English vocab words from The HINDU

newspaper daily 300 terms by raghav_choudhary

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scampering run quickly with light steps

due to fear or excitement.

improvise create or perform

spontaneously without any

preparation

reconnaissance preliminary surveying or

research, exploration

purport appear or claim to do

something esp. falsely

debris scattered fragments ,

typically of something

wrecked or destroyed

Security ExpertTypewritten textcat from kitchen

Security ExpertTypewritten textkejriwal

Security ExpertTypewritten textlizard

mangle severely mutilated ,

disfigure by cutting , tearing

, crushing beyond

recognition

strew scatter or spread things

over a surface or area

mayhem violent or damaging

disorder , chaos

profusely abundantly

frantically madly , in an uncontrolled

manner

exgratia done with a sense of moral

obligation rather than

because of any legal

requirement(esp. with

reference to paying of

money

kin one's family and relations

ransacked go hurridly through a place

stealing things and causing

damage

assailants a person who physically

attacks another.

vicinity the area near or

surrounding a particular

place

undercut offer goods or services at a

lower prices than a

competitor

impede delay or prevent

vicious deliberately cruel or violent

overture an approach or proposal

made to someone with the

aim of opening negotiations

proposal , offer

outrage an extremely strong

reaction of anger , shock or

indignation

plausible seems reasonable or

probable

concoct create or devise (esp a story

or plan)

exemplary serving as desirable model

contentious controversial, involving

heated argument

stout (of a person) somewaht fat

or heavily build

apex reaching a high point or

climax

revive restore to life , resurrect,

regain life

cauldron A situation characterized by

instability and strong

emotions.

blaze A very large or fiercely

burning fire

blitzkrieg An intense military

campaign intended to bring

about a swift victory.

plunder Steal goods from, (typically

using force and in a time of

war or civil disorder

unleash Release from a leash or

restraint ,release

ratify making it officially valid ,

approve, sanction

sluggish Slow-moving or inactive.,

slow , lazy.

amiss Not quite right;

inappropriate or out of

place.

antecedent A thing or event that existed

before or logically precedes

another

Abetment encourage or assist to do

something wrong.

sabotage Deliberately destroy,

damage, or obstruct

(something).

Apprehension Anxiety or fear that

something bad or

unpleasant will happen

Thwart Prevent (someone) from

accomplishing something

contigents Possible, or liable, but not

certain, to occur; incidental;

casual ;

subject to chance

oration A formal speech, esp. one

given on a ceremonial

occasion.

conspicuous Standing out so as to be

clearly visible ,

; prominent - noticeable

sloppy careless and unsystematic

haphazard lacking any obvious

principle of organisation

prima facie based on first impression ,

accepted as correct untill

proved otherwise

veracity conformity to facts ,

accuracy

retract draw , pull , withdraw

dismal depressing or dreary

melee a confused fight

evade escape or avoid

skirmish an episode of irregular or

premedidated fighting

broached raise a sensitive topic for

discussion

ado trouble , difficulty , fuss

palpable able to touched or felt , so

intense as to be almost

touched or felt

consession a thing that is granted

chauvinism exaggerated or aggressive

patroitism

profound very great or intense

exaggerate represent something as

being larger , greater , better

or worse that it really is

accord give or grant someone

memoirs a historical account or

biography written from

personal knowledge

cynical beleiving that people are

motivated by self interest

reconciliations the reestablishing of cordial

relations

envisage form a mental picture of

something not yet known or

existing

fiat decree , a formal

authorization

avert turn away

narcissism excessive erotic interest in

oneself and one's physical

apperance, extremely

selfishness , egoistic

premise pre requisite

stultify cause to lose enthusiasm

and initiation

disdain consider to be unworthy of

one's consideration

censure express severe disapproval

of, expression of formal

disapproval

ubiquitous present , appearing or

found everywhere ,

omnipresent

clamorous blatant (done openly and

unshamedly), conspicously

& offensively loud

flurry a small swirling mass of

something

appeasement pacify or placate (relieve or

satisfy ) by acceding to their

demands

shrill high pitch and piercing

voice /sound

legitimate conforming to the law or to

rules

dissent hold or express opinions

that are at variance with

those previously, commonly

or officiallly expressed.

frills a thing resembling such a

ship in appearance or

function

ecclesiatical of or relating to the

christian church or its

clergy

undermine dig or excarvate beneath(a

building) so as to make it

collapse .

