The Global Positioning The Global Positioning SystemSystem

Commerce Department PerspectivesCommerce Department Perspectives

The Global Positioning The Global Positioning SystemSystem

Commerce Department PerspectivesCommerce Department Perspectives

September 2001September 2001

Agriculture

Commerce State

Interior

NASA

Justice

Joint Chiefs of Staff

Defense Transportation

The Interagency GPS Executive The Interagency GPS Executive BoardBoard

DOC Interests in GPSDOC Interests in GPS

• Commercial GPS market growthCommercial GPS market growth• Civilian and scientific uses of GPSCivilian and scientific uses of GPS• Augmentation systemsAugmentation systems• Modernization programModernization program• Radio spectrum managementRadio spectrum management• International cooperation and tradeInternational cooperation and trade• IGEB Executive SecretariatIGEB Executive Secretariat

Commercial GPS Commercial GPS Market GrowthMarket Growth

Commercial GPS Commercial GPS Market GrowthMarket Growth

Commercial GPS Market GrowthCommercial GPS Market Growth

• GPS represents a $10 billion industryGPS represents a $10 billion industry– Worldwide sales to exceed $12 billion in Worldwide sales to exceed $12 billion in

20022002– U.S. market share is 52%U.S. market share is 52%

• U.S. policy promotes global market U.S. policy promotes global market growthgrowth– Free signals and receiver design Free signals and receiver design

specificationsspecifications– Promotion of GPS as a world standard Promotion of GPS as a world standard

enables economies of scale in receiver enables economies of scale in receiver productionproduction

– Elimination of Selective Availability Elimination of Selective Availability increased consumer demand by improving increased consumer demand by improving basic servicebasic service

Satellite Ops:Satellite Ops:Ephemeris, Ephemeris,

TimingTiming

CommunicationCommunications:s:

Network Network Timing,Timing,

SynchronizatioSynchronizationn

Surveying &Surveying & MappingMapping

Fishing &Fishing & BoatingBoatingOff shoreOff shore

DrillingDrilling

RecreationRecreation

Trucking & Trucking & ShippingShipping

Personal Personal NavigationNavigation

AviationAviation

RailroadsRailroads

Power GridPower Grid InterfacesInterfaces

Commercial GPS Applications Commercial GPS Applications Span Span

The Entire U.S. EconomyThe Entire U.S. Economy

Worldwide Annual GPS Worldwide Annual GPS Hardware Sales To Exceed $12 Hardware Sales To Exceed $12

Billion in 2002Billion in 2002$

Billion

s

(Projected)

GPS Sales by Geographic RegionGPS Sales by Geographic Region

  1998 1998 

AsiaAsia2%2%OtherOther

1%1%

JapanJapan47%47%

U.S.U.S.32%32%

EuropeEurope18%18%

  2003 2003 

AsiaAsia2%2%

OtherOther1%1%

JapanJapan44%44%

U.S.U.S.30%30%

EuropeEurope23%23%

Unit Cost of Receivers Is Unit Cost of Receivers Is Falling at ~30% Per YearFalling at ~30% Per Year

00

$200$200

$400$400

$600$600

$800$800

19911991 19931993 19951995 19971997 19991999

Source: U.S. GPS Industry CouncilSource: U.S. GPS Industry Council

New Applications BeingNew Applications BeingDeveloped Every DayDeveloped Every Day

• Open Pit Mining SystemOpen Pit Mining System• Child Safety WristwatchChild Safety Wristwatch• Automatic Snowplow Automatic Snowplow

Guidance SystemGuidance System• Spacecraft Control Spacecraft Control

SystemsSystems• Power Grid Management Power Grid Management

SystemsSystems

Promoting GPS Market GrowthPromoting GPS Market Growth

• DOC supports market growth by DOC supports market growth by upholding and promoting the successful upholding and promoting the successful U.S. GPS policy, domestically and U.S. GPS policy, domestically and internationallyinternationally

• DOC also publishes statistical analyses DOC also publishes statistical analyses and forecasts of the GPS market for use and forecasts of the GPS market for use by investors and decision makersby investors and decision makers

• Outreach activitiesOutreach activities– Participate in conferences, site visits to Participate in conferences, site visits to

keep finger on the pulse of industrykeep finger on the pulse of industry– Convey industry desires and concerns to the Convey industry desires and concerns to the

