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V
Chapter 12
JKMilSiil^^ 204 The Branch JOrrt elligancs Officer will procure
and distribute all maps and necessary inforrcat ion to the
air units to which he is assigned particularly Airdrome
Maps Summaries of Intelligence lt lie will keep the maps
posted in airdromes up to slate and will assist the pershy
sonnel of the air service in instters that pertain to
inteliigene-e
205 The intelligence sections at army and corps
headquarters will be responsible for formulating the program
and photography and for preparing thampfor air reconnaissance written orders for its execution This method will also be
bull followed at divisional hszligkd^ua^teray tor air reconnaissance
onlywhen air cnjts are attached to a ddvision 2h these
orders the stmt to be photographed the degree of urgency theshy
altitud-e and the type of photographic apparatus willall be
specified and the zone required to be photographed plainly
marked -on a map accompanying the orier It is indwSLpeasible j
tltyr air service units engaged on reconnaissance to follow
strictly the program for photography thus laid down
206 Compandors -and staff officers requiring airplaneX
photographs willsubmit their appliDarions to the intelligence u25a0u25a0bullu25a0u25a0bull u25a0i u25a0bull -
u25a0u25a0section of the arm or- corps whiioh nilcaneider the relative
needs and urgency and wnen necessary prepare special orders
to meet pre s sing re guintsraquou25a0
207 A daily report of the missions carried- out
and a list of all- photographs taken will be submitted by each n
Branch Intelligence Officer to the army and corps intelligence
sections
82
20Sv Copies of photographs taken will foamp issuampd
by the Branch Intelligence Officer or through the army or
corps intelligence sections in accordance with the disshy
tribution list established by the Assistant Chief of Staff
G-2u25a0u25a0 of the army or corps Copies of all photographs
taken by corps aviation willin all cases be sent to the
army intelligence section
u25a0209 Since unintefpreted vertical airplane
amp photographs are of little or no use to unite not provided
with competent personnel or facilities for their study
initial distribution of vertical photographs will be made to
headquarters lower than a division only under exceptional
circumstances
210 Corps intelligence officers will send
promptly for distribution to units within the division
sketches or annotated photographs containing information
of value to these units ascertained by a study of the
photographs in the corps intelligence section- Army
intelligence sections will similarly study and annotate
photographs
211 The officer in charge of intelligence with air
units willnormally live at the army or corps aviation field
and make it his business to become parsonally acquainted
with the pilots and observers He is however an integral
part of
the army or corps intelligence section and will
receive his instructions direct from and make his report to
the intelligence officer of the arm^r or corps to which he is
attached
212raquo He will be assisted by three draughtsmen raquo
one clerk and one orderly
83
V
lt gt lt
yenbull 219 The dutispound u25a0fcfie Branch intelligence
Officers with army or corps air viiits are (a) to collect
and sifiall information obtained by the personnel of the
air unilis by bbssivat ioh -and photography (b ) to insure
Ijhat sUch in^biniaiidn reaches
a Convenient form dhd without
all^whom it may concern in
-Z4 i ih-lorriatidn gaihelti t^ a^r units 6pe rat ing
direbiJiy undfeir army lieadqtiarri-ers laquorjl-l chiefly of
(a) Re ports movement s and act iviiiec in u25a0i
bacK apisas
(b) u25a0 Work oh r4ar lines of defense
(c)
(d)
Photographs
phot ographs
bullPhotographs
of rear lines of defense and oblique
of the enemy e front line s ys tem raquo
enemy s artillery posit ionsof iheshy
215 The majority 6f -information under the above
i
the army but care must beheadings willbe required by
taken that copies of all photographs Which rare also of
interest tocorps are for^arded to the corpa concerned dth laquo
as little delay as possible In such cases it is for the
u25a0corps inteliig^KC^ section- to arrange for the supply ampnamp
distribution of the number of copies require4
216 The information required to be obtained by
attached to army corps comprises u25a0 u25a0
Information of the hostile front line system and
thfe 1 enemy 9 t^odps holdingit
laquo bullInfdfmat ion Regarding movements the enemys ccramuttishy
cations and rear organizations -opposite^^ the front ampampltamp
bullflanks of the corps concerned
information regarding the enemys artillery which
can N
or does fire on the area of the corps concerned
84
217 Information under (a) and (c) is always ofI
immediate importance to diviiiregns and brigades 1 in the line
Information under (b) and $c) iiiaddition will often be
of importance to corps on the flanks Observers willbe
interviewed by the Branch Intelligence Officer as soon as
I possible after landing The Branch Intelligence Officer
I will then decide from his knowledge of the situation andI
u25a0
u25a0u25a0u25a0bullu25a0u25a0u25a0 ) u25a0u25a0u25a0
I of the information required by the army or corps what in
I of immediate importance u0084 find wiljsend lit out by the quickshy
