The Holocaust and the Horrors of WWII in Europe

The Holocaust and the The Holocaust and the Horrors of WWII in Horrors of WWII in EuropeEurope

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Ms. RebeccaMs. Rebecca

Do Now:Do Now:

What is What is racismracism? Why do you ? Why do you think some groups of people are think some groups of people are treated unfairly because of the treated unfairly because of the color of their skin/religion/sex color of their skin/religion/sex etc?etc?

Today we are going to Today we are going to learn about target #5 learn about target #5 5. I can explain how 5. I can explain how

nationalismnationalism and group identity and group identity can lead to can lead to racism racism and and discrimination discrimination against those against those that are “outsiders” from the that are “outsiders” from the group.group.

Germany was in bad Germany was in bad shapeshape After World War I and the Great After World War I and the Great

Depression. Depression.

Government tried to Government tried to help with problems help with problems after WWIafter WWI But didn’t really helpBut didn’t really help

Hitler takes overHitler takes over

People want a leader who will People want a leader who will make their lives bettermake their lives better

Hitler has:Hitler has:

Racist Racist and and nationalistnationalist principles.principles.

Germany has the Germany has the BEST race of BEST race of peoplepeople

http://www.javno.com/slike/slike_3/r1/g2009/m06/y206236133895921.jpg

Germans are:Germans are:

DESTINED to DESTINED to expand and rule expand and rule Europe because Europe because they are better they are better than everyone than everyone else. else. NationalismNationalism

http://fightforyourrightwear.com/German_Pride_Front.jpg

BUT!BUT!

Not Not ALL ALL Germans are Germans are deserving. Only deserving. Only PURE PURE Germans Germans should rule:should rule:

ChristianChristian WhiteWhite Blonde hairBlonde hair Blue EyesBlue Eyes

NationalismNationalism

Nationalism is good but Hitler loved Nationalism is good but Hitler loved Germany and Germany and hatedhated others that were others that were not “aryan”. He was VERY not “aryan”. He was VERY racistracist. .

So nationalism CAN lead to bad things So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be if it causes people to be racist. Hitler racist. Hitler was VERY racist. was VERY racist.

So nationalism CAN lead to bad things So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to beif it causes people to be racist racist

Who Who SHOULDN’T SHOULDN’T be a be a part of German part of German greatness?greatness? People who are People who are

different:different: Jews, Gypsies, Jews, Gypsies,

Homosexuals etc.Homosexuals etc.

A Quote:A Quote:

““If one imagines….a battlefield If one imagines….a battlefield covered with thousands of dead covered with thousands of dead (WWI)…….and then our institutions (WWI)…….and then our institutions for idiots and their care (mental for idiots and their care (mental hospitals)……one is most appalled hospitals)……one is most appalled (shocked) by the sacrifice of the (shocked) by the sacrifice of the best of humanity…….best of humanity…….

Continued on next pageContinued on next page

……..“while the best care is lavished ..“while the best care is lavished (given) on life of negative people (given) on life of negative people (people who don’t deserve it)”.(people who don’t deserve it)”.

Karl Binding and Alfred Hoche, Karl Binding and Alfred Hoche, Authorization of the the Authorization of the the Destruction of Life Unworthy of Destruction of Life Unworthy of Life Life Leipzig, 1920Leipzig, 1920

So what are Germany’s So what are Germany’s problems?problems? They lost a war They lost a war

and they aren’t and they aren’t as powerful as as powerful as they SHOULD be!they SHOULD be!

Why isn’t Germany as Why isn’t Germany as powerful it powerful it SHOULD SHOULD be?be? Because “weak” people are Because “weak” people are

dragging them downdragging them down Jews, Homosexuals, Gypsies etcJews, Homosexuals, Gypsies etc

Evidence?Evidence?

Jews are weaker! Science says Jews are weaker! Science says so! so!

Nazi supporters did Nazi supporters did “experiments” on Jews to prove “experiments” on Jews to prove that they were weak that they were weak

http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=science

Why would Nazi’s want medical Why would Nazi’s want medical “evidence” to show that Jews “evidence” to show that Jews weren’t as strong as non-Jews?weren’t as strong as non-Jews?

Illustration from an anti-Semitic children's primer. The sign reads "Jews are not wanted here." Germany, 1936.

http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005175

Jewish people were Jewish people were treated badlytreated badly In 1935, Germany and other In 1935, Germany and other

counties taken over by the Nazi’s counties taken over by the Nazi’s passed laws that took away basic passed laws that took away basic rights of Jews. rights of Jews.

They could only be outside certain They could only be outside certain times of the daytimes of the day

They couldn’t go to public places They couldn’t go to public places like libraries, concerts movies etclike libraries, concerts movies etc

They had to wear a star on their They had to wear a star on their shirts to show that they were shirts to show that they were Jewish……..Jewish……..

