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The Global Competitiveness Index 2014–2015 Rankings
Covering 144 economies, the Global Competitiveness Index 2014–2015 measures national competitiveness—defi ned as the set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity.
1
10
19
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37
46
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13
22
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7
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11
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41
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48
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42
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18
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45
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Switzerland 5.70 1Singapore 5.65 2United States 5.54 5Finland 5.50 3Germany 5.49 4Japan 5.47 9Hong Kong SAR 5.46 7Netherlands 5.45 8United Kingdom 5.41 10Sweden 5.41 6Norway 5.35 11United Arab Emirates 5.33 19Denmark 5.29 15Taiwan, China 5.25 12Canada 5.24 14Qatar 5.24 13New Zealand 5.20 18Belgium 5.18 17Luxembourg 5.17 22Malaysia 5.16 24Austria 5.16 16Australia 5.08 21France 5.08 23Saudi Arabia 5.06 20Ireland 4.98 28Korea, Rep. 4.96 25Israel 4.95 27China 4.89 29Estonia 4.71 32Iceland 4.71 31Thailand 4.66 37Puerto Rico 4.64 30Chile 4.60 34Indonesia 4.57 38Spain 4.55 35Portugal 4.54 51Czech Republic 4.53 46Azerbaijan 4.53 39Mauritius 4.52 45Kuwait 4.51 36Lithuania 4.51 48Latvia 4.50 52Poland 4.48 42Bahrain 4.48 43Turkey 4.46 44Oman 4.46 33Malta 4.45 41Panama 4.43 40
51
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69
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96
54
63
72
81
90
57
66
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84
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61
70
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88
55
64
73
82
91
58
67
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62
71
80
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56
65
74
83
92
59
68
77
86
95
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Italy 4.42 49Kazakhstan 4.42 50Costa Rica 4.42 54Philippines 4.40 59Russian Federation 4.37 64Bulgaria 4.37 57Barbados 4.36 47South Africa 4.35 53Brazil 4.34 56Cyprus 4.31 58Romania 4.30 76Hungary 4.28 63Mexico 4.27 55Rwanda 4.27 66Macedonia, FYR 4.26 73Jordan 4.25 68Peru 4.24 61Colombia 4.23 69Montenegro 4.23 67Vietnam 4.23 70Georgia 4.22 72Slovenia 4.22 62India 4.21 60Morocco 4.21 77Sri Lanka 4.19 65Botswana 4.15 74Slovak Republic 4.15 78Ukraine 4.14 84Croatia 4.13 75Guatemala 4.10 86Algeria 4.08 100Uruguay 4.04 85Greece 4.04 91Moldova 4.03 89Iran, Islamic Rep. 4.03 82El Salvador 4.01 97Armenia 4.01 79Jamaica 3.98 94Tunisia 3.96 83Namibia 3.96 90Trinidad and Tobago 3.95 92Kenya 3.93 96Tajikistan 3.93 n/aSeychelles 3.91 80Lao PDR 3.91 81Serbia 3.90 101Cambodia 3.89 88Zambia 3.86 93
101
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128
137
104
113
122
131
140
107
116
125
134
143
102
111
120
129
138
105
114
123
132
141
108
117
126
135
144
103
112
121
130
139
106
115
124
133
142
109
118
127
136
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Albania 3.84 95Mongolia 3.83 107Nicaragua 3.82 99Honduras 3.82 111Dominican Republic 3.82 105Nepal 3.81 117Bhutan 3.80 109Argentina 3.79 104Bolivia 3.77 98Gabon 3.74 112Lesotho 3.73 123Kyrgyz Republic 3.73 121Bangladesh 3.72 110Suriname 3.71 106Ghana 3.71 114Senegal 3.70 113Lebanon 3.68 103Cape Verde 3.68 122Côte d'Ivoire 3.67 126Cameroon 3.66 115Guyana 3.65 102Ethiopia 3.60 127Egypt 3.60 118Paraguay 3.59 119Tanzania 3.57 125Uganda 3.56 129Swaziland 3.55 124Zimbabwe 3.54 131Gambia, The 3.53 116Libya 3.48 108Nigeria 3.44 120Mali 3.43 135Pakistan 3.42 133Madagascar 3.41 132Venezuela 3.32 134Malawi 3.25 136Mozambique 3.24 137Myanmar 3.24 139Burkina Faso 3.21 140Timor-Leste 3.17 138Haiti 3.14 143Sierra Leone 3.10 144Burundi 3.09 146Angola 3.04 142Mauritania 3.00 141Yemen 2.96 145Chad 2.85 148Guinea 2.79 147
Advanced Economies
Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan
Emerging and Developing Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
Commonwealth of Independent States
Emerging and Developing Europe
Sub-Saharan Africa
85
99
97
100
98
49
50
Competitiveness Report Series
Acknowledgements
The World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network is pleased to acknowledge and thank its network of valued Partner Institutes, without which the realization of The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015 would not have been possible. Partner Institutes typically consist of leading research or academic institutes, business organizations, national competitiveness councils or recognized professional entities, committed to improving the competitiveness of their economy. By being responsible for the administration of the Executive Opinion Survey in their countries, the Partner Institutes provide the Forum with a representative sample of data, which allows the research to be carried out.
Switzerland91-93 route de la Capite,CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva
T +41 (0) 22 869 1212F +41 (0) 22 786 [email protected]
weforum.org/gcr
Since 1979, through its research on competitiveness and associated publications and outreach work, the Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network has provided governments, policy-makers, the business community and academia with invaluable insights into the policies, institutions and factors determining national competitiveness. Its research raises awareness and provides a platform for discussing these issues.
About the World Economic ForumThe World Economic Forum is an international institution committed to improving the state of the world through public-private cooperation. It engages political, business, academic and other leaders of society in collaborative efforts to shape global, regional and industry agendas. Together with other stakeholders, it works to defi ne challenges, solutions and actions, always in the spirit of global citizenship. It was established in 1971 as a not-for-profi t foundation and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. It is independent and impartial, and is not tied to any special interests. It works in close cooperation with all major international organizations.
The Global Information Technology Report
This report provides a comprehensive assessment of “networked readiness”—how prepared an economy is to apply the benefi ts of ICT to promote economic growth and well-being.
The Global Enabling Trade Report
This report assesses the quality of policies, infrastructure and services facilitating the free fl ow of goods over borders and to their destinations. It helps economies integrate global value chains and companies into their investment decisions. It informs policy dialogue and provides a tool to monitor progress on certain aspects of global trade.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report
This report assesses economies based on the policies they are implementing to develop the travel and tourism sector. It explores how the travel and tourism industry has the potential to boost economic resilience and job creation, and examines a number of factors that continue to hinder its development.
1 Scale ranges from 1 to 7.
2 2013-2014 rank out of 148 economies.
3 Evolution in percentile rank since 2007. Sparkline axes are economy specifi c.
Insight Report
The GlobalCompetitiveness Report2014–2015Highlights
The Global Competitiveness Index 2014–2015 Rankings
Covering 144 economies, the Global Competitiveness Index 2014–2015 measures national competitiveness—defi ned as the set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity.
