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The Impact on the Internet Economy from Gigabit Ethernet and Beyond APRICOT 2001. Randall Atkinson Senior Scientist, Extreme Networks. Easy Access to Information. Applications. Multiple Information Sources. E-Commerce. Networked Storage. Web Publishing. Streaming Video/Audio. Intranets. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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11 101
The Impact on the Internet Economy from Gigabit Ethernet and Beyond
APRICOT 2001
Randall AtkinsonSenior Scientist, Extreme Networks
2 101
Ethernet/Fast Ethernet
Data CenterCore Routers or Switches
Desktop
MAN
FDDI SegmentATM
Global Internet is Changing Everything!!!
InternetInternet
E-CommerceE-Commerce
ApplicationsApplications
Voice Over IPVoice Over IP
Networked StorageNetworked Storage
IntranetsIntranets
MultipleInformation Sources
MultipleInformation Sources
Easy Accessto InformationEasy Access
to Information
Unpredictable TrafficUnpredictable Traffic
Web PublishingWeb Publishing
Streaming Video/AudioStreaming Video/Audio
3 101
Network Infrastructure RequirementsL
ayer
3 S
wit
chin
g -
L4-
7 Q
oS Performance, Control, and Scalability
Layer 3 Switching
Wire-Speed Switching & Routing
Non-Blocking Architecture
Traffic Classification & Prioritization - QoS
Bandwidth Allocation and Management - QoS
Integrated Server Load Balancing, Security, etc.
LAN, MAN, WAN support, Ethernet, POS, WDM, VDSL...
4 101
The Increasing Role of Ethernet
10,000 Mbps10 GigabitEthernet
Wide AreaTDM
Connection
WAN Level
Wide AreaCore
Connectivity
WANAccess
Services
MAN Level
MetroNetwork
MetroNetwork
1000 MbpsGigabit
Ethernet
Desktop Level
Workgroup Level
DesktopSwitch
WorkgroupSwitch
Servers
BackboneLevel
BackboneSwitch
Enterprise Router
1000 MbpsGigabit
Ethernet
10/100 MbpsEthernet
2001/2002
1999/2000
1997/1999
1970’s/1996s
5 101
IEEE 802.3ae 10 Gigabit Ethernet
• Motivation:– Leverage success and scalability of Ethernet– Opportunity to converge Ethernet with Optical Networking
1999 2000 2001 2002
HSSGHSSG 802.3ae802.3aeStartedStarted
1st 1st DraftDraft
4th4thDraftDraft
2nd2ndDraftDraft
3rd3rdDraftDraft
WorkingWorkingGroupGroupBallotBallot
StandardStandardApprovalApproval
SponsoSponsorr
BallotBallot
6 101
802.3ae 10GE Objectives -- Compatibility
• Objectives for Ethernet compatibility:– Preserve the Ethernet/802.3 frame format at the MAC Client
Interface– Preserve the minimum and maximum frame size of the current
802.3 standard– Support full duplex operation only– Support star-wired local area networks using point-to-point links
and structured cabling topologies– Support 802.3ad Link Aggregation
• In other words:– Ensure compatibility with previous generations of Ethernet by
preserving the MAC interface, frame format, and frame size
7 101
802.3ae 10GE Objectives -- Physical Layer
• Objectives for native-Ethernet and SONET-friendly physical layers:
– Support an optional Media Independent Interface (MII).– Support a speed of 10.000 Gb/s at the MAC/PLS service
interface.– Define two families of PHYs:
• A LAN PHY operating at a data rate of 10.000 Gb/s.• A WAN PHY operating at a data rate compatible with
the payload rate of OC-192c/SDH VC-4-64c– Define a mechanism to adapt the MAC/PLS data rate to
the data rate of the WAN PHY.
8 101
LAN PHY vs. WAN PHY
• Ethernet PHY - connects media to MAC– PCS (Physical Coding Sublayer)
• e.g., 64b/66b coding, serializer and multiplexing functions
– PMD (Physical Media Dependent)• e.g., optical transceivers
• LAN PHY vs. WAN PHY– Operate over common PMDs– WAN PHY includes a simplified SONET/SDH framer
• Simplified - reject conformance to SONET/SDH jitter,
clock, etc.
