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REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDYThe emergence of new technologies and markets warrants a reappraisal of the reinforced plastics market, often called 'composites.' Nanocomposites and long fiber'reinforced thermoplastics are commercially important examples that have begun to impact this market.Expanding the use of carbon fiber'reinforced resins has become very important in the automotive industry, replacing many heavier metallic components.In addition, a review of reinforced plastics is needed with a view toward appropriately segmenting the major components of this market into its resin, technology and application components. Reinforcements need to be carefully defined when it comes to their principal functions and effects on properties of substrate resins since quite a few terms and market estimates used within this industry are not clear cut.STUDY GOALSThe objective in updating a study on reinforced plastic composites is to provide readers with a current view of this market in terms of r...
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The Global Market for Composites: Resins, Fillers, Reinforcements,
Natural Fibers & Nanocomposites
Published on January 2014
Report Summary
REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY
The emergence of new technologies and markets warrants a reappraisal of the reinforced plastics market, often called 'composites.'
Nanocomposites and long fiber'reinforced thermoplastics are commercially important examples that have begun to impact this
market.
Expanding the use of carbon fiber'reinforced resins has become very important in the automotive industry, replacing many heavier
metallic components.
In addition, a review of reinforced plastics is needed with a view toward appropriately segmenting the major components of this
market into its resin, technology and application components. Reinforcements need to be carefully defined when it comes to their
principal functions and effects on properties of substrate resins since quite a few terms and market estimates used within this industry
are not clear cut.
STUDY GOALS
The objective in updating a study on reinforced plastic composites is to provide readers with a current view of this market in terms of
resin usage and specific applications for each of the key resins in a quantitative manner. In addition, it explains why key resins are
being used in specific applications along with an outlook of this scenario in five years with reasons for using different types of
reinforcements. Lastly the report assesses the recent movement towards using higher performance reinforcements such as carbon
fibers in various industries such as the huge automotive market.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This report covers both thermosets and thermoplastics that use reinforcements to increase their respective property profiles for 2013,
2014 and 2019. These fibrous reinforcements include all glass fiber variants, carbon, boron, ceramic, aramid and stainless steel
fibers, and so forth.
There is some confusion as to the overlapping of the terms 'reinforced plastics' and 'composites.' According to standard plastic
dictionaries, these two terms are considered synonymous. One distinction between these two terms, cited by some within the
industry, is that composites refer to those reinforced resins that can 'support a load' or are 'structurally reinforced.' This definition is
also somewhat arbitrary since it is not clear what constitutes 'supporting a load' or 'structurally reinforced.'
Therefore, in this report, to simplify matters, the term 'reinforced plastic composites' will be used to depict market sizes and forecasts.
Since reinforcements are almost always based on fibers, the term 'fiber-reinforced' is somewhat redundant and will not used unless it
is a significant issue.
Within the text of the report, the terms 'reinforced plastics' and/or 'composites' will be used depending on the sources of information
and BCC Research's perception and analysis of these specific instances.
Readers should be aware that, in many instances, upgraded resins have been called both 'reinforced' and/or 'composites.' In addition,
most resins being reinforced with what are called 'advanced' reinforcements such as carbon fibers and aramid are most often termed
'composites' especially in the construction, aerospace, auto and several other industries such as wind energy and anticorrosion,
among others.
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Current and forecasted quantitative market estimates will be provided for all appropriate thermoset and thermoplastic reinforced
composites by application, along with detailed descriptions of the major types of reinforcements. Also, many compounded resin
formulations can contain more than one type of reinforcement, such that glass fiber'reinforced composite plastics can contain another
type of reinforcement. Furthermore, the volumes of products shown in the tables refer only to the estimated weight of the resins and
exclude weights of reinforcements. The quantitative information contained in all data tables refers to the global market.
Applications in this report include automotive; construction/infrastructure, including other construction products, panels and bathroom
products; anticorrosion products; marine markets; aerospace (mostly aircraft); electronic parts/components; appliances; and
consumer products such as medical devices, sport and leisure, and lawn/garden products as well as a miscellaneous market, which
covers the power market and other transportation areas such as rail, wind energy products and others.
INTENDED AUDIENCE
Those in the plastic reinforcement/composite market will be most interested in new developments in this field, along with plastic
producers and many in the major end-use industries such the auto, construction, aviation, anti-corrosion and marine markets.
Resin producers will find valuable information in terms of expected increases or declines in specific plastic usage in these markets. It
also seems probable that those companies involved in acquisitions/divestiture activities may be interested in examining this field for
potential new clients.
METHODOLOGY
Both primary and secondary research methodologies were used in preparing this study. A comprehensive review and analysis was
undertaken of literature related to this industry, which is known by several names (e.g., reinforced plastics, composites, etc.).
This analysis included resin usage, applications, markets, technology, producers and suppliers, trade-named products, new
developments, environmental issues and so forth. Follow-up calls were made to clarify and/or expand on key issues pertinent to the
reinforced plastics/composites industry.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Research analyst Mel Schlechter has more than 40 years of experience in the chemical industry and specializes in plastics market
research. He has been with BCC Research for more than a decade and holds a B.S. in chemistry, M.S. in organic chemistry and an
M.B.A. in marketing.
REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
The global reinforced plastic composite market is estimated to total 13.6 billion pounds in 2013, 14.3 billion pounds in 2014 and is
expected to increase to nearly 17.2 billion pounds by 2019. This market is expected to show a compound annual growth rate (CAGR)
of 3.7% through the forecast period of 2014 to 2019.