egalitarian of , relating to or believing

in the principle that all

people are equal and

deserve equal rights and

oppurtunities

honorifies a title or word implyfying or

expressing high status ,

politness or respect

contemporary living or occuring at the

same time.

echelon a level or rank in an

organisation , a profession

or society

embrace hold someone closely in

one's arms sign of affection

(hug)

mace bearer is a person who carries

mace either a real weapon

or ceremonial

heralds an offcial messenger of

news

eulogy a speech or peace of

writings that praises

someone or something

highly , typically who has

just died

propitiation the act of prpitiating or

appeasing god spirit or

person

lofty of imposing heights

appurtenances an accessory or other items

associated with a particular

activity or style of living

perquisites a thing regarded as a special

right or privilage enjoyed as

a result of ones position

presumptions failing to observe the limits

of what is permitted or

aprropriate

behove be appropriate or necassary

impetus the force or energy or

momentum with which a

body moves

tarnish lose or cause to lose luster

helm steering wheel , a position

of leadership or control

vitriolic acerb , harsh or corrosive in

tone

unbridled uncontrolled

levy impose and collect

augment increase

hitch a temporary problem or

interuption

intrusion the action of intruding ,

interference

enact put into practise

encroach intrude on ( a person's

territory)

advance gradually and in a

way that causes damage

peddling try to sell by going house to

house (illegaly drug or

stolen items).

sparring make the motions of boxing

without landing heavy

blows as a form of

training(boxing).

revelations an enlightening or

astonishing disclosure

contraband goods that are been

imported or exported

illegally.

pugilist a professional boxer

kingpin a main or large bolt in a

central position.

depute appoint or delegate ,

authorize

parole the release of prisoner

temporarily before

completion of sentence.

sworn testimony given under oath

forgery the action of forging or

producing a copy of a

document , signature ,

(counterfeit) ,

fake

falsification

dilineate describe or portray

something precisely

rhetoric the art of effective or

persuasive speaking or

writing ,

using language effectively to

please or persuade

toil work extremely hard or

incessantly

exhort Verb

Strongly encourage or urge

(someone) to do something.

Synonyms

admonish - urge - advise

refrain Verb

Stop oneself from doing

something.

Noun

A repeated line or number

of lines in a poem or song,

typically at the end of each

verse.

Synonyms

verb. abstain - forbear - hold

back - restrain

noun. chorus - burden - tag

- undersong

subsequently following in time and order (

BAAD MEIN)

holistic Adjective

Characterized by

comprehension of the parts

of something as intimately

interconnected and

explicable only by reference

to the whole.

Characterized by the

treatment of the whole

person, taking into account

mental and social factors,

rather than just the

physical...

gloom Noun

Partial or total darkness.

A state of depression or

despondency: "economic

gloom".

Synonyms

darkness - gloominess -

obscurity - dark - murk

commemorate Verb

Recall and show respect for

(someone or something) in

a ceremony.

Serve as a memorial to.

Synonyms

celebrate - solemnize -

remember

adversary Noun

One's opponent in a

contest, conflict, or dispute.

The Devil.

Synonyms

opponent - antagonist -

enemy - foe - rival -

competitor

apartheid Noun

(in South Africa) A policy or

system of segregation or

discrimination on grounds

of race.

Segregation in other

contexts.

stalemate Noun

A position counting as a

draw, in which a player is

not in check but cannot

move except into check.

Verb

Bring to or cause to reach

stalemate: "the currently

stalemated peace talks".

Synonyms

deadlock - impasse - dead

end - cul-de-sac

destitute Adjective

Without the basic

necessities of life.

Not having.

Synonyms

needy - indigent - poor -

necessitous - penurious

arbitrary Adjective

Based on random choice or

personal whim, rather than

any reason or system.

(of power or a ruling body)

Unrestrained and autocratic

in the use of authority.

Synonyms

high-handed

whim Noun

A sudden desire or change

of mind, esp. one that is

unusual or unexplained.

A windlass for raising ore or

water from a mine.

Synonyms

caprice - fancy - vagary -

whimsy - quirk - fad

capricious Adjective

Given to sudden and

unaccountable changes of

mood or behavior.

Synonyms

whimsical - wayward - fickle

- freakish - crotchety

contrary Adjective

Opposite in nature,

direction, or meaning.

Noun

The opposite.

