The Importance of Refereed The Importance of Refereed Publications to Research and Publications to Research and

Education: A Personal Education: A Personal ExperienceExperience

Presentation at the Consortium on Presentation at the Consortium on

Core Electronic Resources in Taiwan Core Electronic Resources in Taiwan (CONCERT)(CONCERT)

James M. Tien, Ph.D., NAEJames M. Tien, Ph.D., NAE

Yamada Corporation ProfessorYamada Corporation Professor

Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteRensselaer Polytechnic Institute

November 16, 2006November 16, 2006

2

OutlineOutline•About My CareerAbout My Career•About PublicationsAbout Publications•About My ResearchAbout My Research•About TaiwanAbout Taiwan•Concluding RemarksConcluding Remarks

3

About My Career: About My Career: EducationEducation

• 9/62‑6/66 B.E.E., Electrical Engineering, 9/62‑6/66 B.E.E., Electrical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)

• 9/66‑9/67 S.M., Electrical & Systems 9/66‑9/67 S.M., Electrical & Systems Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Technology (MIT)

• 9/69‑6/70 E.E., Electrical & Systems 9/69‑6/70 E.E., Electrical & Systems Engineering, MIT Engineering, MIT

• 9/70‑6/72 Ph.D., Systems Engineering & 9/70‑6/72 Ph.D., Systems Engineering & Operations Research, MIT Operations Research, MIT

From An Electrical Engineer To A Systems From An Electrical Engineer To A Systems Engineer To An Information and Decision Engineer To An Information and Decision Systems Engineer: Publications Have Served As Systems Engineer: Publications Have Served As A Resource and As A RepositoryA Resource and As A Repository For For Educational Projects and ThesesEducational Projects and Theses

4

About My Career: About My Career: IndustrialIndustrial• 6/66‑9/696/66‑9/69 Member of Technical Staff, Member of Technical Staff, Bell Bell

Telephone LaboratoriesTelephone Laboratories (6/66‑9/67, Bell Labs (6/66‑9/67, Bell Labs Fellow; 9/67‑9/69, Full-Time) Fellow; 9/67‑9/69, Full-Time)

• 6/70‑9/736/70‑9/73 Researcher/Project Director, Researcher/Project Director, The The Rand CorporationRand Corporation (6/70‑6/72, Consultant; (6/70‑6/72, Consultant; 6/72‑9/73, Full-Time)6/72‑9/73, Full-Time)

• 9/73‑3/759/73‑3/75 Senior Scientist/Area Director, Senior Scientist/Area Director, Urban Systems Research & Engineering Urban Systems Research & Engineering

• 3/75‑Pres Vice President and Principal, 3/75‑Pres Vice President and Principal, Structured Decisions Corporation Structured Decisions Corporation

Building On Content of Existing Publications, Building On Content of Existing Publications, Authored Or Co-Authored At Least One Paper Authored Or Co-Authored At Least One Paper Per Major ProjectPer Major Project

5

About My Career: About My Career: AcademicAcademic• 9/69‑6/729/69‑6/72 Teaching Assistant/Instructor, MIT Teaching Assistant/Instructor, MIT

• 9/73‑6/779/73‑6/77 Visiting Lecturer (Part-Time), MIT Visiting Lecturer (Part-Time), MIT • 7/77-6/81 Associate Professor, Electrical Computer 7/77-6/81 Associate Professor, Electrical Computer

& Systems Engineering (ECSE), RPI& Systems Engineering (ECSE), RPI• 7/81-6/87 Associate Professor (with Tenure), ECSE, 7/81-6/87 Associate Professor (with Tenure), ECSE,

RPIRPI• 9/86-8/87 Acting Department Head, ECSE, RPI9/86-8/87 Acting Department Head, ECSE, RPI• 7/87-Pres.7/87-Pres. Professor, ECSE, RPIProfessor, ECSE, RPI• 7/88-Pres.7/88-Pres. Professor and Chair, Decision Sciences & Professor and Chair, Decision Sciences &