1
10
19
28
37
46
4
13
22
31
40
7
16
25
34
43
2
11
20
29
38
47
5
14
23
32
41
8
17
26
35
44
3
12
21
30
39
48
6
15
24
33
42
9
18
27
36
45
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Switzerland 5.70 1Singapore 5.65 2United States 5.54 5Finland 5.50 3Germany 5.49 4Japan 5.47 9Hong Kong SAR 5.46 7Netherlands 5.45 8United Kingdom 5.41 10Sweden 5.41 6Norway 5.35 11United Arab Emirates 5.33 19Denmark 5.29 15Taiwan, China 5.25 12Canada 5.24 14Qatar 5.24 13New Zealand 5.20 18Belgium 5.18 17Luxembourg 5.17 22Malaysia 5.16 24Austria 5.16 16Australia 5.08 21France 5.08 23Saudi Arabia 5.06 20Ireland 4.98 28Korea, Rep. 4.96 25Israel 4.95 27China 4.89 29Estonia 4.71 32Iceland 4.71 31Thailand 4.66 37Puerto Rico 4.64 30Chile 4.60 34Indonesia 4.57 38Spain 4.55 35Portugal 4.54 51Czech Republic 4.53 46Azerbaijan 4.53 39Mauritius 4.52 45Kuwait 4.51 36Lithuania 4.51 48Latvia 4.50 52Poland 4.48 42Bahrain 4.48 43Turkey 4.46 44Oman 4.46 33Malta 4.45 41Panama 4.43 40
51
60
69
78
87
96
54
63
72
81
90
57
66
75
84
93
52
61
70
79
88
55
64
73
82
91
58
67
76
94
53
62
71
80
89
56
65
74
83
92
59
68
77
86
95
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Italy 4.42 49Kazakhstan 4.42 50Costa Rica 4.42 54Philippines 4.40 59Russian Federation 4.37 64Bulgaria 4.37 57Barbados 4.36 47South Africa 4.35 53Brazil 4.34 56Cyprus 4.31 58Romania 4.30 76Hungary 4.28 63Mexico 4.27 55Rwanda 4.27 66Macedonia, FYR 4.26 73Jordan 4.25 68Peru 4.24 61Colombia 4.23 69Montenegro 4.23 67Vietnam 4.23 70Georgia 4.22 72Slovenia 4.22 62India 4.21 60Morocco 4.21 77Sri Lanka 4.19 65Botswana 4.15 74Slovak Republic 4.15 78Ukraine 4.14 84Croatia 4.13 75Guatemala 4.10 86Algeria 4.08 100Uruguay 4.04 85Greece 4.04 91Moldova 4.03 89Iran, Islamic Rep. 4.03 82El Salvador 4.01 97Armenia 4.01 79Jamaica 3.98 94Tunisia 3.96 83Namibia 3.96 90Trinidad and Tobago 3.95 92Kenya 3.93 96Tajikistan 3.93 n/aSeychelles 3.91 80Lao PDR 3.91 81Serbia 3.90 101Cambodia 3.89 88Zambia 3.86 93
101
110
119
128
137
104
113
122
131
140
107
116
125
134
143
102
111
120
129
138
105
114
123
132
141
108
117
126
135
144
103
112
121
130
139
106
115
124
133
142
109
118
127
136
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Albania 3.84 95Mongolia 3.83 107Nicaragua 3.82 99Honduras 3.82 111Dominican Republic 3.82 105Nepal 3.81 117Bhutan 3.80 109Argentina 3.79 104Bolivia 3.77 98Gabon 3.74 112Lesotho 3.73 123Kyrgyz Republic 3.73 121Bangladesh 3.72 110Suriname 3.71 106Ghana 3.71 114Senegal 3.70 113Lebanon 3.68 103Cape Verde 3.68 122Côte d'Ivoire 3.67 126Cameroon 3.66 115Guyana 3.65 102Ethiopia 3.60 127Egypt 3.60 118Paraguay 3.59 119Tanzania 3.57 125Uganda 3.56 129Swaziland 3.55 124Zimbabwe 3.54 131Gambia, The 3.53 116Libya 3.48 108Nigeria 3.44 120Mali 3.43 135Pakistan 3.42 133Madagascar 3.41 132Venezuela 3.32 134Malawi 3.25 136Mozambique 3.24 137Myanmar 3.24 139Burkina Faso 3.21 140Timor-Leste 3.17 138Haiti 3.14 143Sierra Leone 3.10 144Burundi 3.09 146Angola 3.04 142Mauritania 3.00 141Yemen 2.96 145Chad 2.85 148Guinea 2.79 147
Advanced Economies
Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan
Emerging and Developing Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
Commonwealth of Independent States
Emerging and Developing Europe
Sub-Saharan Africa
85
99
97
100
98
49
50
Competitiveness Report Series
Acknowledgements
The World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network is pleased to acknowledge and thank its network of valued Partner Institutes, without which the realization of The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015 would not have been possible. Partner Institutes typically consist of leading research or academic institutes, business organizations, national competitiveness councils or recognized professional entities, committed to improving the competitiveness of their economy. By being responsible for the administration of the Executive Opinion Survey in their countries, the Partner Institutes provide the Forum with a representative sample of data, which allows the research to be carried out.
Switzerland91-93 route de la Capite,CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva
T +41 (0) 22 869 1212F +41 (0) 22 786 [email protected]
weforum.org/gcr
Since 1979, through its research on competitiveness and associated publications and outreach work, the Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network has provided governments, policy-makers, the business community and academia with invaluable insights into the policies, institutions and factors determining national competitiveness. Its research raises awareness and provides a platform for discussing these issues.
About the World Economic ForumThe World Economic Forum is an international institution committed to improving the state of the world through public-private cooperation. It engages political, business, academic and other leaders of society in collaborative efforts to shape global, regional and industry agendas. Together with other stakeholders, it works to defi ne challenges, solutions and actions, always in the spirit of global citizenship. It was established in 1971 as a not-for-profi t foundation and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. It is independent and impartial, and is not tied to any special interests. It works in close cooperation with all major international organizations.
The Global Information Technology Report
This report provides a comprehensive assessment of “networked readiness”—how prepared an economy is to apply the benefi ts of ICT to promote economic growth and well-being.
The Global Enabling Trade Report
This report assesses the quality of policies, infrastructure and services facilitating the free fl ow of goods over borders and to their destinations. It helps economies integrate global value chains and companies into their investment decisions. It informs policy dialogue and provides a tool to monitor progress on certain aspects of global trade.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report
This report assesses economies based on the policies they are implementing to develop the travel and tourism sector. It explores how the travel and tourism industry has the potential to boost economic resilience and job creation, and examines a number of factors that continue to hinder its development.
1 Scale ranges from 1 to 7.
2 2013-2014 rank out of 148 economies.
3 Evolution in percentile rank since 2007. Sparkline axes are economy specifi c.
Insight Report
The GlobalCompetitiveness Report2014–2015Highlights
The Global Competitiveness Index 2014–2015 Rankings
Covering 144 economies, the Global Competitiveness Index 2014–2015 measures national competitiveness—defi ned as the set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity.