This report provides:
' An overview of the global market for reinforced plastic composites including resins, fillers, reinforcements, natural fibers &
nanocomposites.
' Analyses of global market trends, with data from 2013, estimates for 2014, and projections of compound annual growth rates
(CAGRs) through 2019.
' Segmentation of the major components of this market into its resin, technology, and applications components.
' Coverage of relevant applications including automotive; construction/infrastructure including anti-corrosion and panel products;
marine markets; aerospace; electronic parts/components; appliances; consumer products (sport and leisure, lawn/garden products,
etc.); and a miscellaneous category.
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Table of Content
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 2
REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY 2
STUDY GOALS 2
SCOPE OF THE STUDY 2
INTENDED AUDIENCE 3
METHODOLOGY 3
ABOUT THE AUTHOR 4
RELATED BCC RESEARCH REPORTS 4
BCC RESEARCH ONLINE SERVICES 4
DISCLAIMER 4
CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY 6
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 6
SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 6
CHAPTER 3 REINFORCEMENTS 10
OVERVIEW 10
NONFIBROUS 10
TALCS 10
Background 10
Grades 11
Applications 11
MICA 11
Background 11
Properties 12
Applications 12
Thermosets 12
Thermoplastics 12
WOLLASTONITE 12
Background 12
Applications 13
SILICAS 13
FIBROUS 14
BACKGROUND 14
REINFORCEMENT TYPES 14
Overview 14
Mats 14
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Woven Fabrics 14
Knitted Fabrics 15
Braids 15
Preforms 15
Glass Fiber Reinforcements 15
Production 15
Types of Fiberglass 16
Background 16
Types of Glass Fibers 16
Sizing 17
Microspheres 17
Background 17
Solid Microspheres 17
Hollow Microspheres 17
TABLE 1 ADVANTAGES OF SOLID GLASS MICROSPHERES 18
Applications 18
Glass Fiber Suppliers 18
TABLE 2 IMPORTANT GLASS FIBER SUPPLIERS 18
Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics Institute (FRPI) 19
New Developments 19
Chinese Fiberglass Company Plans U.S. Plant 19
Fiber Sizings Expand Capabilities 19
Carbon Fibers 19
Background 19
Manufacture 20
Product Types 21
Applications 21
Large Users of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastics 21
The Military 21
Commercial Aircraft 22
Automotive 22
Producers 22
End-of-Life Recycling 22
Recent Developments 22
New Lamborghini Has Carbon Fiber Passenger Cell 22
Carbon-Fiber Demand is Aerospace Still Strong 22
Toray Building Carbon-Fiber Plant in Korea 23
Daimler/Toray Joint Venture to Manufacture Carbon-Fiber
Parts 23
General Motors and Teijin Join Forces 23
Wind Energy Applications 23
Supply of Precursors 23
Ford Motor and Dow Join Forces 23
Cytec Restarts its Carbon-Fiber Project 24
Teijin Adds to Carbon-Fiber Production 24
Plason Carbon Fibers Produces Composite Hood Roof and
Trunks 24
Toray Buys 20% Interest in Plason Carbon Composites 24
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Other Carbon-Fiber Start-Ups 24
Carbon-Fiber Producers Merge 24
Aramid Fibers 25
Background 25
Production 25
Properties/Characteristics 26
Usage 26
Ceramic Fibers 26
Background 26
Applications 27
Suppliers 27
Boron Fibers 27
Stainless Steel Fibers 28
Natural Fibers 28
Background 28
How Much Fiber to Use 30
Types of Natural Fibers 30
Overview 30
Flax Fibers 30
Jute Fibers 30
Kenaf Fibers 31
Hemp Fibers 31
Degradation Temperatures of Natural Fibers 31
Global Cultivation of Selected Natural Fibers 31
TABLE 3 KEY NATURAL FIBERS AND MAJOR CULTIVATION AREAS 32
Processing 32
Comparison with Glass Fibers 32
Pricing 33
Review of Possible Stumbling Blocks to Natural Fiber
Reinforcements 33
Automotive Applications 33
Other Potential Applications 34
Recent Developments 34
Kenaf Fiber-Reinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 34
Ford Planning to Use Natural Fiber-Reinforced Resins 34
Ford Plans to Use Wheat Straw-Reinforced Plastics 34
Market Estimates and Forecasts 35
NANOCOMPOSITES 35
BACKGROUND 35
CHARACTERISTICS 36
BENEFITS 36
MECHANICAL ASPECTS 36
PROCESSES 37
EARLY WORK WITH PLASTICS 37
APPLICATIONS 37
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 38
Design and Development of Nanocomposite Scaffold 38
Nano Crystalline Cellulose Fibers Renewable Reinforcements for
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Plastics 38
Aerospace Applications 38
CARBON NANOTUBES 38
OVERVIEW 38
POTENTIAL USE IN PLASTICS 39
NANOCOMPOSITE SUPPLIERS 40
TABLE 4 KEY NANOCOMPOSITE SUPPLIERS 40
CHAPTER 4 REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES 42
BACKGROUND 42
THERMOSETS 43
OVERVIEW 43
TABLE 5 SELECTED MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND PROPERTIES OF
REINFORCED THERMOSET COMPOSITES 43
PROCESSING 44
Background 44
Hand Lay-Up 44
Spray-Up 44
Pultrusion 44
Filament Winding 45
Reinforced Reaction Molding (RRIM) 45
SHEET MOLDING COMPOUNDS (SMC) 45
Background 45
Advantages 46
SMC Process Choices 46
SMC Formulations 46
TABLE 6 TYPICAL SMC FORMULATIONS (WEIGHT PERCENT) 46
Technology 47
Advantages 47
SMC Compounders 48
TABLE 7 KEY SMC PRODUCERS 48
Markets 48
Other Process Challenges 48
Use of Nanoparticles 48
Applications 49
New Developments 49
SMC Products for Mass Transit 49
Direct Process for Mixing and Molding SMC 49
A New SMC Center 49
