The French The French RevolutionRevolution

New Order vs. Old New Order vs. Old OrderOrder

Unflattering cartoon of the royal coupleUnflattering cartoon of the royal couple

More anti-Louis XVI cartoons…More anti-Louis XVI cartoons…

““The Awakening of the Third The Awakening of the Third Estate”Estate”

The first and The first and second estates second estates riding the third riding the third estate…estate…

……revolutionary revolutionary political political cartoon making cartoon making a point about a point about the burdens of the burdens of the third the third estate.estate.

Women were Women were invaluable in invaluable in starting much starting much of the of the agitation that agitation that led to a full-led to a full-fledged fledged revolution in revolution in France.France.

11stst Estate: Clergy (.5% of pop.) Estate: Clergy (.5% of pop.)

22ndnd Estate: Nobility (1.5% of pop.) Estate: Nobility (1.5% of pop.)

33rdrd Estate: Bourgeoisie, workers and Estate: Bourgeoisie, workers and peasants (98% of the pop.)peasants (98% of the pop.)

The Storming of the Bastille The Storming of the Bastille

(a symbol of royal oppression to the (a symbol of royal oppression to the French people)French people)

The Bastille was dismantled brick by brick…

……the Bastille today.the Bastille today.

The Great Fear The Great Fear 17891789

Panic swept the Panic swept the countryside as countryside as

nobles and nobles and clergymen became clergymen became

targets of angry targets of angry revolutionariesrevolutionaries

Church lands were confiscated…Church lands were confiscated…

Sans Culottes (“without breeches”): Sans Culottes (“without breeches”): French revolutionary soldiersFrench revolutionary soldiers

Symbols of the Revolution: tricolor Symbols of the Revolution: tricolor sash, red cap of liberty and the pike.sash, red cap of liberty and the pike.

Upon his capture Upon his capture by by

revolutionaries, revolutionaries, Louis XVI donned Louis XVI donned

the red cap of the red cap of liberty and drank liberty and drank

a toast to the a toast to the revolutionrevolution

Louis XVI Louis XVI pictured as pictured as a drunkard a drunkard

in this in this revolution revolution cartoon…cartoon…

The public The public execution of execution of

Louis XVI by the Louis XVI by the guillotine, which guillotine, which would emerge would emerge

as an symbol of as an symbol of the revolutionthe revolution

The Execution of Marie AntoinetteThe Execution of Marie Antoinette

British political cartoon, “British political cartoon, “Hell Broke Hell Broke Loose or The Murder of LouisLoose or The Murder of Louis””

Another British cartoon portraying the French Revolution Another British cartoon portraying the French Revolution as a threat to England. Notice the red cap and the pike as a threat to England. Notice the red cap and the pike

approaching via the English Channelapproaching via the English Channel

Louis XVI Arrives in Hell: Louis is pictured entering Louis XVI Arrives in Hell: Louis is pictured entering hell carrying his head. Notice the other headless hell carrying his head. Notice the other headless

figures in the paintingfigures in the painting

Some attractive Some attractive commemorative commemorative

revolutionary revolutionary china picturing china picturing

the execution of the execution of Louis XVI…Louis XVI…

More dinnerware: a gravy boat More dinnerware: a gravy boat with the red cap of liberty and the with the red cap of liberty and the

scales of justice…scales of justice…

Legislative Legislative Assembly Seating:Assembly Seating:

Right Side: Royalists Right Side: Royalists (thought Revolution went (thought Revolution went too far)too far)

Center: Moderate Center: Moderate reformers (pleased with reformers (pleased with limited monarchy)limited monarchy)

Left Side: Jacobins Left Side: Jacobins (thought the Revolution (thought the Revolution needed to go much needed to go much further)further)

Revolutionary Revolutionary Language:Language:

You= vous (formal)You= vous (formal)

You= tu (informal)You= tu (informal)

Vous eradicated—Vous eradicated—denoting no superior denoting no superior position.position.

MonsieurMonsieur and and MadameMadame became became CitizenCitizen & & CitizenessCitizeness..