1
10
19
28
37
46
4
13
22
31
40
7
16
25
34
43
2
11
20
29
38
47
5
14
23
32
41
8
17
26
35
44
3
12
21
30
39
48
6
15
24
33
42
9
18
27
36
45
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Switzerland 5.70 1Singapore 5.65 2United States 5.54 5Finland 5.50 3Germany 5.49 4Japan 5.47 9Hong Kong SAR 5.46 7Netherlands 5.45 8United Kingdom 5.41 10Sweden 5.41 6Norway 5.35 11United Arab Emirates 5.33 19Denmark 5.29 15Taiwan, China 5.25 12Canada 5.24 14Qatar 5.24 13New Zealand 5.20 18Belgium 5.18 17Luxembourg 5.17 22Malaysia 5.16 24Austria 5.16 16Australia 5.08 21France 5.08 23Saudi Arabia 5.06 20Ireland 4.98 28Korea, Rep. 4.96 25Israel 4.95 27China 4.89 29Estonia 4.71 32Iceland 4.71 31Thailand 4.66 37Puerto Rico 4.64 30Chile 4.60 34Indonesia 4.57 38Spain 4.55 35Portugal 4.54 51Czech Republic 4.53 46Azerbaijan 4.53 39Mauritius 4.52 45Kuwait 4.51 36Lithuania 4.51 48Latvia 4.50 52Poland 4.48 42Bahrain 4.48 43Turkey 4.46 44Oman 4.46 33Malta 4.45 41Panama 4.43 40
51
60
69
78
87
96
54
63
72
81
90
57
66
75
84
93
52
61
70
79
88
55
64
73
82
91
58
67
76
94
53
62
71
80
89
56
65
74
83
92
59
68
77
86
95
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Italy 4.42 49Kazakhstan 4.42 50Costa Rica 4.42 54Philippines 4.40 59Russian Federation 4.37 64Bulgaria 4.37 57Barbados 4.36 47South Africa 4.35 53Brazil 4.34 56Cyprus 4.31 58Romania 4.30 76Hungary 4.28 63Mexico 4.27 55Rwanda 4.27 66Macedonia, FYR 4.26 73Jordan 4.25 68Peru 4.24 61Colombia 4.23 69Montenegro 4.23 67Vietnam 4.23 70Georgia 4.22 72Slovenia 4.22 62India 4.21 60Morocco 4.21 77Sri Lanka 4.19 65Botswana 4.15 74Slovak Republic 4.15 78Ukraine 4.14 84Croatia 4.13 75Guatemala 4.10 86Algeria 4.08 100Uruguay 4.04 85Greece 4.04 91Moldova 4.03 89Iran, Islamic Rep. 4.03 82El Salvador 4.01 97Armenia 4.01 79Jamaica 3.98 94Tunisia 3.96 83Namibia 3.96 90Trinidad and Tobago 3.95 92Kenya 3.93 96Tajikistan 3.93 n/aSeychelles 3.91 80Lao PDR 3.91 81Serbia 3.90 101Cambodia 3.89 88Zambia 3.86 93
101
110
119
128
137
104
113
122
131
140
107
116
125
134
143
102
111
120
129
138
105
114
123
132
141
108
117
126
135
144
103
112
121
130
139
106
115
124
133
142
109
118
127
136
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Albania 3.84 95Mongolia 3.83 107Nicaragua 3.82 99Honduras 3.82 111Dominican Republic 3.82 105Nepal 3.81 117Bhutan 3.80 109Argentina 3.79 104Bolivia 3.77 98Gabon 3.74 112Lesotho 3.73 123Kyrgyz Republic 3.73 121Bangladesh 3.72 110Suriname 3.71 106Ghana 3.71 114Senegal 3.70 113Lebanon 3.68 103Cape Verde 3.68 122Côte d'Ivoire 3.67 126Cameroon 3.66 115Guyana 3.65 102Ethiopia 3.60 127Egypt 3.60 118Paraguay 3.59 119Tanzania 3.57 125Uganda 3.56 129Swaziland 3.55 124Zimbabwe 3.54 131Gambia, The 3.53 116Libya 3.48 108Nigeria 3.44 120Mali 3.43 135Pakistan 3.42 133Madagascar 3.41 132Venezuela 3.32 134Malawi 3.25 136Mozambique 3.24 137Myanmar 3.24 139Burkina Faso 3.21 140Timor-Leste 3.17 138Haiti 3.14 143Sierra Leone 3.10 144Burundi 3.09 146Angola 3.04 142Mauritania 3.00 141Yemen 2.96 145Chad 2.85 148Guinea 2.79 147
Advanced Economies
Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan
Emerging and Developing Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
Commonwealth of Independent States
Emerging and Developing Europe
Sub-Saharan Africa
85
99
97
100
98
49
50
Competitiveness Report Series
Acknowledgements
The World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network is pleased to acknowledge and thank its network of valued Partner Institutes, without which the realization of The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015 would not have been possible. Partner Institutes typically consist of leading research or academic institutes, business organizations, national competitiveness councils or recognized professional entities, committed to improving the competitiveness of their economy. By being responsible for the administration of the Executive Opinion Survey in their countries, the Partner Institutes provide the Forum with a representative sample of data, which allows the research to be carried out.
Switzerland91-93 route de la Capite,CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva
T +41 (0) 22 869 1212F +41 (0) 22 786 [email protected]
weforum.org/gcr
Since 1979, through its research on competitiveness and associated publications and outreach work, the Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network has provided governments, policy-makers, the business community and academia with invaluable insights into the policies, institutions and factors determining national competitiveness. Its research raises awareness and provides a platform for discussing these issues.
About the World Economic ForumThe World Economic Forum is an international institution committed to improving the state of the world through public-private cooperation. It engages political, business, academic and other leaders of society in collaborative efforts to shape global, regional and industry agendas. Together with other stakeholders, it works to defi ne challenges, solutions and actions, always in the spirit of global citizenship. It was established in 1971 as a not-for-profi t foundation and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. It is independent and impartial, and is not tied to any special interests. It works in close cooperation with all major international organizations.
The Global Information Technology Report
This report provides a comprehensive assessment of “networked readiness”—how prepared an economy is to apply the benefi ts of ICT to promote economic growth and well-being.
The Global Enabling Trade Report
This report assesses the quality of policies, infrastructure and services facilitating the free fl ow of goods over borders and to their destinations. It helps economies integrate global value chains and companies into their investment decisions. It informs policy dialogue and provides a tool to monitor progress on certain aspects of global trade.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report
This report assesses economies based on the policies they are implementing to develop the travel and tourism sector. It explores how the travel and tourism industry has the potential to boost economic resilience and job creation, and examines a number of factors that continue to hinder its development.
1 Scale ranges from 1 to 7.
2 2013-2014 rank out of 148 economies.
3 Evolution in percentile rank since 2007. Sparkline axes are economy specifi c.
Insight Report
The GlobalCompetitiveness Report2014–2015Highlights
BASIC REQUIREMENTS
EFFICIENCY ENHANCERS
SO
PH
ISTIC
ATION
INN
OVATIO
N AN
D
GC
I score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 Advanced EconomiesSub-Saharan Africa Commonwealth of Independent States
Emerging and Developing Asia Emerging and Developing EuropeLatin America and the Caribbean Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan
Regional Rankings
0–10%
10–20%
20–30%
30–40%
40–50%
50–60%
60–70%
70–80%
80–90%
90–100%Most
competitive
Least
competitive
Not covered
Global Competitiveness Index Percentile Rank
Note: Unless mentioned otherwise, the ranks cited in the country and regional highlights are the Global Competitiveness Index overall rank among 144 economies.
