The Huddle In 1894, The Gallaudet University football team invented the football huddle to keep the opponents from eavesdropping on the quarterback in

The HuddleThe HuddleIn 1894, The In 1894, The

Gallaudet University Gallaudet University football team invented football team invented the football huddle to the football huddle to keep the opponents keep the opponents from eavesdropping from eavesdropping

on the quarterback in on the quarterback in ASL.ASL.

1960 William Stokoe1960 William Stokoe

•Published the Published the first linguistic first linguistic book of ASL as book of ASL as a languagea language

1970 Linda Bove1970 Linda Bove

•First deaf guest on First deaf guest on Sesame StreetSesame Street

•1976- she became 1976- she became an actressan actress

British Sign LanguageBritish Sign Language

•1983, Princess Diana 1983, Princess Diana studied British Sign studied British Sign Language after being Language after being invited to British invited to British Deaf AssociationDeaf Association

The SmurfsThe Smurfs

•1983- “The Smurfs” became 1983- “The Smurfs” became the first cartoon to use sign the first cartoon to use sign language on American language on American television. The “Smurfing in television. The “Smurfing in Sign Language” show had Sign Language” show had the highest ratings that “The the highest ratings that “The Smurfs had ever had.Smurfs had ever had.

Marlee MatlinMarlee Matlin

•1986/1987 – Marlee Matlin 1986/1987 – Marlee Matlin became the first deaf became the first deaf signer to win the “Best signer to win the “Best Actress” Oscar award for Actress” Oscar award for playing “Sarah” in the film playing “Sarah” in the film “Children of a Lesser God”.“Children of a Lesser God”.

How Many Use Sign How Many Use Sign LanguageLanguage

•It is estimated that the It is estimated that the number of Deaf people in number of Deaf people in the United States and the United States and Canada who use American Canada who use American Sign Language as their Sign Language as their primary language is between primary language is between 100,000 to 500,000.100,000 to 500,000.

FingerspellingFingerspelling

•In an informal In an informal conversation among deaf conversation among deaf people, fingerspelling people, fingerspelling constitutes less than constitutes less than 15% of the 15% of the conversation.conversation.

ASL Recognized in ASL Recognized in ManitobaManitoba

•1988- December 6 in Winnipeg 1988- December 6 in Winnipeg Canada, a private member’s Canada, a private member’s resolution was passed resolution was passed unanimously which officially unanimously which officially recognized the cultural recognized the cultural uniqueness of the deaf community uniqueness of the deaf community and ASL as a distinctive language and ASL as a distinctive language of deaf people in Manitoba.of deaf people in Manitoba.

ASL Program in Public ASL Program in Public SchoolsSchools

•2000- The public school 2000- The public school board approved the board approved the second-language program second-language program in Alberta, Canada. The in Alberta, Canada. The second language program second language program was the first of its kind in was the first of its kind in Canada. Canada.

Strategies for Learning Strategies for Learning ASLASL•Develop active listening Develop active listening

behaviors: nodding, responding behaviors: nodding, responding (huh, wow, really) I may not (huh, wow, really) I may not stop to repeat information stop to repeat information because you do not nod to because you do not nod to indicate you are following indicate you are following along. This is a cultural along. This is a cultural behavior! Listeners have active behavior! Listeners have active roles in signed conversations.roles in signed conversations.

Strategies for learning Strategies for learning ASLASL

•Follow all conversations Follow all conversations whether it be between the whether it be between the teacher and the class, teacher teacher and the class, teacher and student, or student to and student, or student to student.student.

•Focus on the signers’ face, Focus on the signers’ face, not hands. Don’t break eye not hands. Don’t break eye contact while in a signed contact while in a signed conversationconversation


•Participate as much as Participate as much as possible by agreeing or possible by agreeing or disagreeing, etc. The more disagreeing, etc. The more you participate the more you participate the more you will retain. Don’t worry you will retain. Don’t worry about mistakes that is part about mistakes that is part of the learning process.of the learning process.


• Try not to worry about a sign you missed. Try not to worry about a sign you missed. Work on getting the gist of the Work on getting the gist of the conversation. If a particular sign pops up conversation. If a particular sign pops up over and over, and you haven’t a clue to over and over, and you haven’t a clue to it’s meaning, then ask the teacher (using it’s meaning, then ask the teacher (using sign language!). Try to avoid asking your sign language!). Try to avoid asking your classmate for a quick English translation. classmate for a quick English translation. You would lose out on valuable You would lose out on valuable communication experiences that can communication experiences that can strengthen your comprehension skills.strengthen your comprehension skills.


