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The Greco-Persian Wars 5 th Century BCE – 490-479 BCE. Key Concept. The Persians…. Wealthy Largest civilization at the time. VS. The Greeks. Poor Smaller population Lacked unity – constantly engaged in disputes with one another – city-states. And the winner…. THE GREEKS!. Roots of War. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Greco-Persian Wars5th Century BCE – 490-479 BCE
Key Concept
The Persians…
• Wealthy• Largest civilization at the time
VS. The Greeks
• Poor• Smaller population• Lacked unity – constantly engaged in disputes
with one another – city-states
And the winner…
• THE GREEKS!
Roots of War
• A group of Greek City-states were under the control of the Persians known to the Greeks as Ionia.
• The Ionian Greeks revolted against the Persians and found an ally with Athens on the Greek mainland
The Wars
• The Persians launched two wars in 10 years on the Greeks – wanted to punish the Greeks and destroy Athens
• The Greeks defeated the Persians both times – on land and sea
Impact
• Little impact on the Persian Empire since it was massive….but for the Greeks…
Impact of the wars on the Greeks
1. Source of pride2. Significance of the Battle of Marathon3. Sets up the modern world divide of East and
West:1. Western worldview in which Persia represented
Asia and despotism (absolute power, cruel and abusive) where Greece signified Europe and freedom
Greece BOOMS after wars
• Peak of Athenian Democracy– Poorer classes “rowed their way
to citizenship”• The Golden Age of Greek
Culture – the Parthenon, Greek Theater – Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides
• Socrates beginning career as a philosopher
Glory didn’t last
• Athens was made up of a group of thirty Greek city-states
• Athens wanted a dominant position – Imperialize – this led to a civil war
• Sparta took the lead• The Peloponnesian War – Athens was
defeated
Macedonian invasion
• The Greeks exhausted themselves, as a result, the Macedonians will take over Greece…
• The Conquest of Alexander the Great.