Switzerland
Singapore
United States
Finland
Germany
Japan
Hong Kong SAR
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Sweden
Norway
Denmark
Taiwan, China
Canada
New Zealand
Belgium
Luxembourg
Austria
Australia
France
Ireland
Korea, Rep.Israel
Estonia
Iceland
Puerto RicoSpain
Portugal
Czech RepublicLatvia
MaltaItaly
Cyprus
Slovenia
Slovak Republic
Greece
Lithuania
Poland
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Hungary
Macedonia, FYR
Montenegro
Croatia
Serbia
Albania
MalaysiaChina
Thailand
Indonesia
Philippines
VietnamIndia
Sri Lanka
Lao PDR
Cambodia
MongoliaNepal
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Myanmar
Timor-Leste
Azerbaijan
Kazakhstan
Russian Federation
Georgia
Ukraine
Moldova
Armenia
Tajikistan
Kyrgyz Republic
United Arab EmiratesQatar
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
BahrainOman
Jordan
Morocco
Algeria
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Tunisia
LebanonEgypt
Libya
Pakistan
Mauritania
YemenChile
Panama
Costa Rica
BarbadosBrazil
MexicoPeru
Colombia
Guatemala
Uruguay
El Salvador
Jamaica
Trinidad and Tobago
Nicaragua
Honduras
Dominican Republic
Argentina
Bolivia
Suriname
Guyana
Paraguay
VenezuelaHaiti
Mauritius
South Africa
Rwanda
Botswana
Namibia
Kenya
Seychelles
Zambia
Gabon
Lesotho
Ghana
Senegal
Cape Verde
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
Ethiopia
Tanzania
Uganda
Swaziland
Zimbabwe
Gambia, The
NigeriaMali
Madagascar
Malawi
Mozambique
Burkina Faso
Sierra Leone
Burundi
AngolaChad
Guinea
Workforce ethics
Policyinstability
Other
OtherOtherOther
OtherOtherOther
ASEANBrazilChinaEuropean Union
Gulf Cooperation CouncilNigeriaUnited States
Access to finance
Access to finance
Access to finance
Access to finance Access to finance Access to finance
Red tapeRed tape
Red tape
Red tape
Red tape
Red tape
Red tape
InfrastructureInfrastructureInfrastructure
Infrastructure Labor regulations
Labor regulations
Labor regulations
Labor regulations
Tax regulations
Tax regulations
Tax regulations
Tax regulations
Corruption
Corruption
Corruption
Inadequatelyeducated workforce
Inadequatelyeducatedworkforce
Tax rates
Tax rates
Tax rates
MAURITANIA
AVG.
AVG.AVG.AVG. AVG.AVG.AVG.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1234567891011131415171819212223252627293032
353637474958707581
3850536976828591
108
2028
313452
687173939598103109
134136
41 4243455459606367779497
3348515557616566788084868999100101104105110117120
131137
121624
4044466472798387
113119126129
141142
395662
7488909296106107111112114115116118121122123124125127128130
132133135138139140143144
102
Switzerland
Singapore
United States
Finland
Germany
Japan
Hong Kong SAR
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Sweden
Norway
Denmark
Taiwan, China
Canada
New Zealand
Belgium
Luxembourg
Austria
Australia
France
Ireland
Korea, Rep.Israel
Estonia
Iceland
Puerto RicoSpain
Portugal
Czech RepublicLatvia
MaltaItaly
Cyprus
Slovenia
Slovak Republic
Greece
Lithuania
Poland
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Hungary
Macedonia, FYR
Montenegro
Croatia
Serbia
Albania
Azerbaijan
Kazakhstan
Russian Federation
Georgia
Ukraine
Moldova
Armenia
Tajikistan
Kyrgyz Republic
MalaysiaChina
Thailand
Indonesia
Philippines
VietnamIndia
Sri Lanka
Lao PDR
Cambodia
MongoliaNepal
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Myanmar
Timor-Leste
United Arab EmiratesQatar
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
BahrainOman
Jordan
Morocco
Algeria
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Tunisia
LebanonEgypt
Libya
Pakistan
Mauritania
YemenChile
Panama
Costa Rica
BarbadosBrazil
MexicoPeru
Colombia
Guatemala
Uruguay
El Salvador
Jamaica
Trinidad and Tobago
Nicaragua
Honduras
Dominican Republic
Argentina
Bolivia
Suriname
Guyana
Paraguay
VenezuelaHaiti
Mauritius
South Africa
Rwanda
Botswana
Namibia
Kenya
Seychelles
Zambia
Gabon
Lesotho
Ghana
Senegal
Cape Verde
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
Ethiopia
Tanzania
Uganda
Swaziland
Zimbabwe
Gambia, The
NigeriaMali
Madagascar
Malawi
Mozambique
Burkina Faso
Sierra Leone
Burundi
AngolaChad
Guinea Switzerland
Singapore
United States
Finland
Germany
Japan
Hong Kong SAR
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Sweden
Norway
Denmark
Taiwan, China
Canada
New Zealand
Belgium
Luxembourg
Austria
Australia
France
Ireland
Korea, Rep.Israel
Estonia
Iceland
Puerto RicoSpain
Portugal
Czech RepublicLatvia
MaltaItaly
Cyprus
Slovenia
Slovak Republic
Greece
Lithuania
Poland
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Hungary
Macedonia, FYR
Montenegro
Croatia
Serbia
Albania
Azerbaijan
Kazakhstan
Russian Federation
Georgia
Ukraine
Moldova
Armenia
Tajikistan
Kyrgyz Republic
MalaysiaChina
Thailand
Indonesia
Philippines
VietnamIndia
Sri Lanka
Lao PDR
Cambodia
MongoliaNepal
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Myanmar
Timor-Leste
United Arab EmiratesQatar
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
BahrainOman
Jordan
Morocco
Algeria
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Tunisia
LebanonEgypt
Libya
Pakistan
Mauritania
YemenChile
Panama
Costa Rica
BarbadosBrazil
MexicoPeru
Colombia
Guatemala
Uruguay
El Salvador
Jamaica
Trinidad and Tobago
Nicaragua
Honduras
Dominican Republic
Argentina
Bolivia
Suriname
Guyana
Paraguay
VenezuelaHaiti
Mauritius
South Africa
Rwanda
Botswana
Namibia
Kenya
Seychelles
Zambia
Gabon
Lesotho
Ghana
Senegal
Cape Verde
Côte d'Ivoire
Cameroon
Ethiopia
Tanzania
Uganda
Swaziland
Zimbabwe
Gambia, The
NigeriaMali
Madagascar
Malawi
Mozambique
Burkina Faso
Sierra Leone
Burundi
AngolaChad
Guinea
United StatesThe United States rises to 3rd position on the back of improvements in a number of areas, including institutional framework, business sophistication and innovation. Yet it still remains to be seen whether these improvements will be suffi cient to drive economic recovery over the longer term.