•Leave English and your voice Leave English and your voice outside the door! Try not to outside the door! Try not to translate in your head as you translate in your head as you watch someone sign. Don’t watch someone sign. Don’t worry about memorizing, as worry about memorizing, as repetition and context will repetition and context will help you acquire the help you acquire the language.language.


• Try to maintain a signing environment Try to maintain a signing environment during class breaks, before class begins, during class breaks, before class begins, and whenever deaf people are present.and whenever deaf people are present.

• Lunch is a great time to develop a Lunch is a great time to develop a signing environment: try having a silent signing environment: try having a silent lunch with your friends or join the deaf lunch with your friends or join the deaf group.group.

• ASL Club meets here during lunch on ASL Club meets here during lunch on Wednesdays. We learn to sign songs and Wednesdays. We learn to sign songs and socialize.socialize.

Spatial AgreementSpatial Agreement

• To give directions using ASL you To give directions using ASL you need to use the signing space in front need to use the signing space in front of you and non-manual behaviors that of you and non-manual behaviors that correlate.correlate.

1.1. Give general information by pointing Give general information by pointing in the direction of the placein the direction of the place

2.2. Give specific directionsGive specific directions3.3. Help the listener visualize the routeHelp the listener visualize the route4.4. Use skills with your eyes, face and Use skills with your eyes, face and

hands to show relative distancehands to show relative distance

Eye gaze/location Eye gaze/location agreementagreement

•Eye gaze should agree with Eye gaze should agree with the route you trace. You the route you trace. You should visualize the places should visualize the places along the route, and shift along the route, and shift your eye gaze to “look at” the your eye gaze to “look at” the places you describe. Also, tilt places you describe. Also, tilt your head as you indicate a your head as you indicate a location (left or right). location (left or right).

Conveying DistanceConveying Distance

•Non-manual Non-manual behaviors can behaviors can indicate distance indicate distance such as far away, such as far away, moderate distance, moderate distance, or very near.or very near.

FAR AWAYFAR AWAY

1.1.Tilt headTilt head

2.2.Squint eyesSquint eyes

3.3.Open mouth slightlyOpen mouth slightly

4.4.Trace route, extend Trace route, extend arm fullyarm fully

Moderate DistanceModerate Distance

1.1.Tilt head (in Tilt head (in agreement with agreement with direction)direction)

2.2.Purse lips slightlyPurse lips slightly

3.3.Trace route: arm Trace route: arm moderately extendedmoderately extended

VERY NEARVERY NEAR

1.1.Tilt head in agreement Tilt head in agreement with directionwith direction

2.2.““cs” (cheek to cs” (cheek to shoulder): clench teethshoulder): clench teeth

3.3.Trace route: keep hand Trace route: keep hand close to body (do not close to body (do not extend arm)extend arm)

FingerspellingFingerspelling•Remember fingerspelling is Remember fingerspelling is

not a substitute for a sign. Do not a substitute for a sign. Do NOT spell a word as your first NOT spell a word as your first alternative for expressing an alternative for expressing an idea for which you do not idea for which you do not know the sign. Instead, point, know the sign. Instead, point, describe, act out, gesture, describe, act out, gesture, draw, anything but draw, anything but fingerspell.fingerspell.

ASL ReviewASL Review

• Who is the first Deaf president of Who is the first Deaf president of Gallaudet University?Gallaudet University?

• Who went to France to learn sign Who went to France to learn sign language and why?language and why?

• Who is the first Deaf, deaf Who is the first Deaf, deaf education teacher?education teacher?

• Who is the first black deaf Who is the first black deaf education teacher?education teacher?


• What is a cochlear implant?What is a cochlear implant?• Who is a candidate for a cochlear Who is a candidate for a cochlear

implant?implant?• Why is it so controversial?Why is it so controversial?• What is a TDD? How does it What is a TDD? How does it

work?work?• What is a sidekick or blackberry?What is a sidekick or blackberry?• What is Sorenson?What is Sorenson?


•What does NAD mean?What does NAD mean?•What is Camp Sign?What is Camp Sign?•Tell me about Gallaudet Tell me about Gallaudet University. Where is it University. Where is it located?located?

•What is TSD? Explain.What is TSD? Explain.

Documents

The Huddle In 1894, The Gallaudet University football team invented the football huddle to keep the opponents from eavesdropping on the quarterback in