Engineering Systems (DSES), RPIEngineering Systems (DSES), RPI• 8/92-6/948/92-6/94 Acting Dean, School of Engineering, RPIActing Dean, School of Engineering, RPI

• 4/98-10/99 Acting Dean, School of Engineering, RPI4/98-10/99 Acting Dean, School of Engineering, RPI

• 11/02-Pres. Yamada Corporation Professor11/02-Pres. Yamada Corporation ProfessorBuilding On Content of Existing Publications, Building On Content of Existing Publications,

Authored Or Co-Authored At Least Four Papers Per Authored Or Co-Authored At Least Four Papers Per YearYear

6

About My Career: VolunteerAbout My Career: VolunteerIn Professional Organizations, Esp. IEEE In Professional Organizations, Esp. IEEE (In (In

Red)Red)Members

(1966 – Present)

Board of Directors(2001 – 2004)

ExCom (2001 – 2004)& Other Committees

(1990 – Present)

Publication(1987 – Present)

Technical(1983 – Present)

Educational(2003 – Present)

Regional(1986 – Present)

StandardsAssociation

IEEE-USA(1989 – Present)

Executive Director & Staff

7

About My Career: Publications’ About My Career: Publications’ ImpactImpact

• 1991 1991 Fellow, IEEEFellow, IEEE

• 1993 1993 American Society for Engineering Education American Society for Engineering Education Centennial AwardCentennial Award

• 1998 1998 IEEE/SMC Joseph G. Wohl Outstanding Career AwardIEEE/SMC Joseph G. Wohl Outstanding Career Award

• 2000 2000 IEEE Third Millennium MedalIEEE Third Millennium Medal

• 2000 2000 IEEE Major Educational Innovation AwardIEEE Major Educational Innovation Award

• 2001 Elected to 2001 Elected to US National Academy of EngineeringUS National Academy of Engineering

• 2002 2002 Fellow, Institute for Operations Research and Fellow, Institute for Operations Research and Management Management Science Science

• 2002 2002 Yamada Corporation Professor,Yamada Corporation Professor, RPI RPI

• 2004 2004 Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of ScienceScience

• 2004 2004 IEEE Norbert Wiener AwardIEEE Norbert Wiener Award

• 2005 2005 IBM Faculty AwardIBM Faculty Award 2 Edited Books, 121 Refereed Publications, & 124 Other 2 Edited Books, 121 Refereed Publications, & 124 Other

Articles/Editorials (Articles/Editorials (Especially in IEEE Publication Venues)Especially in IEEE Publication Venues) Have Contributed Significantly to My Above RecognitionsHave Contributed Significantly to My Above Recognitions

8

About Publications: From Data To Wisdom

DATA INFORMATION

KNOWLEDGE

WISDOM

Operational

Tactical

Strategic

Systemic

Publications Process Data Into Information/Knowledge/Wisdom

Data: Basic observation; measurements, transactions, etc.

Information: Processed data; derivations, groupings, patterns, etc.

Knowledge: Processed information plus experiences, beliefs, values, culture; explicit, tacit/conscious, unconscious.

Wisdom: Processed knowledge plus insight and assessment over time and space; theories, etc.

TODAY: We Are In A Data Rich, Information Poor (DRIP) – Not Knowledge – Economy

NOTE: Google Searches Yield Data; Publications Yield Information/Knowledge/Wisdom

9

About Publications: From Text To About Publications: From Text To

MultimediaMultimedia

•Conference ProceedingsConference Proceedings•Journals/TransactionsJournals/Transactions•Monographs/BooksMonographs/Books•Standards Standards •Electronic LibraryElectronic Library•Multimedia Educational Multimedia Educational

CoursesCourses

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About Publications: IEEE Expert Now Course About Publications: IEEE Expert Now Course ModulesModules