Latin AmericaLatin America needs to address its productivity challenge and boost competitiveness to keep the positive economic momentum of past years. The region must implement structural reforms to improve the functioning of its markets and invest in infrastructure, skills development and innovation.
EuropeThere is a stark competitiveness divide in Europe between highly productive countries and those lagging behind. The divide should also be viewed as one between those countries that are implementing the necessary structural reforms and those that are not.
NigeriaAfrica’s largest economy both in terms of GDP and population drops seven places this year and is now ranked 127th. To put the country on a sustainable path to long-run growth, basic requirements for competitiveness—institutions, infrastructure, health and primary education—need to be prioritized.
SwitzerlandSwitzerland ranks 1st for the sixth consecutive year, thanks to excellent results in most areas underpinning competitiveness. This includes innovation, business sophistication, higher education and labour market effi ciency. Looking ahead, business-es and research institutions may increasingly face diffi culties in fi nding the talent they need to preserve their outstanding capacity for innovation, key to Switzerland’s prosperity.
Sub-Saharan AfricaThere are large regional variationsin competitiveness in sub-Saharan Africa—ranging from Mauritius at 39th to Guinea at 144th. To turn current high growth rates into sustainable and inclusive growth, countries in the region must address the infrastructure defi cit and provide their rising young populations with the necessary skills to engage in higher value-added employment.
United Arab EmiratesThe United Arab Emirates (12th) takes the lead in the Middle East and North Africa region this year. The reforms put in place to enhance competitiveness are paying off: its institutional frame-work, infrastructure, macroeconomic stability and ICT infrastructure haveall improved.
IndiaOn a downward trend since 2007 and dropping by 11 more places this year, India ranks 71st. The new gov-ernment faces the challenge of addressing the country’s competitiveness weaknesses and reviving the economy, which is currently growing at half the rate of 2010.
The Global Competitiveness MapAbout the Global Competitiveness Index
Competitiveness is defi ned as the set of institutions, policies and factors that determine a country’s level of productivity. The level of productivity, in turn, sets the level of prosperity that can be reached by an economy.
Since 2005, the World Economic Forum has based its competitiveness analysis on the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), a comprehensive framework that measures the microeconomic and macroeconomic foundations of national competitiveness, grouped into 12 categories.
Key Findings
Reforming for Prosperity
Global recovery to date has to a large extent been driven by monetary policy. To secure long-term growth, high-quality job creation and sustained prosperity will require decision-makers to raise productiv-ity and competitiveness through structural reform. Progress on this score has been uneven to date, in advanced and emerging economies alike.
Smart Investing
Smart investment in skills and innovation is key to enhanced productivity and com-petitiveness. It also supports more inclusive growth by allowing everyone to contribute to and benefi t from higher levels of prosperity. Economies that consistently rank high in the competitiveness rankings are those that are able to develop, attract and retain talent, and constantly introduce new and higher val-ue-added products and services into the market.
Public-Private Collaboration
Effective collaboration between business, government and civil society is a necessary prerequisite if reforms and investment are to raise productivity and competitiveness. This calls for strong public and private leader-ship, a clear vision and effective and ongo-ing communication to build trust between all parties. It is therefore crucial to create mechanisms and fora to promote dialogue.
Institutions
Concepts related to protection of property rights, effi ciency and transparency of public administration, independence of the judiciary, physical security, business ethics and corporate governance
Public institutions Private institutions
Infrastructure
Quality and availability of transport, electricity and communication infrastructures
Transport infrastructure Electricity & telephony infrastructure
Macroeconomic environment
Fiscal and monetary indicators, savings rate and sovereign debt rating
Health & primary education
State of public health, quality and quantity of basic education
Health Primary education
Higher education & training
Quality and quantity of higher education, and quality and availability of on-the-job training
Quantity of education Quality of education On-the-job training
Goods market effi ciency
Factors that drive the intensity of domestic and foreign competition, and demand conditions
Competition Quality of demand conditions
Labour market effi ciency
Labour market effi ciency and fl exibility, meri-tocracy and gender parity in the workplace
Flexibility Effi cient use of talent
Financial market development
Effi ciency, stability and trustworthiness of the fi nancial and banking system
Effi ciency Trustworthiness and confi dence
Market size
Size of the domestic and export markets
Domestic market size Foreign market size
Technological readiness
Adoption of the technologies by individuals and businesses.
Technological adoption ICT use
Business sophistication
Effi ciency and sophistication of business processes in the country
Innovation
Capacity for, and commitment to technological innovation
To produce The Global Competitiveness Report, as well as other regional and industry benchmarking reports, the World Economic Forum relies on a large set of data sourced from international organiza-tions such as the World Bank, the United Nations and the International Monetary Fund, and from its own annual Executive Opinion Survey.
The Survey captures invaluable information on a broad range of eco-nomic and social factors, for which data sources are non-existent, too scarce, unreliable, or outdated. In 2014, the Survey captured the opinions of over 13,000 business executives.
The GCI Framework: The 12 Pillars of Competitiveness
Most Problematic Factors for Doing BusinessHere are the fi ve most problematic factors for doing business in selected (individual or group of) economies based on the results of the World Economic Forum’s Executive Opinion Survey 2014 .Southeast Asia
The competitiveness dynamics in the Southeast Asia region are truly remark-able. Behind Singapore (2nd), the region’s fi ve largest countries (ASEAN-5), Malaysia (20th), Thailand (31st), Indonesia (34th), the Philippines (52th)—the most improved country since 2010—and Vietnam (68th), have all progressed in the rankings. This contrasts starkly with the weak performance of most South Asian nations.
Note: From a list of 16 issues, Survey respondents were asked to select the fi ve most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between 1 (most problematic) and 5.In the charts above, slices are drawn according to weighted scores out of 100.
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BASIC REQUIREMENTS
EFFICIENCY ENHANCERS
SO
PH
ISTI
CAT
ION
INN
OVA
TIO
N A
ND
GC
I sco
re
1
2
3
4
5
6
7Advanced Economies Sub-Saharan AfricaCommonwealth of Independent States
Emerging and Developing AsiaEmerging and Developing Europe Latin America and the CaribbeanMiddle East, North Africa, and Pakistan
Regional Rankings
0–10%
10–20%
20–30%
30–40%
40–50%
50–60%
60–70%
70–80%
80–90%
90–100% Most
competitive
Least
competitive
Not covered
Global Competitiveness Index Percentile Rank
Note: Unless mentioned otherwise, the ranks cited in the country and regional highlights are the Global Competitiveness Index overall rank among 144 economies.
Switzerl
and
Singap
ore
United
Stat
es
Finlan
d
German
y
Japa
n
Hong K
ong S
AR
Netherl
ands
United
King
dom
Sweden
Norway
Denmark
Taiw
an, C
hina
Canad
a
New Z
ealan
d
Belgium
Luxe
mbour
g
Austria
Austra
lia
Fran
ce
Irelan
d
Korea
, Rep
.Isr
ael
Estonia
Icelan
d
Puerto
Rico
Spain
Portug
al
Czech
Rep
ublic
Latvi
aMalt
aIta
ly
Cypru
s
Sloven
ia
Slovak
Rep
ublic
Greece
Lithu
ania
Poland
Turke
y
Bulgari
a
Roman
ia
Hunga
ry
Maced
onia,
FYR
Monten
egro
Croati
a
Serbia
Albania
Malays
iaChin
a
Thail
and
Indon
esia
Philipp
ines
Vietna
mInd
ia
Sri Lan
ka
Lao P
DR
Cambo
dia
Mongo
liaNep
al
Bhutan
Bangla
desh
Myanm
ar
Timor-
Leste
Azerb
aijan
Kazak
hstan
Russia
n Fed
eratio
n
Georg
ia
Ukraine
Moldov
a
Armen
ia
Tajik
istan
Kyrgyz
Rep
ublic
United
Arab
Emira
tesQata
r
Saudi
Arabia
Kuwait
Bahrai
nOman
Jord
an
Moroc
co
Algeria
Iran,
Islam
ic Rep
.
