The Holocaust

Chronology of the Holocaust

1933 January 30- Hitler appointed Chancellor March 22- Dachau concentration camp opens April 1- Boycott of Jewish businesses April 7- “Laws for Reestablishment of the Civil

Service” April 26- Gestapo established May 10- public burning of unapproved books

1934

August 2- Hitler proclaims himself Führer

1935 September 15- Nuremburg Laws

– Jews no longer German citizens– Marriages between Jews and “Aryans”

prohibited– Jews no longer allowed to fly the German

flag November 15- Germany defines a “Jew”

1936

March 3- Jews barred from serving in the armed forces

1938 March 13- Anschluss: all anti-semitic decrees

applied to Austria April 26- mandatory registration of all property

held by Jews November 9-10- Kristallnacht November 12- decree forcing all Jews to

transfer businesses to Aryans November 15- all Jewish students expelled

from German schools

Humiliation of Jewish Students

1939 January 30- Hitler speech to Reichstag:

war will mean “Vernichtung” September 1- Germany invades Poland Sept. 1939 - Germany invades Poland;

mass shootings by Einsatzgruppen units of Polish Jews begin

October 28- First Polish ghettoes established

1940 May 20- Concentration camp

established at Auschwitz November 16- Warsaw Ghetto sealed

1941 March- Adolf Eichmann appointed head of

Department for Jewish Affairs July 21- Majdanek opens July 31- Reinhard Heydrich appointed to

implement the “Final Solution” October- establishment of Auschwitz II

(Birkenau) extermination camp December 8- Chelmno extermination camp

begins operation

Map of the camp System

1942

January 20- Wannsee Conference March 17- Belzec extermination camp May- Sobibor extermination camp July 22- Treblinka extermination camp

1943

March- Liquidation of Krakow Ghetto April 19- Warsaw Ghetto uprising

begins June- Himmler orders liquidation of all

ghettoes in Poland and USSR

1944

July 24- Russians liberate Majdanek October 7- revolt by Auschwitz inmates

Zyklon B canistersfound at Majdanek

1945

May 7-Germany surrenders

The Nuremburg Trial Dec 9, 1946 - 23 former SS doctors and

scientists go on trial at Nuremberg. Sixteen found guilty, with 7 hanged.

March 11, 1946 - Former Auschwitz Kommandant Höss found guilty and hanged at Auschwitz, April 16, 1947

Sept 15, 1947 - Twenty one former SS leaders go on trial in Nuremberg. 14 sentenced to death, with 4 executed.

The Nuremburg Trial (cont.)

May 11, 1960 - Adolf Eichmann is captured in Argentina by Israeli secret service.

April 11 - August 14 - Eichmann on trial in Jerusalem for crimes against the Jewish people, crimes against humanity and war crimes. Found guilty and hanged on May 31, 1962.

Eichmann Trial

People of the Holocaust Perpetrators

Adolf Eichmann Reinhard Heydrich Heinrich Himmler

People of the Holocaust Rescuers

DietrichBonhoeffer

Raoul WallenbergOskar Schindler

Prepared by

Mark Klopfenstein

Blue Valley High School

Spring 2001