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The importance of WFD in the International Context
Some considerations
Focus of the presentation
WFD within the global context; WFD and the EU Water
Initiative; WFD and the Marine Strategy:
linking the freshwater and marine agenda’s;
WFD and the Regional Seas.
WFD in the global context
WSSD and Millennium development goals:
IWRM Water supply and sanitation;
CSD focus on water; UNEP’s GMEF; UN-SG Millennium taskforce; Several partnerships launched at WSSD,
e.g. US/Japan “Clean Water for people”
The challenge
• Water is a human right (29th session of Committee on economic, social and cultural rights, November 2002);
• Water is at the top of the international sustainable development agenda;
The major challenge is implementation. Theory and best practices available, e.g.
Monterrey, Camdessus report, documentation produced for EU-WI, WWF2, Bonn conference, WWF3….
WSSD IWRM target
IWRM: Develop IWRM and water efficiency plans by 2005;
IWRM and WFD; Implementing the WSSD target could
greatly benefit from the EU experience;
Need to define the key elements of IWRM plans, e.g. within the framework of EUWI.
Water supply and sanitation targets
Implementation of targets should be linked;
A holistic approach should be taken – not only taps and household sanitary services;
Financing and governance are major issues (see WFD);
Health issues are major concern: 1.1 billion – no access to safe drinking water, 2.4 billion no sanitation, 2 million die each year
Water supply and sanitation
European experience can not be exported without modification;
Development policy in EU: > 100 years; developing countries: 12 years;
2-3% GNP: Kenya 1024 years; 30 billion US$/year required; > 80% public investment; PPP?; Region-specific and step-wise
approaches should be developed;
Water supply and sanitation
Demand driven approaches; Appropriate technology; Appropriate financing,
including water service pricing; Regulation and legislation; Institutional set-up; Stakeholders involvement;
Water supply and sanitation
UNEP/WHO/Habitat/WSSCC key principles and checklists;
Water supply and sanitation remains a challenge, also for the EU and the Med region.
B-a-u is no longer an option, including financing, technology, and management;
WFD and EU water initiative
Others much better qualified to speak on the topic;
UNEP applauds initiative, with its initial focus on Africa – home of UNEP HQ
Focus: Water supply and sanitation,
IWRM, financing; Integrated approach of WFD
should not be forgotten
WFD and the marine strategy
Population concentration in coastal zones
Marine pollution
80% of all marine pollution
comes from land-based activities!
Global Programme of Action
for the
Protection of the Marine Environment From Land-
based Activities
Linking the fresh and salt water agenda’s
WFD: addresses inland surface water, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater;
US clean water act (1972): addresses fresh and coastal water;
International: Fresh and salt water agenda’s are not as yet linked (see WSSD, CSD, IYFW);
Traditional institutional divide reflected in international agenda.
Linking the fresh and saltwater agenda’s
EU marine strategy: addresses marine issues;
WFD addresses fresh and coastal issues Connection and interrelation between
two major pieces of EU legislation is vital;
Also at the international level, EU could take a lead role in the coming 2 years, conform WFD.
MAP
Need for integration and cooperation METAP; SMAP and MEDA; MAP; EIB, Life, etc.
The Mediterranean could show the way how to turn the promises of WSSD into reality.
Visit the GPA clearing-house!
www.gpa.unep.org
Thank you