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The impact of Israeli occupation on the Palestinian health status. History of the Palestinian – Israeli conflict. In 1947, the UN proposed partitioning historic Palestine into two independent states, one Palestinian Arab (45%) and one Jewish (55%). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The impact of Israeli occupation on the Palestinian health status
History of the Palestinian – Israeli conflict
In 1947, the UN proposed partitioning historic Palestine into two independent states, one Palestinian Arab (45%) and one Jewish (55%).
In 1948 Israel declared itself a state, starting a conflict in which 700,000 Palestinians were expelled. Israel then expanded to occupy 78% of the territory of historic Palestine.
Occupation of the West Bank & Gaza Strip
In the 1967 invasion Israel occupied the West Bank & Gaza Strip, which were under the control of Jordan and Egypt. The West Bank and Gaza Strip are 22% of historic Palestine.
Since 1967, Israel has expropriated some 79% of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, using it for the building of illegal Israeli settlements, by-pass roads, and military encampments.
The settlements & interconnecting roads completely prevent any territorial contiguity for the future Palestinian state.
1ST Intifada outbreak (1987)
• Civil uprising with the goal to end the Israeli occupation and establish Palestinian independence .
• Israel’s response was closing universities, deporting activists, and destroying homes.
• The signing of the Oslo accords ended it.• Over 1500 Palestinians dead and tens of
thousands injured.
Oslo Accords
• In 1993, the Palestinians signed the Oslo Peace Accords, and agreed to accept a Palestinian state on this 22% within the 1967 borders, alongside an Israeli state – on 78% of historic Palestine.
Camp David “offer
Israel - • maintains settlements• Has ‘temporary control’
over an additional 10% of the West Bank, including: entire ‘green line’ border with Israel & Palestinian territory bordering Jordan
• Any future Palestinian state unviable; a series of Bantustans
The Current Situation
The second Intifada2000
Palestinians under constant attack and collective punishment
Large numbers of civilians killed and injured
Prevention of medical treatment and humanitarian aid
Militarily imposed curfew & closure
Attacks on hospitals, ambulances and medical workers
Unemployment
Poverty
Crisis in education & health sectors
• Access is still the main obstacle facing the health community.
• Vulnerable Society .
• Disintegrated and disconnected – Road blocks and Imposed Siege
– Separation and the Creation of “Ma’azel”
• Total Control of the land and Resources
“Full Occupation“
2654 Palestinians have been killed from Sept 29th 2000 – October 15th 2003
• 22% were aged 18 or younger
• (One out of every five killed)
• 85% civilians• 60% were shot with
live ammunition
• 179 were female
Blaming The Victims“Palestinian Mothers don’t love their Children
enough”
604 children have been killed
Injuries
An estimated 46,000 Palestinians have been
injured
2,500 of those are permanently disabled,
516 of those were children
Hundreds of checkpoints & blockades at the entrances of each Palestinian city, village and town
Closure on the West Bank and Gaza strip
West Bank divided into 300 clusters, Gaza Strip into 3 creating a series of
Bantustans reminiscent of South African apartheid
Prevention of medical treatment – due to closure
• 76 Palestinians have died due to prevention of medical treatment
• 26 of those were children
• 13 were newborns
prevented an ambulance from reaching her
Dina Nasser Ishteyah4 days old, died after Israeli troops
70% of the Patients Have to Meet the Ambulance at the Checkpoint. Only 30% of the Calls Are Picked up
From Their Homes.
54 Palestinian women gave birth at the check point
or before reaching the Hospital, few such cases have resulted in the death of 31 newborn infants.
Many cases of Palestinian women in
labor delayed at checkpoints or refused
permission to reach medical facilities or for ambulances to reach
them.
At least 54 women gave birth at checkpoints
Curfew
Over 500,000 people imprisoned in their homes, unable to move to work, attend school & university, or live normally.
This collective punishment of a civilian population is in contravention of International law &
conventions
Unemployment & economic losses
Unemployment has risen drastically to 65% of total working population
– Gaza 67%
– West Bank 48%
Total loss to Palestinian economy between $3.2 –10 billion (not including
costs due to destruction)
Economic losses forcing 69% of firms to shut down or reduce
production
51% drop in GNP
75% Palestinians are currently living below
the
p o v e r t y l i n ePeople living on less than
US $ 2 per day84.6% in Gaza57.8% in the West Bank
Health Crisis
30% of children under 5 years suffer from chronic malnutrition, 21 % from acute malnutrition
45% of children under 5 years and 48% of women of childbearing age suffer from
moderate to mild anemia
More than 30% of Palestinians depend upon food handouts from NGOs and 50%
of all Palestinians require external food assistance to help meet their minimum daily caloric
intake
Attacks on medical personnel, hospitals and clinics
15 medical people killed while on duty
180 Palestinian Red Crescent Society (PRCS) workers injured
95 Union of Palestinian Medical Relief Committee
workers injured
78 emergency personnel arrested
Numerous hospitals and clinics attacked & damaged
25 PRCS ambulances destroyed
Education
• 850 schools temporarily closed, 8 schools turned into military barracks
• 185 schools shelled & fired upon
• 11 schools completely destroyed
Hundreds of schools are temporarily closed,
Others completely destroyed
And many turned into military barracks
Arrests & detention
• Since 29 March 2002 more than 15,000 Palestinians detained
• 6,500 imprisoned by the Israeli army
Arrests & detention
• 1,700 Palestinians in administrative detention
• 350 children are currently in Israeli detention
•Israeli shelling &demolition.
•Destroyed 720 buildings completely
•Damaging 11,553
•Affecting 73,600 people
Including Religious Institutions 30 Mosques and
12 Churches
185 Schools
Property Damage
42% of WB/GS for settlements
- 85 new settlements
Settlement expansion
The Berlin Wall!!!!
The concrete Wall:
• 8 meters high,
• watchtowers every 400 meters,
• 30 – 100 military “buffer zone”
•Some 13 000 people
have become homeless.
• 935 Palestinian housing
units
have been demolished.
The Iron Wall
in Rafah (Gaza Strip):
The area where people are now walking, will be razed and inaccessible.
Houses,
greenhouses
and crops
will be destroyed
Economicand
Social Impacts
Do Not Turn Our Villages Into Prisons
Some 14,680 dunums
of land have been razed
for the footprint of the Wall.
Some
102,320 trees have already been uprooted to Wall.
Some were over 700 years old
To Date some 200 buildings have been demolished in the West Bank
36 groundwater wells
are isolated from their communities.
Now, 75% of the inhabitants of Qalqiliya depend on humanitarian assistance.
600 out of 1250 shops have
closed down
Qalqiliya has been a rich city.
85,000 people came to shop in the city every week.
Some 4,000 people thus far have left the city.
Yet, mass emigration is expected to begin only in one year’s time.
The Fence!!
Farmers get
beaten humiliated jailed
Example from the real life
• Nazlet ‘Isa
Once Commercial Center and Green Line Community
82 stores have been demolished
were totally dependant upon the market for survival.
Over 700 families …
The real face of the Wall
HomelessHomeless
LandlessLandless
ImprisonedImprisoned
RefugeesRefugees