Kristallnacht

One night in 1938, One night in 1938, Hitler ordered that all Hitler ordered that all Jewish property be Jewish property be destroyed. Jewish destroyed. Jewish stores, businesses, stores, businesses, temples, and homes temples, and homes were broken into. were broken into. Some were burned to Some were burned to the ground.the ground.

kristallnacht:kristallnacht: night night of broken glass.of broken glass.

http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s2/Time/1938/kristallnacht.jpg

Justification for:Justification for:

Removing Jews Removing Jews from government from government jobs, law, and jobs, law, and cultural life.cultural life.

EuthenasiaEuthenasia

http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=final

SterilizationSterilization: what is : what is it?it?


So how does the new So how does the new German government get German government get away with this?away with this? Hitler rules under a police state. Hitler rules under a police state.

No one is ALLOWED to protest.No one is ALLOWED to protest.

No freedom of speechNo freedom of speech People can’t meet in groups in People can’t meet in groups in

publicpublic No freedom of pressNo freedom of press

If anyone is Jewish or If anyone is Jewish or against the state:against the state: They get sent to They get sent to

prison camps prison camps without a trial. without a trial. Get them out of Get them out of the way!the way!

People were People were afraid.afraid.

http://www.hermes-press.com/hitler_001.jpg

Do NowDo Now

Last time you learned about how Last time you learned about how Hitler wanted to destroy all Jewish Hitler wanted to destroy all Jewish people because they were “bad”. people because they were “bad”. Trying to destroy an entire race of Trying to destroy an entire race of people is called: people is called: genocidegenocide. Can . Can you think of another example in you think of another example in history where a leader wanted to history where a leader wanted to commit commit genocide?genocide?

CambodiaCambodia

RwandaRwanda

ArmeniaArmenia

Do Now:Do Now:

Hitler had very strong Hitler had very strong nationalism nationalism for Germany. for Germany. However, he did not believe that However, he did not believe that all all Germans were good. What Germans were good. What group did he target as “bad” group did he target as “bad” Germans and why?Germans and why?

Hitler has:Hitler has:

Racist Racist and and nationalistnationalist principles.principles.

Germany has the Germany has the BEST race of BEST race of peoplepeople

http://www.javno.com/slike/slike_3/r1/g2009/m06/y206236133895921.jpg

Germans are:Germans are:

DESTINED to DESTINED to expand and rule expand and rule Europe because Europe because they are better they are better than everyone than everyone else. else. NationalismNationalism

http://fightforyourrightwear.com/German_Pride_Front.jpg

BUT!BUT!

Not Not ALL ALL Germans are Germans are deserving. Only deserving. Only PURE PURE Germans Germans should rule:should rule:

ChristianChristian WhiteWhite Blonde hairBlonde hair Blue EyesBlue Eyes

NationalismNationalism

Nationalism is good but Hitler loved Nationalism is good but Hitler loved Germany and Germany and hatedhated others that were others that were not “aryan”. He was VERY not “aryan”. He was VERY racistracist. .

So nationalism CAN lead to bad things So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be if it causes people to be racist. Hitler racist. Hitler was VERY racist. was VERY racist.

So nationalism CAN lead to bad things So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to beif it causes people to be racist racist

Who Who SHOULDN’T SHOULDN’T be a be a part of German part of German greatness?greatness? People who are People who are

different:different: Jews, Gypsies, Jews, Gypsies,

Homosexuals etc.Homosexuals etc.

So what are Germany’s So what are Germany’s problems?problems? They lost a war They lost a war

and they aren’t and they aren’t as powerful as as powerful as they SHOULD be!they SHOULD be!

Why isn’t Germany as Why isn’t Germany as powerful it powerful it SHOULD SHOULD be?be? Because “weak” people are Because “weak” people are

dragging them downdragging them down Jews, Homosexuals, Gypsies etcJews, Homosexuals, Gypsies etc

Evidence?Evidence?

Jews are weaker! Science says Jews are weaker! Science says so! so!

Nazi supporters did Nazi supporters did “experiments” on Jews to prove “experiments” on Jews to prove that they were weak that they were weak

http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=science

Why would Nazi’s want medical Why would Nazi’s want medical “evidence” to show that Jews “evidence” to show that Jews weren’t as strong as non-Jews?weren’t as strong as non-Jews?

Illustration from an anti-Semitic children's primer. The sign reads "Jews are not wanted here." Germany, 1936.


Jewish people were Jewish people were treated badlytreated badly In 1935, Germany and other In 1935, Germany and other

counties taken over by the Nazi’s counties taken over by the Nazi’s passed laws that took away basic passed laws that took away basic rights of Jews. rights of Jews.

