The King of Persia during Daniel’s time:

Dan. 11:2 – Now I will announce the truth to you. Three more kings shall arise in Persia. The fourth shall be far richer than all of them, and when he has become strong through his riches, he shall stir up all against the kingdom of Greece.

The King of Persia during Daniel’s time:

Cyrus (551 – 530)

Cambyses (530 – 522)

Gaumata (Pseudo-Smerdis (522))

Darius (522 – 486)

Xerxes (486 – 464)

Three more kings:

The strong and rich king:

Dan. 11:3 – Then a warrior king shall arise, who shall rule with great dominion and take action as he pleases.

Alexander the Great (336 – 323)

Dan. 11:4 – And while still rising in power, his kingdom shall be broken and divided toward the four winds of heaven, but not to his posterity, nor according to the dominion with which he ruled; for his kingdom shall be uprooted and go to others besides these.

The Division of Alexander’s Empire

Seleucus

AntigonusCassander

Ptolemy

Dan 11:5 – Then the king of the south shall grow strong, but one of his officers shall grow stronger than he and shall rule a realm greater than his own realm.

Seleucus

Antigonus

Ptolemy I (322-285)

Claimed to be true Pharaoh

Buried the body of Alexander

Ptolemy


Ptolemy

Seleucus

Antigonus

Ptolemy I (322-285)

Seleucus I (321-289)

Lieutenant under Ptolemy

Satrap of Mesopotamia

Ptolemy


Ptolemy

Seleucus

Antigonus

Ptolemy I (322-285)


315: Antigonus drove out Seleucus

Ptolemy

312: Ptolemy helped defeat Antigonus – and reinstate Seleucus


Ptolemy

Seleucus

Antigonus

Ptolemy I (322-285)



312: Ptolemy helped defeat Antigonus – and reinstate Seleucus

Ptolemy

309: Seleucus wound up with more than he had controlled before


Ptolemy

Seleucus

Antigonus

Ptolemy I (322-285)



312: Ptolemy help defeat Antigonus – and reinstate Seleucus

309: Seleucus wound up with more than he had controlled before

Ptolemy


Seleucus

Ptolemy

Dan 11:6 – After some years they shall make an alliance, and the daughter of the king of the south shall come to the king of the north to ratify the agreement. But she shall not retain her power, and his offspring shall not endure. She shall be given up, she and her attendants and her child and the one who supported her.

Coronated in full Egyptian style

Followed Egyptian custom of marrying his full sister, Arsenoë

285-246: Ptolemy II Philadelphos


289-261: Antiochus I Soter

274-271: First Syrian War – Antiochus lost territory to Ptolemy




261-246: Antiochus II Theos

260: Second Syrian War

248: Marriage Treaty: Berenice

246: Laodice poisoned Antiochus, Berenice, and her son

Dan 11:7 – But from a branch of her roots one shall arise in his place, who shall come with an army, enter the fortress of the king of the North, and deal with them and prevail.



260: Second Syrian War

248: Marriage Treaty: Berenice

246: Laodice poisoned Antiochus, Berenice, and her son


246-222: Ptolemy III Euergetes







246-226: Seleucus II Caninicus







246-241: Third Syrian War – to avenge death of Berenice

Dan 11:8 – And he shall also carry their gods captive to Egypt, with their princes [or, molded images] and their precious articles of silver and gold; and he shall continue more years than the king of the North.




Dan 11:8 – And he shall also carry their gods captive to Egypt, with their princes [or, molded images] and their precious articles of silver and gold; and he shall continue more years than the king of the North.




241: Ptolemy carried home great wealth

Dan 11:9 – then the latter shall invade the realm of the king of the south, but will return to his own land.









Dan 11:9 – then the latter shall invade the realm of the king of the south, but will return to his own land.

240: Seleucus’ attempts to retaliate failed





Dan 11:10 – His sons shall wage war and assemble a multitude of great forces, which shall advance like a flood and pass through, and again shall carry the war as far as his fortress.

