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Developed Nations have strong social support systems (schools, healthcare, etc.), diverse industrial economies, higher average incomes, slower population growth Ex. US, Japan
Developing nations have simple agricultural economies, lower incomes, few support systems, and more rapid population growth. Ex. Mexico, Haiti
When demographers study the populations of countries, how do developed and developing nations differ?
Developed countries such as the US and Japan generally have higher average incomes, slower population growth, diverse industrial economies, and stronger social support systems.Developing countries have lower avg. incomes, simple and agricultural based economies, and rapid population growth.
What are 4 things demographers use to predict population sizes?A. Age Structures/Population Pyramids—
distribution of ages at a certain time.
C. Fertility Rates—# of babies born each year per 1000 women or Total fertility rate is the avg. # of children a women has in her lifetime.
Why have death rates declined over the past 200 years?
More people now have access to adequate food, clean water, and safe sewage disposal. Discovery of vaccines Life expectancy (1900 world avg. was 41; Today it is about 67)Infant mortality rate is declining because of parents’ access to education, food, fuel, and clean water….NOT money!!
Stage 1Preindustrial conditionBirth rate is HighDeath rate is HighStable population sizeMost of world until about 1700
Stage 2Population Explosion—hygiene, nutrition, and education improveDeath rates LowBirth rates remain High
Stages 4 and 5Post Industrial societiesBirth rate drops below replacement level so population begins to DECREASE (Japan)
What influence does the education of women have on reproductive rates?
EDUCATED WOMEN HAVE LESS BABIES!! (usually )Ecomonic independenceFamily planning methodsProper care for children increases chances they will survive
Problems of Rapid Population Growth
Shortage of fuelwood—boil water/cook foodLack of infrastructure—local used for drinking as well as disposal of sewage (1 BILLION people worldwide lack safe drinking water)Space to Live—more houses mean less land to grow food (arable land)
Strategies for reducing pop. growthReducing fertility rates by public advertising, economic incentives, or legal punishmentsICPD Goals for 2015 (Int’l Conference on Pop. And Development)
-universal access to family planning/reprod. health-reduce infant mortality rates to less than 35/1000-reduce maternal mortality rates to less than 60/100,000-Increase life expectancy to 70-75-universal access to primary educationhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ndWuq6AznmQChina’s 1 child policy—lopsided genders