The Fragments of Sophocles, vol. 3/3

8/9/2019 The Fragments of Sophocles, vol. 3/3

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?ir,


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THE

FRAGMENTSOF

SOPHOCLES

IN THREE VOLUMES

VOLUME III


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/.' /.

V,3


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CONTENTS OF VOLUME III

Addenda et Corrigenda (Vols. I, II,III)

Fragments of uncertain Plays

Doubtful and spurious Fragments

Comparative Table of Numbers .

Index of Titles

General Index to the Plays and Fragments

pages

vii-x

i-t66

167-179

180-189

190, 191

192-349


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ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA

VOLUME I

p. xxvii, n. I : add Others identify the Titanotnachia with the CycHc Theogony. See

now J. Dietze in Rh. Mus. Ixix 522 ff.

p. Ixxxii, n. 4: add K. Latte {Herm. L 373 ff.) has attempted to show that it was

earlier than Phrynichus.

p. 6, fr. 6 note, col. a,\. 12: delete Philet.

,, ,, 29 : rt


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viii ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA

p. 151, fr. 208. 2 note, 1. 5 : for kXtjSuv read K\r)Sd>v.

p. 158, fr. 210. 73 note, I. 18 : a/fer


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ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA ix

p. 243, V. 117 note, col. b, 1. 37: add 117 Viljoen urges that PorjXoiTnv is 'cattle-lifter ' rather than ' herdsman.'

p. 244, V. 122 note, col. a,\. 7 : a^^VoUgraft' defends it a,s, = ' irae indnlgere.'p. 247, V. 156 note : add Viljoen well compares iroKeixbKpavTov in Aesch. Theb. 148,

but his explanation of the compounds is unsatisfactory. Brugmann's warningas to the dangers which beset the grammatical analysis of compounds {Cotnp.

Gr. II p. 87 f. E. tr.) applies with peculiar force to the use of epithetized

compounds in tragedy. xpv(yb(i>(i.vTOdopov

(A/ii. 1022) ' blood belonging to a man slain,' whatever was the actual develop-ment of dvdpo^Oopos (dvSpo(f>d6pos). Similarly in woXefxoKpavTos, dv8po5dl'KTos

{Cho. 859), irupyoSdi/croy {Pcrs. 106), the verbal element is only in appearance

active.

p. 249, V. 171 note, ad fin. : add For jjtdrtjv cf. Ai. 635.

,, V. 175 note, ad fin.: ^(/(^ Vollgraft' prefers ' corripe gradum,^ but his examplesdo not prove his case.

,, V. 176 note, ad fin.: add For the introduction of the names of individualchoreutae Vollgraff refers to Ar. Lys. 254, Eccl. 293.

p. 251 note, ad fin.: add [1 am glad to find that my view of this passage is acceptedby Maas, Mtinscher, and VoUgraft ].

p. 252, V. 208 note, 1. 6 : add Powell suggests d


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X ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDAp. 141, note 3 : rtd/ir/ Further evidence of the connexion of Peleus with Icus has now

come to light (see Oxyrh. Pap. 1362 fr. i. 24 [xi p. 85]),p. 149, note 4 : add Sir Walter Scott, in his Legend of Montrose (ch. xxii), mentions

the case of a ' fellow at Ingoldstadt ' who was proof against lead and steel,but was killed by the butts of the soldiers' muskets,

p. 207, fr. 568 note, col. a, 1. 18: after Iliep/as add Hor. Carin. 4. 8. 2 if.,Theocr. 16. 426 .

p. 216, 1. II : for'Opicrrris read'Odvaaevs.

p. 223, note 2 : add [See now White's edition, who adopts irpuroi from two Mtis.Ven., of course, has irpQrov.]

p. 230, fr. 585, V. I note: for 631 read 6^.

p. 256, col. i>, I. 12 : for irapdevos read irapdivos.

p. 262 TTMHANISTAI, 1. 10 : for 643 read 6 î,.p. 276, V. 39 note, 1. 4 : after 1340 add Apoll. Rhod. 4. 662 ff.

p. 280, fr. 654 note, col. a, 1. 32 : after xP^cl>' add See now White's edition, whoremarks that the schol. must have had the lemma iêSpov XP^ ' ^w.

p. 310, fr. 701 note, col. /;, ad fin. : add SpaKovros is apparently genit. of definition.

VOLUME III

p. 6, fr. 738, col. ^, 1. 5: aî'^/Immisch, Klaros, pp. 202-208, concludes otherwise for

Euripides,

p. 12, fr. 753 note, col. h, 1. 14 : add For the echo at the end of the liîe cf. Klies. 579,Eur. Ale. 722, Elmsley on Bacch. 963.

p. 41, fr. 804 note, col. b,\. 13 : for TrdpOevos read irapdivos.

p. 71, fr. 871, V. 7 note, 1. 7 : for 860 read 864.

p. 73, fr. 873 note, col. a, I- n ' for Cynics read Cyrenaics (Zeller, p. 367).p. 99, fr. 928 note, col. i^, 1. 3 : after (jov add Track. 814 ^vvrjyopeis aiyQaa rf Kartj-yopq).

p. 137, fr. 1014 note, col. 6, 1. 5 -.for 250 read 249.


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AAHAQN APAMATQN

731

731 Gramm. cod. Darmstad. in Acf.Monac. 11 p. 515 iari Se rh (pevaKiêivdwelv Kai irepi tois (prjX-rjKas' ôcpOKXijs

if 'Id/jL^ri- Kal Tas (v'KavQvas cod. : corn Werfer)TTjv otj/Lv ihs imrelpovs.

Welcker, p. 73, discredited the title ofthe play on the ground that the story oflambe is entirely undraniatic, and hehas been generally followed. Thus Her-mann conjectured î* 1^1.6^7], and Nauck iv'A/JLVKif. But I believe that Hartung dis-covered the right solution, in assigningthe fragment to the Triptolenms, andthat this must be added to the list ofexamples where a quotation has beenfixed by reference not to the title of aplay but to some character or episoderepresented in it: see Introduction, i.

It is scarcely likely that lambe was acharacter in the Triptoleiims : rather weshould suppose that it became relevantto describe her success in cheering De-meter, for which see Horn. k. Dem.

202 ff. As an inmate of the house ofCeleus (Apollod. r. 30), it was naturalto mention her in connexion with thestory of Triptolemus.

The grammarian states that Sophoclesapplied vaK(ti.v to the deceptive appear-ance of a certain kind of wild fig whichlooked edible while still unripe. But itis not clear whether he also attributes toSophocles the use of the word (j>ri\rj^.For the fact cf. schol. Ar. Pac. 1166(j>rikriKa\ rbv oXtvOov (1. oXvvdov). \iyei.

de a'uTo, 6 KaWLcrTpaToi. Kvpius fi^v ovv6 t/St; ffKXrjpos Kal Trapuipos. 6 6\pLv jxev

ireirdvaeus ^xw, (iiwpoj de we. Kai fi-ijiroTeîjXtjI Tts tanv 6 dvaTeijiv Kai \pevdofievosrrj oypei eh ^pGxnv. Etyni. M. p. 791, 33(prjXri^ rb rjpifj.a (vix) ireTravOev avKov Kai(pri\r]Kas 8e (pafxev rd bLawaruivTa ras 6êtscrO/ca t l)s e 'i t) wiweipa. Phryn. (Bekk. aiiecd.)

p. 71,4 [p. 123, 8 de B.]


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I04>0KAE0YI

733

avBpos KaKOJS 7rpd(r(T0VT0


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IO0OKAEOYI

For irpAs Pôv trlvtw, ' to drink undercompulsion,' see Alcae. fr. 20 vOv XPVHediad-qv Kui TLva irpbs îav \ wuvrjv, iireidi)

Kordave Mi^/xriXos, Ar. Ac/t. 73 êvi^dfiepoi

5i irpbs îav iwlvofiev. For similar usesof irpbs in Sophocles cf. irphs x-P^'' (fr-28 n.), Trpbs ri5ovr)v, irpbi dpyqv (1. 369),Trpbs evffiêiav (ib. 464).

736

appayes o/A/xa

736 Hesych. I p. 289 appayes 6iJ./j.a-ov daKpuov, (jj Tpbirip (pajxiv * Kareppdyi]

fiov 8a.Kpvov.' So0okX^s aaTvplKi^ {I>aTv-plaKi^ Musurus, (rarvpiKi^ Casaubon, Tvpdl

Pv conj. M. Schmidt).The thought is that the eyes present a

barrier which may yield to the pressureof an excessive emotion, when it can nolonger be controlled. Cf. Ani. 802 iffxeivS'

I

ovKiri irriyds dwafiai daKpvwv, Aesch.Ag. 214 SaVpu /LIT? Karaa-xe^f, Eur. I/er.

449 SaKpduu us oil dvvafj.ai Acar^x I Tpaâsoffffuv %Ti irrjyas, I. A. 888 baKpvov o/u/xar'oiiK^Ti ffriyei, Aesch. C/io. 184 ^| d/MfxaTwu

de 8i\f/ioi. TrlirTovffi /mol\

(rrayoves &pe, Kal dvw ^X irovTa, weffovTa els (j)piapQpqrrd tis ififxeXris Kal xapietrca BepairaLvlsdwoffKQâL X^yerai, ws rd jxev iv ovpav


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HXtoj' QviffTov Si ffvvOefjiûov Tr]v bvo\\oA. I.e. 12).

So schol. Eur. Or. 998 : Atreus would havelost his kingdom, el /jltj ojj hv i\6(Toos&iri5eiêv airovs da-eôuvras, ei Qviar-qv

âaiXia ^Xiavrai, TeK/xripiov di ttjs dffeêlasTdv ll\iof Kal TttS llXeidSas iK Svcews dvi-(TxovTai . . .TLvis Si (paai tov Aia irpbs x^pi-Ârpiois iroLrjffaL rbv \Wiov Kal rds IlXetd-5as e/c Sijcreus dvarelXai ixeTaarpiypavTaTT/i' rdî-v ev mq. i]/j.ip(}...dXX' vaTtpov irdXiv

6 'Arpeiji, (piXoveiKlq^ Trj vpbs TOVTov,Trpo(r-

eXdiov iTTTtyyiXXeTO Setât rbv ffkiov e/cSv


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AAHAQN APAMATQN

740

aec^oj? yeved

740 Phot.ed.Reitz.p.36,i3( = Bekk.anecd. p. 347, 25) detfwj'...2o0o)c\^s 5e rrj^

evOetav elwey ' dei'fws 76^ ed.

The grammarian is illustrating the con-traction of del^uos to dcC^cos parallel to

detVws : d^vvaos (Moeris p. i88, 17). Thesource was Phrynichus : see Bekk. anecd.p. 22, 16 {praep. soph. p. 37, 10 de B.).The gods (/j.aKdpioi' y^vos aUu ebvTuiv) areprobably meant.

deitfiiv TrevOo


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8 104>0KAE0YZ

l>o


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AAHAQN APAMATQN

iffri ixriv oiKrjTds, and by the requirementof the sense. The force of the suffix isoriginally quite vague, but in usage gradu-ally tends to become specialized : cf. the

use ofXeiKTifjLos

anddXc6(ri/^09.

For theformation see Brugmann, Comp. Gr. iip. 174 E. tr., who shows that these adjec-

tives were secondary derivatives from -crt-stems, and that oKkijuos, vS/mhos and thelike were modelled on them. Lobeck,Phryn. p. 227, pointed out that cipwcrtôtin

Ant. 569is

contrary to analogy, whichrequires apdji/JLos.

746

iâipeTOv TiOrjfjLL Tr)v aKovcriav.

746 Phot. ed.Reitz. p. 66, 2 (=Bekk.anecd. p. 373, 14) aKOvaia.' to irpay/jLa.

SoôkXijs'

iâlpeTov...aKovffiav.' It is un-necessary to read rb < aKou > trpayâ, asEllendt and others have proposed.

(tKovo-Ca does not seem to occur else-where, and Lobeck (Phryn. p. 4) sug-gested that yviifi-qv or the like was to be

supplied from the context. ' I make anexception of the unwitting deed ' : Camp-

bell well compares fr. 665. For dâCptrovcf. Eur. /. T. 755 eâlperdv yuot 56s r65' ='grant me this as an exception.' Plat.Pliaedr. 242 B l ,Lfifilai> Q-qâiov iâipQ\6yov, 'I make an exception of Simmias.'

