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The French Revolution People and Terms to know GeorgesJacques Danton Maximilien Robespierre JeanPaul Marat Reign of Terror Napoleon Bonaparte National Convention Universal Manhood Suffrage Girondins Jacobins Committee of Public Safety Revolutionary Tribunal The Directory National Convention – senptember 1792 – 1 st meeting Universal manhood suffrage – every man can vote Legislative Assembly – 3 main groups Girodins o Dantonists – followed the lead of Georges Danton; believed Reign of Terror should end earlier and begin rebuilding of France Conservatives Jacobins o Radicals in Assembly; led by Maximilien Robespierre o Jacobins divided moderates/radicals Robespierre JeanPaul Marat National Convention’s Actions Declared end to monarchy Beginning of new republic Wrote new constitution Brought Louis XVI to trial o Guilty – sentenced to death French Army – prior to Reign of Terror (Sept 1793) Defeated Austrian and Prussian forces – stopped foreign invasion Opposition to the Constitution Arises French people rose up against revolutionary government – “counterrevolutionary” o Ultimately wanted peace in France Jacobins – Robespierre and Danton – Controlled National Convention Arrested many Girodin delegates who opposed their policies Charlotte Corday – Killed JeanPaul Marat – arrested and executed

The French Revolution Notes - Warren Hills Regional School ... · Title: Microsoft Word - The French Revolution Notes .docx Author: Laura Filan Created Date: 3/7/2013 2:46:45 PM

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Page 1: The French Revolution Notes - Warren Hills Regional School ... · Title: Microsoft Word - The French Revolution Notes .docx Author: Laura Filan Created Date: 3/7/2013 2:46:45 PM

The French Revolution  People  and  Terms  to  know  

• Georges-­‐Jacques  Danton    • Maximilien  Robespierre  • Jean-­‐Paul  Marat  • Reign  of  Terror    • Napoleon  Bonaparte  • National  Convention    • Universal  Manhood  Suffrage  • Girondins  • Jacobins  • Committee  of  Public  Safety  • Revolutionary  Tribunal    • The  Directory    

 National  Convention  –  senptember  1792  –  1st  meeting  Universal  manhood  suffrage  –  every  man  can  vote    Legislative  Assembly  –  3  main  groups  

• Girodins  o Dantonists  –  followed  the  lead  of  Georges  Danton;  believed  Reign  of  Terror  

should  end  earlier  and  begin  re-­‐building  of  France  • Conservatives    • Jacobins    

o Radicals  in  Assembly;  led  by  Maximilien  Robespierre    o Jacobins  -­‐  divided-­‐  moderates/radicals    

§ Robespierre  § Jean-­‐Paul  Marat  

 National  Convention’s  Actions    

• Declared  end  to  monarchy    • Beginning  of  new  republic    • Wrote  new  constitution    • Brought  Louis  XVI  to  trial    

o Guilty  –  sentenced  to  death      French  Army  –  prior  to  Reign  of  Terror  (Sept  1793)  

• Defeated  Austrian  and  Prussian  forces  –  stopped  foreign  invasion    Opposition  to  the  Constitution  Arises  

• French  people  rose  up  against  revolutionary  government  –  “counterrevolutionary”    o Ultimately  wanted  peace  in  France    

• Jacobins  –  Robespierre  and  Danton  –  Controlled  National  Convention    • Arrested  many  Girodin  delegates  who  opposed  their  policies    • Charlotte  Corday  –  Killed  Jean-­‐Paul  Marat  –  arrested  and  executed    

 

Page 2: The French Revolution Notes - Warren Hills Regional School ... · Title: Microsoft Word - The French Revolution Notes .docx Author: Laura Filan Created Date: 3/7/2013 2:46:45 PM

 Reign  of  Terror:  suppress  all  opposition  (Sept  1793-­‐  July  1794)  

• “annihilate  internal  and  external  enemies  of  the  republic”    • Executed  Girondin  opponents    • Fought  back  European  powers  –  gained  advantage    • Robespierre  –  becomes  more  fanatical    • Danton  –  time  to  stop  Reign  of  Terror    • Robespierre  has  Danton  and  his  followers  (Dantonists)  Executed    

 Work  of  National  Convention  –  under  Robespierre  

• Democratic  Reforms    o Committee  of  Public  Safety    

§ 12  men  who  ruled  France  under  Robespierre      § To  direct  army  in  crushing  foreign  invaders  § Revolutionary  Tribunal  –  “try  enemies  of  Revolution”  

o Establish  “Republic  of  Virtue”  –  good  citizenship  § New  Schools  § Elementary  education    

o Wage  and  price  controls  to  aid  economy    o Abolished  slavery  in  French  colonies    

• Replace  monarchy’s  system  of  weights  and  measures  with  metric  system  • September  22,  1792  –  First  Year  of  Liberty  –  new  calendar    

 July  1794  –  Robespierre  arrested  and  executed      The  Directory    

• 2  House  legislature    o 500  member  lower  house  –  proposes  laws  o 250  member  upper  house  –  accepts  or  rejects  laws  

§ Appoints  executive  branch  –  5  directors  • Eliminate  universal  manhood  suffrage  –  only  land  owners  may  vote  • Only  existed  for  4  years  

o Lead  to  division  among  classes  o Offered  way  for  military  dictatorship  

   

Napoleon  Bonaparte  “I  found  the  crown  of  France  lying  on  the  ground,  and  I  picked  it  up  with  my  sword”