Synonyms

adjective. opposite -

adverse - reverse - opposed

- converse

noun. opposite - reverse -

converse - contrast -

antithesis

doctrine Noun

A belief or set of beliefs held

and taught by a church,

political party, or other

group.

A stated principle of

government policy, mainly

in foreign or military affairs:

"the Monroe Doctrine".

Synonyms

tenet - ism - teaching -

dogma

hitherto Adverb

Until now or until the point

in time under discussion.

Synonyms

so far - yet - heretofore - up

to now

caveat Noun

A warning or proviso of

specific stipulations,

conditions, or limitations.

A notice, esp. in a probate,

that certain actions may not

be taken without informing

the person who gave the

notice.

Synonyms

warning - caution

genocide Noun

The deliberate killing of a

large group of people, esp.

those of a particular ethnic

group or nation.

ostensibly Adverb

Apparently or purportedly,

but perhaps not actually:

"portrayed as a blue-collar

type, ostensibly a

carpenter".

Synonyms

seemingly - apparently

avowdely by open declaration

irritants Noun

A substance that causes

slight inflammation or other

discomfort to the body.

A thing that is continually

annoying or distracting.

autonomy Noun

(of a country or region) The

right or condition of self-

government, esp. in a

particular sphere.

A self-governing country or

region.

Synonyms

self-government -

independence

besieged Verb

Surround (a place) with

armed forces in order to

capture it or force its

surrender; lay siege to.

Crowd around oppressively;

surround and harass: "she

spent the whole day

besieged by newsmen"

snub Verb

Rebuff, ignore, or spurn

disdainfully: "he snubbed

faculty members and

students alike".

Noun

An act of showing disdain or

a lack of cordiality by

rebuffing or ignoring

someone or something.

Adjective

(of a person's or animal's

nose) Short and turned up

at the end: "snub-nosed".

Synonyms

retrousse

fauxpas Noun

An embarrassing or tactless

act or remark in a social

situation.

Synonyms

gaffe - error - misstep -

blunder

veterans Noun

A person who has had long

experience in a particular

field, esp. military service:

"a veteran of two world

wars".

imbroglio Noun

An extremely confused,

complicated, or

embarrassing situation:

"the Watergate imbroglio".

Synonyms

entanglement -

complication

forge Verb

Make or shape (a metal

object) by heating it in a fire

or furnace and beating or

hammering it.

Move forward gradually or

steadily.

Noun

A blacksmith's workshop; a

smithy.

Synonyms

verb. counterfeit - falsify -

fake - fabricate

noun. smithy

accede Verb

Assent or agree to a

demand, request, or treaty.

Assume an office or

position.

Synonyms

assent - agree - consent -

comply - accept - acquiesce

itinerary Noun

A planned route or journey.

A travel document

recording these.

Synonyms

route

stint Verb

Supply an ungenerous or

inadequate amount of

(something): "stowage room

hasn't been stinted".

Noun

A person's fixed or allotted

period of work: "his varied

career included a stint as a

magician".

A small short-legged

sandpiper (genus Calidris)

of northern Eurasia and

Alaska, with a brownish

back and white underparts.

Synonyms

verb. limit - restrict - scrimp

- confine - skimp - scant

noun. limitation -

restriction - restraint -

confinement

detractors Noun

A person who disparages

someone or something.

disparage Verb

Regard or represent as

being of little worth.

Synonyms

depreciate - belittle - decry -

underestimate

precis make a summary (of).

subtle Adjective

(esp. of a change or

distinction) So delicate or

precise as to be difficult to

analyze or describe.

(of a mixture or effect)

Delicately complex and

understated.

Synonyms

subtile - fine - delicate - nice

- sharp

effacing Verb

Erase (a mark) from a

surface: "words effaced by

frost and rain"; "his anger

was effaced when he

stepped into the open air".

Make oneself appear

insignificant or

inconspicuous.

elitism Noun

The advocacy or existence

of an elite as a dominating

element in a system or

society.

The attitude or behavior of

a person or group who

regard themselves as

belonging to an elite.

predominant Adjective

Present as the strongest or

main element.

Having or exerting control

or power.

Synonyms

prevalent - prevailing -

dominant - preponderant

envoy Noun

A messenger or

representative, esp. one on

a diplomatic mission.

Synonyms

emissary - messenger -

legate - ambassador -

deputy

reneging Verb

Go back on a promise,

undertaking, or contract.

contention Noun

Heated disagreement.