747

avTaprfs vvKTpl


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10 Z04)0KAE0YZ

conclusion that there was a secondAvernus in Etruria. There is howeverno evidence of the existence of morethan one Avernus on the W. coast ofItaly, and Sophocles must have usedthe epithet Tyrrhenian in the widersense: cf. fr. 598. Similarly Verg. 6'^(7r^.2, 164 Tyrrhenusque fretis inmittituraesttis Avernis.

Aopvos X(i,VT] is also recorded (i)near Tartessus in Spain (schol. Ar. Ran.475) ' (2) in Thesprotia (Pausan. 10. 30.6). At the latter place was a veKvo/j-av-reiov, which may have been the oracleof Odysseus mentioned by Lycophr. 799.

On the other hand, the veKvofiavreiov atthe Italian Avernus (for which cf. Diod.4. 22) was the traditional scene of theviKvia in the Odyssey: Eustath. Od.p. 1667, 37, Max. Tyr. 14. 2, Strabo 244ifivOevof 5' ol irpb i]fiQv ev t(^ 'Adpvcj) to,

trepi Trju v^Kviav t7)v 'OfirjpiKT^v Kai dr] KalveKvoiMvreiov ia-ropova-iv ivravda yevia-daiKai 'Odvaa-^a ls tovt' d


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AAHAQN APAMATQN II

iT'rjpa


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753

ySapvg ySayovs v^'o^,/co9, (L îvoi, /3apvq.

753 Philodem. wepl n-oirjfxa.Twv ii 3{Here. pap. coll. alt. iv f. r2o, as restoredby Hausrath in Jahrb. Philol. Suppl.XVII 239) KaXQs ^xîv rj kcikQs toprixov TToeiv KaXQs fxev [ws] Trapa SoiôxXei/3api)s âpvs ivoLKo[s, w] îvoi, /3a[/9]i's,ov dia T^v \â{i]vde


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 13

the schol. says : ^5t; t6 ^ttos tovto rrjs

ixia-qi KUf/.(i]Sias ofet. Antiph. fr. 52 (ll

31 K.) is a good example. The subjectis treated by Meineke, FCG i 291 ft .Atjw (A fir 1 121) was the hypocoristicform of Atj/jlt^ttjp, and the latter, origin-ally a gloss, found its way into the text

see cr. n. and Hesych. I p. 484, Suid.s.v. For the language cf. Aesch. fr. 300,7 ep4a^Lov Arjij.rirpos...(TTdxvv. xdp|iais a word undoubtedly borrowed fromtragedy.

The language used suggests

the subject of the Triptolejims.

755

ov yap TL v66odp(^, not without reason,


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14 I04>0KAE0YZ

although Heracles was such a commonfigure in the satyric drama (Wilamowitz,Etir. Her. i^ p. 98) that the chances areagainst his guess. But Nauck's view

is impossible, and shows that the mean-ing of iiriKaid/ievos has not hitherto beenunderstood. Nauck quotes, apparentlywith approval, Kaibel's conjecture iiri-/jiaiv6fj.evoi and must have interpreted itas ' infuriated against,' though it does notappear whether Kaibel had the same in-tention. Ellendt also was dissatisfiedwith iiriKaidfievos, and proposed itriKfl-fievoi as ' pone accubans. ' But iiriKaib-fievos is sound, and was used, at any ratein the Hellenistic age, for ' to be inflamedwith love.' Cf. schol. Ar. Lys. 221iiriTV^rj' iiTLKavd-Q Kal TrvpwOy iir' ifJLoi.

Hesych. 11 p. 173 iTnTV(l>y' i-mKafj. iiri.-irvpud^. Suid. s.v. eTriru^^. With thismeaning the purport of the quotation isclear enough. I have followed Kaibelin the division of the lines, although itis possible that the first line ended withfdffov.

The use of dvaKi-qal 'LoOK\ris. The context inAthenaeus does not assist the interpreta-tion of the lines, which are simply theapologetic opening of a new speech.'Welcker (p. 416) refers this frag, to theMvaoi, supposing the verses to be spoken

by an old servant of Auge, the mother ofTelephus, whom the latter (not recogniz-ing her) wishes to marry' (J.). Hartungassigns it to a messenger in the Tereits.H. with more probability thinks ofCreusa.

2 lir|6X8tv is ' to relate.' ' Cp. fr.919. Thuc. I. 22. 2 aKpiêlq. Ttepl eKdaroviireêXdwv. So often in Plato. Heim-soeth's vireêXeiv = to reveal (as some

take it in O.r. 227).' (J.) vweêXdeiv(see cr. n.), with the meaning 'to escapefrom,' and followed by an ace. after theanalogy of vireKdOvai, vireKSpanelv, etc. isnot altogether indefensible, if we under-stand irpa^fiia as the necessity of speakingrather than the secret itself.

3 dvdYKT]?. The thought is prover-bial, and the words are a variant of thesaying attributed to Thales, IcrxvpbrarovdvdyKTj (Stob. ec/. I. 4. 7^, p. 72, I W.).Hence Eur. Hcl. 513 a-o(f>wv 5' ^ttos,

|

deivrjs dvdyK-qs ovSkv lax^^'-v T^Xiov, Ale,

965 Kpeiffffov ovd^v dvdyKas r]vpov, Aesch.Pro7n. 105 rh rijs dvdyKTjS icrr' dSrjpirovadivos, Eur. fr. 299 irpbs rrjv dvdyKrjvirdvra rdW t'crr' daOevri, and other illus-


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AAHAQN APAMATQN Strations. So there are many echoes ofSimonid. fr. 5, 21 dvdyKq. 5' oi)5e 6eol

fiaxovrai (fr. 256 n.).4 TO Kpxj6iv.. dvaKTopov was taken

by Brunck and Schweighauser as arcan-

um regittm, an impossible view. With

dvaKTopMv the sense is, ' the secret of(or concerning) my masters.' For theomission of the article cf. Ant. 365 royU7?xaJ'6ei' T^x^^s, Eur. FAoen. 1097 t^vo(TovvTi TLx^uv, Blaydcs conj. ^pyov

TopCos,

758

< eariv > to fxeOveiv irrjixovrj'; XvTrjpiov.

758 icTTiv coni. Herwerden

758 Athen. 40 A So^okXt}? 8e (p-qai' TO fMedveiv ir-qfiovrji XvTTjpiov.

'

Cobet {Co/l. Crit. p. 201) proposed TO fxedieiv, comparing Eur. fr.1079. This was adopted by Nauck, butdoes not agree so well with the contextio Athenaeus as Herwerden's addition.For the commonplace cf. Simonid. fr. 86

otj'oi' d/M^vTopa dva-


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iffX^So-i ffiSt^pSis d^e/s. Cf. Philostr. viLApoll. 2. II xpvar\v (LyKvpav, rjv po/jlI^ov-

fftv 'Ivdol KripiiKi.ov iirl T

}vlxdv


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IxivT), irpianivT). Bekk. anecd. p. 102, 20Kvpiav ov (pacn Seiv Xeyeiy, dWa, KCKT-q-fjiipT)v rbv bk KeKT7)ixivov fxi) Xiyecdai avrlrod SeaiTOTov. ^arvpiKois KeKTrj/j^vov Xiyei,

^iXrjfiwv KvpLav, is mutilated and corrupt.

We have tLs S' dv


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The addition suits the context ; for theidiom (ca(c6y *ca/fws is common in comedy,and where it occurs in serious poetry(e.g. Phil. 1369) is part of an impreca-

tion. Still, Meineke's conjecture is hardlymore than a possibility.

1 KaKws oXovn^vT] is partly colloquial,but in comedy we should have a.itoKov-fi^vri [e.g. Ar. Ach. 778). 'A curse uponyou ' See further on Eur. Hclid. 874Toxj KaKu)^ dXovfjiivov.

a dpucrreis here means ' ladles ' or'bowls.' It belongs to the same groupas dpviXTrip, dpvraiva and dpiz/SaXXoj, thetwo latter of which denoted the vesselsused in the bath for administering a douche(Neil on Ar. E(/. 1090). The inferenceis that the dpvcrris )( Kvados was of con-siderable size, and even the diminutivedpi^oTixoi could be used for voting-urns(Ar. y'es/i. 855). The conclusion isfortified by Hesych. I 294 apvcrea- rdydirveva-Ti iroffeis ('bumpers'), to. 5k

avrd Kal apvarflpas Kai dpvffTixovs iKdXovv.

Hence Kaibel restores in Athen. I.e. ia-rl5k Kai 7r6(rts (for woXis) ^IJivuv &pv(rTii.

The word, to be compared with uCXt] to 6c(opCs : for these reasons I bracketyap 7). I do not see much probability inNauck's suggestion that dewpls was usedby Sophocles in the sense of ^dKxv(Hesych. 11 p. 312); it is more likelythat he was referring to the sacred vessel'beloved (by Apollo)': contrast Aesch.Thel>. 842. Welcker had no sufificientground for referring this fr. to theTriptolemus.


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 19

766

Ovfx^ 8' ovrt? aLhpa -ôpevet

rap/Sov? dvydrr^p.

^766 Athen. 688 a Kal 6 :2o(f>oK\7Js 3^

Tas a.Tro\e\v/j,^vas toO (p6j3ov weiroiTjKe Xe-70iâi8pd {v. infra), but, apart from otherobjections, it is decisively condemned

by the context in Athenaeus, whose de-clared purpose is to illustrate the thesis,Kora rds iv Toh (pdôis yivofi^vas dywviasirdWeaOai rqv Kapdiav iiridriXdTaTa avfJL-Paivei (687 f). The text may be ren-dered : ' No daughter of Fear dancesblithely in our breasts.' That is an ex-traordinarily bold figure for 'No heartthrobs tumultuously with fear,' but mayperhaps be justified in detail, (i) It isalways the fear of an impending dangerwhich begets

theheart-throb.

So Hom.K 93, Anaxandrides (fr. 59, il 160 K.),and Plat. Tim. 70 c, quoted by Athen-aeus. See also Eur. Bacch. 1289 >.iy\ws t6 fiiWov Kapdia nijb-qfi' ^x^'; Soph.O. T. l-;3 eKTirap-ai (poêpdv ai8pd

may be thought inconsistent with rdpôvs :hence Xaidpd was conjectured by Jacobs,and Schweighauser adopted the impos-sible rendering 'openly.' The best an-swer is to quote Anaxandrides /.c. :w TTOvqpd Kapdia,

\ iinxaipiKaKov d)j elixbvov rod awfiaroi' 6pxv yap evdvs, av tdjis dedoiKora. For the adverbial

ace. neul. plural .'ee on Eur. /Jc/. 455dvd^L 7]Ti/j.icfj.e(ia,

and add Bacch. 435&KpavO' wpfxrjffafjLev, Her. 898 dxpavraâKxe^Liaei. (5) The minor correctionsof ovTis (ovKiri Brunck, oStol Dindorf)are unnecessary, if the text is generallysound. The multiplication of personsby the speaker does not increase theharshness of the image.

Welcker refers the lines to the Nau-sicaa, Hartung to the Lejimians.

7^7

LKTLV0s e/cXayê napaavpas Kpea%

767 irapaavpai Choerob. cod. V et Etym. M. : irapa.


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p. 167, and Zonar. lex. p. 1100 Iktivo^^(fXa7Je (^Kpa e cod. Haun. and Zonar.)vapaaijpas Kpiai.

irapao-vpas expresses the swiftly swoop-ing movement of the kite as he descendsupon his food, and snatches it away with-out faltering. Neither L. and S.'s 'filch,'nor Campbell's ' as it tears at the carrionis satisfactory. Ellendt's praetervolandotrahere is better, but fails to give the exactforce of napaavpeiu. The proper appli-cation of the word is to a river in full

flood sweeping away every obstacle : seelexx. and the metaphorical use in [Lon-gin.] (/e sublini. 32. 4 rCp podiip rrjs ^opdiravrl {sc. to, Trddr)) W'^cpvKev airavra rdtXXairapaavpeiv KalTTpoufffiv.

Choerob.'s read-

ing suggested irapatxijpdjv to Blaydes, butthe aor. is better. For the accentuationof Hktivos {Ikt?vo$) see Chandler, 290,and for the general sense cf. Semonid.fr. II ffirXdyxv' dn^irovTfs aiirlK' IktLpov

5lKr}v.

