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Homer • Greatest of the Greek poets
• 1,000 years B.C.• Epic poems- 1st to make stories a unified whole
• Sung for entertainment
• Stories taught Greek ideals
Homer wrote -
The IliadIlium- Greek for Troy
Story of the Trojan War
10 years
Fought over Helen of Troy
The OdysseyFollows the Trojan War10 yearsOdysseus’s journey to return to GreeceA metaphor for every person’s journey through life.
Wedding of Peleus and Thetis(grandson to Zeus and a sea nymph)
• Eris – goddess of discord, not invited
• Eris crashes party - starts trouble
• Golden apple – “To the fairest”
• Hera, Athena, Aphrodite – claim it
Me!It’s
mine!
No, me!
Paris – Prince of Troy (a playboy)
• Goddesses bribe Paris• Athena offers – ambition, fame, success in
war
• Hera offers – power, riches, King of Europe
and Asia
• Aphrodite offers – the love of the most beautiful
woman in the world
Paris chooses Aphrodite -
There’s just one little problem…
The most beautiful woman in the world is Helen…
and she’s married.
Helen’s father, Tyndareus
Knew many men would pursue Helen
Was afraid conflicts or wars would be fought over her
Convinced suitors to swear an oath
- to always protect Helento always protect Helen
- to support her husband ,to support her husband ,
whomever she chosewhomever she chose
Paris visits Helen and Menelaus
• Welcomed as a guest• Kidnaps Helen• Menelaus - raises army
from suitors
• Agamemnon- Menelaus’s brother leads expedition
• Achilles – greatest Greek warrior- son of Peleus and Thetis- invulnerable, except for heel
Siege of Troy - lasts 10 years
Troy – high and thick walls, surrounded by plain of Troy
Aphrodite- sides with the Trojans
Athena and Hera - side with the Greeks
Zeus- remains impartial
Achilles kills Hector, Prince of Troy – defiles body by dragging it behind his chariot
Paris takes revenge for brother – shoots Achilles in heel, killing him
Greeks – create a plan- Odysseus – known for
strategy
- Athena’s favorite warrior
The Trojan Horse
• Greeks create a large, wooden horse• Greeks sail away, leave as “gift”• Warned not to bring horse inside Troy
- Cassandra – priestess
- Laocoon – priest
• Trojans celebrate
End of War
Soldiers slip out of horse and open gatesGreeks returnTrojans are massacred
Troy is burnedwomen enslaved
Gods turn against the Greeks
Ajax kills Cassandra in Athena’s templeAjax kills Cassandra in Athena’s temple
Athena is offended Athena is offended
Calls on Poseidon to create stormCalls on Poseidon to create storm