Upload
furrlibrarian
View
1.430
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
ReviewPart I
The Judicial Branch
1.What is the purpose of the Judicial Branch?
To interpret the laws as they apply to the constitution.
2. Who appoints the members of the Supreme Court?
The President
3. Who approves or rejects the appointments?
The Senate
4. What check and balance does the supreme Court have over the executive and legislative branches?
Invalidating laws it decides are unconstitutional?
5. For how long is an appointment to the supreme court?
For life
6. What condition does the constitution impose on judges in order to hold their offices?
Good behavior
7. How many Supreme Court Justices have been impeached?
one
8. What is the difference between being a judge and a justice?
None
9. What are two examples of influential supreme Court decisions?
Dred Scott v Sandford 1857Brown v the board of Education of Topeka,
Kansas 1954
10. What did the Dred Scott v Sandford decision say?That in all states slaves were considered
property of their owners
11. Why was this influential?It was one of the causes of the Civil War
12. What did Brown v the Board of Education of Topeka Kansas say?It outlawed public school racial
discrimination
13. Why was this influential?It sparked the modern civil rights movent
14. How does the President check and balance the Supreme Court?
By appointing the judges
15. How does the Senate check and balance the Supreme Court?
By accepting or rejecting court appointments
16. How was the Supreme Court established?
By Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution
17. How were the lower courts established?Inferior state courts were established by
CongressState courts were established by State
governments
18. What are the courts under the Supreme Court?Appeals CourtsDistrict courtsState and other lower courts
19. Why are these courts called “inferior?”Because they can be overruled by the
Supreme Court
20. What is Judicial Review?The authority of the Supreme Court to
examine the actions of the legislative and executive branches to ensure that they are constitutional
The ruling on decisions of lower courts when those decisions are challenged or “appealed”
21. What did the Marbury v Madison in 1803 say?
Any act of Congress which conflicts with the constitution is null and void
The supreme court is the supreme interpreter of the constituion
22. How many Supreme Court justices are there?
9
23. What is the voting structure of the Supreme Court?
A majority vote of the entire court is decisiveA tie vote sustains a decision of a lower
(“inferior”) courtOne vote one justice
24. What is the supreme court’s jurisdiction?Original – cases the supreme court hears
for the first time involving controversies between states, state and federal government, states and citizens and others involving admiralty and maritime issues.
Appellate – cases that have worked their way through the inferior courts. Here the Supreme considers questions of constitutionality and can at its discretion review other court decisions.
25. How is it decided which cases the Supreme Court will hear among thousands of petitions?
Four justices must vote in favor of doing so
Part II
26. What are two types of legal cases?
Civil cases and criminal cases
27. Who brings cases against people accused of breaking the law (criminal cases)?
The government
28. What are civil cases?Cases brought by one party against
another over things like broken contracts and non-criminal property damage of injury
29. What is Juvenile Court?The court where minors go if they break
the law
30. What are the two basic court systems in the U.S?
Federal and State
31. What cases are covered by State Courts?
Those dealing with state laws and state constitutions
32. Where are the vast majority of cases both civil and criminal dealt with?State Courts
33. Where are cases first heard?State trial courts
34. What is a trial?A hearing where each side argues its case
before a judge or a jury
35. What does the loser of a case do if he isn’t satisfied by the outcome of a trial?
Appeal it
36. What is an appeal?When a higher court is asked to review a
case
37. What if the loser in a case does not like the outcome from a state appeals court?
It can be appealed to a State Supreme Court
38. What do appeals courts and supreme courts have instead of juries?
Panels of judges
39. What kind of cases are heard by Federal Courts?
Those having to do with laws that apply to the whole country, including civil cases involving federal law
Disputes between citizens of different statesThose involving federal crimes.
40. What are federal crimes?Violations of the U.S. Constitution or of laws
passed by Congress
41. What are the 3 levels of Federal Courts?
Federal District Courts (Circuit Courts)Federal Courts of AppealsThe Supreme Court
42. How many regions (or circuits) are there for Federal District Courts?
12
43. About how many cases does the Supreme Court hear per year?
100