They could only be outside certain They could only be outside certain times of the daytimes of the day

They couldn’t go to public places They couldn’t go to public places like libraries, concerts movies etclike libraries, concerts movies etc

They had to wear a star on their They had to wear a star on their shirts to show that they were shirts to show that they were Jewish……..Jewish……..

Kristallnacht

One night in 1938, One night in 1938, Hitler ordered that all Hitler ordered that all Jewish property be Jewish property be destroyed. Jewish destroyed. Jewish stores, businesses, stores, businesses, temples, and homes temples, and homes were broken into. were broken into. Some were burned to Some were burned to the ground.the ground.

kristallnacht:kristallnacht: night night of broken glass.of broken glass.

http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s2/Time/1938/kristallnacht.jpg

Justification for:Justification for:

Removing Jews Removing Jews from government from government jobs, law, and jobs, law, and cultural life.cultural life.

EuthenasiaEuthenasia


SterilizationSterilization: what is : what is it?it?


So how does the new So how does the new German government get German government get away with this?away with this? Hitler rules under a police state. Hitler rules under a police state.

No one is ALLOWED to protest.No one is ALLOWED to protest.

No freedom of speechNo freedom of speech People can’t meet in groups in People can’t meet in groups in

publicpublic No freedom of pressNo freedom of press

If anyone is Jewish or If anyone is Jewish or against the state:against the state: They get sent to They get sent to

prison camps prison camps without a trial. without a trial. Get them out of Get them out of the way!the way!

People were People were afraid.afraid.

http://www.hermes-press.com/hitler_001.jpg

Today Today

We are going to find out what We are going to find out what Hitler did to get rid of the Jewish Hitler did to get rid of the Jewish “problem”“problem”

Main group targeted Main group targeted and sent awayand sent away Jewish peopleJewish people

http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2135/1624647681_e2b56c7242.jpg

Hitler’s solution to the Hitler’s solution to the “Jewish problem”“Jewish problem” Kill Kill all all Jews!Jews!

GenocideGenocide: the goal of killing an : the goal of killing an entire race of people like the entire race of people like the Jews.Jews.

During WWIIDuring WWII

About 6 million Jews were killed!About 6 million Jews were killed! 2/3 of the Jews living in Europe.2/3 of the Jews living in Europe.

What happened to What happened to them?them? Thousands of Thousands of

Jews were killed Jews were killed in European in European cities right cities right away…..the rest away…..the rest were sent away were sent away to prison campsto prison camps


Concentration CampsConcentration Camps

Used for:Used for: Slave laborSlave labor

http://www.aish.com/holocaust/overview/graphics/he05n24l.jpg

Concentration CampsConcentration Camps

The strong and The strong and healthy Jews did healthy Jews did work in the campswork in the camps

Old people, young Old people, young people, and sick people, and sick people who people who couldn’t work couldn’t work were killed right were killed right away. Others…….away. Others…….

http://lh3.ggpht.com/_8nKEZFZH3cI/Sj6TSDy0AmI/AAAAAAAAAKM/Z5jYCd2bVjM/tattoo-76.jpg

Worked to deathWorked to death

MAUTHAUSEN


The HolocaustThe Holocaust

The whole period of time when The whole period of time when Jews were killed and sent to Jews were killed and sent to Concentration Camps is called The Holocaust.

Other things that Other things that happened in the happened in the camps:camps: Medical Experiments:Medical Experiments: Infect Jews with diseases to test Infect Jews with diseases to test

antidoteantidote Test weapons for warTest weapons for war Fertility experiments to help Fertility experiments to help

“Aryan” women make more “Aryan” women make more babiesbabies

DeathDeath Family members say goodbye to a child through a fence at the ghetto's central prison where children, the sick, and the elderly were held before deportation to Chelmno death camp during the "Gehsperre" action. Lodz, Poland, September 1942


Chelmno Death CampChelmno Death Camp

http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/othercamps/images/chelmno%201941.jpg

Pictures of onePictures of one Concentration CampConcentration Camp Auschwitz:Auschwitz:

http://www.annefrankguide.com/en-GB/content/gevangenen-auschwitz.jpg

http://www.hollow-hill.com/sabina/images/auschwitz-corpses.jpg

http://www.7is7.com/otto/travel/photos/20031019/auschwitz_auschwitzcrematoriumoven.html

http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/classes/133b/07Projects/pix/DworkVanPeltBookpicture.jpg

Work will set you freeWork will set you free

http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webquests/holocaust/images/arbeit_macht_frei.jpg

Gas chamberGas chamber

http://www.7is7.com/otto/travel/photos/20031019/auschwitz_auschwitz1gaschamber.jpg