Tunis
ia
Leba
non
Egypt
Libya
Pakist
an
Maurita
nia
Yemen
Chile
Panam
a
Costa
Rica
Barbad
osBraz
il
Mexico Peru
Colombia
Guatem
ala
Urugu
ay
El Salv
ador
Jamaic
a
Trinid
ad an
d To
bago
Nicarag
ua
Hondu
ras
Domini
can R
epub
lic
Argen
tina
Bolivia
Surina
me
Guyan
a
Paragu
ay
Vene
zuela Hait
i
Mauriti
us
South
Africa
Rwanda
Botsw
ana
Namibi
a
Kenya
Seych
elles
Zambia
Gabon
Leso
tho
Ghana
Seneg
al
Cape V
erde
Côte d
'Ivoir
e
Camero
on
Ethiop
ia
Tanz
ania
Ugand
a
Swazila
nd
Zimba
bwe
Gambia
, The
Nigeria Mali
Madag
asca
r
Malawi
Mozam
bique
Burkin
a Fas
o
Sierra
Leon
e
Burun
di
Angola
Chad
Guinea
Workforce ethics
Policyinstability
Other
Other Other Other
Other Other Other
ASEAN Brazil China European Union
Gulf Cooperation Council Nigeria United States
Access to finance
Access to finance
Access to finance
Access to financeAccess to financeAccess to finance
Red tapeRed tape
Red tape
Red tape
Red tape
Red tape
Red tape
Infrastructure Infrastructure Infrastructure
InfrastructureLabor regulations
Labor regulations
Labor regulations
Labor regulations
Tax regulations
Tax regulations
Tax regulations
Tax regulations
Corruption
Corruption
Corruption
Inadequatelyeducated workforce
Inadequatelyeducatedworkforce
Tax rates
Tax rates
Tax rates
MAURITANIA
AVG.
AVG. AVG. AVG.AVG. AVG.AVG.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 17 18 19 21 22 23 25 26 2729 30 32
35 36 37 47 49 58 70 75 81
38 50 5369 76 82 85 91
108
2028
31 3452
68 71 7393 95 98 103 109
134 136
4142 43 45 54 59 60 63 67 7794 97
3348 51 55 57 61 65 66 78 80 84 86 89 99 100 101 104 105 110 117 120
131137
12 1624
40 44 4664 72 79 83 87
113 119 126 129
141 142
3956 62
7488 90 92 96 106 107 111 112 114 115 116 118 121 122 123 124 125 127 128 130
132 133 135 138 139 140143 144
102
Switzerl
and
Singap
ore
United
Stat
es
Finlan
d
German
y
Japa
n
Hong K
ong S
AR
Netherl
ands
United
King
dom
Sweden
Norway
Denmark
Taiw
an, C
hina
Canad
a
New Z
ealan
d
Belgium
Luxe
mbour
g
Austria
Austra
lia
Fran
ce
Irelan
d
Korea
, Rep
.Isr
ael
Estonia
Icelan
d
Puerto
Rico
Spain
Portug
al
Czech
Rep
ublic
Latvi
aMalt
aIta
ly
Cypru
s
Sloven
ia
Slovak
Rep
ublic
Greece
Lithu
ania
Poland
Turke
y
Bulgari
a
Roman
ia
Hunga
ry
Maced
onia,
FYR
Monten
egro
Croati
a
Serbia
Albania
Azerb
aijan
Kazak
hstan
Russia
n Fed
eratio
n
Georg
ia
Ukraine
Moldov
a
Armen
ia
Tajik
istan
Kyrgyz
Rep
ublic
Malays
iaChin
a
Thail
and
Indon
esia
Philipp
ines
Vietna
mInd
ia
Sri Lan
ka
Lao P
DR
Cambo
dia
Mongo
liaNep
al
Bhutan
Bangla
desh
Myanm
ar
Timor-
Leste
United
Arab
Emira
tesQata
r
Saudi
Arabia
Kuwait
Bahrai
nOman
Jord
an
Moroc
co
Algeria
Iran,
Islam
ic Rep
.
Tunis
ia
Leba
non
Egypt
Libya
Pakist
an
Maurita
nia
Yemen
Chile
Panam
a
Costa
Rica
Barbad
osBraz
il
Mexico Peru
Colombia
Guatem
ala
Urugu
ay
El Salv
ador
Jamaic
a
Trinid
ad an
d To
bago
Nicarag
ua
Hondu
ras
Domini
can R
epub
lic
Argen
tina
Bolivia
Surina
me
Guyan
a
Paragu
ay
Vene
zuela Hait
i
Mauriti
us
South
Africa
Rwanda
Botsw
ana
Namibi
a
Kenya
Seych
elles
Zambia
Gabon
Leso
tho
Ghana
Seneg
al
Cape V
erde
Côte d
'Ivoir
e
Camero
on
Ethiop
ia
Tanz
ania
Ugand
a
Swazila
nd
Zimba
bwe
Gambia
, The
Nigeria Mali
Madag
asca
r
Malawi
Mozam
bique
Burkin
a Fas
o
Sierra
Leon
e
Burun
di
Angola
Chad
Guinea
Switzerl
and
Singap
ore
United
Stat
es
Finlan
d
German
y
Japa
n
Hong K
ong S
AR
Netherl
ands
United
King
dom
Sweden
Norway
Denmark
Taiw
an, C
hina
Canad
a
New Z
ealan
d
Belgium
Luxe
mbour
g
Austria
Austra
lia
Fran
ce
Irelan
d
Korea
, Rep
.Isr
ael
Estonia
Icelan
d
Puerto
Rico
Spain
Portug
al
Czech
Rep
ublic
Latvi
aMalt
aIta
ly
Cypru
s
Sloven
ia
Slovak
Rep
ublic
Greece
Lithu
ania
Poland
Turke
y
Bulgari
a
Roman
ia
Hunga
ry
Maced
onia,
FYR
Monten
egro
Croati
a
Serbia
Albania
Azerb
aijan
Kazak
hstan
Russia
n Fed
eratio
n
Georg
ia
Ukraine
Moldov
a
Armen
ia
Tajik
istan
Kyrgyz
Rep
ublic
Malays
iaChin
a
Thail
and
Indon
esia
Philipp
ines
Vietna
mInd
ia
Sri Lan
ka
Lao P
DR
Cambo
dia
Mongo
liaNep
al
Bhutan
Bangla
desh
Myanm
ar
Timor-
Leste
United
Arab
Emira
tesQata
r
Saudi
Arabia
Kuwait
Bahrai
nOman
Jord
an
Moroc
co
Algeria
Iran,
Islam
ic Rep
.