An assertion, esp. one

maintained in argument.

Synonyms

quarrel - strife - dispute -

argument - contest

rationale Noun

A set of reasons or a logical

basis for a course of action

or a particular belief:

deprive Verb

Deny (a person or place) the

possession or use of

something.

Synonyms

divest - bereave - rob - strip

- dispossess

posits Verb

Assume as a fact; put

forward as a basis of

argument.

Noun

A statement made on the

assumption that it will

prove to be true.

scavenger Noun

An animal that feeds on

carrion, dead plant

material, or refuse.

A person who searches for

and collects discarded

items.

Synonyms

dustman - sweeper

erroneously mistakenly: in a mistaken

manner; "he mistakenly

believed it".

decennial Adjective

Recurring every ten years.

Lasting for or relating to a

period of ten years.

stout Adjective

(of a person) Somewhat fat

or of heavy build.

Noun

A kind of strong, dark beer

brewed with roasted malt or

barley.

Synonyms

strong - sturdy - corpulent -

robust - stalwart - tough

debase Verb

Reduce (something) in

quality or value; degrade.

Lower the moral character

of (someone): "war debases

people".

Synonyms

degrade - abase - demean -

humiliate - deteriorate

iniquitous characterized by iniquity;

wicked because it is

believed to be a sin;

"iniquitous deeds"; "he said

it was sinful to wear.

perpetuate Verb

Make (something, typically

an undesirable situation or

an unfounded belief)

continue indefinitely.

Preserve (something

valued) from oblivion or

extinction.

Synonyms

immortalize - eternize -

eternalize

litigation a legal proceeding in a

court; a judicial contest to

determine and enforce legal

rights.

grotesque Adjective

Comically or repulsively

ugly or distorted.

Noun

A very ugly or comically

distorted figure, creature,

or image.

Synonyms

preposterous - ludicrous -

fantastic - fantastical

uphill Adverb

In an ascending direction

up a hill or slope: "follow

the track uphill".

Adjective

Sloping upward; ascending.

Noun

An upward slope.

Synonyms

adverb. upward

adjective. difficult - hard -

arduous - toilsome -

laborious

noun. ascent - upgrade -

rise - acclivity

apathy Noun

Lack of interest,

enthusiasm, or concern.

Synonyms

indifference - unconcern -

torpor - listlessness

callous Adjective

Showing or having an

insensitive and cruel

disregard for others.

Synonyms

unfeeling - insensitive -

heartless - hard

dilly dallying to waste time . esp. in

decision making

detrimental Adjective

Tending to cause harm.

Synonyms

harmful - injurious -

prejudicial - deleterious -

noisome

consensus Noun

General agreement.

Synonyms

accord - agreement -

unanimity

consonance Noun

Agreement or compatibility

between opinions or

actions.

The recurrence of similar

sounds, esp. consonants, in

close proximity (chiefly as

used in prosody).

Synonyms

harmony - accord - concord

- unison - concordance

eventually Adverb

In the end, esp. after a long

delay, dispute, or series of

problems: "eventually, after

midnight, I arrived at the

hotel".

Synonyms

finally - at last - ultimately -

in the end - lastly

precursor Noun

A person or thing that

comes before another of the

same kind; a forerunner.

A substance from which

another is formed, esp. by

metabolic reaction.

Synonyms

forerunner - harbinger -

predecessor - herald

arson Noun

The criminal act of

deliberately setting fire to

property: "police are

treating the fire as arson".

Synonyms

incendiarism - fire-raising

fracas Noun

A noisy disturbance or

quarrel.

Synonyms

hubbub - ruction - row -

uproar - din

solidarity Noun

Unity or agreement of

feeling or action, esp.

among individuals with a

common interest; mutual

support within a group.

An independent trade

union movement in Poland

that developed into a mass

campaign for political

change and inspired

popular opposition...

Synonyms

unity

fringes Noun

An ornamental border of

threads left loose or formed

into tassels or twists, used

to edge clothing or material.

Verb

Decorate (clothing or

material) with a fringe.

tenuous Adjective

Very weak or slight: "the

tenuous link between

interest rates and

investment".

Very slender or fine;

insubstantial: "a tenuous

cloud".

Synonyms

thin - slender - slight - weak

- flimsy - delicate - fine

woes Noun

Great sorrow or distress.

Things that cause sorrow or

distress; troubles.