Life in Concentration Life in Concentration CampsCamps In your groups, you will be assigned In your groups, you will be assigned

to read an interview from an actual to read an interview from an actual Holocaust survivor. You can watch Holocaust survivor. You can watch the interview later if you would like the interview later if you would like at:at:

http://www.ushmm.org/museum/http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/phistories/index.php?exhibit/online/phistories/index.php?content=phi_camps_conditions_uu.htcontent=phi_camps_conditions_uu.htmm

In your group, you are going to In your group, you are going to have one person’s story to have one person’s story to read.read. 1. 1. Doriane KurzDoriane Kurz

10-1: Nokhook and Sang-In10-1: Nokhook and Sang-In10-2: Rose and Bank10-2: Rose and Bank

2. 2. Ernest KoenigErnest Koenig10-1: Pop, Max and Lily10-1: Pop, Max and Lily

10-2: Momo, Jug and Pinky10-2: Momo, Jug and Pinky 3. 3. Eddie Hellmuth WillnerEddie Hellmuth Willner

10-1: Saori, Yoshi and Grace10-1: Saori, Yoshi and Grace 10-2: Toop, Nut and Finance10-2: Toop, Nut and Finance 4. 4. Leo SchneidermanLeo Schneiderman

10-1: Tien and Boss10-1: Tien and Boss10-2: Mizuki, Hiroki and Bow10-2: Mizuki, Hiroki and Bow

Important Vocabulary to know Important Vocabulary to know before you readbefore you read CorpsesCorpses: dead bodies: dead bodies AppellAppell: attendance or roll call: attendance or roll call barracks:barracks: housing, building where prisoners slept housing, building where prisoners slept Emaciated:Emaciated: very thin, starving very thin, starving Sick bay:Sick bay: hospital in an army camp or prison hospital in an army camp or prison Kapo: Kapo: Jewish prisoners who worked as guards for the Jewish prisoners who worked as guards for the

Nazi’s in campNazi’s in camp Ration:Ration: set amount of food that each prisoner got for a set amount of food that each prisoner got for a

mealmeal Kommando:Kommando: group of workers group of workers Lorries:Lorries: trucks or wheeled carts to transport things trucks or wheeled carts to transport things SS guard:SS guard: Nazi officer working in Nazi officer working in Concentration CampsConcentration Camps Mass graveMass grave: large hole dug as a grave for many bodies in : large hole dug as a grave for many bodies in

the same place.the same place.

You have 15 minutes to answer the You have 15 minutes to answer the following questions about your person.following questions about your person.Be prepared to share with the class!Be prepared to share with the class!

1. If the Holocaust happened in the 1940s, 1. If the Holocaust happened in the 1940s, about how old was your person?about how old was your person?

2. What did your person see/experience 2. What did your person see/experience during their time in the concentration camp during their time in the concentration camp that they still remember? Be specific!that they still remember? Be specific!

3. If you experienced what this person did, 3. If you experienced what this person did, how would you feel about your chances of how would you feel about your chances of survival?survival?

Exit SlipExit Slip

Answer the following questions before you leave:Answer the following questions before you leave:

1. How is the 1. How is the holocaust holocaust a result of a result of nationalismnationalism ? ?

2. Why did Hitler think that Jewish people were not “good” 2. Why did Hitler think that Jewish people were not “good” members of German society?members of German society?

3. What is 3. What is genocide?genocide?

4. What was life in 4. What was life in concentration campsconcentration camps like for the like for the people who were forced to live there? Give one example of people who were forced to live there? Give one example of something that happened to a Holocaust survivor that you something that happened to a Holocaust survivor that you read or heard about today.read or heard about today.

5. Why do you think the Nazis made Jews do things like 5. Why do you think the Nazis made Jews do things like bury people alive or carry carts of dead bodies?bury people alive or carry carts of dead bodies?

Escape:Escape:

Many Jews tried Many Jews tried to hide or escape to hide or escape the the HolocaustHolocaust. . One example of One example of people who tried people who tried to escape:to escape:

Anne FrankAnne Frank

http://www.studentsoftheworld.info/sites/misc/img/25982_AnneFrank.jpg

Anne Frank MovieAnne Frank Movie

As you watch the movie about As you watch the movie about Anne Frank, answer the questions Anne Frank, answer the questions on the worksheet you are given.on the worksheet you are given.

End of the Holocaust:End of the Holocaust:

After the Germans lost WWII, After the Germans lost WWII, many former Nazi’s went on trial many former Nazi’s went on trial to face punishment for the to face punishment for the terrible crimes that they terrible crimes that they committed against the Jews and committed against the Jews and others. These trials were called:others. These trials were called:

The Nuremberg TrialsThe Nuremberg Trials Most Nazi’s were found guilty and Most Nazi’s were found guilty and

were sent to jail or killed.were sent to jail or killed.

Documents

The Holocaust and the Horrors of WWII in Europe