768

(f)vaa yap ov a-jXiKpolaLv avXtcr/cot? ert,dXX' dypLats v, de-scribing the self-importance of Aeschines,Hyperid. fr. 91 K. (Athen. 591 f) oi(TtwTnjo-rj, fji.ipdKiov, fieitov rrji firjTpbs fx'^rh


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AAHAQN APAMATQN

2), and this feeling contributed towardsthe aesthetic objection which made themspeak contemptuously of the flute. Hencethe epigram (Athen. 337 e) : dvSpl fikv

aiXrjTTJpi deol v6ov ovk evicpvcrav, \ dWcifw. T(f (t>v(Triv xw voos iK-ir^Tarai. Thiscontempt was symbolized for them inthe legend which represented Athena asthrowing away the flute in disgust at thedisfigurement which it caused (Melanip-pides fr. 2, 3, Telestes fr. i, 3), andMarsyas as having subsequently pickedit up; and was not the less cherishedbecause flute-playing happened to be thefavourite art of the despised Boeotians

(Plut./.r., Ar. Ac/i. 862 ff.. Plat. rep.

399 E, Frazer on I'ausan. i. 24. i). Merethe diminutive ai5\r)(n '^o(f)OK\7Js, diravTai' otjTe...5iK'r)v.' vv. 2 and 3 are also quoted


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22 IO0OKAEOYI

by Eustath. opiisc. p. 305, 1 1 with the in-troductory words : il koX firjdeiJLiav x'^P'olSe ddvaros Kara rbv Tpay(fid6v.

H. renders:'

And what a Power is he thou 'It comebefore

That knows not favour, no, nor equity,But only cares for Justice absolute.'

Thegeneral sentiment recalls the famousfragment of Aeschylus (fr. 161): fijvos Oewvyap Qdvaros ov Sihpwv ipq.,

|oi)5' dv ti dOuv

ov5' eTnair^vSuv dvois,\

oiib' iari /3w/u,6s

ov5^ Traici}vl^Tai'|

fxbvov 8e Ilet^u) 5ai-

txdfwv dwocTTaTei. Cf Propert. 4. 11. 2pa7idiiur ad niillas iamia nigra preces.

1 ws''jp(OTa. 'The context in PlutarchI.e. might at first sight suggest that Epwrawas a vestige of words in which the poetdescribed Flades as yielding to Love,though obdurate to the other gods {e.g.eh Epwra < fiev

|fibvov irpoffijvij, irpbs 5e

Toijs dWovi iriKpSv, > 6$ ktL). [Meklerhas since independently suggested almostexactly the same supplement : ei's ^purac/miv

I

irpq.ov ire


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 23

Brunck remarked : ' aeque vera videretursententia, si duabus transpositis vocibuslegeretur: (TKaiois ixev alviKTfjpa...o'is

d^ (paCiXov KT. .Sed alteram tuetur auc-toritas librorum. In his nihil decernipotest, quuni ignoretur a qua persona etqua occasione sententia recitata fuerit.'It is plain that he had no clear concep-tion of the meaning. There is little profitto be had from the older versions, andC. W. King's rendering of the third line

' to fools a bad instructor even intrifles' is certainly wrong. J.'s noteruns as follows: 'o-odT(ov it is implied that

the god wishes to exercise the under-standing of the wise, and to give themsubtler or deeper lessons than suit theff/catot not that he wishes to keep themin the dark . p. 988 oi yap evcocpoXs

I

(pauXoi Trap' o'xXcfJ fioiKTiKoorepoL

\^yfti>. So Thuc. 3. 37. 3 oi (pavXdrepoL...irpbs Toiis ^vvercoT^povs.' J. evidently

thought that the verses express the char-

acter or purpose of Apollo, that he ^-/looses

to be enigmatical to the wise, but straight-

forward to the foolish. I agree, however,

with H. (P7VC. Camb. Phil. Soc. 1907,p. 1 7) that both o-oois and o-Kaiois areto be taken as datives itidicanlis a viewwhich seems to have been anticipated

by Ellendt, who remarks: 'deum dicit

sapientibus obscura et ambigua, stultisintellectu facilia portendere videri.'' H.points out that the interpretation adopted

by J. cannot be reconciled with the

meaning either of o-^atots or of (pavXou :thus aO\os does not mean 'simple' inthe sense of clear, lucid (ropds), or un-

confused ; and crKaids, when used in amoral sense, always implies moral obli-

quity, i.e.k is equivalent to 'perverse'

or ' wrong-headed.' He quotes Aesch.Prom.

637\ii,ij3 TopQs (Xol...ovk ip-wX^Kuiv

alviyp-ar, dXX' airXtp Xdyt^J, Siippl. 473a.iviyp.a.rOihf.'i roCiros' dXX' cnrXQs (ppdaov,

adding that the contrast is different here

where 4>avXo% and not airXovs is used.n. renders accordingly : ' to the wise ahinter of deep meaning oracles, but in

the eyes of the perversely stupid only a

poor and meagre teacher.' I doubt ifthis gives the tone of the last line. Thewise view the god as alviKrifip, and seek

for an interpretation ; the fool regardsonly the surface meaning. The attitudeof the (TKaiol, who think that they under-stand the oracle but do not, is admirablyillustrated in Dio Chrys. 10. 22

32.

The clown (for (TKaids see on Eur. Hclid.458, and Starkie on. Vesp. 1183) thinksthere is nothing to understand ; Apollois a plain person, of few words likehimself; an expounder in brief, ixi] ivTToWocs oXiya X^yuv dXX' iv oXiyois TroXXd,as Pythagoras recommended ; no long-winded sophist, such as Protagoras, withhis fxaKpoXoyla. (The difficulties of bre-vity the (TKaios does not realize :


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24 lO^OKAEOYI

of didA


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 25son of Zeus by Alcmena.' So H., whocompares Find. Nein. 10. 10 (of Argos)KoXyvvai^i. KaWiKO/jLoicTLv dpiareiei TrdXaf

\

Zevs fTr' ' A\KiX7]va.v Aavdav re /xoXuv

irbv Kar^cpave Xoyov. Weil {Joiun. desSavmits, 1904, p. 570), conjecturing Beds

for doiL>s in the line as quoted by Dicae-archies, supposed that the text of Sopho-cles was modified by an admirer of Thebanbeauty. Stephanus corrected oi dv-qrol

ded$, which he ascribed to Sophocles,and was followed by Bothe.

774

/Avw re Kol SeSopKa Ka^avicrrayiaL,wXeov (^vXdorcraiv avro? ^ (pvXdcrcroixaL.

774. 1 Kal ^vvlarafiaL P 2 wXewv vulgo edebatur

774 Dion. Hal. de comp. verb, gold icTTLV iv ixev Toh /J^Tpois rd 2o^6(cXeiaTavrL' ^ fj.vo} Te...v\d(T


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26 lOÔKAEOYI

776

''AOoxs (TKtdêt voiTa Arjfxvias l3o6.I 355), Cramer Anccd. Paris, iv p. 96,18. As regards the reading, we areclearly entitled to prefer that of the

authorities who expressly cite Sophocles :Plutarch, for example, who is nominallythe earliest, is undoubtedly quoting frommemory. The reading aX6s (adopted by

Campbell as well as by Pierson on Moerisp. 268) is given only by schol. Theocr.I.e., and is plainly an oversight, as J.remarks : shortly afterwards in the samescholia the v. is again quoted as A0w?KaXOirrei wXevpa. ArjfjLvias j3o6s.

Poos is explained as follows by theancient authorities : (i) Macar. /.c. speaksof TTfv iv K-fjiJivi^ iK fxapfidpov ôvv, andsimilarly Suidas : ttjv ôvv ttjv iv A-qixviii\evKod \l0ov TreTTOLTjfiivTjv. (2) Plut. /.c.iiTLâWei

yap7) ffKib.

tov opovs wsioiKe

Xa.\Ki({) Tivi ôidiip, in agreement withEtym. M. (3) Eustath. I.e. merely men-tions ayaX^cia A^jyiii'tas /3o6s. See furtherCrusius, Anal. crit. p. 69.

The distance of Athos from the nearestpoint of Lemnos is about 40 miles, andfrom Kastro about 44. [Eustath. I.e., whomakes it 300 stadia, is approximatelycorrect, and Steph. Byz. p. 36, 9 evi-dently followed the same tradition : itis absurdly exaggerated by Plut. I.e. as700 stadia, and by Plin. n. h. 4. 73 (cf.Solin. II. 33) as 87 miles.] The heightof Athos is given in the Admiralty Chartas 6348 ft {1935 m.).

The shadow cast by Mt Athos uponLemnos is also alluded to by (i) Apoll.Rhod. 1. 601 KQ(j} dvireWe KoXdivr)

\

QprjiKir) 17 Toaaov airoirpodi Afjfivov iodaav. . . aKpordrri KOpv(f)rj cxKidei., nal iadxpiMvpivrj^, with schol. zl>. r\ bk ffKid avrov

diKveTTai,


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 27

sorte que quand le soleil va coucher,I'ombre de mont Athos qui est a plusde huict lieues de la vient respondre (sic)sur le port, et dessus le bout de I'isle quiest an coste senestre de Lemnps; choseque j'observay le deuxiesme jour de Juing(O.S., June 12 N..S.)- Car le mont Athosest si hault qu'encores que le soleil nefust bien bas, neantmoins rombre touchoitla senestre corne de I'isle.' Conze, Jieiseauf den Inseln des Thrakischen Meeres,p. 109 : ' Ich sah am Strande von Kastroam 2 Juli 1858 die Sonne ein wenig rechtsvon Athos untergehen.' Admiral Whar-ton, formerly Hydrographer General,wrote to Dr Pearson on 18 Oct. 1901as follows: ' Sophocles had every reasonfor his remark ( A^ws cKLd^et etc.), sup-posing it to mean that the peak of MtAthos would throw the ox or any pointinto shadow while the sunshine was stillon the houses or hills near. It canscarcely mean that the shape of the peakwould be discernible. It would be im-possible for the apex, for the sun wouldbe showing on either side ; and the shadowof the edge would pass so rapidly that the

eye would not detect it. The air is veryclear in those parts, and I have seen theshadow of Mt Athos peak thrown onbanks of clouds that must have been 100miles

fromit. I

wasat Beshika Bay,

twice the distance of Lemnos, and afterwatching the sun pass behind the peak,sharply defined against the bright sky,I turned round and saw this great spectre of the Brocken on the clouds.'Dr Rouse tells me that Athos is a vastmass, very marked in form ; and that ata distance of 100 miles he has seen it highabove the sea. I am indebted to the lateMr J. Greaves, of Christ's College, for thefollowing remarks : ' I make the amountby which dip would lower the apparentheight to be 1290 ft., so that the altitudeabove the horizon would be about 1 13'.I worked out also the appearance of Snae-fell as seen from the Cumberland coast.Its altitude would be only about 15'.The figure gives the appearance of thesun and Mt Athos as seen on the horizonfrom Kastro, and the sun and Snaefell asseen from the Cumberland coast.

When you take into account the extra

ana

clearness of the atijiosphere at Lenmos,and the fact that Athos is isolated andSnaefell not, it is evident that the pheno-menon of the sun setting behind Athosis a very much more remarkable one thanwhen it sets behind Snaefell. I make outthat the sun will set behind Athos aboutMay 23 and July 22 ; but this is withouttaking refraction into account.... I do not

know whether Kastro is at the sea levelor not' [the citadel was in fact on a rockypromontory]: 'if it is above, the pheno-menon will be more marked. The wholething is absolutely clear to me, after con-sulting the map, working out the figures,;md taking the clearnessof the atmosphereinto account. From Ka.stro Mt Athoswill be a fairly prominent and isolatedobject on the NW, horizon, .so much so,

that I should expect the inhabitants ofKastro to say when May was advanced, we shall soon have the sun settingbehind Athos. I should expect all theintelligent boys and girls to know thedays when the phenomenon would occur.I am also quite sure that if the day wasclear, the sun would be seen to set onJuly 2, 1858, a little to the right of

Athos.I arrived at Admiral Wharton's con-

clusions independently. If there is groundnear higher than the ox, it would bein the sun-light, while the ox was inshadow, but I don't believe the outlineof the shadow of the peak would bevisible. The fact that the sun is a largedisc and not a point of light would beagainst it.']


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28 IO0OKAEOYI

777

Tpv)(6L Kakv(f)9is e(T(Takrj


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 29

779

e)(a) Se xepcrlv aypav f^piaK)(Ov

779 ^X'^ Hemsterhuis : iyCo codd. | dyplav Brunck

779 Ely in. M. p. 213, 26 ^piaKxos-dr/XvKw^, 7} âKXV- lôôKXiji êyw...

^plaKXov-' etpT)Tai 5i t) ^piapQs la/cxa-

foiKTO. Cf. Hesych. i p. 398 /Spia^xos-^piapCis [^piapws ^piayxos] âpius laKxd-foycra.