Synonyms

misery

uphold Verb

Confirm or support

(something that has been

questioned): "the court

upheld his claim for

damages".

Maintain (a custom or

practice).

amenities Noun

A desirable or useful feature

or facility of a building or

place.

The pleasantness of a place

or a person.

mire Noun

A stretch of swampy or

boggy ground.

Verb

Cause to be stuck in mud.

Synonyms

noun. mud - ooze - slough -

sludge - morass - bog - slime

verb. muddy

chid Verb

Scold or rebuke: "she

chided him for not

replying".

pivotal Adjective

Of crucial importance in

relation to the development

or success of something

else.

Fixed on or as if on a pivot.

Synonyms

central - cardinal - axial

defy Verb

Openly resist or refuse to

obey: "a woman who defies

convention".

(of a thing) Make (an action

or quality) almost

impossible: "his actions

defy belief".

Synonyms

challenge - dare - brave

manoeuvre Act in order to achieve a

certain goal; "He

maneuvered to get the

chairmanship"; "She

maneuvered herself into...

rebuke Verb

Express sharp disapproval

or criticism of (someone)

because of their behavior or

actions.

Noun

An expression of sharp

disapproval or criticism.

Synonyms

verb. reprove - reprimand -

reprehend - scold - upbraid

- chide

noun. reprimand - reproof -

reproach - reprehension

hegemony Noun

Leadership or dominance,

esp. by one country or social

group.

placate Verb

Make (someone) less angry

or hostile.

Synonyms

appease - pacify - soothe -

propitiate - mollify

mea culpa Noun

An acknowledgment of

one's fault or error.

turbulence Noun

Violent or unsteady

movement of air or water,

or of some other fluid.

Conflict; confusion:

"political turbulence".

Synonyms

turmoil - unrest -

disturbance - commotion

hypothetical Adjective

Of, based on, or serving as a

hypothesis.

Noun

A hypothetical proposition

or statement: "Flynn talked

in hypotheticals, tossing

what-if scenarios to

Kernaghan".

Synonyms

hypothetic - conjectural -

presumptive

Vulnerable Adjective

Exposed to the possibility of

being attacked or harmed,

either physically or

emotionally: "we were in a

vulnerable position".

(of a partnership) Liable to

higher penalties, either by

convention or through

having won one game

toward a rubber.

corrigendum Noun

A thing to be corrected,

typically an error in a

printed book.

Synonyms

misprint - erratum - literal

discursive Adjective

Digressing from subject to

subject.

(of a style of speech or

writing) Fluent and

expansive rather than

formulaic or abbreviated.

disgressing Verb

Leave the main subject

temporarily in speech or

writing.

prose Noun

Written or spoken language

in its ordinary form, without

metrical structure.

Verb

Talk tediously: "prosing on

about female beauty".

intervention Noun

The action or process of

intervening.

Interference by a country in

another's affairs.

Synonyms

interference - interposition

- mediation - intercession

elusive Adjective

Difficult to find, catch, or

achieve.

Difficult to remember or

recall.

Synonyms

evasive - elusory

autocratic Adjective

Of or relating to a ruler who

has absolute power.

Taking no account of other

people's wishes or opinions;

domineering.

Synonyms

autocratical - despotic

rendition Noun

A performance or

interpretation, esp. of a

dramatic role or piece of

music.

A visual representation or

reproduction.

Synonyms

rendering - translation -

interpretation -

performance

forays Noun

A sudden attack or

incursion into enemy

territory, esp. to obtain

something; a raid: "the

garrison made a foray

against Richard's camp".

Verb

Make or go on a foray: "the

place into which they were

forbidden to foray"

entrench Verb

Establish (an attitude,

habit, or belief) so firmly

that change is very difficult

or unlikely.

Establish (a person or

authority) in a position of

great strength or security.

Synonyms

intrench

chasity Noun

The state or practice of

refraining from sexual

intercourse.

Synonyms

purity - virtue

deterrence disincentive: a negative

motivational influence.

erradicate Verb

Put an end to; destroy.

Synonyms

extirpate - uproot -

exterminate - root out -

destroy

transgress Verb

Infringe or go beyond the

bounds of (a moral principle

or other established

standard of behavior).

(of the sea) Spread over (an

area of land).

Synonyms

infringe - contravene -

violate - exceed - sin -

trespass

stigma Noun

A mark of disgrace

associated with a particular

circumstance, quality, or

person: "the stigma of

mental disorder".