IGEB to keep the system responsive to user IGEB to keep the system responsive to user needsneeds

Civilian & Scientific Civilian & Scientific Uses of GPSUses of GPS

Civilian & Scientific Civilian & Scientific Uses of GPSUses of GPS

DOC Represents Many DOC Represents Many Federal Users of GPSFederal Users of GPS

• GPS applications within the DepartmentGPS applications within the Department– NOAA surveying (waterways, airports, NOAA surveying (waterways, airports,

heights)heights)– NOAA vessel navigation and trackingNOAA vessel navigation and tracking– NOAA weather forecastingNOAA weather forecasting– NIST timing researchNIST timing research– U.S. Census activitiesU.S. Census activities

• GPS Interagency Advisory Committee GPS Interagency Advisory Committee (GIAC)(GIAC)– Chaired by National Geodetic SurveyChaired by National Geodetic Survey– Membership includes all civil users of GPS Membership includes all civil users of GPS

within the federal government (outside DOT)within the federal government (outside DOT)– Meets twice per year to make policy Meets twice per year to make policy

recommendations on behalf of the user recommendations on behalf of the user communitycommunity

Augmentation SystemsAugmentation Systems

• NOAA manages the National CORS NOAA manages the National CORS SystemSystem– Network of Continuously Operating Network of Continuously Operating

Reference Stations (CORS) providing carrier Reference Stations (CORS) providing carrier phase and code range measurements in phase and code range measurements in support of 3-D positioning activities support of 3-D positioning activities throughout the U.S. and its territoriesthroughout the U.S. and its territories

– Data is archived online and can be applied Data is archived online and can be applied in a post-processing environment to achieve in a post-processing environment to achieve cm-level accuracycm-level accuracy

– Annual budget: $2.3 millionAnnual budget: $2.3 million

National CORS SystemNational CORS System

NOAA Forecast Systems Lab: NOAA Forecast Systems Lab: Measuring Water Vapor Via Measuring Water Vapor Via

NDGPSNDGPS

• NOAA instruments on NDGPS reference stations NOAA instruments on NDGPS reference stations continuously measure the water vapor content in continuously measure the water vapor content in the atmosphere above the reference station, the atmosphere above the reference station, improving short term weather forecasting improving short term weather forecasting capabilitiescapabilities

NDGPS Site in NDGPS Site in Whitney, Whitney, NebraskaNebraska

NOAA and NDGPSNOAA and NDGPS

• NOAA cooperates closely with the U.S. NOAA cooperates closely with the U.S. Coast Guard’s Nationwide Differential Coast Guard’s Nationwide Differential GPS ServiceGPS Service– Co-location of CORS sites, weather Co-location of CORS sites, weather

instrumentsinstruments– High Accuracy NDGPS projectHigh Accuracy NDGPS project

• Senate report on FY01 DOT Senate report on FY01 DOT appropriations suggested that NOAA appropriations suggested that NOAA share the cost of NDGPS with DOTshare the cost of NDGPS with DOT– Reply to Congress notes interaction between Reply to Congress notes interaction between

NDGPS and CORS, including such items as NDGPS and CORS, including such items as service integrityservice integrity

– An independent NOAA request for NDGPS An independent NOAA request for NDGPS funding was deemed impractical due to funding was deemed impractical due to increased uncertainty in the budget processincreased uncertainty in the budget process

Modernization ProgramModernization ProgramModernization ProgramModernization Program

DOC Roles in GPS ModernizationDOC Roles in GPS Modernization

• Helped collect and advocate civilian user Helped collect and advocate civilian user needs for the future GPS serviceneeds for the future GPS service

• Early proponent of a third civilian signalEarly proponent of a third civilian signal• Participated in the design and frequency Participated in the design and frequency

selection for the two new civil signalsselection for the two new civil signals• Led studies and analyses demonstrating Led studies and analyses demonstrating

the economic benefits of GPS the economic benefits of GPS modernizationmodernization

• Endorsed high-level recommendations to Endorsed high-level recommendations to the White House to deactivate SA and the White House to deactivate SA and accelerate implementation of civilian accelerate implementation of civilian capabilitiescapabilities

