Name:  ___________________________________  Block:  ___________  Date:  _____________________________    

  5  

 

The Female Reproductive System: vagina, ovaries and XX chromosomes

The Main Purpose of the Female Reproductive System

 

 

 

 

Primary Sexual Characteristics Secondary Sexual Characteristics All  the  structures  that  

____________________________________   Present  ________________    Mature  __________________  and  enable  

females  to  reproduce    

Begins  with  __________________   ________________________   ________________________   ________________________   ________________________  

Structure of a Human Egg Cell

AKA  ________________________  

Much  _______________________  than  sperm  because  it  contains  

many  nutrients  to  be  used  for  cell  division  ____________________________________  

_____________________  to  prevent  more  sperm  from  entering  

Egg Production & Development

All  sex  cells  present  at  birth  

Born  with  _____________________but  most  _______________________  

Left  with  __________________________at  puberty  

Once  sexual  maturity  is  reached,  _____________________  matures  and  is  released  

_______________________  

Where  egg  cells  mature  &  are  released  =  _______________________  

Females  have  ______________  ovaries    

Ovaries  contain  many  _______________________,  each  containing  a  single  _________________________  as  well  as  cells  that  ________________________________  the  developing  egg  

Ovaries  produce  female  sex  hormones  _____________________________________  

 

Name:  ___________________________________  Block:  ___________  Date:  _____________________________    

  6  

Ovary at various stages of development

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Menstrual Cycle

Begins  during  ____________________  

Lasts  __________________________    

(can  vary  between  individuals  and  changes  throughout  lifetime)  

Keeps  repeating  until  _______________________(when  it  stops)  between  ______________________  of  age  

Each  cycle,  a  ____________________________  matures  and  is  released  

Several  follicles  develop  but  usually  only  a  single  follicle  and  egg  

reach  maturity  in  either  ovary  

As  the  follicles  matures,  __________________________________________________develop  around  the  egg  

Once  the  egg  matures,  it  will  burst  through  the  wall  of  the  ovary  =              

Empty  follicle  matures  and  produces  estrogen  &  progesterone  =              

The Path of the Egg

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name:  ___________________________________  Block:  ___________  Date:  _____________________________    

  7  

 

If  the  egg  is…  

NOT  FERTILIZED  =  _________________________________  

FERTILIZED  =  _____________________________________  

Menstruation

If  egg  isn’t  fertilized,  it  continues  to  uterus  and  is  ____________________  from  the  vagina  

Endometrium  stops  developing  and  is  shed  =  ________________________  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Phase Description of events Hormones produced Day (approximate)

flow  phase       1-­‐5  

follicular  phase       6-­‐13  

ovulation       14  

luteal  phase       15-­‐28  

Name:  ___________________________________  Block:  ___________  Date:  _____________________________    

  5  

Pregnancy

If  egg  is  fertilized  by  sperm  in  the  _______________________,  it  becomes  a  __________________________and  it  will  continue  to  divide  and  travel  to  the  _____________________________  

After  _______________________________,  it  reaches  the  uterus,  the  mass  of  

cells  is  now  called  an  ______________________________  and  it  will  ________________________  into  the  endometrium  

Female Accessory Glands

 

AKA  __________________  in  humans  

During  pregnancy,  high  levels  of  

_______________________________  stimulate  production  of  more  _______________  

Shortly  after  birth,  progesterone  _____________________  and  another  hormone  called  

___________________________________  causes  milk  to  be  produced  

The  number  of  mammary  glands  in  a  species  is  related  to  how  many  offspring  they  produce  in  one  pregnancy  

 

 

 

Homework:  Textbook  p.116  #3,  4,  8,  9,  12,  16