BULK MOLDING COMPOUNDS (BMC) 49
Overview 49
Background 50
Technology 50
Advantages 50
Applications 50
BMC Compounders 51
A New Development 51
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THERMOPLASTICS 51
BACKGROUND 51
REINFORCEMENT DETAILS 52
COMMODITY THERMOPLASTICS 52
Background 52
Polypropylene 53
Background 53
Properties 53
Applications 53
Upgraded Polypropylene 54
Reinforced Polypropylenes 54
Overview 54
High-Impact Grades 54
Long Glass-Fiber Polypropylene 55
Reinforced Polypropylene Products 55
TABLE 8 TRADE NAMES OF KEY FIBER-REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE 55
New Polypropylene Products 56
Borealis 56
Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites 56
Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene 56
Producers 56
TABLE 9 KEY GLOBAL POLYPROPYLENE PRODUCERS AND ESTIMATED CAPACITIES
(BILLION POUNDS/YEAR) 56
Recent Developments 57
Research on the Properties of Polypropylene with Bio-Fillers
and Natural Reinforcements 57
Mineral-Filled Polypropylene Replaces PVC in Profiles 57
Long-Glass Polypropylene Improves Impact at Lower Cost 57
RTP Introduces Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene
Composites 57
Polyethylenes 57
Background 57
Need for Additives 58
High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) 58
Overview 58
Background 58
Processing of HDPE 58
Producers 59
TABLE 10 LEADING GLOBAL HDPE PRODUCERS 59
Reinforced Polyethylenes 59
Some Details on Commercial Reinforced HDPE Composites 59
Ticona's Celstran Additions 59
Flax Fiber-Reinforced Polyethylenes 60
Cellulose Fiber HDPE Composites 60
Recent Developments 60
Coconut Fiber-Reinforced HDPE 60
Polyamide Fiber-Reinforced HDPE 60
Market Estimates and Forecasts 60
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TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMMODITY
THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 61
TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC POLYETHYLENE
COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 61
TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 62
POLYSTYRENE 62
General Purpose Polystyrene 62
High-Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) 62
Background 62
Properties 62
Applications 63
Recent Styrenic Polymer Producer Changes 63
Global Market Players and Industry Leaders 63
Processing 64
Overview 64
TABLE 14 FABRICATION METHODS AND USES FOR POLYSTYRENE 64
Polystyrene Composite Products 64
A Recent Development 65
The Styrene Conundrum 65
Market Estimates and Forecasts 65
TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYSTYRENE COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 65
ACRYLONITRILE-BUTADIENE-STYRENE (ABS) 65
Background 65
Properties 66
Processing 66
Grades 66
Production 67
Reinforced ABS Products 67
Examples of Reinforced ABS Products 67
Market Estimates and Forecasts 67
TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED ABS COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 68
STYRENE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE (SMA) 68
Background 68
Reinforced SMA Composites 69
Examples of Specific Reinforced Grades 69
Market Estimates and Forecasts 69
TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED SMA COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 69
STYRENE-ACRYLONITRILE COPOLYMERS (SAN) 70
Overview 70
Properties 70
Producers 71
Reinforced SAN Composite Products 71
ENGINEERING THERMOPLASTICS (ETPS) 71
Background 71
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Polyamides 72
Background 72
Properties 72
Processing 72
Alloying/Blending of Polyamides 73
Applications 73
Major Types 73
Polyamide 66 73
Polyamide 6 73
Producers and Capacities 73
TABLE 18 KEY GLOBAL POLYAMIDE RESIN PRODUCERS 74
Capacity Additions and Other Changes 74
DSM Increases Capacity for New Polyamides 74
Arkema Increases Production of Rilsan Polyamides 74
Ube Begins Polyamide Production in South America 74
DuPont Goes Ahead with Asian Polyamide Expansion Plans 75
Lanxess Plans New Polyamide Plant 75
Evonik to Build Polyamide 12 Plants in Asia and Europe 75
Rhodia Ups Polyamide Production 75
Arkema Increases Polyamide Capacities in Asia 75
BASF Expands Polyamide Capacity 75
Reinforced Polyamide Composites 76
Examples of Commercial Reinforced Polyamide Composites 76
TABLE 19 SELECTED EXAMPLES OF COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT REINFORCED
POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES 76
New Developments 77
Filament-Wound Polyamides for Compressed Air Tanks 77
Polyamides Made from Natural Fiber 77
Polyamide Dampens Noise in Sports Car 77
Polyamide Spare Wheel Frame 77
New Polyamides for "Crash Optimization" 77
Thermoformed Polyamide for Marine Applications 78
Glass-Filled Thermoformed Polyamide 78
Polyamide Photovoltaic Mounting Systems 78
Polyamides Provides Needed Requirements for Ball
Bearings 78
Market Estimates and Forecasts 78
TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 78
TABLE 21 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES IN THE
AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 79
Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) 79
Background 79
Properties 80
Applications 80
Reinforced PBT Products 80
TABLE 22 KEY REINFORCED PBT COMPOSITES BY TRADE NAME 81
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) 81