See cr. nn. 'i\o) appears to be a certainemendation, but it is otherwise withBrunck's dypiav. Blaydes conjectured

^X^ 5^ Xepaiv vvv ^piaKxov dypiav; butthe text may as well have been X' t^'-5' ix^ 1 ^ypo- Ppia-Kxav.

BpiaKxos (or ^piaxoi) is found as thename of a satyr on an amphora in theBritish Museum (790), on a lecythus in

the Berlin Museum (2256), and on anoenochoe described by O. Jahn, ArcA.Aufs. 14240. For the details see H.Heydemann, Satyr- und Bakchennamen,Halle 1880, p. 35 f. The text is the onlyevidence that the word was also appliedto a maenad. Roscher in Curtius, Stud.I. 2. 122, followed Hesychius in inter-preting it as crying aloud. He was nodoubt right in comparing it with fa/cxoyand ^ci/cxos, but scarcely in deriving allthree from /ax ''. 'o-xh- The first syllableof ^piaKxos may have been identical withthe (3/31- of 0piap6s etc.

780

oto


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30 IOOKAEOYI

writers as well : see schol. Ai. 906 ttSvSk dfj-WTT^ptov Kal dSpv Kal ^yxo^ KaXovaiu

ol vewrepoi. So Find. Pyth. 9. 26 \iovTi...d^pifiif) fjiO'uva.v iraXaioiffav Arep iyx^^ -Hence the distinguishing epithets inBacchyl. fr. 3 J. (13 B.)> 8 ifx^^ '''^

Aoyxwrd {seciis Jebb), Eur. Her. 1098irrepuTd r' iyxv (of arrows). In Track.1013 ov irOp, ovK ?7x. ir. 15 p. 463 A' TTTjXbv ' ws TI.S elirev ' oivov Kal ffirapdy-fxara ffTecpdvuv.' Chariton i. 3 olvovnrjXbv iwoLT)aav. Hence the joke of the/xdyeipos, rebuking the clumsy cupbearer,who either spills the wine or lets thesediment mix with the liquid, yUTj deivTbv Olv4a llr/Xia ttoluv Athen. 383 C,Eustath. Od.'p. 1401, 57. Demetrius i-Ze

eloc. 171 cus Kal TOV olvov tov irpoxvdivTaiirLcrx^^v tls ' YlrjXia dvTl Oivews.'

TvpPdtcrai. Neil on Ar. ^. 310remarks that Tvp^d^oi is colloquial, if notcoarse, and infers that this fr. as well asfr. 838 came from a satyric play. It isconnected with irrjXbs also in Ar. Vesp.

257 Tbv irrjXbv uxnrep dTTayds Tvp^d(Tis^adl^cov.


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 31

784

ypaiJLjxa K-qpvKeuov

784 Etym. M. p. 511, 55 k7]pvklov...(ffTi Kal KrrjTiKdv, .'

So also Etym. Gud. p. 320, 24.Suid. has a lemma K-rjpijKeios ypa(pri

M'ithout any explanation. Presumablythe words refer to the written instruc-tions from which the herald makes hisproclamation.

785

fiopcp \evyaX4a)

785 /x6p(f) A : fiijp(p vulgo

785 Efym. M. p. ^61, 2S\vya\4ovTO vypov. irapa Soô/cXet 'lJ-6p(p \evya\^(p'

(so cod. A Etym. gen. : jx'upi^ XevyaX^q)

codd. Etym. M. [fxijpo) \evya\4 cod. M]).Cf. Phot. /ex. p. 216, 16 Xei;7aXâ- did-

ppoxos. oOtw 2,ooi. Nauck quotes Hesych.II p. 427 KaToXevyaXia- Kadvypos, Kara-Xr)XinixiP7i, and schol.

AHom. T

109ort

XevyaXioLi oil biiypois, ws oi veurepoi. Inthe quotation from Sophocles the blunder/j-iipip perpetuated the delusion that he hademployed XevyaXios in the sense of moist,and the fragment was connected byMeineke (Ca/hm. p. 245) and otherswith fr. 361. The truth was explainedby Reitzenstein in a Rostock dissertationof 1891/92, p. 14, where he published thereading fjôpif} for the first time. Camp-bell, justly sceptical of the use of Xevya-Xôs, had proposed fivdaXâ. But thesource of Photius' XevyaXia (not Xei;7a-X^(f}) still remains obscure.

786

V^pi^ Se TOL

ovTTiiiTroO' y]/3r)^ e? to (rcocfipov lkTO,

dW eV iêois avdel re /cai ttoKiv (hOivei.786. 2 rj^Tjffei T(^ povi 'Utro codd.: corr. Pierson

{irdXi.v (pddvei M) : dlvi D

786 Etym. M. p. 601 extr. vuko%-T] (piXoveiKla, irapa rb pôis eoiK^vai. i] yapiXov{iKla ToU vtapoii ap/xbêi. 2o(/>o/cX^j' {J^piS...0'lVl.^

X f. The first clause has been variously

interpreted, especially in regard to themeaning and construction of rj^rfS. (i)Headlam in CA* xvii 293 pointed outthat auxppoaOvT] is the proper virtue ofold age (see however on fr. 210, 73),


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32 IO0OKAEOYI

comparing Theogn. 1325 fifp/n'^pas 5'

dirdTrave /caxds, 56s 6' eO^povt dvfiQ\

fJ-irp'

fi^rjs TfXiaavr' ^pyfiara a(>}po(T\jvr)s. Heheld that ijfir)^ is temporal, ' in the seasonof youth,' and (apparently) by 'came tosoberness' understood ' passed into sober-ness.' The objection to this view is that,if there is no reference here to later life,the balance of the contrasting clauses isdestroyed. (2) Blaydes joins u/3pts 17^775' the wantonness of youth,' and we mightthen take t6 aucppov as personal = toi>saihvTa\i/x(^ VD) iraTpi.'({>vTaX|i.(o> irarpi. The adjective signi-

fies procreative ([Eur.] Rhes. 920 XiKTpoisiirXdd7]v XTpvfibvos (pvTaXfiiois), and, whencombined with iraTrfp, the sire who begat(him). The force of the adjective is moreor less accentuated according to the occa-

sion : in Aesch. Ag. 339 (pvraXfxidiv 7ra(5es

yepbvTwu (or, with Weil and others, (pvTdX-fiioi iralSuv yipovres) it is merely pathetic.So Tov (pvTovpyov iraTpbs in O.T. 1482,

ToO (pvTeiaavTos iraTpbs ib. 15 14, tov(pvTovpybv Eur. TV^. 481. Tbv (pvToairbpov

in Track. 359 and ipvrovpybv Eur. I. A.

949 are more formal. In Aesch. Suppl.600 TraTTjp (pvTovpybs avrbx^tp dva^ thelofty phrase expresses the pride of des-cent.


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 33

789

ov^ OTTOV Xa/xTraSe? evvov^oicriv 6fXfjLa(riv789 evvotjxoii Bekk. anecd.

789 Etym. Sorb. ed. Gaisf. p. 1131(Bekk. anecd. p. 1376) ivvovxoi.' ol r^vevvrjv ?;)(;oj'rS, (lis yeovxoi. eiivovxovs 5e

11o(I>ok\7]s Kal Tovs 6(p6a\iJ,oiis tovs eiiveis

Kal Sirvov fir] fierixovras {fieraffx^vTasBekk.), tovt4 30 1 fi^. TToXXa 5e Tevxea. zcaXd daiKra-nivuv al^7)Q)v

I

ttXcDoc Kal viKves. toD 5'

vxpbcre yoivar^ iTrrjda\

irpbs pbov d'tcraovTos.

Nauck, regarding the sequence of thequotations, selected Swvri xoSl \p(a\i(vovas the only part of the extract whichbelonged to Sophocles. But it is difficultto believe that the words ovirw Seos ls&XipavTa KaTair. 387 c, who howevershould not have spoken of the a as ' cer-tainly long ' in this passage. Schneider,

P. III.

Callim. 11 254, argues that it was short,against Lobeck, Patli. Prol. p. 289.Bergk wished to read x^


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 55the antelope : with the fr. of Aeschylusshould be compared Aelian nat. an. 3. i,5. 48. But it is not easy to understandyriyevij. Ellendt thinks it meant 'wild'

(' haud dubie aypiav , feram ') ; but I can-not find any authority for this, and shouldprefer ' indigenous.'

793.

793

i//a/caXouôt

/u.T7Te)oes atye? r' eTTi/xacTTtStov

yovov opToKlôiv ava(f)aLVOLev

2 fjirjT^pes alyis t' Dindorf : al7es firjT^pes t' Eustath.

793 Eustath. Od. p.1625,49

(quot-ing from Aristophanes Byz. irepi dvofiaalaîjXiKiQv) ^fi^pva di riva Kal dpTiyevr) 8fiâKaXa \êi. KaXecadai Kal dpraXixovi.80ev (jyrjcri irapa 2o


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36 IOct>OKAEOYI

enough, but the proposal of R. EllispovXfveis \6yov, after Eur. Jler. 26, vio-lates the tradition, which no doubt Eu-stathius faithfully preserved. The neuter

plural perhaps occurs also in Etym. M.p. 227, 10 y^povra irpdyfiara, but the

reading is doubtful.

795

795 fidXoffffTJffi Choerob. | ivreivuv ir^8as Nauck : iKrelvwv TrAaj Choerob.,iKTelvuv xpas Anon. Ambr.

795 Georg. Choerob. exeg. in He-phaest. tnchir. p. 60, 23 (p. 2 1 7, 15 Consbr.)

TO'js 5^ firjKLarovs t6 iraXaibv /xoXoffffovi^KoXow, ws 2o0o/cX^s ' /ioXoffffrjcri. . .iriXas'avrl Tov fieydXats. Anonymus Ambrosi-anus de re tnetr. in Studemund, anecd. ip. 227, I Ttt fjLeyaXa ixoXoaffiKo. iKaXovf2o0okX^s ' fioXoaa-iKoiai. . .xeipas.

'

The text has been brilliantly and con-vincingly restored by Nauck, who points

out that MoXoo-o-iKal xctpcs must beunderstood not as 'big hands' but simply

as 'the hands of Molossians.' In supportof this use of the adjective he quotes{Lex. Vindob. p. 260) Eur. Hec. 1153Kepdd' 'HSwj'^s x^P^s. The Molossianswould most naturally appear in a playconnected with the fortunes of Neopto-lemus, perhaps the Peleus or the Her-mione.

796

o)? [Lr\T^ Kpovo'r)in which depressing and lifting the scales


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 37were contrasted. Blaydes wished to readKpovffri, as if from Kpoiofian used likeKapaKpoion.a.L.

fji.TJ9' virip x


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 390Aet5 ; nor in Eur. HcUd. 583 Kapdlaff(pay{i(TTai (n.) is the intention of themetaphor obvious. Besides these exam-ples aX^li iTriffd^eiv (Eur. i. 92, 281)

does not seem remarkable. We ought,however, to distinguish the cases wherealfia appears to have acquired the forceof ^6voi {bloodshed), as Eur. Or. 284etpyacTTai 6' ifiol fxriTpi^ov al/jLa, ib. 89af/ua KaT-qvuffiv, ib. 406 6 avvdpuiv alfxa,O.C. 407, Find. Pyik. 2. 32, Bacch. 837d\X' alfxa dri


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40 IO0OKAEOYZ

dev irpo(T7]y6,yov. aihri yap rbv cidripov4iri(nrd,TaL, i] 5^ fiayviJTts diairar^ (so

Heindorf for diacrirdaai) t7]v o\j/iv, usSoKelv ApyOpiov elvai.. Buttmann inferredwith reason that the verse quoted underAvbla Xidos belonged to Sophocles.

