The Inca Empire developed in theAndes mountainsof South America.

The Incas had originally settledin a valley of theAndes mountainsaround 1100 A.D.

By 1400,the Incabegan

extendingtheir ruleacross

the Andes.

The Incasruled anempire

coveringmuch

of present-day Peru,Ecuador,

Bolivia, andChile.

The Incas builtroads over

10,000 milesto unite theirvast empire.

One Incan roadwas 2,500 miles

long!

The Incas built their capital, Cuzco,high in the Andes mountains.

The ruins of the ancient Incan capitalare found in present-day Peru.

Unlike the Maya, the Inca neverdeveloped a form of writing. Butthey did keep records by using

a quipu or knotted rope to countand send messages.

The Incas alsoinvented the

crowbar, whichis an iron bar

used as a lever.

Incan doctors set broken bonesand even knew how to perform

brain surgery!They also developed

medicines from plants.

The Incas were very advanced. Theyconstructed buildings without mortar

or cement. Instead, bricks fitted together perfectly.

The Incas also built elaborate terracesto farm on mountains.

It is importantto rememberthat the Incas

built a vastempire onmountains.

They grew enoughfood to providefor all subjectsof the empire.

The Incaruler was

known as theSapa Inca.

All landbelonged to theSapa Inca. But

he let othersfarm it and

pay taxes tothe state.

Though the Sapa Inca was considereda god, all people in the Inca Empire

were provided for. The sick, the elderly, and the orphan were cared for.

But in 1533, a small group of Spaniardsled by Francisco Pizarro attacked and

destroyed this mighty empire.

The Incas

Location

Achievements

Roads

Sapa Inca

Agriculture