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The Good, the Bad and the Ugly
1914 CE – Present
Industrialized War, Decolonization, Globalization
The 20th Century: A TurningPoint?
• 8000 BCE: Neolithic Revolution
• 5th Century: Fall of Rome
• 15th Century: Columbus
• 19th Century: Industrial Revolution
Phases in the 20th Century
• 1914 – 1945?
• 1945 – 1991?
• 1991 – Present?
Independence andDecolonization
• Middle East
• India
• Africa
• Southeast Asia
Russia
• Revolution
• Communism
• Cold War
• Collapse and Recovery
Vladimir Lenin
China
• Revolution
• Civil War
• Communism
• Manufacturing Economy
• Future?
Japan
• Meiji Restoration
• Militarism and Imperialism
• WWII
• American Intervention
• Economic Explosion
• 2nd Largest Economy in the World
Attack on Social Inequalities
• Economic Equity: Labor Movements, Socialism and Marxism
• Civil Rights
• Caste Systems
• Women’s Movements
Social Inequalities
• Communism: Lenin, Bolsheviks, 1917
• Suffrage: 19th amendment 1920
• Untouchables: Gandhi 1930s and 1940s
• Civil Rights: MLK jr. 1950s and 1960s
• Social Revolutionary: Che Guevara 1950s and 1960s
• Apartheid: Mandela, South Africa 1994
Women’s Suffrage: 19th
Amendment, 1920
Untouchables and Gandhi
Civil Rights and Martin LutherKing Jr.
Che Guevara
Apartheid and Nelson Mandela
The Great War
Machine Gun
Trenches
Artillery
Flame Throwers
Hand Grenades
Poison Gas
WWI Casualties
Global Economic Depression
WWII
Hitler
Mussolini
Tojo and Hirohito
Stalin
Churchhill
Roosevelt
Total War
• Mobilization of the entire population
• Intentional attacks against civilian targets
• Propaganda
• Genocide
Holocaust
War at Home
D-Day
Hiroshima
Cold War
• Cold?• Berlin Blockade, Berlin Wall, Cuban Missile
Crisis
• Hot?• Korea, Vietnam, Afghanistan
Space Race
Collapse of the Soviet Union
Era of Independence
• Resources: India, Thailand
• Instability: Nigeria, South Africa, Pakistan
• Lack of resources and instability: Somalia, Namibia
Japan
Pacific Rim
Four Dragons
• South Korea
• Taiwan
• Hong Kong
• Singapore
Globalization
• Positives?
• Negatives?
Globalization
Terrorism
Big Ideas
• The 20th century may be a period break as significant as the 5th century or the 15th
century in world history. Time will tell.
• Some historians see the 20th century as a third revolution comparable to the Neolithic Revolution or the Industrial Revolution.
Big Idea
• This final period has three phases: • The first was between 1914 and 1945, which
includes the two World Wars and the Great Depression.
• The second phase, between 1945 and 1991, can be labeled as the Cold War and decolonization.
• The final phase is very difficult to label, as we do not know what events will define events in the next period in World History.
Big Ideas
• The 20th century witnessed the decline of the “West,” and the independence of many of the colonies acquired by the West during the 18th and 19th centuries.
• The rise of non-European powers like Russia, Japan and China added to the complexity of international politics and economic systems.
Big Idea
• The attack on long-standing beliefs in rigid social inequalities is an important theme for the 20th century.
Big Idea
• The speed of global contact has led to internationalization of culture, values and economies. This has led to international political and economic organizations. Globalization has been embraced and resisted.