• Participated in Congressional outreach, Participated in Congressional outreach, including GPS trade fair on the Hillincluding GPS trade fair on the Hill

Radio Spectrum Radio Spectrum ManagementManagement

Radio Spectrum Radio Spectrum ManagementManagement

Radio Spectrum ManagementRadio Spectrum Management

• Radio interference affects a wide range Radio interference affects a wide range of GPS users and limits growth of new of GPS users and limits growth of new capabilities and applicationscapabilities and applications

• Without backbone GPS signals, derived Without backbone GPS signals, derived performances and safety of life services performances and safety of life services will not functionwill not function

• DOC’s National Telecommunications DOC’s National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) and Information Administration (NTIA) is responsible for managing federal is responsible for managing federal radio spectrumradio spectrum

Spectrum ConcernsSpectrum Concerns

• International IssuesInternational Issues– Power Flux Density limits in L2 and L5Power Flux Density limits in L2 and L5– E.U. proposal to overlay L1, L2, and L5E.U. proposal to overlay L1, L2, and L5

• Domestic IssuesDomestic Issues– FCC rulemaking underway to possibly allow FCC rulemaking underway to possibly allow

unlicensed operation of UWB devicesunlicensed operation of UWB devices– General concerns over noise floorGeneral concerns over noise floor

International International Cooperation & TradeCooperation & Trade

International International Cooperation & TradeCooperation & Trade

Cooperation with JapanCooperation with Japan

• U.S.-Japan relations are excellent in this U.S.-Japan relations are excellent in this areaarea– Japan is a major producer of GPS products and Japan is a major producer of GPS products and

has the world’s largest user basehas the world’s largest user base

• 1998 Joint Statement signed by the 1998 Joint Statement signed by the President and Prime Minister Obuchi lay President and Prime Minister Obuchi lay the foundation for bilateral working the foundation for bilateral working groups on GPS cooperationgroups on GPS cooperation– Promote GPS as a standardPromote GPS as a standard– Free access to servicesFree access to services– Open markets for tradeOpen markets for trade– Protect spectrumProtect spectrum

• DOC chairs the U.S.-Japan working group DOC chairs the U.S.-Japan working group on commercial and scientific uses of GPSon commercial and scientific uses of GPS

Consultations with EuropeConsultations with Europe

• U.S. has been pursuing an agreement U.S. has been pursuing an agreement with Europe since 1996with Europe since 1996– DOC participates in all rounds of talks to DOC participates in all rounds of talks to

protect the interests of U.S. users and protect the interests of U.S. users and industryindustry

• Proposed Galileo system opens new Proposed Galileo system opens new possibilities but also raises many possibilities but also raises many concerns, especially from a commercial concerns, especially from a commercial perspectiveperspective

• Draft agreement text would ensure that Draft agreement text would ensure that Europe does not impose regulations or Europe does not impose regulations or standards that effectively mandate the standards that effectively mandate the use of Galileo servicesuse of Galileo services

International OutreachInternational Outreach

• GPS International Working Group GPS International Working Group organizes occasional outreach missions organizes occasional outreach missions to individual nations to educate local to individual nations to educate local officials and users on U.S. GPS policy officials and users on U.S. GPS policy and plansand plans

• IGEB manages a U.S. GPS Outreach IGEB manages a U.S. GPS Outreach Display that is regularly deployed to Display that is regularly deployed to international conferences to build international conferences to build grassroots support for GPS and GPS grassroots support for GPS and GPS spectrumspectrum

• DOC is a regular participant in all of DOC is a regular participant in all of these outreach effortsthese outreach efforts

IGEB Executive SecretariatIGEB Executive SecretariatIGEB Executive SecretariatIGEB Executive Secretariat

IGEB Executive SecretariatIGEB Executive Secretariat

• IGEB Charter called for a dedicated IGEB Charter called for a dedicated Executive Secretariat to support the Executive Secretariat to support the day-to-day functions and activities of day-to-day functions and activities of the Boardthe Board

• Functions include:Functions include:– Identify national and international issues Identify national and international issues

that may affect the management and that may affect the management and operation of GPSoperation of GPS

– Assemble ad hoc working group to address Assemble ad hoc working group to address GPS issuesGPS issues

– Coordinate information among IGEB Coordinate information among IGEB agenciesagencies

– Provide administrative supportProvide administrative support