• Consistent Graphical Consistent Graphical User InterfaceUser Interface

• Template-Driven Course Template-Driven Course DesignDesign

• Links to External ResourcesLinks to External Resources

• Consistent Look & FeelConsistent Look & Feel

• Engaging, Interactive Engaging, Interactive AnimationsAnimations

• Offers Prestigious IEEE Offers Prestigious IEEE Continuing Education Units Continuing Education Units (CEUs)(CEUs)

• Professional Engineers, Professional Engineers, Faculty and Students Need Faculty and Students Need To Update Their Knowledge To Update Their Knowledge Through Educational Through Educational ModulesModules

11

About Publications: IEEE Xplore About Publications: IEEE Xplore PlatformPlatform

More than 1.2 million articles Over 5 million downloads a month

12

About Publications: ImpactsAbout Publications: Impacts• Publisher ImpactsPublisher Impacts: :

Commercial (Increasingly Employ “Paid” Reviewers)Commercial (Increasingly Employ “Paid” Reviewers)

Professional Organizations (Employ Volunteer Reviewers)Professional Organizations (Employ Volunteer Reviewers)

Company or Self-Publishing (None To Extensive Reviews)Company or Self-Publishing (None To Extensive Reviews)

• Research ImpactsResearch Impacts: Publications Inform Research; : Publications Inform Research; In Turn, Published Findings Add To Research In Turn, Published Findings Add To Research KnowledgeKnowledge

• Educational ImpactsEducational Impacts: Publications Inform : Publications Inform Education; In Turn, Published Research Findings Education; In Turn, Published Research Findings Add To Educational Knowledge Add To Educational Knowledge

• Other ImpactsOther Impacts: Promotions/Tenures, Research : Promotions/Tenures, Research Funding, Awards, Patents, Graduate Funding, Awards, Patents, Graduate Student/Post-Doc ApplicationsStudent/Post-Doc Applications

13

About Publications: IEEE ScopeAbout Publications: IEEE Scope National Academy of Engineering’s top 20 engineering achievements

in the 20th Century:1. Electrification* 11. Highways2. Automobile* 12. Spacecraft*3. Airplane* 13. Internet*4. Water Supply and Distribution 14. Imaging*5. Electronics* 15. Household Appliances*6. Radio and Television* 16. Health Technologies7. Agricultural Mechanization 17. Petroleum and

Petrochemical 8. Computers* 18. Laser and Fiber Optics*9. Telephone* 19. Nuclear Technologies

10.Air Conditioning/Refrigeration* 20. High-Performance Materials

* 13 of Top 20 Achievements Within IEEE Scope! Possible additional achievements in the early 21st Century:

21. Information Technology* 22. Nanotechnology (Nanomaterials, Nanotubes, Nanoelectronics)*

23.“Technobiology” (Bioinformatics, DNA Chips, Body Parts)* * All 3 Additional Achievements Also Within IEEE Scope!

14

About Publications: Peer About Publications: Peer ReviewReview• Background: Peer Review Began With 1665’s Publication Background: Peer Review Began With 1665’s Publication

of of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal SocietyPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society• Purpose (Based On Personal Experience As An IEEE Editor Purpose (Based On Personal Experience As An IEEE Editor

And Reviewer From 1977 To Present):And Reviewer From 1977 To Present):Provide Feedback to AuthorsProvide Feedback to Authors Improve Manuscript Improve Manuscript Ensure Quality, Relevance and TimelinessEnsure Quality, Relevance and TimelinessAvoid Misconduct (Plagiarism, Falsification, Avoid Misconduct (Plagiarism, Falsification,

Fabrication, Duplication)Fabrication, Duplication)Assess Readership’s Interest in Manuscript Assess Readership’s Interest in Manuscript

• Process:Process:Open (Authors/Reviewers Known To Each Other) Open (Authors/Reviewers Known To Each Other)

Versus Closed (Anonymous Reviewers or Double Blind Versus Closed (Anonymous Reviewers or Double Blind Reviews)Reviews)

Paid Versus Unpaid ReviewerPaid Versus Unpaid Reviewer• While Not Perfect, Peer Review Remains The Most While Not Perfect, Peer Review Remains The Most