est route
be through
which save in exceptional
corps or army headquarters
circumstances will (
In Order constantly to provide observers and pilots
with information as to what is wanted army and corps
intelligence sections will during active operations see
that the Branch Intelligence Officers are kept fully inform
Ed as to what is required as by this means the observers r
can report to best advantage v
218 Information of immediate tactical import anccopy
rhay if the situation warrants
to the troops concerned by the gt
it be
Branch
transmitted
Intelligence
directly
Officer
V
V and the
taken
Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 notified of the
action
219 laquo The Branch Eitellige^ce Officer willcarry
out the instructions
regarding the number
of the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 lt
and distribution of photographs
including advance copies Copies of all photographs willbe
indexed and filed in the office of the Branch Jntelligence
Officer the corps Branch Intelligence Officer will study
and annotate the priority copies 4
importance
220 Artillery intormat ion if of immed iate
should be couraunicaied directly to the Artillery
Information Officer at artillery headquarters y otherwise
it willbe $ent in the normal way through the intelligence
85
opoundsctiont Copies of photographs of import ance from an
Artillery Informat ion Officer a -v-ieiNpBsuraquoi will be for gt ii
T u25a0warded directly to the offiss of the Artiilsry^Biformat ion
Officer concerned as quickly as possible u0084
2poundlraquo it is of the utmost importance that all
information be forwarded at ouce to array or corps head-f
quarters n order that the fullest uss may be made of it
At the same time -intelligence officers with air units must
remember that it is thqir duly to co-ope rat $ Mth and as sis iri eyenBrye yen8ry way -possible the internal organisation of the air
units by providing them with the information necessary to
their ivcopyrk u25a0bull bull
u25a0
u25a0
222 Briefly summarized gt the responsibility of the
Branch Intelligence Offic-er with army airu^ita as regards
the dissemination of information is as foilowai To isend all )u25a0
laquo
information obtained tb the Intelligehee section 6f the
general staff at army 1 headquarters gt excspt -that yhen informshy
ation d^ of immedi^tte tactical importance to army corps he
may forward it direct to the corps and notify army intcopyHi v
gence officer of his action
223 The Braiiah Intelligence Officer with the
corps air units- is similarly respot)sitve for the prompt
transmission of information tocorps intelligence section i
except that nmen inicrmatien is of immediate tactical iiaport
ance to lower taiits he may forwazd it direct to them and
notify the corjjs intelligence officer of his action (u25a0
86
)
bull
i
bull)
224 Branch Ihi^XligeJice Officers with air units
are responsible for keeping the unit commanders posted
with all information that will assist them in carrying on
u25a0their aerial work ~ )
2pound5 Delivery of priority photographs willbe
made to army corps and division dropping groyj(iis by airshy
plane The method by which Information willbe dropped by
liaispri patrols to army corpa and division headquarters
-or wherever it may be required willbe arranged by ihe r
respective intelligence sections of the army corps and
division general staffs
226 It is the duty of the intelligence officers
bull with adjoining air units whether attached to army or corps
headquarters^ to keep one another promptly informed on all
matters that may affect them from whatever source obtained
and to co-operate closely
227 Reports of all airplane reconnaissances will
be made by the Branch Intelligence Officer attached to an
airplane unit A copy ofthe report willbe sent also fo the
Chief of Air Service concerned
228laquo It is important that reports of railtray
activity should state definitely (a) where the trains are
observed (b) time at which observed (c) direction in which
they are going or if stationary Unless this is done one u25a0- s
train reported on subsequent occasions by the same reconshy
naissances may be mistaken for two separate trains
229 When train activity is normal kite balloon
sections detailed for the purpose will send reports three
times dailyor as the occasion may demand to the corps inshy
telligence section Ihen the activity is abnormal throughout the
day more- frequent reports should as muchbe made being summarized^ raquo
as possible Any unusual movements willbe telephoned at once
87
u25a0raquogt
X
to army headquarters and to any corps concerned jhen a
ft train is obsaryed within gim range it should be reported
Si-
at once to the heavy artillery groups concerned
230raquo Balloon observers report all movements seen
by them within) the enemy fs lines including troops trucks
wagons u0084v narrow and standard gauge railroad trains smoke l
hostile airplanes and everything that is of military
importance
telligence
This information is transmitted to the
section of the unit to which the balloon
in
is
attached for duty in addition to being reported to the
artillery u25a0 u25a0bullu25a0u25a0bull
u25a0 bullu25a0 bull
u25a0 231 raquo (When a hostile airplane is brought down within
-S
our 1 lines the corps in whose area it falls will fee rampsponsishy