This is the earliest allusion to the load-stone in Greek literature, and apparentlythe only extant passage where it is calledAvSCa \(6os, a description which is else-where applied to the touchstone : Bacchyl.fr. lo J. (14 Bl.) AvSla, fjLev yap Xidos fiavueiXPV(t6v. At the time when Sophocles wrotethe substance was not sufficiently familiarto have acquired a fixed name : Platoin the /on, I.e., says that Euripides gives

the name â.yvr\ris to what most peoplecall H/)a-Xe/a. It is incredible that Platowas mistaken; and he was probably al-luding to Eur. fr. 567, a passage which,though corrupt, clearly refers to themagnet, in spite of Suidas and somemodern authorities. The theory of thelexicographers (Hesych. supra, Zenob.4. 22, Phot. Suid. s.v. 'UpaKXela Xidos)that M.ayvrJTis was a misnomer as appliedto the magnet, and that it ought to beconfined to the silver-like

stone, appearsto be derived from Theophrastus de lap.41 T] fiayvrJTis avTi) Xidos t/ Kal oxj/ei irepiT-t6>' (qu. 6\piv TrepLTTTjv) ^xî'ffa kuI ^s ye5i7 Tives davixdôvai. ttjv 6/xoiucnv rip apyvp^/ji.7)dafj.Qs ovff-QS avyyivovs. It is not at allclear to me that the later theory doesnot rest on a misunderstanding of Theo-phrastus' words. He only mentions theappearance of the pLayvriris incidentally,and there is nothing to show that he wasnot speaking of our ' magnet.' It shouldbe observed that in 4 he specifies 17 reKaXovfjL^vi] Xidos ijpaKXeia Kal i] Xvdiq as

touchstones, and gives no name to thestone which he describes as drawing iron

in 29. This last may have been hisfiayvrJTis, which he does not define ormention except in 41. Anyhow, Eu-bulus {c. 375 B.C.) agreed with Euripides(fr. 77, 11 192 K.) ; and Mayvijns Xidossoon became an established term. Whe-ther Sophocles had the town Heracleaor the district Magnesia (Lucr. 6. 908 f.)definitely in his mind cannot be deter-mined ; he may have simply thought ofthe stone as an Eastern marvel.

J. took the view that ws or some otherword of comparison preceded the quota-tion, but this is unnecessary. The verseis, in fact, an excellent illustration of theidiom according to which a simile is ex-

pressed by mere juxtaposition without acomparative conjunction : ' even as themagnet draws iron, you have attractedfrom afar....' Cf. Theogn. 1361 vaOsnirp-g Trpoa^Kvpaas ifiris (ptXSrrjTOS afiap-Tiiiv, Aesch. From. 882 ol 5' enrorj/jLivoi(ppivas,

I

nipKoi ireXeiQiv ov /MaKpav XeXeifi-

fiivoi, Theopomp. fr. 40 (l 744 K.) -rjviKwiovdpwv irddov. Ant.

795 ^Xe


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fj.i/j.(f)eTai conj. Nauck). X^^ei 5e veplTovTdJv aKpi^i


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from the sent. sept. sap. v. 99 ed. Woelff-lin : irpbKpive K^pdovs tov wovrjpov ^rjfiLav.

Add Boisson. anecd. Ill 470 ti\tnav aipoOfiaWov 71 Sdev ov dei K^p8os. The paradoxof the Gorgias (508 b) t6 aSiKetv rod d8i-

KeiaBai k&klov is on a different ethicalplane from the homely proverb herequoted. Contrast 0. T. 595 to. ahv K^pdei

KoXd, where honour and profit coincide,id. 889 Kepdavfl SiKalus.

808

OTL yap (f)V(rL9 avepi SwToh^ ovTTOT av i^ekoL


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8io

[tov 'HpaKXea fiavia Acaracr^êrov.]

81 Philodemus Je piet. p. 36 G.voffovvra ireiroi Kaffi t 'Hpa-K\i ...TOV 5' 'H/)aKXâ koI iJ.a-KaTdxfTov> So0o/cX^s upLiridTji.

We know of no play of Sophoclesdealing with the story presented in theHeracles of Euripides. Wilamowitz (Eur.

Hei: I p. 13835) is probably right in sup-posing that the reference is to the con-cluding portion of the Trachiniae, fromwhich he quotes v. 999 t65' Akt^XtjtovfjLavLas &vdos. Gomperz originally gaveKoL /xdX' dKarda-xfTov , but M. Schmidt'srestoration adopted above is doubtlessright.

811

opKovrov. 5 {Paroem. I 267, 344). Cf.Plat. Phaedr. 276 c ovk dpa crirovdrj aiirdiv iidari ypdxj/ei. Philostr. i?nag. 2. 10. 2

oiK 6vap Tavra, w KpTjdrjis, ouS' es iiduprbv ipura tovtov ypd(j>eis. Apostol. 6. 56.Lucian catapl. 2 i Tralêis, c5 Xdpuv, ^ Kad'VdaTos,


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 45âWovTo TovTO TO ^vXivou Tetxos ehai. opXaSos is more obscure, and its meaningcan only be fixed by inference. Ellendtgives cratibiis contextam or stipitibusvallatam, L. and S. enclosing,

both de-

pending on Hesych. iii p. 225 dpxi^'ireplôXos, aiiMKnd. /cat elSos iXaias.

While there is no obvious connexionwith opxos or 6px(HTos, the indicationspoint to an affinity to opKavri, for whichsee Phot. lex. p. 347, 10 bpKav-q' irepl-

(ppayfid Ti OLKavdCbdes. opKdvrj 6 wepiix^

Tolxos otKrjffiv fj x'^Pôv ' Xiyerai bk diro

rod '^pKos, 6 iffTi 7re/)ij36Xou tppdyfia.Hesych. III p. 220 6pKdvri...ol d^ (ppayixov.Harpocr. p. 139, 13, quoting Lycurgus (fr.

74)and Horn, w 224. Schol. Theocr.

4.61 ndvSpav\ TT]v tCiv irpo^drwv 6pKdv7)v.Perhaps then we should read opxados.6pxdfj.7] is possibly a mistake for opKdvrfin Pollux 7. 147. Cf. 10. 131 opKdvTf{al. dpxdvT)) Kal pdxos...Kal ndvO' 6(raaKafOdiSt] Tois KapTTois iiri ^povpdv vepi-/SdXXerai.

813

813 Phot. ed. Reitz. p. 89, 3 d/j.d-X^TOf 'EoôkXtjs ' dfidxeroi. \oxo.yoi.'

In P/iil. 198 Sophocles prefers the form

d/jLdxvTos. On the general question ofthis stem-variation see on fr. 970.

814

TO OepfJLOv Tov 6y8eXOKAEOYZ

8i6

alfxvko? epcDS

81 6 Phot. ed. Reitz. p. 54, 3 alfiijXoso Ifiireipos rj i]dvs iv t


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819

dfiovcro)TO for ^07;, supposing that

Sophocles was following m 184 ff. hevp&y' iibv...ov yap iri ) ris rj/Se irapi^Xaae vrjlfj-eXaivT]

I

irpiv y' rj/j-Qv fj.eXLyrjpvv airb aro-/xdruv Sir' aKovaai. In any case, a|i.ov-o-coTos belongs to the class of pseudo-verbal adjectives which are discussed inthe nn. on frs. 250, 1014.

820

(ocnrep ajxTrpevTrj^s ovo^

820 Phot. ed. Reitz. p. 95, 13 dfi.-irpevTTis' x/3'^(ri/Uos rj (puvq. ZoôkX'^s' (jiffTrep dfiirpevTiji ovos.' del fiaanyo^-

fievos. The last words were originallyprinted as part of the quotation, butWilamowitz rightly recognized them asexplanatory. Reitzenstein identifies the

extract as derived from Phrynichus, to

whom the use of ûvq points (fr. 170de Borries).

dfjivpeijeiv was a rare word, the propermeaning of which may be deduced fromAr. L}>s. 289 xt^^ws ttot' eâixirpeixTOfiev \tout' &vev KavdrfKiov, where the schol.comments: rb T(f ^Kkovti êOyei ô-qOeiv

d /Mir petjeiv Xiyerai Kal &fnrpov rb dtriKOv'/oj'. That is to say, d|xirp6VTi]s ovoswas fastened by a rope to the team toassist in pulling the load over difficultground. As his work was of the hardest,and he was doubtless well-belaboured, hewas regarded as an over-worked drudge.Hence the metaphorical use of dfxwpeijeivin Lycophr. 635 dxXaivov dfiirpeâovaivrjXirroi fHov, 975 \virpov dfiirpeOaei îov.Just below Photius gives the informationthat Euripides in the Protesilaus useddp.-wpi'uei.v = Trpo-qyeiaOai. : iirov 8^ fjLOvvovdiJ.wpe\jovTl fjLOL, where fiovvov has surprisedthe critics (fr. 852 n.).

821

dfJi(f)LKOVpOV KOpfXOV

821 Phot. ed. Reitz. p. 102, 16 d/x-iKovpov rbv dfKporipwdev KSKapnivov< /cat dfiiKovpov > Kopp.bv. LocpOKKrji.The addition was made by Reitzenstein,but is perhaps unnecessary. Cf. Hesych.

I p. 161 dfKplKovpov d/jL'> cf. schol. At. 478),dvarapdrreiv. ô(pOK\rjs. Cf. Phryn.

praep. soph. p. 50, 9 (Bekk. anecd. 28, 22)duadep/xalveiv rdi (ppivai Kal T-qp Stdvoiav,

TT]v yvd)fj.r)V oXov Kaivr)v (1. Kivdv) dvara-pdrretv.

The exact words used by Sophoclesare uncertain, and more than one passagemay be referred to. The heating of themind may be caused by some pleasantemotion, as in Pind. OL 10. 87, butgenerally implies harmful excess, just as


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fever is the sign of bodily disorder : El.888 ddXiry t...Âv7i(xi5u)pa.' SoôkXtjs.

X^7et dk TTjf A'/ifjLTjTpav. dWaxov (fr.10 10) 5^ ' Avaîduspav X^yec.

'Avr]


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827

< ov> fxr)KT avOpaiTTicTTi SiaXe^rj rctSe ;827 oi; add. Herwerden

|

827 Phot. ed. Reitz. p. 141, 11 dv-

For the adverb, which is otherwise un-known, see on fr. 462. In favour of theaddition of ov it may be remarked thatwe should otherwise have expected Sta-Xex^s (Rutherford, New Phryn. p. 191),although there is some evidence for 5ta-\^^a(r6ai (Phryn. praep. soph. p. 65, 9,Pollux 2. 125). For OX) yUT7 with fut. indie,as a prohibition cf. Track. 978.

rd5e Reitzenstein : r^Se cod.

Mekler, who had independently pro-posed the addition of 01), retains XTjSe( = ejttoi), but adds ^eve (or irork) afterdidX^^r). He ingeniously suggests thatthe words were addressed by Circe toOdysseus in the circumstances describedin Horn, k 319 f., and that something likedWa 5e\(f>aKiaTl may have followed. Inthat case he proposes to assign the frag-ment to the Nausicaa.

828

kyoi V 19 airdpTrjcnv [rtro?] cnrevScDp828 Phot. ed. Reitz. p. 156, 17

(Phryn. fr. 245 de B.) dirdvTT]OK\ris. ' ^70) 5' eUdirdvTTjaiv Ttvos (Twevdiiiv .' 6 avrds.

Reitzenstein assumed that there was alacuna after 2o0okX'^s, and that a prosefragment together with the writer's namehad fallen out. In that case the wordscited do not belong to Sophocles. Wila-mowitz dissented from this conclusion,and Mekler suggested iyio 8'


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831

epyov Be Travros, yjv tl


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834

ovK i^dyova-L Kapirov 01 xpevhels Xoyot834 Plut. de aiid. poet. 4 p. 21 a:

see on fr. 833.For the sentiment see on fr. 352. e^d-

yov


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52 I04>0KAE0YI

generalizes less bluntly by suggesting adouln (see Goodw^. 501), and, as re-marked by Jebb on Ant. 666, is suitable toyvCJ/xai, : 'a beggar is not to be scorned, ifperchance he were wise.' Cf. An/. 1032 tofiavddveiv 5' | TjdiffTOv et \iyovTos, el Kip5o9

\4yoi, At. 521 avbpl tol xP^^ I fJ-vnfJ-yivTTpocreivai, repirvbv el tI irov irddoi, ib. 1 159KoX ycip aiffxpî't ^^ ttvOoito tis, \ \6yois

Kokciêiv (^ ^tdêadai wdpa, ib. 1344 6.vhpa.5' ov SlKUtov, el ddvoL,

\

^Xdirreiv rbv

i(T6\6v, Eur. Andr. 702 o 5' elalv aiirGivfjLvpi({) (ro(pd}TepoL, \ el riX/xa irpoffyevoiTO

ôvXriais 6' afia, ib. 770. {O.C. 352, as

well as Track. 57, should, I think, be

classed under Goodw. 489 ; but it isnot always easy to draw a line whereone construction shades into the other.)The idiom also occurs in prose, but isnot very common : see the commentatorson Thuc. 3. 9 KoX ovk ddiKos afirr} i} dîwaise(TTiv, el Tvxoiev ktc., and cf. Plat. a/>oL19 E, Crit. 46 B t; irpoOvfjiia


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3 (xoXoxr' : the subjunctive withoutav is often used by Sophocles in relativeclauses of general

assumption:

see onfr. 659, 4.