Successful Approach And Has Withstood The Test of TimeSuccessful Approach And Has Withstood The Test of Time

15

About Publications: Electronic About Publications: Electronic ReviewReview • For Open-Access Journals (E.G., 60 Titles in BioMed For Open-Access Journals (E.G., 60 Titles in BioMed

Central), Possible 2-Step Peer Review:Central), Possible 2-Step Peer Review:1. Reviewing: Open Peer Community Blog Type 1. Reviewing: Open Peer Community Blog Type

DiscussionDiscussion2. Refereeing: Anonymous Expert Review of Revised 2. Refereeing: Anonymous Expert Review of Revised

SubmissionSubmission• Possible Continuous Review/Comments Following Possible Continuous Review/Comments Following

“Publication” – Problem Is To Identify Definitive/Archival “Publication” – Problem Is To Identify Definitive/Archival VersionVersion

• Possible Automated Assessment of Journal Quality, Based Possible Automated Assessment of Journal Quality, Based On:On:Submission RateSubmission RatePublication RatePublication RateCitation RateCitation RateAccess Or Usage RateAccess Or Usage RateTime Between Submission and PublicationTime Between Submission and Publication Journal Impact FactorJournal Impact Factor

While Helpful in Some Respects (E. G., Plagiarism While Helpful in Some Respects (E. G., Plagiarism Detection), Electronic Review May Facilitate Other Detection), Electronic Review May Facilitate Other Inappropriate Actions (E. G., Easy Saving/Accessing Inappropriate Actions (E. G., Easy Saving/Accessing Unpublished But Reviewed Manuscript)Unpublished But Reviewed Manuscript)

16

About Publications: Impact About Publications: Impact MeasuresMeasures • Journal Impact Factor: Journal Impact Factor:

Based on Journal Citation Report (JCR), a product of Based on Journal Citation Report (JCR), a product of Thomson’s Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)Thomson’s Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)

It provides a means for ranking, evaluating, categorizing, and It provides a means for ranking, evaluating, categorizing, and comparing journalscomparing journals

It measures the frequency with which the "average article" in It measures the frequency with which the "average article" in a journal has been cited in a particular year or period a journal has been cited in a particular year or period

• Annual Researcher Productivity Is Sometimes:Annual Researcher Productivity Is Sometimes: Based On Article CitationBased On Article Citation Weighted By Journal Impact FactorWeighted By Journal Impact Factor Normalized By Number of AuthorsNormalized By Number of Authors

• Problem With Above Researcher Productivity Measure:Problem With Above Researcher Productivity Measure: Article Citation Is Oblivious About “Who, Why and How”Article Citation Is Oblivious About “Who, Why and How” Journal Impact Factor Is Highly Variable From Year-to-YearJournal Impact Factor Is Highly Variable From Year-to-Year It Emphasizes Short Term Productivity And Frequent It Emphasizes Short Term Productivity And Frequent

PublicationsPublications It Discourages Collaborative Efforts And Multiply-Authored It Discourages Collaborative Efforts And Multiply-Authored

PublicationsPublications Although Helpful in Several Respects, Publication-Based Although Helpful in Several Respects, Publication-Based

Measures Of Researcher Productivity Should Be Employed With Measures Of Researcher Productivity Should Be Employed With Caution; A Multi-Criteria Approach Would Be More Appropriate Caution; A Multi-Criteria Approach Would Be More Appropriate And Valid And Valid

17

About My Research: From Agriculture To About My Research: From Agriculture To ServicesServices

Stages in A Nation’s Economic DevelopmentStages in A Nation’s Economic Development

CharacteristicsCharacteristics MechanicalMechanical ElectricalElectrical InformationInformation

•Economic FocusEconomic Focus Agriculture;Agriculture; Manufacturing;Manufacturing; ServicesServices MiningMining Construction Construction

•Underlying Underlying Mechanical Mechanical ElectromechanicalElectromechanical Information/Information/ TechnologyTechnology Tools Tools Machines Machines CommunicationCommunication

