot, Cornwall 173, 174, 185 Salisbury 70, 8o, 185-6 Sappho 42

Sassoon, Siegfried I 78, 187 n, 197, 200

Scott, Sir Walter 128 Shaftesbury 45, 46, uon, II8 Shelley, Percy Bysshe xxxvi, 14,

15n, 17, 38n, 61, 63, 66, 148 Sheridan, Mrs 59, 158, 200n Shorter, Clement xix, 36n, 38, 51,

157 n, 183 n, 193 Shrewsbury, Lady xx, xxiii, 7, 8, 10 Southampton 8o, 86, 87, 96 Southsea 6n, 16n, 38n, 200 Sparks, Tryphena xxxvi-xxxvii Stafford House 130 Stanley, Dorothy, see Allhusen,

Mrs (2) Stanley, Madeleine 84, 94 n, 108,

109, I 16, 126 Stead, W. T. 57 Steel, Mrs Flora Annie 61 Stephen, Leslie 30 n, I 32 Stevenson, R. L. 69, II o, I I 2 n,

177 Stinsford ('Mellstock') 59, I 2 I n,

I 79, 187, 191, 195 Stonehenge 82, 83, 84 Strafford House, see Aldeburgh Susan, Lady 121, 131 n, 189n Swinburne, A. C. xiv, xvii, 18, 35,

42n, 48, 75, 85, u6, 139, 178 Symons, Arthur 95 Symonds,]. A. 52

Tennyson, Alfred (Lord) 15, 26n, 28n, 105, 141 n

Thackeray, W. M. 2 n, 6, 30 n, u4, 185n, 206

Thompson, Sir Henry 12-13 Thornhill, Miss 52, 68, 87, 132 Thornycroft, Hamo 95-6, I 78 n Tolstoy 8o Tomson, Mrs Arthur 15n Toole,]. L. 4n, 5 Trist, Mr 70, 71 Treves, Sir Frederick 120-1, 133 Turgeneff 68

Up Cerne 22, 25, 31, 201 n

vers libre I 7 4

INDEX 221

vivisection xxii, 61-2, 63, 70, 112, 140, 162, 204, 205

Wakefield, Bishop of 78 Waldegrave, Lady 6o Walkley, A. B. II5n, 120 Walpole, Horace 37, 6on, 71 n,

121 n, 201 war 85,92,99, 114,117-18,166-7,

173, 176 Waterloo 54n, 55, 114, 135 Watson, William 101, 118, 133, 174 Wedmore, Frederick 43, 96, 125,

171 Wells, H. G. 149-50

Wenlock 19 Wessex (dog) 162, 165, 171, 175,

180, 187, 189, 190, 196, 200 Weymouth 25, 95, 118, 150, 155,

171, 175, 179n, 182, 189, 190, 191 n, 192, 196

Whymper, Edward 65 Wimborne, Lady 61, 92 Winchester xxxi, xxxv, 20 n, 96 Winchester, Lord 6o, 75, 89 Wister, Owen 127 Wood, Sir Evelyn 94

Zangwill, Israel 4 n Zola, Emile 27, 29, 61, 63