4 'i\ti : scil. Aidrjs. I agree withHerwerden, who proposed ncwTa drj KUKa,and Headlam {Jotirn. Phil, xxill 272)that the repetition of kK^l is open to

serious objection, ^x^' is a simple re-medy, but I cannot find that it has hithertobeen suggested at least, with ko-ko. un-changed. Blaydes conj. ko.vt' iffrlv kuko,.

H. rendered thus' O thrice-blessed theyThat ere they pass to Hades have beheldThese Mysteries ; for them only, in that

world,Is life; the rest have utter misery.'

838

TV(f)\os yoip, (o yvvoLKes, ovS' 6p(x)v ''Apr}


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54 IO*OKAEOYZ

so easy to justify the use of irpbawirovfor f)&yxos, although the comic poetsludicrously employed pdyxo^ in place ofwpdffuTTov : see Athen. 95 D,E, Suid. s.v,

p^yxoi,Bekk. anecd.

p. 113, 9.Yet

irpoaoiTTOv is sometimes used of animals,and that not merely in speaking of theirlook: Babr. 72, 7 (pdXov rjXdev opviffwv,irpbaiawa 5' avTwv i^^Xove Kai Kv^fias.Hdt. 2. 76 Trpbarw-rrov U {sc. ?/3tos) i^ rkfidXiffTa etriypvirov. Further evidencemay be found by consulting Bonitz, InJ.Arist. s.v. Aristotle observed that irptxx-

(OTTov bears a limited sense only in rela-tion to man : IxÔos yip Kal ôbs oiiXiyerai. irpbcrwirov {sc. rb virb to Kpai'iov)

h. a. I. 8. 491'' 10. Observe how wellthis meaning suits rvp^dj^ti : Arist. h. a.8. 6. 595* 17 piôdyov 8i p-dXiffra 7} vsiari Twv fi^wi', 5td rb ev ir


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841

oT(p S' epojTo? Brjyfjia vaLSiKov irpocrfj

841 TraidiKbv vulgo : iraLdiKuii' Bernardakis (cum codicibus suis, ut videtur),iraidiKov Valckenaer

|irpocr^ Aid. : irpoaijv codd. plerique, irp6ffffTi (nulla varietate

infra adscripta) Bernardakis

841 Plut. de prof, in virt. 4 p. 77 c' 6'r


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fruits (Hesych. ill p. 2r XelKvoiffi irporpi-ireadai. ' XeiKva iffTavTes irpoffdyea-dai [H.coni. irpocre^ixecrdai] ' a icrrt. Kava, i


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845 .

(TV 8' oivhpa OvrjTov el KaT(f)6LT0 crTVL


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 59

847

evKapnov Kvdepeiav

847 Plut. co/n. praec. 42 p. 144 BKaXuJs T7;' 'A^tpodiTrjv 6 ôop/3ia'

yacTTijp re yap aov kol yvddo^ 7r\T]pr]a5dêis codd.48.

848 Plut. qiiaest. Rom. 71 p. 280 F5td Kbpov KoX Tr\r)(Tp.ov7]i> ^v^plôvj5.'

Campbell holds that the lines musthave come from a satyric play, andHartung referred them to the 2,ijvdenrpoL.Wilamowitz makes the same suggestion,admitting that it is a pure guess. Wemay now compare the analogous case infr. 314, 358.^

1 o-a8


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foreign name, and compares it with aan-PiJKT], ^dpîTot, and fj.ayadis. It was pro-bably voXvxopdos. Its suitability to joyfulmusic is illustrated by Ov. Ars A/n. 3.327 (Usee etiam duplici genialia tiaiilia

palma \ verrere: conveniunt dulcibusilia iocis. That the same is true ofthe lyre is well known : see the note onEur. Hel. 185 dXvpou ^Xeyov, which willalso illustrate the use of the flute indirges. But, though all editors sincethe time of Brunck have accepted his

correction (see cr. n.), the collations ofBernardakis, which record that BD give^v avXd, justify the adoption of Wagener's%vav\a, which is better suited than oOvafiXa not only to the words of Plutarch

quoted above but also to the followingsentence (/cai yap 6 avXb^...Tbv irpGrrovXpbvov eiXKero wpos ra irivdr}). It shouldalso be observed that this reading makesSchneidewin's (j>iXr) unnecessary.

Welcker assigned this fragment to theThainyras.

I

850

Ovrii

Kol TOL < TO)V > 6e(OVhoi 8' ov.

850

850 Plut. def. or. g p. 414 d iroWaKaXa Tou Oeov didovTos dv&pwTroLs, dddvarovSi fiTjSiv wa-re 6vrivydh'' dir' oiipavov Oeov,' oiire

6 Zo0O/cXÔllJ A5yU,77TOS ' OVflbs 5' . ..

/Jl.ljXr]V.'

There is something amiss with the textof Plutarch, for the correction of whichthe insertion of opdQs after Alax'jXos (withXylander) is inadequate. It is certainthat the words were spoken by Alcestis,and consequently something like dpdwsijKovev is required in addition after 'A5-

fJLTjTos. dX^KTMp in the sense of ' husband(cf. aXoxos) is almost unexampled, and itis difficult to avoid the impression that it

must have been so grotesquely ambiguousas to be out of place in a serious play.In Lycophr. 1094 irapaioXiêi rds dXe*c-rdpciiv iriKpds

\trrtyavbixovs dpvidas, where

Tzetzes has dXe/cripwj' ofxoXiKTpuv,


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Men. 974. But examples are not want-ing in Greek literature : Eur. Cycl. 240a.Tro5raef. Eur. Ale. p. xvi)and Hartung. There is no other evidencethat Sophocles wrote a play dealing withthe fortunes of Admetus or Alcestis, butfrs. 91 1 and 953 have with some proba-bility been brought into this connexion.

Welcker, p. 344 ff , inferred that Sopho-cles wrote an Alcestis, but was obliged inconsequence to discredit the statement inthe Argument to the Alcestis of EuripidesTrap' ovhiript^ Kecrai. i) fivBowoda. Hartungingeniously attempted to escape from thedilemma by the hypothesis that the centralincident of the play was the deception ofthe Moirae, so that they were inducedunder the influence of wine to spare thelife of Admetus if he could procure a sub-stitute : see Aesch.

Eum. 726, 731,schol.

Eur. Ale. 12. The subject is known to

have been treated by Phrynichus (NauckFTG p. 720); and it has been conjecturedthat he wrote in the burlesque spirit(Wilamowitz, Isyllos, p. 66), and thatAdmetus was the traditional coward(Praxill. fr. 3, PLG ill 567). But thesacrifice of Alcestis was the necessaryissue of the story, whether seriouslytreated or not; and, even on Hartung'sassumption, it is difficult to account forthe statement of Aristophanes of Byzan-tium. The riddle can hardly be solvedin the present state of the evidence, butI should guess that Sophocles wrote asatyr-play dealing with the drjTeia ofApollo and the marriage of Admetus to

Alcestis. The story was that Apolloin recognition of the humane treatmentwhich he had received from Admetushelped him to fulfil the condition imposedby Pelias upon his daughter's suitors, thatno one should be successful unless heyoked a boar and a lion in the same car(Apollod. I. 105, Hygin. /rt(5. 51). Weknow that satyr-plays were generallyshort and simple in structure, and thoughthese materials are somewhat scanty,they seem

capableof being fitted

intoa dramatic framework.

852

k(x>kvt6^ ijXTreTTTcoKev

ixovcra koI aeLprjv fxia

852. 1 aeldujv alii codices p. 518

852 Plut. de curios. 6 p. 518c 'delb' ...iixviiTTiiiKev,' aiJTr) rots iroKvirpdyp-Offi.

'ixovcra Kai ffeiprjv /lia.' de cohib. ir. 15p. 463 B ' dei 5' doiSJiv /xovvos iv (rr^yais

'

dpyiXov dvdpbs ' KWKvrb^ efj.ir^-n-T(i}Ke.These lines are included by Nauck

among the adespota (fr. 387). I followWilamowitz (TV. Gr. fragg. p. 26) inassigning them to Sophocles on accountof the use of the Ionic /xovvos, which hashitherto been regarded as peculiar to him(Jebb on O.T. 304: but see on fr. 820).The same critic pointed out that the words|i,ov


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853

TO, TrXetcrra (fxopcov alcr)(pa (f>(i}pdcrLi\las i] (t>av\6T7]% koX Kark tov ZooK\â'to. 7r\HaTa...l3pOTCbv.'

The saying of Bias of Priene ol irXelaToiAvdpUTToi KaKoL (Diels, Vorsokrat? II 216,

20) was quoted by Heraclitus (fr. 104 D.)in the form ol iroWol KaKol, dXiyoi 8^ dya-

0ol. The repetition (i>p(ov...o>paa(is isclumsy, and F. W. Schmidt proposed asalternatives either to, irXelaTa 5' iopQv

or ataxp' ((pevpTjffeii. The latter is muchto be preferred and may be right : cf.Plat. /egg. 954 A (pupav 8i &v ediXr) ti'sTt Trap' oTtpouv, yv/jLvds, fifwtrxos, irpoofMSaas

Tovs vojj.Lfj.ov'i deoiis ^ fxr]v iXirlêiv evpi)-

aetv, oVtu (pupav.

TTLKp^ TTlKpaV Kkvt,OV(Tl (fiapfXaKO) -ôXljv

854 Plut. de tranq. an. 7 p. 468B

uairtp ol 1iO


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855

ov /xe)a^o/x,at ere- hpoiv yap ev KaKO)o|xai, with ace. pers. as in /. 384,Eur. /.A. 1020, indicates dissatisfaction

with another's conduct. The dat. isnormal where the relations of two partiesare concerned, as with the meaning'rebuke.' Sp^v.-.X^Ycis recalls and isperhaps reminiscent of Hector's Alai'afjLapToew^s, ^ovydie (Horn. N 824).In Antisth. At. 7 Ajax asks the jury toattend to deeds rather than words: for

ovSe/jLtav ^x^' X670S irpbi ipyov i^x'^v...eiffeade di d/cpt^wy, on 5t' dwopiav ^pycoviroWoi Kal (laKpol \6yoi XiyovTM. Ob-serve that the participle bears the mainstress : ' for evil though thy words, thydeeds are good.' See n. on Eur. He/.1 2 14. Find. JVem. 8. 24 refers to Ajax:

ij TLv' dyXuaffov fih rjrop 5' AXki/jlov \d9aKarix^f-

I

^>' Xvyp


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858

^paSela fxev yap iv Xoyoidi Trpoa-fioX-qfjLoXi'; St' ojTos ep^er at pvucofxeuovTrpocrcj 8e Xevcracjv, iyyvOep Se 770,9 fv(f>X6^.

858. 1 ^ape?a Hervverden/jiivov Kock, piiirov vXiu Naber

2 pviruifj.ivov Meineke : Tpviruju^vov codcl., KW(po3 np6l. 31. 26.H. drew the inference that a line hadbeen lost after Tpvirupiivov, and renderedthus:' The sound of talking falls with slow

impress,

And hardly penetrates the pierced ear;Only far off; when close, 'tis always

blind.'


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 65

859

6ôv (cf. tb. 450, where ^dpâpovrpbirov is applied to the (pifjiol ffvpiôvresof Eteoclus). In Eur. Rhes. 383 ff. theTrojan chorus are speaking of RhesusISe xpi'C'^Serov aw/Maros AXk-^v, | xXiye Kal

KdfiTTOvs KUtduivoKphrovs | irapa iropw&KwvKeXadovvras. Euripides scoffs in a similarspirit at the melodramatic methods of

Aeschylus when putting on the stage hisKi^Kj'ons Kal M^fivovas KU}d


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86i

'Xeiprjva6pKov Kopa^;, Bpoovvre Toijq ''AlSov vojxov*;.

861. 1 (i(Ta restituit LobeckddpoOvToi) codd.

861 Plut. ^. conv. g. 14. 6 p. 745 FKaddwep So^okX^ous 'OSvaaevs 0j;


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865

hetvoi' TO Tcts Heidov^ TrpoaayiTov865 Plut. di Herod, malign, i p. 854 F

^r^crti' 6 2o0okX^s, naXiara 6' Srac ^f X67VTesKal KaTaKbTTTOVTCi bffov


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 69

867

v yap Koi hi^oararoiv Xoyo?(TvyKoWa Tonji^olv e? {xecrov reKratVerat.