•Productivity FocusProductivity Focus FarmingFarming FactoryFactory KnowledgeKnowledge•Human PowerHuman Power Muscle Muscle Muscle/Brain Muscle/Brain Brain Brain •Living StandardLiving Standard SubsistenceSubsistence Quality of GoodsQuality of Goods Quality of LifeQuality of Life•Impact ScopeImpact Scope FamilyFamily NationNation WorldWorld•Onset in U.S.Onset in U.S. Late 1700sLate 1700s Late 1800sLate 1800s Late 1900sLate 1900s

18

IndustriesIndustries Employment (M)Employment (M) PercentPercent

Trade, Transportation & UtilitiesTrade, Transportation & Utilities 26.1M26.1M 19.0%19.0%

Professional & BusinessProfessional & Business 17.217.2 12.612.6

Health CareHealth Care 14.814.8 10.810.8

Leisure & HospitalityLeisure & Hospitality 13.013.0 9.59.5

EducationEducation 13.013.0 9.59.5

Government (Except Education)Government (Except Education) 11.711.7 8.58.5

Finance, Insurance & Real EstateFinance, Insurance & Real Estate 8.38.3 6.16.1

Information & TelecommunicationInformation & Telecommunication 3.13.1 2.22.2

OtherOther 5.45.4 3.93.9

SERVICES SECTORSERVICES SECTOR 112.6112.6 82.182.1

ManufacturingManufacturing 14.314.3 10.310.3

ConstructionConstruction 7.57.5 5.55.5

AgricultureAgriculture 2.22.2 1.61.6

MiningMining 0.70.7 0.50.5

GOODS SECTORGOODS SECTOR 24.724.7 17.917.9

TOTALTOTAL 137.3137.3 100.0100.0

About My Research: U. S. Employment, 2004

19

About My Research: Services Versus About My Research: Services Versus ManufacturingManufacturing

FOCUSFOCUS SERVICESSERVICES PRODUCTSPRODUCTS

ProductionProduction CCo-Producedo-Produced PPre-Producedre-Produced

VariabilityVariability HHeterogeneouseterogeneous IIdenticaldentical

PhysicalityPhysicality IIntangiblentangible TTangibleangible

ProductProduct PPerishableerishable IInventoryablenventoryable

ObjectiveObjective PPersonalizableersonalizable RReliableeliable

SatisfactionSatisfaction EExpectation-Relatedxpectation-Related UUtility-Relatedtility-Related

Life CycleLife Cycle RReusableeusable RRecyclableecyclable

OVERALLOVERALL CHIPPERCHIPPER PITIRURPITIRUR

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About My Research: From Traditional To Electronic About My Research: From Traditional To Electronic ServicesServices

Commerce In ServicesCommerce In Services

IssueIssue TraditionalTraditional ElectronicElectronic

• Co-Production MediumCo-Production Medium PhysicalPhysical ElectronicElectronic

• AvailabilityAvailability Working HoursWorking Hours AnytimeAnytime

• AccessAccess Specific LocationSpecific Location AnywhereAnywhere

• Market AreaMarket Area RegionalRegional WorldwideWorldwide

• Labor RequirementLabor Requirement HighHigh LowLow

• Inventory RequirementInventory Requirement HighHigh LowLow

• Self-Service RequirementSelf-Service Requirement LowLow HighHigh

• Transaction SpeedTransaction Speed

RequirementRequirement LowLow HighHigh

• Computing RequirementComputing Requirement LowLow HighHigh

21

About My Research: From Steady State About My Research: From Steady State To Real-Time – Towards Decision To Real-Time – Towards Decision

InformaticsInformatics

• Disciplinary Core: 1) Data Fusion/Analysis; 2) Decision Modeling; 3) Systems Engineering

• Applications Core: 4) Global Services; 5) Global Manufacturing.