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Overview 81
Glycol Modified PET Polyester (PETG) 81
Engineering-Grade PET 82
Reinforced PET 82
Examples of Reinforced PET Products 83
TABLE 23 KEY REINFORCED PET COMPOSITES BY TRADE NAME 83
Market Estimates and Forecasts 83
TABLE 24 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC POLYESTER
COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 83
TABLE 25 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC POLYESTER
COMPOSITES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019
(MILLION POUNDS)
84
Polycarbonates 84
Background 84
General Grades 84
Impact of Bisphenol A on Polycarbonate Usage 85
Processing 85
Properties 85
Property Advantages and Disadvantages 85
Brief Review of Applications 86
Polymer Alloys/Blends 86
Major Polycarbonate Producers 86
TABLE 26 SELECTED MAJOR POLYCARBONATE PRODUCERS AND TRADE-NAMED
PRODUCTS 86
Reinforced Polycarbonates 87
TABLE 27 SELECTED COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT REINFORCED POLYCARBONATE
COMPOSITES BY TRADE NAME AND SUPPLIER 87
Market Estimates and Forecasts 88
TABLE 28 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 88
Polyacetals 88
Background 88
Grades 88
Properties 89
Processing 89
Producers 89
TABLE 29 KEY GLOBAL POLYACETAL TRADE-NAMED PRODUCTS AND PRODUCERS 90
Typical Applications 90
TABLE 30 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF POLYACETALS 90
Examples of Polyacetal Reinforced Products 91
Long Glass-Reinforced Polyacetals 91
Market Estimates and Forecasts 91
TABLE 31 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYACETAL COMPOSITE MARKET BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 92
Polyphenylene Sulfides (PPS) 92
Background 92
Properties 92
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Advantages and Disadvantages 93
Producers 93
Applications 94
PPS Reinforced Products 94
TABLE 32 KEY REINFORCED POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE COMPOSITE PRODUCTS AND
SUPPLIERS 95
Market Estimates and Forecasts 95
TABLE 33 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE COMPOSITE MARKET BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 95
New Developments 96
Blowmolded PPS for High-Temperature Auto Applications 96
Chevron Phillips Product Line Expansion 96
Ticona's New Fortron Reinforced Grades 96
Polyimides/PEI/PAI 96
Properties 96
Polyetherimides (PEIs) 97
Background 97
Properties 97
Producers 98
Applications 98
Polyamides/-imides 98
Overview 98
Properties 98
Applications 99
Key Polyimide Products and Producers 99
Market Estimates and Forecasts 99
TABLE 34 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYIMIDE COMPOSITES, BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 99
New Polyimide Developments 100
Carbon-Fiber PEI Replaces Aluminum 100
Polyimide Blends Provide Very High Heat Stability 100
Liquid Crystal Polymers 100
Background 100
Properties 100
Applications 101
Background 101
Electronic/Electrical 101
LCP Reinforced Products 102
Producers 102
TABLE 35 KEY GLOBAL LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER PRODUCERS AND ESTIMATED
CAPACITIES 102
Market Estimates and Forecasts 103
TABLE 36 GLOBAL REINFORCED LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER COMPOSITE MARKET
BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 103
New Developments and Products 103
DuPont Sells LCP Business 103
New Reinforced LCP Grades 104
Polysulfones 104
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Background 104
Types of Polysulfones 104
Grades 105
Further Application Details 105
Polysulfone Producers and Trade-named Products 105
Reinforced Polysulfone Products 105
Market Estimates and Forecasts 106
TABLE 37 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYSULFONE COMPOSITE MARKET BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 106
A New Development 106
BASF Develops Low-Friction Polysulfones 106
Polymer Alloys/Blends 106
Background 106
PC/ABS 107
Background 107
Grades and Properties 107
Applications 107
Reinforced Grades 108
PPO/HIPS 108
Background 108
Properties and Advantages 108
Grades 109
Processing 109
Specific Applications of Reinforced Noryl Grades 109
Other Applications 109
PPO/Polyamides 110
Background and Properties 110
Grades and Applications 110
PC/PBT 111
Background 111
Properties 111
Applications 111
PC/PET 112
Other Polymer Alloys/Blends 112
Market Estimates and Forecasts 112
TABLE 38 GLOBAL REINFORCED POLYMER ALLOYS/BLENDS COMPOSITE MARKET
BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 113
New Products and Developments of Polymer Alloys/Blends 113
PBT/ASA Low Warpage Resins 113
OTHER REINFORCED THERMOPLASTICS 113
Polyketones 113
Background 113
Properties 113
Polyketone Composites 114
Applications 114
Applications by Industry 114
Producers 115
New PEEK Products and Developments 115
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PEEK Masterbatches 115
PEEK Resins and Carbon Nanotubes 115
Polyaryletherketone (PAEK) Activities 115
Carbon-Fiber PEEK Compounds 115
Market Estimates and Forecasts 115
TABLE 39 GLOBAL MARKET FOR OTHER REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC
COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 116
MARKET SUMMARY FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTICS/COMPOSITES 116