9 101
PMD Fiber Supported Diameter Minimum Distance
Optical Transceivers (PMD types)
850nm serial Multimode 50.0 At least 65m
1310nm WWDM Multimode 62.5 At least 300m
Single Mode 9.0 At least 2 km, 10 km
1310nm serial Single Mode 9.0 At least 2 km, 10 km
1550nm serial Single Mode 9.0 At least 40 km
10 101
Ethernet Changes Everything
10 Mbs10 Mbs 100 Mbs100 Mbs 1 Gbs1 Gbs 10 Gbs10 Gbs
OC3OC3(155 Mbs)(155 Mbs)
OC12OC12(622 Mbs)(622 Mbs)
OC48OC48(2.4 Gbs)(2.4 Gbs)
OC192OC192(9.6 Gbs)(9.6 Gbs)
EthernetEthernet
SONET/SDHSONET/SDH
• Familiar technology and environment– Ethernet ‘end-to-end’
• Inherently scalable technology
• Unmatched value proposition for data-optimized MANs– 1/5 the cost for equivalent bandwidth
11 101
Technology Comparison Summary
– Reliability
– Guaranteed QoS
– Voice centric
– Inefficient data transport
– Expensive
– Complex
– Lots of capacity and speed
– Low-cost
– Ubiquitous
– Ease of use
– Data-optimized
– Variable latency
– (Distance limitations)
– Traditionally LAN focused
SDH/SONET Ethernet
Pro’s
Con’s
12 101
Quality of Service
• SONET/SDH well known for QoS– Guaranteed Bandwidth– Fixed latency
• By reserving transmission time (timeslots)
Voice
Data
Video
TDMSwitch
13 101
SONET/SDH style QoS for Ethernet
• Reserve transmission timeslots– Classify by 802.1p/Q, DiffServe, TCP/UDP session, protocol,
subnet etc
• Rate shape (police) incoming traffic• Manage the Bandwidth
– Bits/bytes per second– NOT packets/second – that’s CoS– Rate shaping (Policing)
• Latency/jitter reduction– IP-TDM
14 101
Bandwidth by the Slice
• Committed Information Rate (CIR) -type services for Ethernet
• Bi-direct rate shaping– Control traffic on Egress– Police traffic on Ingress
Min 5Mb/s VoIP
Min 15Mb/s Subnet X
Max 30Mb/s Diffserve
Bi-directional
15 101
IP TDM: Reducing Jitter
DataDataVoice
EthernetSwitch
No IP-TDM
Unacceptable latency variation (jitter)
DataDataVoice
EthernetSwitch
w/ IP-TDM
DataDataVoice
TDMSwitch
17 101
City HallCity Hall
Fire StationsFire Stations
Police StationsPolice Stations
Water Treatment Water Treatment PlantPlant
Municipal Metropolitan Area Network
Public WorkPublic WorkOfficesOffices
LibrariesLibraries
• City of Hillsboro (USA)• City of Ann Arbor (USA)• City of Tento (Italy)• City of Leuven (Belgium)• City of Stockholm (Sweden)
18 101
Oversea Connection
U.S.A
China
Japan
Australia
Singapore
Thailand
Taiwan
KORNET, "the KORKORea-telecom interNETNET",
1st Commercial Internet Service Network in Korea since 1994
More than 110 Extreme Networks’ BlackDiamond switches in MAN
Applications: GigaPOP, Core Backbone, Internet Data Centers
Service
Leased Line PSTN / ISDN
IDC
VPN ADSL B&A
Web Hosting
Co-Location
Oversea Network
Indonesia
Hong Kong
Total: Up to 700MSatellite B-WLL
High Speed
Internet Service
Telco Metropolitan Area Network
19 101
Lit Building - Multi-Tenant Units by BLECs
Middle Drawpower
connector
V H z A100-120 50 xx200-240 60 x
V Hz A100-120 50 xx200-240 60 x
0.47
Middle Drawpower
connector
V H z A100-120 50 xx200-240 60 x
V Hz A100-120 50 xx200-240 60 x
M G M T
Voice Voice
Internet AccessInternet Access
Transparent LAN ServicesTransparent LAN Services
Video ServicesVideo Services
VPN ServiceVPN Service
Ethernet Ring
• On-site Access (USA)• Broadband Office (USA)• Intellispace (USA)• Eureka Broadband (USA)• WizNet (Canada)
Storage Area Network….Other
Storage Area Network….Other
Customer Premise
20 101
Residential MAN - Multi-tenant Dwellings
Multi-tenant Multi-tenant DwellingsDwellings
Multi Tenant Multi Tenant DwellingsDwellings
Metropolitan Metropolitan AreaArea
NetworkNetwork
Wide AreaNetwork
• Nordic• e.g., City of Orebro, Sweden
21 101
ISP-Internet Service ProviderICP-Internet Content Provider
ISP/ICP Peering Services
InternetInternet
Internet Exchange - ISP/ICP Peering ServicesMAGIE (Houston, U.S.A.), LINX (London, U.K.)
ISP D
ICP 3 ISP EISP A
ISP B
ICP 1
ISP C
ICP 2
22 101
100 Mbps Connection to Level 3
Public Peering at CIX at 100 Mbps (UUNet, Sprint, MCI, etc.)
Private Peering at PAIX at 100 Mbps
DS-3 Connection to UUNet and Level 3
Yipes Metropolitan Fiber Network
Yipes GigaPOPs
Yipes Regional Area Gigabit Network
23 101
100M 100M
100M
100M
100M
100M
100M
100M100M
100M
100M
2G
2G
2G
2G
1G 1G
1G
1G
1G1G
1G
100M
Cable Television MAN - Broadband IP Services
Nanjing CATV Network