• Decision Informatics: A problem solving paradigm that is decision-driven, information-based, real-time, human-centered, and computationally-intensive – especially relevant for electronic services

Multiple Data

Sources

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

Real-TimeDecision

FUSION/ANALYSIS

MODELING

AbstractedInformatio

n

22

About My Research: Degrees of About My Research: Degrees of CustomizationCustomization

• CustomizationCustomization: Meeting the needs of a : Meeting the needs of a customer market that is partitioned into an customer market that is partitioned into an appropriate number of segments, each appropriate number of segments, each with similar needs, e.g., Amazon.com’s with similar needs, e.g., Amazon.com’s book recommendationsbook recommendations

• Mass CustomizationMass Customization: Meeting the needs of : Meeting the needs of a segmented customer market, with each a segmented customer market, with each segment being a single individual, e.g., segment being a single individual, e.g., tailor who delivers a uniquely fitted jackettailor who delivers a uniquely fitted jacket

• Real-Time Mass CustomizationReal-Time Mass Customization: Meeting : Meeting the needs of an individualized customer the needs of an individualized customer market on a real-time basis, e.g., tailor market on a real-time basis, e.g., tailor who delivers a uniquely fitted jacket within who delivers a uniquely fitted jacket within a reasonable period while the individual is a reasonable period while the individual is waitingwaiting

23

About My Research: Back To The About My Research: Back To The FutureFuture

U.S. U.S. Onset Onset PerioPeriod d

GoodsGoods ServicesServices

TypesTypes CustomizatioCustomization Leveln Level

TypeType CustomizatioCustomization Leveln Level

Late Late 1700s1700s

MinimMinimal al

Mass Mass CustomizedCustomized

MinimalMinimal Mass Mass CustomizeCustomizedd

Late Late 1800s1800s

FewFew Mass Mass ProducedProduced

FewFew StandardizedStandardized

Late Late 1900s1900s

ManyMany Partially Partially CustomizedCustomized

ManyMany Partially Partially CustomizeCustomizedd

Early Early 2000s2000s

ManyMany Partially Mass Partially Mass CustomizedCustomized

ManyMany Partially Partially Mass Mass CustomizeCustomizedd

Mid Mid 2000s2000s

InfiniteInfinite Real-Time Real-Time Mass Mass CustomizedCustomized

InfiniteInfinite Real-Time Real-Time Mass Mass CustomizeCustomizedd

24

About My Research: An Insightful Research About My Research: An Insightful Research Matrix For Both Services And ManufacturingMatrix For Both Services And Manufacturing

DEMANDDEMAND

SUPPLYSUPPLY GivenGiven FlexibleFlexible

GivenGiven

1. No Management (NM)1. No Management (NM)Price Established At Price Established At

Point Where Given Point Where Given Demand Matches Demand Matches Given SupplyGiven Supply

3. Demand Chain Management 3. Demand Chain Management (DCM)(DCM)

Revenue ManagementRevenue ManagementDynamic Pricing Dynamic Pricing Expectation ManagementExpectation ManagementTarget MarketingTarget MarketingAuctionAuction

FlexiblFlexiblee

2. Supply Chain 2. Supply Chain Management (SCM)Management (SCM)

Inventory ControlInventory ControlProduction SchedulingProduction SchedulingDistribution Planning Distribution Planning

Capacity RationingCapacity RationingReverse AuctionReverse Auction

4. Real-Time Customized 4. Real-Time Customized Management (RTCM)Management (RTCM)

Customized BundlingCustomized BundlingCustomized Revenue ManagementCustomized Revenue ManagementCustomized PricingCustomized PricingCustomized ModularizationCustomized ModularizationCustomized Co-Production Customized Co-Production

SystemsSystems

Guidelines and Action Plans Guidelines and Action Plans for for

Service Industry DevelopmentService Industry Development Create value added and heighten employment Create value added and heighten employment

effecteffectthrough Service, Market, Inno-Value, Life, through Service, Market, Inno-Value, Life,

Employment (SMILE)Employment (SMILE)

Council for Economic Planning and Development Executive Yuan, Council for Economic Planning and Development Executive Yuan, R.O.C.R.O.C.