867. 2 (TvyKoWa Tdfji(poiv Brunck :


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424 A Kal fii)v, elirov, iroKirela, i&virep arrafopfxi/ia-ri v, ^pxerai watrep kvkXos avâvo-

nivT}, and (2) Hippodamus ap. Sidb. Jlor.98. 71 iravra fiiv liv to. Ovara. Si' dvdyKav

ipiffio's ev fieraôkais KaXivBeiTat.. .yevofievayap diêrai to, irpdyixara, Kal de^-qdivraaK/xdêi, Kal dKixdaavra yqpdffKei, KalriXoi iiarara ipdeiperaL rd p.h virb (piai-osis rb ddrjXov avrds Tepfxari^d/jLeva, KalirdXiv iK Tov dSriXov is rb dvarbv iiri-avve px^f^fva, dfioi^qi yeviaios Kal dpra-iroSSffei (pdopds, kvkXov aiiTaijras dvairodi-ôlaas, and commented as follows : ' Thegeneral conception of a kijkXos in humanaflfairs (kijkXos dvOpunrrftwv irpayfidTUV

Hdt. I. 207) was a very ancient andfamiliar one : there are allusions to itfor instance in Pind. O/. 2. 22, 12. 6,Is/Am. 3. 18, />//5. 2. 89. The appli-cation of it varies, and so do the imagesthat it gives rise to : you could speak ofit as a revolving wheel, the Wheel ofFortune, or as an orb that waxes andthen wanes : and you might either say''the wheel has come full-circle or ''theorb has cofjie full-circle. In Sophoclesand Hippodamus we have a combinationof them both.' He also inferred that allthese passages were derived from olderPythagorean teaching. The last conclu-sion may be supported by Diog. L. 8. 14TrpcDrif re (/)acri tovtov (Pythag.) dTros, a change for the worse. kukXiItcuis passive here, but probably middle inAt. 35 (Jebb's n.).

3 J. points out that if 5' is retained(see cr. n.), we must suppose that v. 8was followed by an apodosis ('as... so').

4 (TTtivai, remain fixed. J. quotesAnt. 1 156 o-uK âO' biroiov a-Tdvr' &vdvOpdiTTOV piov

I

oCt' alviffaifx' &p Kre.(where however the sense is not certain).Add Eur. 1. 402 icrus ydp dv

\fjibXis

nrpoâlvovff' }) TtJX't ffral-q koXws, i.e.,the revolution of fortune will be checkedwhen prosperity comes uppermost. Forthe sense Mekler quotes Hor. Carni. 2.II. 10 tieque uno luna riibens nitet

\

voltu.

5 f. vâ might be either nom. sing,fem. or ace. plur. neut., but is probablythe latter (so J.). irpocrwira: the pluralmight be distributive here, but such anexplanation is not necessary : see El. 1277,O.C. 314, Kuehner-Gerth l 18.

7 atiTii]s virpiro-TaTii : in this idiomavTos (aiiT-r)) is generally found as well asthe genitive of the reflexive. If Cobet{N.L. p. 686) intended to deny that thenominative could be omitted, this passageis sufficient to refute him. For the con-fusion with evyeveardrifj cf. fr. 864. Na-ber's iKTrpeTrecTTaryj is attractive (see for

the confusion Eur. Ale. 333, Hec. 269);but KaXXOvovaa in the previous line showsthat the text may be right.

8 Ka-irl ^rfilv ?pxTai. Cf. El. 999 f.dal/xuv de toIs fxiv eirvxv^ Kad' f]fji.ipav

\

TIfuv 5' diToppei Kairi fi-ribev ^pxerai, where,as Kaibel points out, the metaphor istaken from a stream drying up. Here'das unbildliche und vieldeutige' Kdicl/XT/S^j'^pXfT-ai means 'disappears.' Nauck'spreference for the variant is rb firidiv isdifiScult to understand : contrast Eur. //ec.622 (quoted by J.) ws is to /xfjdiv -^KOfiev.Naber proposed to substitute otxerai for^pxerai. The text is confirmed by iirlfieiôv ^pxerai ' grows in strength,' whichrecurs in Fhil. 259, Eur. //ec. 380.

H. renders thus' But my fate circles on the shifting wheelOf God's reversal, and still suffers change;Like to the pale moon's face, that cannot

stayFor two nights ever in the same aspect,But first comes issuing from the dim

then growsWith lovelier visage waxing to the fullAnd once at her bright fairest then

forthwithLapses and fades, and comes to nothing-


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872

/cat rav vioprov, as er' aoroXo?^^trwi^

dvpalov d[JL(f)l jxrjpov

TTTvcrcrerat, 'Epfxiovav

1 viopTov Valckenaer : veopyhv (vel ;'eoi/p76') codd. | as ^t' Auratus :72.Offer' codd.

872 Plut. Lye. et Num. comp. 3 ry7ap dvri ToO irapdeviKOv x'^'wcos ai irripv-ye% ovK rjcrav avveppafj-fi^vai KCLTuOev, dWdiveirTâaovTo koX (rvvey^fivow 6\ov iv t(^

âdiîv t6v /xrjpdu. Kal (ra


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Diog. L. I.e. says that, when Diony-sius I of Syracuse quoted these verses toAristippus, the latter rejoined, ovk isTi.

SovXos, Siv Aei/^epoj fi6\ri. Plutarch

(p. 33 d) ascribes the correction to Zeno(fr. 197 of my ed. = fr. 2r9 Arn.). Itshould be observed that in either casethe philosopher was pressing into hisservice the meaning which iXeijOepos borewhen predicated of the Wise Man both byCyrenaics and Stoics, i.e., to adopt Plut-arch's paraphrase, 6 dSerjs /coi fxtya\bp(dv

Kal drairelvuTos.

1 See cr. n. Nauck and Dind. accept7otp wj, but I incline to think that 8i irpos

is more like ly to be the original reading.For the supersession of 5^ by ydp seefr. 951, 3, and the evidence collected byHeadlam, On editing Aeschylus, p. 1 19 ff.That tbs is sometimes an intruder in thissense appears from Porson on Eur. Phoen.

1415, /.r. 335 (Aid. ),Zr?>/. 1293 (schol.),

Ar. Ach. 242; and many scholars ejectit from O.T. 1481, Track. 366.-11*^0-pcvTai, travels to visit. The word isunknown to ordinary Attic in this sense,

but is used by Sophocles also in O. T. 456and El. 405, where Kaibel remarks thatin Ar. Ach. 754 the speaker is the Mega-rian. Observe also that ifiiropos in thesense of 'traveller' is similarly restricted:

Ar. Ach. 480 is paratragoedic (Starkie).

J. remarks that Sophocles may havebeen thinking of the court of Hiero ofSyracuse, where Simonides spent his lastyears and which Aeschylus also visitedand adds that, if the reference was toEuripides at the court of Archelaus, the

verses must have been written later than408 B.C.

Semenow for very inadequate reasonsattributed these lines to the Aapia-aaToi

(Bl. /. bayr. Gymn. 1898, 849 fif.).

874(3 Oeoi, 71% apa KvTrpt? ^ rt? Ifiepo^TOvBe ^vutjxIjaTO ;

874 Plut. Timol. 36 tQ)v 5^ Tt^o- keovros ipyuv ovd^v iariv f ixtj to. toOllo


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875

opdoKepcos (f>pLKr}

875 Pollux 2. 31 odep Kal wapa Tlocpo-K\e2 '6p06Kpu}s piK7)^ olov dpddOpi^. Phot./ex. p. 346, 5 dpdbKepws- 6pd66pi^. l>o. 551rpLXos 5' opOias ttXok

afios'iararaL.

Thehyperbole of dpdal Tplxis(O.C. 1624, Eur.Jê/. 633 etc.) is not really less remark-able, though it has become familiar fromrepetition. The transferred epithet isparallel to Aesch. C/io. 32 6pd6dpi^ (poôs,if Heath's correction is right : cf. O. C.

7 1 1 aCxvtÔ' eiiiTTirov, Phi/. 208 ai)5a.Tpvffavup, etc.

Mekler conjectures that the phrase mayrefer to the metamorphosed lo.

876

KpLd(0(T7)6pov ' re Kal ' KpidGivra irwXov'

(4: 1640), ZocpoKXiji de ?ws otov [Sts A]KpidibcrTjs 6vov.

The words which introduce the quo-tation from Sophocles are undoubtedlyeither corrupt or defective; two methodsof treatment are possible, (r) t'ws otovis to be taken as a conjunction, equivalentto ?ws alone, and parallel to ^wj o5 inHdt. 2. 143, where it is commonly alteredto ii S. ^ws was often so employed inHellenistic

Greek{e.g. Plut. tnsi. Lacon.

42 p. 240 b) : see Blass, Gramm. d. neu-test. Griech. pp. 124, 266. This was Her-mann's view, who, supposing that the verbhad dropped out, completed a trimeterby inserting xpa^ffeie after 6tov. Tucker,who corrects (C.A . xvii 189) ?ws otov

\

Kpid


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877

a(T7rd6r)Tov^alvav

877 Pollux 7. 36 (Tirddr), 66ev koL toavadoiv Kal t6 ' d


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the form of bees. Gruppe, Gr. Myth.p. Soig, finds an allusion to this belief inHygin. y^^^. 136, where Polyidus, havingseen an owl sitting on a wine-jar and

driving off the bees, is guided by the omento the corpse of Glaucus concealed in thecask (11 p. 56) ; and traces to the samesource the fact that the appearance of aswarm of bees was considered ill-omened.The subject has been exhaustively ex-amined by A. B. Cook vaJ.H.S. xv i 24.

A parallel is to be found in the commonconception of the soul as a bird : seee.i;. Plut. qu. conv. 4. 3. 4 p. 666 CFrazer {G.B? in p. 34), quoting a super-stition of the Indians in British Columbia,says: ' The shaman can hear the buzz-ing of its wings, like the buzz of amosquito, as the soul flits past.' Or thesoul might assume butterfly form (see

fount. Phil. XXX 214); or even, as in Su-matra, that of a fly [G.B.^ ill, pp. 36, 39).

880

*AX


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 77the verse is taken from a comic poet, whowas parodying Aeschylus. But this seems arash conjecture, when the schol. on Aesch.quotes it as evidently a well-knotvn verseof Sophocles, and when the other writerassociates it with a verse from the Orestes[and with Ar. Vesp. 31]. There is nothingabsurd in, methought the two con-tinents came, if the next words were, in the form of fair women, or some-thing of that kind. Cp. Track. 9 ix.vr)-arijs yap rjv /xol irorafids, 'Axe^vov Xiyw.If the last two words had been lost, wouldNauck have ascribed the others to acomedy? Cobet's objection to Nauck,based on /loXelv that the word is purelytragic is, as Nauck says, unsoundwhen a parody is in question ' [Ruther-ford, New Phrynidms, p. 41]. (J.) Seealso Haupt in Herm. i 28. The casemay perhaps be strengthened by observ-ing that the purpose of the schol., as hisquotation from Euripides shows, was not

to suggest that Sophocles (or another) wasimitating Aeschlyus, but purely linguistic,to illustrate the use of Soksiv in connexionwith dreams (hence his irpbaexe rrj tovdvelpov dvayvwaei.). Moreover, the hypo-thetical case which J. assumes, actuallyoccurs in Mosch. 2. 7 (Europa in hersleep) d}l(xar' fjireipovs Sotas irepl elo fid-Xe(TOai,

\'AcrLda t' avriiripriv re* (pxA^v 5'

ixov ola yvvaiKfs. This passage, whichwas quoted by Pierson, is at least as muchlikely to have been influenced by Sopho-cles as by Aeschylus, for it bears no othertrace of direct imitation from the Persae.Hartung assigned the verse to the Acrisiuson the strength of fr. 65.

Tw. The epigraphic evidence is deci-sive in favour of this form : see Meister-hans-^, p. 123. The same considerationsapply to the feminine forms of thepronouns oSros, os, for which see Jebbon Ant. 769, O.T. 1472 f., Cobet V.L.69 ff.

882

adat]

882 Schol. Apoll. Rhod. 4. 269 kuIA/


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expanse of the sea. As dwelling on thehill-top, the Athenians are themselvescalled Kpavaol: see Hdt. 8. 44, Strab.

397,Ar. Av. 123. (The last-quoted

passage does not imply an otherwiseunverified at Kpavaai, but is a simpleinstance of comparatio covipendiaria.)