(in Christian tradition)

Marks corresponding to

those left on Jesus' body by

the Crucifixion, said to have

been impressed by divine...

Synonyms

brand - stain - taint

referendum Noun

A general vote by the

electorate on a single

political question that has

been referred to them for a

direct decision.

The process of referring a

political question to the

electorate for this purpose.

Synonyms

plebiscite

onlooker Noun

A nonparticipating

observer; a spectator.

Synonyms

spectator - bystander -

looker-on - viewer -

beholder

nonetheless Adverb

In spite of that;

nevertheless.

Synonyms

nevertheless -

notwithstanding - still - yet -

though

(TAB BHI, PHIR BHI)

garner Verb

Gather or collect

(something, esp.

information or approval):

"garner evidence".

Synonyms

store - collect - hoard -

gather - accumulate - stock

laud to praise esp in a public

context

slack off abate: become less in

amount or intensity

truce Noun

An agreement between

enemies or opponents to

stop fighting or arguing for

a certain time: "the

guerrillas called a three-day

truce".

Synonyms

armistice - respite - cease-

fire

proclaim Verb

Announce officially or

publicly: "the manifesto

proclaimed that imperialism

would be the coalition's

chief objective".

Declare something one

considers important with

due emphasis.

Synonyms

declare - announce -

promulgate - publish -

pronounce

despair Noun

The complete loss or

absence of hope.

Verb

Lose or be without hope: "to

despair of ever knowing".

Synonyms

noun. desperation -

hopelessness -

despondency

verb. despond

lacklustre lacking brilliance or vitality;

laureate Noun

A person who is honored

with an award for

outstanding achievement.

Adjective

Wreathed with laurel as a

mark of honor.

Synonyms

prizewinner

vigorous Adjective

(of a person) Strong,

healthy, and full of energy.

Characterized by or

involving physical strength,

effort, or energy: "vigorous

aerobic exercise".

Synonyms

strong - energetic - robust -

forceful - powerful

wither Verb

(of a plant) Become dry and

shriveled.

(of a person, limb, or the

skin) Become shrunken or

wrinkled from age or

disease.

Synonyms

fade - wilt - sear - languish -

droop - shrivel

impunity Noun

Exemption from

punishment or freedom

from the injurious

consequences of an action.

repeal Verb

Revoke or annul (a law or

congressional act).

Noun

The action of revoking or

annulling a law or

congressional act.

Synonyms

verb. annul - revoke -

rescind - cancel - abrogate -

abolish

noun. revocation -

cancellation - annulment -

abrogation

unequivocal Adjective

Leaving no doubt;

unambiguous: "an

unequivocal answer".

Synonyms

unambiguous - definite -

clear - distinct - explicit

incongruous Adjective

Not in harmony or keeping

with the surroundings or

other aspects of something;

not in place.

Synonyms

inappropriate - improper -

unsuitable - inep

jurisprudence Noun

The theory or philosophy of

law.

A legal system.

Synonyms

law

copious Adjective

Abundant in supply or

quantity.

Synonyms

abundant - plentiful -

profuse - ample - rich -

generous

suffregette Noun

A woman seeking the right

to vote through organized

protest.

latter Adjective

Situated or occurring nearer

to the end of something

than to the beginning.

Belonging to the final stages

of something.

Synonyms

last - final - late - ultimate -

recent

tantamount Adjective

Equivalent in seriousness

to; virtually the same as:

"the resignations were

tantamount to an admission

of guilt".

Synonyms

equivalent - equal

akin Adjective

Of similar character:

"genius and madness are

akin".

Related by blood.

Synonyms

related - kindred - similar -

cognate - affined - alike

facet Noun

One side of something

many-sided, esp. of a cut

gem.

A particular aspect or

feature of something.

Synonyms

aspect - side

incarceration captivity: the state of being

imprisoned; "he was held in

captivity until he died"; "the

imprisonment of captured..

mens rea Noun

The intention or knowledge

of wrongdoing that

constitutes part of a crime,

as opposed to the action or

conduct of the accused.

vile Adjective

Extremely unpleasant.

Morally bad; wicked: "as

vile a rogue as ever lived".

Synonyms

mean - base - villainous -

nasty - foul - scurvy - sordid

per se Adverb

By or in itself or themselves;

intrinsically: "it is not these

facts per se that are

important".

futile Adjective

Incapable of producing any

useful result; pointless.

