““The greatest The greatest crime in the crime in the history of the history of the

world”world”Why is it so important to Why is it so important to remember the remember the HolocaustHolocaust??

MeaningsMeanings HolocaustHolocaust means means

deathdeath Jews use term Jews use term

ChurbanChurban Anti-SemitismAnti-Semitism Concentration campConcentration camp 1942-45 Nazis 1942-45 Nazis

exterminated: 6 exterminated: 6 million Jews; 100,000s million Jews; 100,000s gypsies, trade gypsies, trade unionists,unionists, ‘deviants’ ‘deviants’

Arriving at Auschwitz

Freedom through work

Your taskYour task

Watch the clip from ‘Watch the clip from ‘The Second The Second World War in ColourWorld War in Colour’ and think ’ and think about the following points:about the following points: Why was it important for ordinary Why was it important for ordinary

Germans to visit the camps after the Germans to visit the camps after the war?war?

Why was it difficult to decide who was Why was it difficult to decide who was really responsible for the death of so really responsible for the death of so many people?many people?

BeginningsBeginnings

1290, all Jews 1290, all Jews expelled from expelled from EnglandEngland

1543, Martin Luther, 1543, Martin Luther, ‘On the Jews and ‘On the Jews and Their Lies’Their Lies’

1881, Tsar Alexander 1881, Tsar Alexander II II assassinated, assassinated, riots riots & burning of& burning of synagoguessynagogues

Luther

Tsar Alexander II

Nazi anti-SemitismNazi anti-Semitism

Hitler’s personal Hitler’s personal hatred Jewshatred Jews

Treaty of Treaty of VersaillesVersailles

Fear of Fear of communismcommunism

Click here to find out what Hitler thought about Jewish people

Nazi anti-SemitismNazi anti-Semitism

1933, Jews excluded 1933, Jews excluded from civil service & from civil service & educationeducation

1935, Nuremberg 1935, Nuremberg LawsLaws

1938, 1938, KristallnachtKristallnacht 1940, Warsaw 1940, Warsaw

GhettoGhetto 1942, Final Solution1942, Final Solution

A Jewish shopkeeper clears up after the horrors of

Kristallnacht

Your taskYour task

Read the account of Dora Volkel, a Read the account of Dora Volkel, a Jewish woman who experienced the Jewish woman who experienced the horrors of Auschwitz at first hand.horrors of Auschwitz at first hand.

What does the source tell us about What does the source tell us about the attitudes of the Jewish people in the attitudes of the Jewish people in the camp & the Nazi guards?the camp & the Nazi guards?

Source

Allied reactionsAllied reactions

1942, British & 1942, British & American American governments governments received reports of received reports of concentration concentration campscamps

Reports from Reports from journalists, e.g. journalists, e.g. Martin GilbertMartin Gilbert

Why do you think Why do you think the Allies did so the Allies did so

little to help Jewish little to help Jewish people during the people during the

War?War?

German reactionsGerman reactions

Nazis controlled Nazis controlled mediamedia

Public fear of Public fear of speaking outspeaking out

Disbelief in Disbelief in extermination extermination policypolicy

IgnoranceIgnorance

Click here to find out what Albert

Speer knew about the death camps

RememberingRemembering

1945, Allies 1945, Allies liberated campsliberated camps

Germans forced to Germans forced to visitvisit

1948, UN 1948, UN Universal Universal Declaration of Declaration of Human RightsHuman Rights

What rights do you What rights do you think the UN think the UN

included in its included in its Declaration?Declaration?

Click here for some

examples

RememberingRemembering

Museums, e.g. Museums, e.g. Auschwitz & Auschwitz & DachauDachau

Spiro InstituteSpiro Institute Books, Diary of Books, Diary of

Anne FrankAnne Frank Films, Schindler’s Films, Schindler’s

ListList

Your taskYour task Draw a Star of David in your books or on your Draw a Star of David in your books or on your

computer. Around the points write down as many computer. Around the points write down as many reasons as you can why it is important to reasons as you can why it is important to remember the Holocaust.remember the Holocaust.

template

Your taskYour task Write a letter to one of the Write a letter to one of the

survivors of the Holocaust survivors of the Holocaust explaining that you have explaining that you have just studied the Holocaust just studied the Holocaust at school. Include the at school. Include the following:following:

what you know and what you know and understand about the understand about the HolocaustHolocaust

how you feel about the how you feel about the HolocaustHolocaust

why we should remember why we should remember the Holocaustthe Holocaust

Hitler’s views on JewsHitler’s views on Jews

““The aim of Jews is the complete The aim of Jews is the complete destruction of the German ‘Reich’ destruction of the German ‘Reich’ and the spread of revolution.”and the spread of revolution.”

““The whole of Germany is governed The whole of Germany is governed by Jews. The Jew sits in government by Jews. The Jew sits in government and swindles and smuggles. and swindles and smuggles. Therefore, Germans be united and Therefore, Germans be united and fight against the Jews, because they fight against the Jews, because they will gobble up our last crumbs.”will gobble up our last crumbs.”

Albert Speer on the Albert Speer on the death campsdeath camps

““People have often asked me what I People have often asked me what I knew about the extermination of the knew about the extermination of the Jews. As armaments minister I really only Jews. As armaments minister I really only concerned myself with armaments and concerned myself with armaments and was isolated from what else was going was isolated from what else was going on. But that is really only an excuse. I did on. But that is really only an excuse. I did not know exactly what was going on at not know exactly what was going on at the camps, but I have worked it out from the camps, but I have worked it out from the little I did know. I should have done. the little I did know. I should have done. No apologies are possible.”No apologies are possible.”

Freedom through workFreedom through work

Arriving at AuschwitzArriving at Auschwitz

UN Universal Declaration of UN Universal Declaration of Human RightsHuman Rights

Article 3Article 3

Everyone has the right to life, liberty Everyone has the right to life, liberty & security of person& security of person

Article 5Article 5

No one shall be subjected to torture No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishmenttreatment or punishment