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The History of Apartheid in S.Africa
Objectives
• Explain what apartheid was
• Explain why Europeans wanted S.Africa in the first place
• Identify what apartheid was like
• Identify how apartheid ended
Why?
• Europeans wanted S.African resources
• Especially diamonds
Apartheid
• Laws enacted in 1948, racial discrimination becomes institutionalized
• Race laws touch every aspect of social life
• “White only” laws-blacks had to carry passbooks
• Equivalent- Jim Crow laws in the US
United States
Why?
• Discuss what apartheid would do
Homelands
• Semi-independent areas occupied by blacks
Strict Law
• Gov’t allowed some to live outside homelands– To work certain jobs
• Pass laws– Split families
Sharpsville Massacre
• March 21
• *On this date in 1960, police in Sharpeville, near Johannesburg, fired on Black South Africans protesting racially biased pass laws. The protesters suffered 72 deaths and more than 200 injuries in two days of violence
Nelson Mandela
• Arrested in 1962 for opposing the apartheid laws
• The African National Congress was a banned organization, he was a part of it
• In jail until 1990
• Elected first black president in 1994
Desmond Tutu
• Another leader against apartheid
• Religious leader
Tutu Quotations
• "When missionaries came to South Africa, we had the land, they had the Bible. Then they told us, 'Let's close our eyes and pray.' When we opened our eyes we saw that we have the Bible, they have the land."
• "If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor. If an elephant has its foot on the tail of a mouse and you say that you are
neutral, the mouse will not appreciate your neutrality."
How did apartheid end?
• Cost of apartheid for white minority became too great
• Economy stagnant
• World trade sanctions
To close…
• Explain what apartheid was
• Explain why Europeans wanted S.Africa in the first place
• Identify what apartheid was like
• Identify how apartheid ended
Connection between Arab-Israeli and S. Africa