The next step was to invent an epony-mous Kpai'a6s, who first appears inAesch. Eum. 1012, and whose artificial

character may be estimated from Pausan.I. 1. 6, and Apollod. 3. 187. This issurely a simpler account than to supposethat Kpai'oci was etymologically connectedwith KCipo, which may or may not be true,and that the adjective was originally anepithet of Athena, meaning 'sprung fromthe head,' and was consequently appliedto any locality where she was worshippedso Gruppe, Gr. Myth. pp. 11958, 1210.

884

6 (TKrjTTTpO^dfXCDV atCTO?, KVOJV At09

884 crK7]TrTo^dfiu}v Victorius

884 Schol. Ar. Av. 515 d^ov eiirelviirl rod cTK-ZjiTTpov elirev eTri ttjs KecpoKTJs.oiJTd} yap 6 Uifdapos [Pyth. 1.6)' f/5 0'

6.va. (TKawTpip A(6s aierds,' Kai So^o/cX^s'6 (7Kr]TrTpopdfi(j}v...Ai6s.'

The eagle, the king of birds (Aesch.Ag. 115), was the minister of Zeus, the

king of the gods (Hom. 292, Ant. 1040etc.). Hence the proverb Zei)s derbve'iXero Apostol. 8. 28. An ivory sceptrewith an eagle perched upon it was repre-sented as held in the left hand of thefamous statue of Zeus which Phidiasfashioned for the temple at Olympia(Pausan. 5. 11. i). Similar sceptres,marking them as divine, were borne by

earthly kings of the heroic age (Ar. Av.509 f.), and by Oriental monarchs. SoJuv. 10. 43 5e \d9pq,. Hence Suid. copied

s.vv. \aL9apyos, aalveadai. Schol. Ar.Eq. 1068 XaLdapyoL K^ves X^yovrai at\ddpq, TTpoffiovcrai Kal 8dKV0v^ is awkwardly placed).rovTO Si ot iroXXot irapacpdeipavre^ Xadpo-

8'f)KT7}v KaXovcTiv. Hcrodian. ap. Piers.Moeris, p. 471 (Lob. Phryn. p. 464)Xrjdapyos 5e k\j(iiv 6 Kpv 6 irpoa


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38 [Etym. Gud. p. 360, 52) \ai9apyoiKis S'd/i^i raj yivvas d


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890

/cep/ciSo? vixvoitcLAnt. I 717; Frazer's Pausanias li p. 204Stengel, Griech. KuUusalt.^ p. 161 ; andfor the place itself Wachsmuth in Pauly-Wissowa I 887. There is a curiouscoincidence to be mentioned, which, ifnot accidental, supports Tucker's view.In Ar. Pan. 35 1 there was a variant i^wycTdvdrjpov iXeiov Sdiredov, recognized bythe schol. ^^076 eU t6 irdvd-qpov Kal iXeiovSdiredov, irdvOrjpov 5i iravrodairwv dr^pLwv

P. III.


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desTiKdv. Now cf. Bekk. anecd. p. 334,II 'Aypai...6voiJ.a(70rjuai 5# avrb ol fiivAwb TTJs 'ApT^/j.idos, irpdrtpov 'EXiKwvaKaXovfievov, ol di dirb toD ivdrjpov dvai

Kal nrXijpes aypfvfiaros. Was the absurdreading irdvd'qpov originally due to anassociation with Agrae? In Rutherford's

re-arrangement from cod. R the quotationfrom Sophocles, which he treats as havingbeen lost, and the words ai'0r]...-iredl(p areconnected with avdrjpbv in v. 351 and

separated from Xei/xw>' 6.v6.Kei.Tai. Thisis an improvement, unless the referencewas intended for O. C. 1048.

892

TratSa? yap ovva dva\w(ra


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895

ael yap ev tt'ltttovctlv ol Aios KvySot.895 Schol. Eur. Or. 603 oh Si fiij

vivTOVffiv eC] dvTL toO dwavTQffiv. (tpr]Tai

5i dwb fieraôpds rCbv kv^wv. kuI ôo-kKtis 'del...Kvôi.' The line is quotedas proverbial without reference to theauthor's name by schol. Aesch. ^^. 33,Zenob. 2. 44, Diogen. 1. 58, Greg. Cypr.I. 18, Macar. i. 37, Suid. s.v. dei, Phot,ed. Reitz. p. 37 ; and as a tragic proverbby Eustath. //. p. 1084, i, and Od. p.1397, 18. In Stob. ec/. i. 3. 32 p. 58,7 W. the lemma has been lost in ourMSS : the chapter in which it occurs isentitled irepl 5t/c?;5 Trapd tou deov rera-

y/jLevris iTroTrreveiv rd iTri yrjs yiyvofieva iiirb

Twv dvdp(j)Tr(i)v, Tifjiupov oOcrrjs tu>v d/xap-TavbvTiav. Nauck thinks that there is anecho of this fr. in Alexis fr. 34, 11 310K.TOLOVTo Tb ^rjv iffTiv uicnrep ol Krjôi '

|oii

tuvt' del irliTTOvcnv.

How was the verse applied by Sopho-cles? Zenob. explains iirl tQv els ndvraeiidaifiovoijvrwv. ol 8i iirl tCiv d^lo3S

Tifnofiipwv (vulgo Ti/j.o}povfj.ivuv). Diogen.has the same, with Tifiu/xivu} '. Greg.Cypr. has only iirl rQv d|tws Tifiu/xevwv,Macarius iirl tGjv d^lojs ivbaLfiovotJvTwv.(Macar. i. 38 gives the variant: del rpls

?| iriiTTOucnv ol Aibs Kvôf iirl tQv eisdwavTa evdai/xovovvTcou.) Suidas is fuller :iirl TWf d^lojs Kal eis iravra. evdaifiovovvTuv'ol Se iirl tQ)v d|iws TLfiuipovfJiiviav. Thesevariations show some fluctuation of opinionat a time when the verse had long beenisolated from its context. I suspect

however that rifiupovfiivuv rather thanTifiufji-^vuv was the original comment,inasmuch as Stobaeus quotes the wordsin order to illustrate the inflexibility ofdivine Justice in the punishment of trans-gressors. Crusius prefers rinwpov/jiivuyon critical grounds {Paroemiographica,p. 44). If then some interpreters under-stood that invariable success, others thatmerited punishment was the subject ofthe figure, it is possible to reconcile andexplain their views, if we reflect that theformer is represented by Zeus and thelatter by the offenders whom he punishes.Thus the statement that ' Zeus neverfails ' implies that with him Justice nevermiscarries. Exactly the same meaning,but with a different metaphor, that ofwrestling, occurs in Aesch. Siippl. 95irlTTTei 5' dfftpaXis ovd' iirl vdirip,

\ Kopv^fAios et

I

KpavOri irpdyfia riXeiov. For Zeus

as the representative of supreme happinesscf. I'ind. /s/h. 4. 14 /htj /xdreve Zei)s ye-viadaf irdvT ?x s, | ei' ere to^twv fiocpî(l)iKOLTo KoKGiv. Observe that cS irCir-Tov(riv must mean ' yield a good throwto the player, who in this case is Zeus.Hence ei5 iriirreii' is used for ' to be suc-cessful ' where dice are not mentionedEur. Or. 603, Med. 55 xPVO'to2os So^Xois^viJ,v in the moral sphere developedlater. Cf Track. 435 to ydp \ vocrovvriX-rjpeiv dvSpbs ovxl ffio^povoi. Iambi, vif.Pyih. 213 rotaOra . . . 5id Xbyuv re Kcd^pyuv TjiTKeiTo irepl (ruKppoaiJviji. The

construction ffib^puiv ipya laa t.X. isdifficult to justify, especially since Del-

briick has shown the limited range ofthis accusative (Synt. i 391). Nauck'sconj. ^pya SpCiv X6701S Ua is better thanMeineke's ipya 6' oh Xiyeis laa orSchmidt's K&pya ffoh X6yois laa. But,as Dindorf sensibly remarks, SpGiv mayhave followed in the next line. So nowMekler, who formerly conjectured dels.(for Tols) or âda.


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897

od(f)vr]v (f)ay(i)i' oBovtl nple to crrofxa.

897 Schol. Hes. Theog. 30 Kai /notaKijirrpov ^5oi> 8a.ayia, so that 5. deidei= recites laurel {C.Q.iV 113, 119). InTheophr. char. 28 J. the superstitious

man keeps a laurel leaf in his mouth asa charm. For a parallel from India seeFrazer's Pausanias, V p. 235. Similarlyof poets so inspired by Apollo: Juv. 7. 19nectit quicumque canoris

\ eloquium vocale

mod is laurumque momordit. 686vti irpltTO o-Tojjia: ' bite thy lips with thy teethi.e. keep thy lips tightly closed. Ar.Ran. 927 /x^ x/)te rouj b^bvTo.'s [where,however, the meaning is ' don't gnashyour teeth '], Soph. Trach. 976 lax^daKuiv


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unreasonably doubted. Thus Dindorf(Sckol. II. II p. 385) strangely supposedthat the reference to Sophocles merelyconcerned the form of the compound,

and was to be understood as applying toO. C. 718 tCjv eKaTO/xirddicv J^rjprjdwv.Nauck finally wrote {Index, p. Xiv) :'sine dubio delendum, cf. Eur. fr. 47'2, .^'6.v6,(j0wv Kp'qTTii eKaTOfiTTToKi^ffpov. Thiscomes from an anapaestic address chantedby a choir of Phrygian priests to Minos,

and Nauck apparently supposes that thescholiast's Trapa Xo . . .xo-pq..' Schol.Ar. Lys. 8 ro oTroieh dvri tov iaKvdpuira-K^yai. dvb tov TrapaKoXovOovvTos. tolovtovydp t6 irp6


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Antiph. fr. 307, 11 131 K., aipeiv Diphil.fr. 86, 4, II 569 K., Toôiroieiv Ar. Lys. 8,and avvTeiveiv Plut. def. or. 6, p. 412 F,and, on the other, Xucrat Eur. Hipp. 290,fiefffijâi I. A. 648, axa-cai Phoen. 454 (n.),and xô.v Ar. Vesp. 655. Similarly inLatin Hor. C. 3. 29. 16 sollicitam ex-

plicuere frontem, Ter. Adelph. 839 exporgefrontem, Plaut. Cas. iSi porrectiorefronte.

Starkie (on Vesp. I.e.) quotes Shaksp.Macbeth iii. 2.27' sleek o'er your ruggedlooks.' For cos av see on Eur. Hel. 1 182.It is always final in Soph, except in Ai.

1 369, where see Jebb.

ov TT(x)TTo0' vfjLav roTcriv Schneidewin | iKXeXey/x^voir

Schneidewin : ^KXeXei/jiii^voii cod. 2 rjSioi> E. A. I. Ahrens : tdtov cod. | &vGomperz : el cod.

| x'^P^^/^^ Nauck : x'^P^f^^ cod.

904 Schol. T Horn. S 274 ai^fVosTTjv 8{iva/Mv, 6 iffTi T7]v arpaTidv. outo3

Kal ol


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905

OS TTapaKTiav

905. 2 dvr]fipr]Sd\wv^poTO


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AAHAQN APAMATQN 89

Kal oi iroirjTal (TO(pi8i iwiXiyei iraii^uv

t6 ' iv ydp Tl TOVTWV TUV TpiQv #x< KaKbv.'TavTa 5i elvai Xiyovciv, a QTjpafji,ivr]s CipiffeTrpo(7Tifj.ri/j.ara. Uo\6^7}\os At}/xoTvv5dpf(p

(fr. 3, I 790 K.) ' TpiQv KaKwv yovv rjveXicrd ' ai'/rc^ tl nda' dvdyKr), | 17 ^6\ovii\Kiv, 7} wKiv Kwveiov, rj vpoSbvra \ tt]vvavv OTTWS Tdx'CTtt Tuv KaKwv diraWayrj-vai.

ITavT i(7Ti Tpia Qr^pafxivovs, a aoL

(pvXaKTi' ijriv.' 'ApiffToipdvrji Tpi.


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H^vovs S^SoiKa ri rpia ravrl.^ ITesych. ivp. 189 Twv rpiwv ?v Qrtpafji^vrjs \p7)ev Alir6\ois. ' ApiffTeiSrjs [FHG IV 327}\xev oSv


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is common in Sophocles, as may beseen from the examples quoted by Jebbon y^t. 13. I cannot follow Ellendt,who denies that the present instance isparallel, and renders niercatuin instituere('You have started in business'). amjpis often used to emphas

Documents

The Fragments of Sophocles, vol. 3/3