240: Seleucus’ attempts to retaliate failed



226-223: Seleucus III Ceraunus




Assassinated early in his reign




222-205: Ptolemy IV Philopater







223-187: Antiochus III the Great




219: Antiochus launched 4th Syrian War

Dan 11:11 – Moved with rage, the king of the south shall go out and do battle against the king of the north, who shall muster a great multitude, which shall, however, be defeated by his enemy.








217: Lost decisive battle at Raphia; peace in 211









Dan 11:12 – When the multitude has been carried off, his heart shall be exalted, and he shall overthrow tens of thousands, but he shall not prevail.





Dan 11:12 – When the multitude has been carried off, his heart shall be exalted, and he shall overthrow tens of thousands, but he shall not prevail.


211: Ptolemy persecuted the Jewish people




Dan 11:13 – For the king of the north shall again raise a multitude, larger than the former, and after some years he shall advance with a great army and abundant supplies.


211: Ptolemy persecuted the Jewish people



Dan 11:13 – For the king of the north shall again raise a multitude, larger than the former, and after some years he shall advance with a great army and abundant supplies.

211-205: Antiochus builds up his army and his strength in the east



Dan 11:14 – In those times many shall rise against the king of the south. The lawless among your own people shall lift themselves up in order to fulfill the vision, but they shall fail.





Dan 11:14 – In those times many shall rise against the king of the south. The lawless among your own people shall lift themselves up in order to fulfill the vision, but they shall fail.

Ptolemy dealt with unsuccessful Jewish rebellions




Dan 11:15 – Then the king of the north shall come and throw up siegeworks, and take a well-fortified city. And the forces of the south shall not stand, not even his picked troops, for there shall be no strength to resist.


205-180: Ptolemy V Epiphanes













202-199: The Fifth Syrian War – Antiochus controls Syria, Judah, and Pan, a fortified city.



Dan 11:16 – But he who comes against him shall take the actions he pleases, and no one shall withstand him. He shall take a position in the beautiful land, and all of it shall be in his power.




Dan 11:16 – But he who comes against him shall take the actions he pleases, and no one shall withstand him. He shall take a position in the beautiful land, and all of it shall be in his power.


Antiochus controlled Jerusalem and was generally welcomed as a savior



Dan 11:17 – He shall set his mind to come with the strength of his whole kingdom, and he shall bring terms of peace and perform them. In order to destroy the kingdom, he shall give him a woman in marriage; but it shall not succeed or be to his advantage.


Antiochus controlled Jerusalem and was generally welcomed as a savior




197: Peace treaty based on marriage of Antiochus’ daughter Cleopatra to Ptolemy

The Rosetta Stone, found by Napoleon’s army about 1800 a.d., was a record of the wedding celebration of Cleopatra to Ptolemy V of Egypt









She persuaded Ptolemy to ally with Rome rather than her father



Dan 11:18 – Afterward he shall turn to the coastlands, and shall capture many. But a commander shall put an end to his insolence; indeed, he shall turn his insolence back upon him.


She persuaded Ptolemy to ally with Rome rather than her father



Dan 11:18 – Afterward he shall turn to the coastlands, and shall capture many. But a commander shall put an end to his insolence; indeed, he shall turn his insolence back upon him.

197: Antiochus reasserted his control of Asia Minor196 – 192: He tried to push the Romans out of Greece

188: Finally defeated and humiliated by Rome



Dan 11:19 – Then he shall turn back toward the fortresses of his own land, but he shall stumble and fall, and shall not be found.

197: Antiochus reasserted his control of Asia Minor196 – 192: He tried to push the Romans out of Greece

188: Finally defeated and humiliated by Rome



Dan 11:19 – Then he shall turn back toward the fortresses of his own land, but he shall stumble and fall, and shall not be found.

188: Peace of Apameia enforced onerous terms on Antiochus

187: Antiochus murdered trying to rob a temple in Susa to pay reparations

Documents

The King of Persia during Daniel’s time: