The Factors

7/27/2019 The Factors

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Medicine Through Time

By Miss Nortonwww.SchoolHistory.co.uk


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What are factors?

Factors are the causes that have made things

happen in the history of medicine.

They are different influences on thedevelopment of medicine.

Each factor plays an important role in

medicines changes over time. Factors can help or hinder change.


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How do factors work?

Almost always the factors work together to

produce or prevent development in

medicine.

Although we will examine them separately

remember that it would be very unusual for

a single factor to alter the history of

medicine.


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How do we examine factors?

Identify the factors - see how they worked

together- examine which was most

important, if any.

For example - Penicillin

Second World War

The need for an

antibiotic

Individuals - Fleming,

Florey and Chain

Chance - the

discovery ofmould!


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So what factors play a part in

Medicine?

Warfare

Governments Religion

Chance

Individuals


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Warfare

War increased the need for

medicine - without effective

medicine there would be noarmy to fight!

Roman army hospitals

Pars ointment and ligatures

Nightingale and the conditions in hospitals

Penicillin

X-rays & Skin grafts


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Governments

A government needs to get involved in medicine ifit wants to stay in power.

Public Health means health for all, controlled by

the government.Romans - aqueducts, baths

19th Century - Public Health

act

Mass vaccinations

1948 Start of NHS

Medieval towns -

Plague

Industrial Cities -

cholera, typhoid,

high death rates


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Religion

It spread ideas and

educationProvided care for the

needy

Kept the ideas of Galen

Some helped as they

were called by God

Prevented dissection

Prevented new ideas

as Galens fitted the

Churches teachings

Dissection allowed

around 1400 -

Protestantism began


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Chance

Chance has played a large role in medicine

What if Pare had not run out of oil?

Pasteurs work on Chicken cholera was anaccident.

What if Fleming had not seen the mould?

Or what if he had cleaned up?


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Individuals

Hippocrates - father of modern medicine

Galen - Roman creator of medicine for 1500

years. Vesalius, Pare, Harvey - the new men of the

Renaissance


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Individuals

Nightingale, Simpson, Lister - nursing,

anaesthetic and antiseptic

Koch and Pasteur - where does diseasecome from?

Fleming, Florey and Chain - penicillin


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Other Factors

Communications - new methods of sharing

ideas, and of stopping ideas!

Science and Technology - new poortechnology prevents advances, new

machines, such as microscopes help it

Conservatism - the desire for no change canstop good ideas from spreading


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Factors

Factors are essential - without them nothing wouldhappen.

All the factors play a role in medicine, helping and

hindering. In groups examine the following questions -

Which factor do you consider the most importantand why?

Which factor advanced medicine the most andwhy?

Which factor held medicine back and why?

Documents

The Factors