Approved by the 2914th Cabinet Meeting of the Executive Yuan on Nov.10, 2004

About Taiwan: Initiative In Services

26

About Taiwan: A Leader In About Taiwan: A Leader In ServicesServices

CountryCountry AgricultureAgriculture Other GoodsOther Goods ServicesServices

AustraliaAustralia 4% 4% 21%21% 75% 75%ChinaChina 4949 2222 29 29IndiaIndia 6060 1717 2323IndonesiaIndonesia 4646 1212 4242JapanJapan 5 5 2828 67 67MalaysiaMalaysia 1515 3636 4949PhilippinesPhilippines 3636 1616 4848RussiaRussia 1010 2222 6868TaiwanTaiwan 6 6 3636 5858ThailandThailand 4949 1414 3737USAUSA 2 2 1616 8282WORLDWORLD 4242 2121 3737

Source: World Factbook, 2004Source: World Factbook, 2004

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About Taiwan: Supporting IEEE About Taiwan: Supporting IEEE PublicationsPublications

• AerospaceAerospace• Biomedical EngineeringBiomedical Engineering• CircuitsCircuits• CommunicationsCommunications• ComputingComputing• Electronic CommerceElectronic Commerce• EnergyEnergy• Electrical EngineeringElectrical Engineering• Industrial EngineeringIndustrial Engineering• Information Information

TechnologyTechnology• ManufacturingManufacturing• NanotechnologyNanotechnology• Nuclear ScienceNuclear Science

• OpticsOptics

• PowerPower

• Remote Sensing Remote Sensing

• OpticsOptics

• RadiologyRadiology

• SecuritySecurity

• ServicesServices

• SoftwareSoftware

• StandardsStandards

• System of SystemsSystem of Systems

• TransportationTransportation

• WirelessWireless

28

About Taiwan: IEEE Xplore About Taiwan: IEEE Xplore UsageUsage

CountryCountryIEEE XploreIEEE Xplore

Usage In 2005Usage In 2005Rank by Rank by Usage Usage

United StatesUnited States 12,575,66312,575,663 11

ChinaChina 11,063,57111,063,571 22

TaiwanTaiwan 5,852,2015,852,201 33

KoreaKorea 3,753,5223,753,522 44

IndiaIndia 3,299,5723,299,572 55

CanadaCanada 2,652,9252,652,925 66

UKUK 1,610,5961,610,596 77

JapanJapan 1,582,9631,582,963 88

ItalyItaly 1,472,7881,472,788 99

AustraliaAustralia 1,299,6971,299,697 1010

29

About Taiwan: Potential Patent-Related Sources (Based On Top 25 Companies in

2005)

Source: 1790 Analytics 2005

IEEEis 1st!

30

Concluding RemarksConcluding Remarks • Publications Have Certainly Enabled, If Not Publications Have Certainly Enabled, If Not

Ensured, The Success Of My Career In Industry, Ensured, The Success Of My Career In Industry, Academia and As A Volunteer Academia and As A Volunteer

• Publications Represent Publications Represent Processed Data: Resulting in InformationProcessed Data: Resulting in InformationProcessed Information: Resulting in KnowledgeProcessed Information: Resulting in KnowledgeProcessed Knowledge: Resulting in WisdomProcessed Knowledge: Resulting in Wisdom

• Publications Require Peer Review To Ensure Publications Require Peer Review To Ensure Their Quality, Relevance and TimelinessTheir Quality, Relevance and Timeliness

• Publications Are Critical To Both Research and Publications Are Critical To Both Research and Education, As A Resource and As A Repository of Education, As A Resource and As A Repository of New Information, Knowledge and/or WisdomNew Information, Knowledge and/or Wisdom

• Technical Publications (Especially From The Technical Publications (Especially From The IEEE) Have Underpinned Taiwan’s “Miracle IEEE) Have Underpinned Taiwan’s “Miracle Economy”, From Chip Foundries To Electronic Economy”, From Chip Foundries To Electronic CommerceCommerce