Tunis
ia
Leba
non
Egypt
Libya
Pakist
an
Maurita
nia
Yemen
Chile
Panam
a
Costa
Rica
Barbad
osBraz
il
Mexico Peru
Colombia
Guatem
ala
Urugu
ay
El Salv
ador
Jamaic
a
Trinid
ad an
d To
bago
Nicarag
ua
Hondu
ras
Domini
can R
epub
lic
Argen
tina
Bolivia
Surina
me
Guyan
a
Paragu
ay
Vene
zuela Hait
i
Mauriti
us
South
Africa
Rwanda
Botsw
ana
Namibi
a
Kenya
Seych
elles
Zambia
Gabon
Leso
tho
Ghana
Seneg
al
Cape V
erde
Côte d
'Ivoir
e
Camero
on
Ethiop
ia
Tanz
ania
Ugand
a
Swazila
nd
Zimba
bwe
Gambia
, The
Nigeria Mali
Madag
asca
r
Malawi
Mozam
bique
Burkin
a Fas
o
Sierra
Leon
e
Burun
di
Angola
Chad
Guinea
United StatesThe United States rises to 3rd position on the back of improvements in a number of areas, including institutional framework, business sophistication and innovation. Yet it still remains to be seen whether these improvements will be suffi cient to drive economic recovery over the longer term.
Latin AmericaLatin America needs to address its productivity challenge and boost competitiveness to keep the positive economic momentum of past years. The region must implement structural reforms to improve the functioning of its markets and invest in infrastructure, skills development and innovation.
EuropeThere is a stark competitiveness divide in Europe between highly productive countries and those lagging behind. The divide should also be viewed as one between those countries that are implementing the necessary structural reforms and those that are not.
NigeriaAfrica’s largest economy both in terms of GDP and population drops seven places this year and is now ranked 127th. To put the country on a sustainable path to long-run growth, basic requirements for competitiveness—institutions, infrastructure, health and primary education—need to be prioritized.
SwitzerlandSwitzerland ranks 1st for the sixth consecutive year, thanks to excellent results in most areas underpinning competitiveness. This includes innovation, business sophistication, higher education and labour market effi ciency. Looking ahead, business-es and research institutions may increasingly face diffi culties in fi nding the talent they need to preserve their outstanding capacity for innovation, key to Switzerland’s prosperity.
Sub-Saharan AfricaThere are large regional variationsin competitiveness in sub-Saharan Africa—ranging from Mauritius at 39th to Guinea at 144th. To turn current high growth rates into sustainable and inclusive growth, countries in the region must address the infrastructure defi cit and provide their rising young populations with the necessary skills to engage in higher value-added employment.
United Arab EmiratesThe United Arab Emirates (12th) takes the lead in the Middle East and North Africa region this year. The reforms put in place to enhance competitiveness are paying off: its institutional frame-work, infrastructure, macroeconomic stability and ICT infrastructure haveall improved.
IndiaOn a downward trend since 2007 and dropping by 11 more places this year, India ranks 71st. The new gov-ernment faces the challenge of addressing the country’s competitiveness weaknesses and reviving the economy, which is currently growing at half the rate of 2010.
The Global Competitiveness Map About the Global Competitiveness Index
Competitiveness is defi ned as the set of institutions, policies and factors that determine a country’s level of productivity. The level of productivity, in turn, sets the level of prosperity that can be reached by an economy.
Since 2005, the World Economic Forum has based its competitiveness analysis on the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), a comprehensive framework that measures the microeconomic and macroeconomic foundations of national competitiveness, grouped into 12 categories.
Key Findings
Reforming for Prosperity
Global recovery to date has to a large extent been driven by monetary policy. To secure long-term growth, high-quality job creation and sustained prosperity will require decision-makers to raise productiv-ity and competitiveness through structural reform. Progress on this score has been uneven to date, in advanced and emerging economies alike.
Smart Investing
Smart investment in skills and innovation is key to enhanced productivity and com-petitiveness. It also supports more inclusive growth by allowing everyone to contribute to and benefi t from higher levels of prosperity. Economies that consistently rank high in the competitiveness rankings are those that are able to develop, attract and retain talent, and constantly introduce new and higher val-ue-added products and services into the market.
Public-Private Collaboration
Effective collaboration between business, government and civil society is a necessary prerequisite if reforms and investment are to raise productivity and competitiveness. This calls for strong public and private leader-ship, a clear vision and effective and ongo-ing communication to build trust between all parties. It is therefore crucial to create mechanisms and fora to promote dialogue.
Institutions
Concepts related to protection of property rights, effi ciency and transparency of public administration, independence of the judiciary, physical security, business ethics and corporate governance
Public institutions Private institutions
Infrastructure
Quality and availability of transport, electricity and communication infrastructures
Transport infrastructure Electricity & telephony infrastructure
Macroeconomic environment
Fiscal and monetary indicators, savings rate and sovereign debt rating
Health & primary education
State of public health, quality and quantity of basic education
Health Primary education
Higher education & training
Quality and quantity of higher education, and quality and availability of on-the-job training
Quantity of education Quality of education On-the-job training
Goods market effi ciency
Factors that drive the intensity of domestic and foreign competition, and demand conditions
Competition Quality of demand conditions
Labour market effi ciency
Labour market effi ciency and fl exibility, meri-tocracy and gender parity in the workplace
Flexibility Effi cient use of talent
Financial market development
Effi ciency, stability and trustworthiness of the fi nancial and banking system
Effi ciency Trustworthiness and confi dence
Market size
Size of the domestic and export markets
Domestic market size Foreign market size
Technological readiness
Adoption of the technologies by individuals and businesses.
Technological adoption ICT use
Business sophistication
Effi ciency and sophistication of business processes in the country
Innovation
Capacity for, and commitment to technological innovation
To produce The Global Competitiveness Report, as well as other regional and industry benchmarking reports, the World Economic Forum relies on a large set of data sourced from international organiza-tions such as the World Bank, the United Nations and the International Monetary Fund, and from its own annual Executive Opinion Survey.
The Survey captures invaluable information on a broad range of eco-nomic and social factors, for which data sources are non-existent, too scarce, unreliable, or outdated. In 2014, the Survey captured the opinions of over 13,000 business executives.
The GCI Framework: The 12 Pillars of Competitiveness
Most Problematic Factors for Doing BusinessHere are the fi ve most problematic factors for doing business in selected (individual or group of) economies based on the results of the World Economic Forum’s Executive Opinion Survey 2014 . Southeast Asia
The competitiveness dynamics in the Southeast Asia region are truly remark-able. Behind Singapore (2nd), the region’s fi ve largest countries (ASEAN-5), Malaysia (20th), Thailand (31st), Indonesia (34th), the Philippines (52th)—the most improved country since 2010—and Vietnam (68th), have all progressed in the rankings. This contrasts starkly with the weak performance of most South Asian nations.