Synonyms

vain - useless - unavailing -

fruitless - idle - nugatory

morbid Adjective

Characterized by or

appealing to an abnormal

and unhealthy interest in

disturbing and unpleasant

subjects, esp. death and

disease.

Of the nature of or

indicative of disease.

Synonyms

unhealthy - diseased -

unsound - ill - sickly

insightful exhibiting insight or clear

and deep perception; "an

insightful parent"; "the

chapter is insightful and

suggestive of new...

defamation a false accusation of an

offense or a malicious

misrepresentation of

someone's words or actions

atrocities Noun

An extremely wicked or

cruel act: "war atrocities".

A highly unpleasant or

distasteful object: "the

house was a split-level

atrocity".

cognisance awareness: having

knowledge of

rupture Verb

(esp. of a pipe, a vessel, or a

bodily part such as an organ

or membrane) Break or

burst suddenly.

Noun

An instance of breaking or

bursting suddenly and

completely: "a small hairline

crack could develop into a

rupture".

Synonyms

verb. break - sever - snap -

burst - crack - tear

noun. break - hernia -

breaking - breach - fracture

- split

vociferous Adjective

(esp. of a person or speech)

Vehement or clamorous.

Synonyms

noisy - loud - clamorous -

uproarious - obstreperous

repreive Verb

Cancel or postpone the

punishment of (someone,

esp. someone condemned

to death).

Noun

A cancellation or

postponement of a

punishment.

Synonyms

verb. respite

noun. respite -

postponement

veritable Adjective

Used as an intensifier, often

to qualify a metaphor: "a

veritable price explosion".

Synonyms

real - true - actual - genuine

- very - authentic

veneer Noun

A thin decorative covering

of fine wood applied to a

coarser wood or other

material.

Verb

Cover (something) with a

decorative layer of fine

wood.

Synonyms

varnish - plywood

worrisome Adjective

Causing anxiety or concern.

Synonyms

troublesome - worrying -

anxious - uneasy

masquerading Verb

Pretend to be someone one

is not

stagnate Verb

(of water or air) Cease to

flow or move; become

stagnant.

Cease developing; become

inactive or dull.

incumbent Adjective

Necessary for or resting on

(someone) as a duty or

responsibility.

Noun

The holder of an office or

post.

Synonyms

official

connivance Noun

Willingness to secretly allow

or be involved in an

immoral or illegal act.

Synonyms

indulgence - sufferance

hilt Noun

The handle of a weapon or

tool, esp. a sword, dagger,

or knife.

Synonyms

handle - haft - grip

clout Noun

A heavy blow with the hand

or a hard object.

Verb

Hit hard with the hand or a

hard object.

Synonyms

noun. rag - patch

verb. strike - hit

brinksmanship the practice of pushing

dangerous events to the

verge of disaster in order to

achieve the most

advantageous outcome.

corollary Noun

A proposition that follows

from (and is often

appended to) one already

proved.

Adjective

Forming a proposition that

follows from one already

proved.

Synonyms

consequence - conclusion -

inference

unravell Undo (twisted, knitted, or

woven threads).

(of twisted, knitted, or

woven threads) Become

undone.

Synonyms

disentangle - untangle -

ravel - undo - solve

banalities Fees which a feudal lord

imposed on his serfs for the

use of his mill, oven, wine

press, or similar facilities

congregation Noun

A group of people

assembled for religious

worship.

A group of people regularly

attending a particular place

of worship.

milieu Noun

A person's social

environment

Synonyms

environment - surroundings

- ambience - setting -

medium

perpetrate Verb

Carry out or commit (a

harmful, illegal, or immoral

action).

Synonyms

commit - perform - make

armistice Noun

An agreement made by

opposing sides in a war to

stop fighting for a certain

time; a truce.

Synonyms

truce - cease-fire

contretemps Noun

An unexpected and

unfortunate occurrence.

A minor dispute or

disagreement.

implausible Adjective

Not seeming reasonable or

probable; failing to

convince; not believable.

Synonyms

improbable - unlikely -

unbelievable - incredible

revocation the state of being cancelled

or annulled.

ratchet Noun

A device consisting of a bar

or wheel with a set of angled

teeth in which a pawl, cog,

or tooth engages, allowing

motion in one directio...

Verb

Operate by means of a

ratchet.

Synonyms

ratchet wheel

strident Adjective

Loud and harsh; grating.