TABLE 40 TOTAL GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC
COMPOSITES BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 116
CHAPTER 5 OTHER IMPORTANT GROUPINGS OF REINFORCED PLASTICS/COMPOSITES 119
OVERVIEW 119
GLASS MAT THERMOPLASTICS (GMTS) 119
OVERVIEW 119
BACKGROUND 119
TECHNOLOGY 119
SUPPLIER SCENARIO 120
APPLICATIONS 120
MARKET SIZE 120
LONG FIBER-REINFORCED THERMOPLASTICS (LFRTS) 121
BACKGROUND 121
OTHER FACTORS 121
PROCESSING 122
PROPERTIES 122
BENEFITS 122
LIMITATIONS 123
RESIN MATRICES 123
SUPPLIERS 123
SUMMARY 124
CELSTRAN'S PRODUCTS 124
IMPORTANT GLOBAL PLAYERS IN LFRTS 124
MARKET SIZE 125
TABLE 41 GLOBAL LFRT DEMAND BY INDUSTRY (AS PERCENT OF TOTAL) 125
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 126
New Processing May Increase LFRT Usage 126
European Car Used Epoxy LFRT 126
Other Auto Advances with LFRTs 126
Predicting Results from LFRT Usage 126
New Polypropylene LFRT for Automotive Parts 126
THERMOSET RESINS 127
OVERVIEW 127
FIBER-REINFORCED GRADES 127
OUTLOOK 127
GENERAL PROPERTIES 127
TABLE 42 REINFORCED THERMOSET PLASTIC COMPOSITE PROPERTIES AND
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES 128
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UNSATURATED POLYESTERS 128
Background 128
Ingredients of Unsaturated Polyester Formulations 129
TABLE 43 KEY INGREDIENTS OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN FORMULATIONS
IN DESCENDING ORDER OF COMMERCIAL USE 129
Types of Unsaturated Polyesters 129
Applications 129
Overview 129
Construction/Infrastructure 130
Bathroom Products 130
Corrosion-Resistant Products 130
Marine Products 130
Transportation 130
Other Applications 130
Nonreinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 131
Examples of Commercial Reinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 131
TABLE 44 KEY COMMERCIAL REINFORCED UNSATURATED POLYESTERS COMPOSITE
TRADE NAMES AND SUPPLIERS 131
Recent Developments 131
Use of Wood Fibers Improves Unsaturated Polyester Composites 131
Use of Kraft Fiber-Reinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 132
Depolymerization of Unsaturated Polyesters 132
Market Estimates and Forecasts 132
TABLE 45 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED UNSATURATED POLYESTER
COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 132
TABLE 46 GLOBAL MARKET OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER COMPOSITE
AUTOMOTIVE MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 133
VINYL ESTERS 133
Background 133
Technologies 134
Properties 134
Characteristics 134
Applications 134
Differences between Unsaturated Polyesters and Vinyl Esters 135
Commercially Important Reinforced Vinyl Esters 135
TABLE 47 KEY COMMERCIAL REINFORCED VINYL ESTER COMPOSITES AND
SUPPLIERS 136
Market Estimates and Forecasts 136
TABLE 48 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED VINYL ESTER COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 136
New Developments/Products 137
Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Vinyl Ester Resins 137
Cray Valley Introduces Epovia Vinyl Esters 137
EPOXY RESINS 137
Background 137
Chemistry 138
Chemical Epoxy Types 138
Technology 138
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Epoxy Systems 138
Background 138
Nonmolded 139
Laminating Systems 139
Molded Epoxies 139
Advanced Epoxy Composites 139
Other Applications 140
Manufacturing Methods 140
Key Reinforced Epoxy Resin Trade-Named Products 140
New Developments/Products 140
Graphene-Reinforced Epoxy Resins 140
Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Epoxy (CNT Epoxy) 141
Market Estimates and Forecasts 141
TABLE 49 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 141
PHENOLICS 142
Background 142
Technology 142
Grades 142
Molding Compounds 143
Applications 143
Examples of Reinforced Phenolic Grades 143
Recent Developments 144
Reinforced Phenolic Nano-Composites 144
Phenolic Armoring Prepreg 144
Fire-Safe Phenolic Composite Marine Products 144
Reinforced Phenolic Resin Suppliers 145
TABLE 50 KEY REINFORCED PHENOLIC COMPOSITES TRADE NAMES AND
SUPPLIERS 145
Market Estimates and Forecasts 145
TABLE 51 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PHENOLIC COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 145
POLYURETHANES 146
Background 146
Polyureas 146
RIM Products 146
RRIM Products 146
SRIM Products 147
Competing Products 147
Advantages 148
Reinforced Polyurethane Products 148
Polyurethane Composites and the Automotive Industry 148
Market Estimates and Forecasts 149
TABLE 52 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYURETHANE COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 149
Recent Developments 149
Structural Polyurethanes 149
Dow Introduces VORAFORCE Polyurethane Pultruded Resin 150
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Bayer Material Science Advances 150
MISCELLANEOUS FIBER-REINFORCED THERMOSETS 150
Diallyl Phthalate (DAP) 150
Background and Applications 150
Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs) 151
Cyanate Esters 151
Polybutadiene Resins 151
Market Estimates and Forecasts 152
TABLE 53 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED OTHER THERMOSET COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 152
MARKET SUMMARY OF REINFORCED THERMOSET COMPOSITES 152
TABLE 54 GLOBAL MARKET SUMMARY OF REINFORCED THERMOSET COMPOSITES
BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 153
MARKET SUMMARY OF REINFORCED PLASTICS BY RESIN 153
TABLE 55 TOTAL GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY RESIN,
THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 153
TABLE 56 TOTAL GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY
GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS, THROUGH 2019 (BILLION POUNDS) 154
CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS 156
OVERVIEW 156
AUTOMOTIVE 156
OVERVIEW 156
CAFE ISSUES 157
AUTOMOTIVE UNDER-THE-HOOD SEGMENT 158
Overview 158
Background 159
Key Factors of the UTH Resin Market 159
TABLE 57 SELECTED AUTOMOTIVE UNDER-THE-HOOD REINFORCED RESIN
COMPOSITES BY PART 160
More UTH Developments 161
Overview of Electronic Components 161
Material Usage 161
Expanded Use of Encapsulated Components 162
Bobbins/Connectors 163
Switches/Sockets 163
Ignition Components 163
Plastic Rocker Covers 164
Catalytic Converters 164
Valve Covers 164
Intake Manifolds 164
Heating/Air-Conditioning Equipment 165
Reservoirs 165
Market Estimates and Forecasts 165
TABLE 58 GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE UTH MARKET
BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 166
AUTOMOTIVE EXTERIORS 166
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Use of Reinforced Plastics Composites 166
Body Panels 167
Horizontal vs. Vertical Body Panels (Steel vs. SMC) 167
General Decision Factors for Body Panels 167
Carbon-Fiber SMC 168
Need for Class A Finishes 168
Other SMC Competition 168
Other Considerations 168
Paint-Free SMCs' 169
Fenders 170
Background 170
Thermoplastics in Fenders 170
Bumper Systems 170
Background 170
Bumper Systems and Products 170
Side Molding/Trim 171
Radiator/Grilles 171
Overall Usage of Resins in Exterior Auto Parts 171
TABLE 59 RESINS USED FOR SPECIFIC EXTERIOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTS 172
Market Estimates and Forecasts 172
TABLE 60 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE
EXTERIOR MARKET, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 172
AUTOMOTIVE INTERIORS 173
Background 173
Overview of Specific Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Auto Interior
Applications 173
TABLE 61 RESINS USED FOR SPECIFIC INTERIOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTS 174
Seat-Related Auto Interior Parts 174
Background 174
Front Seat Bases 174
Front Seat Shells 175
Front Seat Backs 175
Rear Seats 175
Child Safety Seats 175
Rear Seat Backs 175
Tough Resins Needed for Airbag Doors 176
Instrument Panels 176
Overview 176
Instrument Panel Structures 176
Knee Bolsters 177
Background 177
Resins Used 177
Consoles 177
Headliners 178
Overview 178
Resin Usage 178
Flooring 178
Package Shelves/Trays 178
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Market Estimates and Forecasts 179
TABLE 62 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES IN
AUTOMOTIVE INTERIORS BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 179
TABLE 63 TOTAL GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE MARKET
BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 180
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS WITH REINFORCED PLASTICS COMPOSITES IN
AUTOMOTIVE 180
Some Basics and Examples Regarding Lowering the Weight of Autos 180
The Car Body of the Future 181
Questions of Economic Viability of Carbon Fiber Composites in Autos 181
Growth of Reinforced Epoxies in the Auto Market 181
Are Large Automakers Being Too Cautious to Make the 2025
Deadline of 54.5 Miles per Gallon' 182
Chinese Auto Production Aiming for Increased Plastic Usage 182
Global Historical, Current and Projected Rates of Auto Material Usage 182
TABLE 64 FORECAST OF GLOBAL MATERIAL USAGE IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY,
THROUGH 2035 (%) 183
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF REINFORCED PLASTICS COMPOSITES IN
AUTOMOTIVE 183
New Group to Foster Use of Composites in Autos 183
New Continuous-Fiber Laminate Overmolding Compound for
Automotive Uses 183
Production of Lightweight Carbon Fiber'Reinforced Engine Hood in 15
Minutes 183
Potential Results from Carbon Fiber Reinforcement Fibers Producers
and Automotive Producers Joint Ventures 184
Dow Automotive Opens Several Composite Centers 184
Composite Car Floors 184
Rice-Hull Reinforced Plastics in Trucks 184
Composites Reduce Wheel Weight 184
Reinforced Polyamides Used for Front-End Carrier 185
Polyamides Polyester Replace SMC in Modular Trucks 185
FUEL CELLS IN AUTOMOTIVE 185
Background 185
Possible Future Scenario 185
Types of Fuel Cells and Components 185
Materials and Processes 186
Other Items of Interest 186
Companies Involved 186
What Does the Future Hold' 187
Recent Developments 187
CONSTRUCTION/INFRASTRUCTURE 187
OVERVIEW 187
BACKGROUND 188
ADVANTAGES OF REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES IN CONSTRUCTION 188
INFRASTRUCTURE APPLICATIONS 188
Structural Shapes 189
Pre-Engineered Structural Systems 189
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SOME BARRIERS TO REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE USAGE 189
ADVANTAGES OF REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES 189
ROADBLOCKS 190
INFRASTRUCTURE REPAIR 190
Jacketing 190
Concrete Reinforcement 191
Background 191
Rebars/PlateBonding 191
Concrete Highway Pavement 191
BRIDGES 191