Note: From a list of 16 issues, Survey respondents were asked to select the fi ve most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between 1 (most problematic) and 5.In the charts above, slices are drawn according to weighted scores out of 100.
http://wef.ch/twitter
http://wef.ch/facebook
Join the Conversation Find out more at www.weforum.org/gcr
Full Report
Rankings
Country Highlights
Data Platform
News Releases
Videos
Partner Institutes
Report Library
Forum Blog
The Global Competitiveness Index 2014–2015 Rankings
Covering 144 economies, the Global Competitiveness Index 2014–2015 measures national competitiveness—defi ned as the set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity.
1
10
19
28
37
46
4
13
22
31
40
7
16
25
34
43
2
11
20
29
38
47
5
14
23
32
41
8
17
26
35
44
3
12
21
30
39
48
6
15
24
33
42
9
18
27
36
45
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Switzerland 5.70 1Singapore 5.65 2United States 5.54 5Finland 5.50 3Germany 5.49 4Japan 5.47 9Hong Kong SAR 5.46 7Netherlands 5.45 8United Kingdom 5.41 10Sweden 5.41 6Norway 5.35 11United Arab Emirates 5.33 19Denmark 5.29 15Taiwan, China 5.25 12Canada 5.24 14Qatar 5.24 13New Zealand 5.20 18Belgium 5.18 17Luxembourg 5.17 22Malaysia 5.16 24Austria 5.16 16Australia 5.08 21France 5.08 23Saudi Arabia 5.06 20Ireland 4.98 28Korea, Rep. 4.96 25Israel 4.95 27China 4.89 29Estonia 4.71 32Iceland 4.71 31Thailand 4.66 37Puerto Rico 4.64 30Chile 4.60 34Indonesia 4.57 38Spain 4.55 35Portugal 4.54 51Czech Republic 4.53 46Azerbaijan 4.53 39Mauritius 4.52 45Kuwait 4.51 36Lithuania 4.51 48Latvia 4.50 52Poland 4.48 42Bahrain 4.48 43Turkey 4.46 44Oman 4.46 33Malta 4.45 41Panama 4.43 40
51
60
69
78
87
96
54
63
72
81
90
57
66
75
84
93
52
61
70
79
88
55
64
73
82
91
58
67
76
94
53
62
71
80
89
56
65
74
83
92
59
68
77
86
95
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Italy 4.42 49Kazakhstan 4.42 50Costa Rica 4.42 54Philippines 4.40 59Russian Federation 4.37 64Bulgaria 4.37 57Barbados 4.36 47South Africa 4.35 53Brazil 4.34 56Cyprus 4.31 58Romania 4.30 76Hungary 4.28 63Mexico 4.27 55Rwanda 4.27 66Macedonia, FYR 4.26 73Jordan 4.25 68Peru 4.24 61Colombia 4.23 69Montenegro 4.23 67Vietnam 4.23 70Georgia 4.22 72Slovenia 4.22 62India 4.21 60Morocco 4.21 77Sri Lanka 4.19 65Botswana 4.15 74Slovak Republic 4.15 78Ukraine 4.14 84Croatia 4.13 75Guatemala 4.10 86Algeria 4.08 100Uruguay 4.04 85Greece 4.04 91Moldova 4.03 89Iran, Islamic Rep. 4.03 82El Salvador 4.01 97Armenia 4.01 79Jamaica 3.98 94Tunisia 3.96 83Namibia 3.96 90Trinidad and Tobago 3.95 92Kenya 3.93 96Tajikistan 3.93 n/aSeychelles 3.91 80Lao PDR 3.91 81Serbia 3.90 101Cambodia 3.89 88Zambia 3.86 93
101
110
119
128
137
104
113
122
131
140
107
116
125
134
143
102
111
120
129
138
105
114
123
132
141
108
117
126
135
144
103
112
121
130
139
106
115
124
133
142
109
118
127
136
Economy Score1 Prev.2 Trend3
Albania 3.84 95Mongolia 3.83 107Nicaragua 3.82 99Honduras 3.82 111Dominican Republic 3.82 105Nepal 3.81 117Bhutan 3.80 109Argentina 3.79 104Bolivia 3.77 98Gabon 3.74 112Lesotho 3.73 123Kyrgyz Republic 3.73 121Bangladesh 3.72 110Suriname 3.71 106Ghana 3.71 114Senegal 3.70 113Lebanon 3.68 103Cape Verde 3.68 122Côte d'Ivoire 3.67 126Cameroon 3.66 115Guyana 3.65 102Ethiopia 3.60 127Egypt 3.60 118Paraguay 3.59 119Tanzania 3.57 125Uganda 3.56 129Swaziland 3.55 124Zimbabwe 3.54 131Gambia, The 3.53 116Libya 3.48 108Nigeria 3.44 120Mali 3.43 135Pakistan 3.42 133Madagascar 3.41 132Venezuela 3.32 134Malawi 3.25 136Mozambique 3.24 137Myanmar 3.24 139Burkina Faso 3.21 140Timor-Leste 3.17 138Haiti 3.14 143Sierra Leone 3.10 144Burundi 3.09 146Angola 3.04 142Mauritania 3.00 141Yemen 2.96 145Chad 2.85 148Guinea 2.79 147
Advanced Economies
Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan
Emerging and Developing Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
Commonwealth of Independent States
Emerging and Developing Europe
Sub-Saharan Africa
85
99
97
100
98
49
50
Competitiveness Report Series
Acknowledgements
The World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network is pleased to acknowledge and thank its network of valued Partner Institutes, without which the realization of The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015 would not have been possible. Partner Institutes typically consist of leading research or academic institutes, business organizations, national competitiveness councils or recognized professional entities, committed to improving the competitiveness of their economy. By being responsible for the administration of the Executive Opinion Survey in their countries, the Partner Institutes provide the Forum with a representative sample of data, which allows the research to be carried out.
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Since 1979, through its research on competitiveness and associated publications and outreach work, the Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network has provided governments, policy-makers, the business community and academia with invaluable insights into the policies, institutions and factors determining national competitiveness. Its research raises awareness and provides a platform for discussing these issues.
About the World Economic ForumThe World Economic Forum is an international institution committed to improving the state of the world through public-private cooperation. It engages political, business, academic and other leaders of society in collaborative efforts to shape global, regional and industry agendas. Together with other stakeholders, it works to defi ne challenges, solutions and actions, always in the spirit of global citizenship. It was established in 1971 as a not-for-profi t foundation and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. It is independent and impartial, and is not tied to any special interests. It works in close cooperation with all major international organizations.
The Global Information Technology Report
This report provides a comprehensive assessment of “networked readiness”—how prepared an economy is to apply the benefi ts of ICT to promote economic growth and well-being.
The Global Enabling Trade Report
This report assesses the quality of policies, infrastructure and services facilitating the free fl ow of goods over borders and to their destinations. It helps economies integrate global value chains and companies into their investment decisions. It informs policy dialogue and provides a tool to monitor progress on certain aspects of global trade.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report
This report assesses economies based on the policies they are implementing to develop the travel and tourism sector. It explores how the travel and tourism industry has the potential to boost economic resilience and job creation, and examines a number of factors that continue to hinder its development.
1 Scale ranges from 1 to 7.
2 2013-2014 rank out of 148 economies.
3 Evolution in percentile rank since 2007. Sparkline axes are economy specifi c.
Insight Report
The GlobalCompetitiveness Report2014–2015Highlights
