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AFRICAN TRADEThe Growth of a Continent
Trade Routes
Many trade routes crossed Africa in order to connect villages with the supply of various goods
Two Major Trade Networks Trans-Saharan Trade Indian Ocean Trade
Trans-Saharan Trade
Crossed the Sahara Desert Connected North Africa, Europe, and West
Africa Controlled by Ghana, Mali, and Songhai Caravans as large as 10,000 crossed the
desert
Trans-Saharan Trade
Goods From South: Gold, Ivory, Slaves, Spices From North: Salt, Cloth, Metal Ware
Significance Aided the rise of African Empires and
Kingdoms in West Africa Spread Islam through West Africa
Shift in Trade
War broke out in West Africa Caused trade routes to shift eastward Swahili city-states emerged in response
to economic opportunities Other empires faded when the trade
routes shifted
Culture and Trade
Culture was effected by trade too Islam & Christianity were brought in Mediterranean cultures effected the area
due to Trans-Saharan trade
Gold & Salt Trade
Used Trans-Saharan routes Niger River used as water and rest stop Mali/Ghana/Songhai benefitted greatly Gold was needed in the north so that
people could use it as money Salt was needed in the west so that
people could add flavor to their food, or preserve it
Indian Ocean Trade
Many countries traded with Africa through the Indian Ocean Trade Network
Not all routes were water based
Indian Ocean Trade
Goods From Africa: Ivory, Slaves, Gold, Iron From China: Porcelain From Burma: Pottery From India: Cloth
Indian Ocean Trade
Routes Major route between East Africa & Asia Made possible by action of monsoons
Dec-Feb: Wind blew north-northeast Apr-Sept: Wind blew south-southwest
Traded with China through intermediary merchants until direct trade began (1400s)
Indian Ocean Trade
Significance Brought prosperity to East Africa Set stage for rise of trading cities (Sofala &
Kilwa) Caused creation of Swahili – Mix of Arabic and
Bantu languages Brought Islam to coastal Bantu speakers