Presenting a point of view,

esp. a controversial one, in

an excessively and

unpleasantly forceful way.

Synonyms

sharp - grating

detente the easing of tensions or

strained relations

(especially between nations)

radicalisation is the process in which an

individual changes from

passiveness or activism to

become more revolutionary

pervasive Adjective

(esp. of an unwelcome

influence or physical effect)

Spreading widely

throughout an area or a

group of people.

Synonyms

penetrating - penetrative

blasphemy Noun

The act or offense of

speaking sacrilegiously

about God or sacred things;

profane talk.

Synonyms

profanity

attrition Noun

The action or process of

gradually reducing the

strength or effectiveness of

someone or something

through sustained attack or

pressure.

The gradual reduction of a

workforce by employees'

leaving and not being

replaced rather than by

their being laid off.

Synonyms

abrasion - wear - friction

indigenous Adjective

Originating or occurring

naturally in a particular

place; native: "the

indigenous peoples of

Siberia".

Synonyms

native - aboriginal - native-

born

lineage Noun

Lineal descent from an

ancestor; ancestry or

pedigree.

A sequence of species each

of which is considered to

have evolved from its

predecessor: "the

chimpanzee and gorilla

lineages".

Synonyms

pedigree - ancestry -

parentage - descent - race -

origin

credence Noun

Acceptance of something as

true: "psychoanalysis finds

little credence among

laymen".

The likelihood of being true;

plausibility: "being called

upon as an expert lends

credence to one's opinions".

Synonyms

belief - trust - faith - credit -

confidence - reliance

decry publically denounce ,

declare`

obscurantist a person who is deliberately

vague.

VAGUE meaninig (Adjective

Of uncertain, indefinite, or

unclear character or

meaning: "patients with

vague symptoms".

Thinking or communicating

in an unfocused or

imprecise way: "he had

been vague about his

activities".).

resurgent Adjective

Increasing or reviving after

a period of little activity,

popularity, or occurrence.

Synonyms

renascent

anathema Noun

Something or someone that

one vehemently dislikes.

A formal curse by a pope or

a council of the Church,

excommunicating a person

or denouncing a doctrine.

Synonyms

curse - malediction -

imprecation - malison - ban

realm Noun

A kingdom: "the peers of

the realm".

A field or domain of activity

or interest: "the realm of

applied chemistry"; "it is

beyond the realms of

possibility".

Synonyms

kingdom - region - sphere -

domain - area - field

omnipotent Adjective

(of a deity) Having

unlimited power; able to do

anything.

Noun

God.

Synonyms

almighty - all-powerful

epithet Noun

An adjective or descriptive

phrase expressing a quality

regarded as characteristic of

the person or thing

mentioned.

Such a word or phrase as a

term of abuse.

ambush Noun

A surprise attack by people

lying in wait in a concealed

position.

Verb

Make a surprise attack on

(someone) from a concealed

position.

Synonyms

noun. ambuscade - wait -

trap - snare

verb. waylay - ambuscade

perish Verb

Suffer death, typically in a

violent, sudden, or untimely

way.

Suffer complete ruin or

destruction.

Synonyms

die - pass away

convoy Noun

A group of ships or vehicles

traveling together, typically

accompanied by armed

troops, warships, or other

vehicles for protection.

Verb

(of a warship or armed

troops) Accompany (a

group of ships or vehicles)

for protection.

slain Verb

Kill (a person or animal) in a

violent way.

Murder (someone).

populace Verb

Make (a liquid) turbid or

muddy by disturbing the

sediment: "winds roil these

waters".

(of a liquid) Move in a

turbulent, swirling manner:

"the sea roiled below her".

Synonyms

muddy - rile

insurgency an organized rebellion

aimed at overthrowing a

constituted government

through the use of

subversion and armed

conflict

apprehend Verb

Arrest (someone) for a

crime.

Understand or perceive.

heckle Verb

Interrupt (a public speaker)

with derisive or aggressive

comments or abuse.

Noun

A heckling comment.

Synonyms

hackle - comb

placard Noun

A poster or sign for public

display, either fixed to a

wall or carried during a

demonstration.

Verb

Cover with placards.

Synonyms

poster - bill - notice

jostle Verb

Push, elbow, or bump

against (someone) roughly,

typically in a crowd.

Noun

The action of jostling.

Synonyms

verb. shove - push - hustle -

thrust

noun. push - shove - thrust