Overview 191
Bridge Cables from Composites 192
Domestic Scenario 192
Other Scenarios 193
Recent Developments 193
European Project 193
U.S. Project 193
BATHROOM PRODUCTS 193
Overview 193
Development of Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastics in Bathrooms 194
PANELS 194
Overview 194
Natural Fibers for Panels 195
Market Estimates and Forecasts 195
TABLE 65 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE
CONSTRUCTION/INFRASTRUCTURE BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 195
Recent Developments 196
Replacing Stainless Steel 196
Storing Water Underground 196
ANTICORROSION MARKETS 196
Background 196
Use of Reinforced Plastic Composites 197
Resurgence in Corrosion-Resistant Composites 197
Example of Industries Impacted by Corrosion-Underground Storage
Tanks 197
Further Details on Facilities Using Reinforced Plastic Composites for
Anticorrosion 198
Chemical Water Treatment Plants 198
Chemical Plants 198
Markets 198
Key Products 198
Other Applications for Anticorrosion Products 199
Market Estimates and Forecasts 199
TABLE 66 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES
ANTICORROSION MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 199
MARINE MARKETS 200
OVERVIEW 200
MATERIALS 200
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Glass 200
Carbon 201
Aramid 201
Epoxy/Vinyl Ester 201
TRENDS IN MARINE COMPOSITES 201
MARINE REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES PLUSES AND MINUSES 201
MARKET SIZE 202
MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS 202
TABLE 67 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARINE
PRODUCTS BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 202
ELECTRONICS 203
OVERVIEW 203
MARKETS 203
GROWTH 203
TECHNOLOGIES 203
REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES MOVE AHEAD IN ELECTRONICS 204
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS (PCBS) 204
Background 204
Physical Composition 204
Types of Rigid Boards 205
Assembly Technologies 205
E-Glass Suppliers 205
Issues Facing Plastics Usage 205
PCB Substrates 205
TABLE 68 IMPORTANT TECHNICAL FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN SELECTING PCB
SUBSTRATE MATERIALS 205
Rigid PCBs 206
Background 206
Standard FR-4 Epoxy Resin 206
Types of Reinforcements 207
Epoxies 207
Overview 207
Important Epoxy Grades and Producers 208
Polyurethane RIM Products 208
RRIM Products 208
SRIM Products 209
Additional Details 209
Applications 209
Key Polyurethane Suppliers 209
Phenolics Electric/Electronic Applications 210
Producers 210
Reinforced Unsaturated Polyesters 210
THERMOPLASTICS 211
Overview 211
Reinforced Polyamides 211
Background 211
Electric/Electronic Applications 212
Reinforced Polyesters 212
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PBT Usage 212
PET Electronic Products 213
Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) 213
Polyimides 213
Polycarbonates 214
Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCPs) 214
Polysulfones 214
Polymer Alloys/Blends 215
Market Estimate and Forecasts 215
TABLE 69 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES ELECTRONICS
MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 215
CHANGES IN ELECTRONIC COMPONENT MANUFACTURE THAT COULD
IMPACT REINFORCED COMPOSITE RESIN CHOICES 216
APPLIANCES 217
BACKGROUND 217
APPLIANCE CATEGORIES 218
KEY APPLICATIONS OF PLASTICS IN APPLIANCES 218
TABLE 70 SELECTED MAJOR APPLICATIONS FOR POLYMERS IN APPLIANCES 219
FIBER-REINFORCED PLASTIC USAGE 219
MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS 219
TABLE 71 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE APPLIANCE
MARKET BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 219
AEROSPACE 220
OVERVIEW 220
BACKGROUND 221
MILITARY AIRCRAFT 221
INTERIOR AIRCRAFT PARTS 221
COMPOSITION OF REINFORCED AIRCRAFT PLASTIC PARTS 222
MATERIAL USAGE 222
Overview 222
Aramid Fiber Composites 222
POTENTIAL PROBLEMS WITH FUSELAGE COMPONENTS 223
COMPOSITE SUPPLIERS 223
MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS 223
TABLE 72 GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE AEROSPACE MARKET BY
RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 223
NEW DEVELOPMENTS 224
Aerospace Industry Composite Market Size 224
Airbus Has Assembled the First A350 XWB 224
The Aircraft of the Future' 224
Even Aircraft Engines are Moving to Composites 224
CONSUMER PRODUCTS 224
BACKGROUND 224
MEDICAL DEVICES 225
Status of the Healthcare Industry 225
Overall Plastic Usage 225
Polymers Used 225
Background 225
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Commodity Thermoplastics 225
Engineering Resins 226
Thermoset Resins 226
Orthopedic Implants and Prostheses 226
Overview 226
Recent Developments 227
Carbon Fibers for Foot Prosthetics 227
Composite Bone Implant Approved 227
Composite Lumbar Spacer Implant 227
Surgical Seals 227
SPORTS/RECREATION EQUIPMENT 228
Background 228
General Resin Usage 228
Skis and Other Winter Sports Equipment 228
Recreation Boards 229
Bicycles 229
Specific Reinforced Plastics Products Used in Sports and Recreation
Products 229
LAWN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT 230
Overview 230
Resin Usage 230
Market Estimates and Forecasts 231
TABLE 73 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE CONSUMER
PRODUCTS BY RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 231
MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS 232
Background 232
POWER MARKET 232
Overview 232
Distribution/Utility Poles 232
Cross Arms 233
Summary of Benefits Derived from Composites in the Power Market 233
OTHER TRANSPORTATION MARKETS 234
Overview 234
Rail Applications 234
Background 234
Monorails 234
Phenolic Composite Usage in Mass Transit 235
A Recent Development 235
Eurorail Standards Cause Changes 235
WIND ENERGY PRODUCTS 235
Background 235
Technology 236
Opportunities and Limits 236
Wind Turbine Blade Manufacture 236
Building Larger Blades to Increase Share of the Wind May Not be the
Best Option 236
Global Wind Business Seems to be Increasing Since the Most Recent
Economic Slump 237
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OILFIELD-RELATED APPLICATIONS 237
WATER DESALINATION 237
REINFORCED PLASTICS IN-GROUND TANKS 238
MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS 238
TABLE 74 GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MISCELLANEOUS MARKET BY
RESIN, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 238
SUMMARY OF REINFORCED PLASTICS APPLICATIONS MARKET 239
TABLE 75 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 239
OBSERVATIONS AND ISSUES CONCERNING THE FUTURE OF THE GLOBAL
REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET 239
RECENT REINFORCED PLASTICS COMPOSITE DEVELOPMENTS 240
OWENS CORNING OPENS CHINA COMPOSITE SITE 240
BOEING 787 DREAMLINER COMPOSITE PARTS 240
AN IMPORTANT SHIFT IN AUTOMOTIVE COMPOSITES 241
FORD AND DOW CHEMICAL JOIN FORCES TO DEVELOP CARBON
COMPOSITES FOR AUTO PRODUCTION 241
ASIAN COMPOSITE GROWTH IN AUTOS AIMED AT PASSING BOTH THE U.S.
AND EUROPE 241
THE COMPOSITES INDUSTRY STILL FACES SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES 241
CHAPTER 7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND RECYCLING ISSUES 243
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES 243
WEIGHT REDUCTION 243
LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS 243
RECYCLING 243
OVERVIEW 243
SPECIAL CONCERNS 244
DO REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITES REQUIRE A BETTER SOLUTION FOR
THEIR END-LIFE' 244
EFFORTS IN THERMOSET RECYCLING 244
Background 244
Pyrolysis 245
Glass Separation 245
Grinding 245
Carbon-Fiber Recycling 245
Composites Can Be Recycled 245
Position Paper on Recycling Glass-Reinforced Thermoset Composites 246
Fourth International Symposium on Fiber Recycling 246
CHAPTER 8 COMPANY PROFILES 248
AOC LLC 248
ASHLAND SPECIALTY CHEMICAL COMPANY 248
BULK MOLDING COMPOUNDS, INC. 249
THE COMPOSITES GROUP 249
CONTINENTAL STRUCTURAL PLASTICS 249
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COOK COMPOSITES AND POLYMERS (CPP) 250
CORE MOLDING TECHNOLOGIES 250
DSM ENGINEERING PLASTICS NORTH AMERICA 251
FERRO CORPORATION 251
GEORGIA-PACIFIC CHEMICALS LLC 252
GLASFORMS, INC. 252
HANWHA AZDEL SPECIALTIES 253
HAYSITE REINFORCED PLASTICS 253
HEXCEL CORPORATION 254
IDI COMPOSITES INTERNATIONAL 254
INTERPLASTIC CORPORATION 254
LNP ENGINEERING PLASTICS 255
OWENS CORNING 255
MOMENTIVE SPECIALTY CHEMICALS 256
PREMIX, INC. 256
QUADRANT PLASTIC COMPOSITES 257
QUANTUM COMPOSITES 257
REICHHOLD CHEMICAL 258
RTP COMPANY 258
TICONA 259
CHAPTER 9 APPENDIX A: ACRONYMS 261
CHAPTER 10 APPENDIX B: GLOSSARY OF TERMS 265
LIST OF TABLES
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL REINFORCED PLASTIC COMPOSITE MARKET BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 6
TABLE 1 ADVANTAGES OF SOLID GLASS MICROSPHERES 18
TABLE 2 IMPORTANT GLASS FIBER SUPPLIERS 18
TABLE 3 KEY NATURAL FIBERS AND MAJOR CULTIVATION AREAS 32
TABLE 4 KEY NANOCOMPOSITE SUPPLIERS 40
TABLE 5 SELECTED MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND PROPERTIES OF
REINFORCED THERMOSET COMPOSITES 43
TABLE 6 TYPICAL SMC FORMULATIONS (WEIGHT PERCENT) 46
TABLE 7 KEY SMC PRODUCERS 48
TABLE 8 TRADE NAMES OF KEY FIBER-REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE 55
TABLE 9 KEY GLOBAL POLYPROPYLENE PRODUCERS AND ESTIMATED CAPACITIES
(BILLION POUNDS/YEAR) 56
TABLE 10 LEADING GLOBAL HDPE PRODUCERS 59
TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC COMMODITY
THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 61
TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED PLASTIC POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES
BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 61
TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES BY
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APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 62
TABLE 14 FABRICATION METHODS AND USES FOR POLYSTYRENE 64
TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYSTYRENE COMPOSITES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 65
TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED ABS COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 68
TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED SMA COMPOSITES BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 (MILLION POUNDS) 69
TABLE 18 KEY GLOBAL POLYAMIDE RESIN PRODUCERS 74
TABLE 19 SELECTED EXAMPLES OF COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT REINFORCED
POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES 76
TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMP
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