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0) u25a0
u25a0 gt
ble for safeguard ing it-arid allofshy its contents until it is handed over to agent 3 of the air service through the array
corps to which the unit belongs The machine with all of i
its contents will be turneid overby the army corps to the
air service with the exception only of documents maps and
photographs which together with any prisoners or dead f
bodies willbe taken possession of by the intelligence
) Section for examination u25a0
x u25a0 u25a0 -
be
232 In case of -wounded prisoners it may at
u25a0 bull u25a0u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
necassary for the examination to be carried out by a
time$
corps other than the one in whose area the machine fell u25a0
u25a0u25a0 ishy u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 u25a0u25a0
this case the corps examining will notify the corps into
In
whampse area the machine fSGLI that it is carrying out the
examination so that the prisoners may not be worried by
repeated or unnecesszligary examinations
233 The corps- concerned will immediately notify
gt the nearest air mnit shy
fall of the machine
as well as army headquarters of the
On receiving information the squadron
Ogt
V
y
88
notifies air service headquarters through the proper channels
234 fsfoedi a hostile aviator is captured he will
be examined in detail at army headquarters Since however
it is important that he be examined in technical details
the air service willif they desire _y
send an officer to u25a0h~~l
be present at the examination and therefore should be
notified in advance A preliminary examination may be held
at corps headquarters to obtain identifications and informa
tion on other matters of urgent interest
235 Should one of our own airplanes fall in our
lines tha corp3 willbe responsible as laid down in parashy
graph 231 and the nearest unit will at once inform headshy
quarters army air service mentioning number type and
markings and giving any other information which may
assist in the identification of the machine
89
i
gtu25a0 )
i Chapter X3
RADIO INTELLIGENCE
u25a0 236 -The purpose of the radio intelligence is to obtain
i the fullest advantage of the signal service in the army in reshy
lation to intelligenc e
237 Radio intelligence comprises
(a) Establishing the location and movements of the r enemys field stations intercepting messages and forwarding
them to our troops
(b) Establishing the location and movements of hostile j
amp
airplanes using wireless and spotting for hostile artillery
intercepting their calls identifying the artillery groups with
wfiich they are working and establishing the shelling connectshy ions between them and -the targets in our lines raquou25a0
(c) The interception 1 interpretation and analysis of
the enemy s conversation picked up by our listening sets and
its dissemination to our own troops conce meet
X 235 In carrying out the foregoing the Radio Intelligence
Officer at army headquarters receives the reports and analyzes
the information obtajjied white the technical supervision and i i
maintenance of the equipment rests upon the signal corps
239 In order to assist Radio- Intelligence Officers and
sections in carrying out their work the following dutiea will
be performed by afficora iri the army corps and divisional inshy
telligence sections
r (a) Intorception froci groutod stations t The information
obtained from -the enemy a ground stations ill be transmitted
by Radio Intelligence Officersshy to- corps j^tsXligence seotions
) on daily ge port sheets which will-aid o contain nOtms aa to its
tactical significance and such other information as will be
needed to apply it This will be facilitated by the issue of
jnapa showing the enemys system of map references and co^ordi
90
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
20Sv Copies of photographs taken will foamp issuampd
by the Branch Intelligence Officer or through the army or
corps intelligence sections in accordance with the disshy
tribution list established by the Assistant Chief of Staff
G-2u25a0u25a0 of the army or corps Copies of all photographs
taken by corps aviation willin all cases be sent to the
army intelligence section
u25a0209 Since unintefpreted vertical airplane
amp photographs are of little or no use to unite not provided
with competent personnel or facilities for their study
initial distribution of vertical photographs will be made to
headquarters lower than a division only under exceptional
circumstances
210 Corps intelligence officers will send
promptly for distribution to units within the division
sketches or annotated photographs containing information
of value to these units ascertained by a study of the
photographs in the corps intelligence section- Army
intelligence sections will similarly study and annotate
photographs
211 The officer in charge of intelligence with air
units willnormally live at the army or corps aviation field
and make it his business to become parsonally acquainted
with the pilots and observers He is however an integral
part of
the army or corps intelligence section and will
receive his instructions direct from and make his report to
the intelligence officer of the arm^r or corps to which he is
attached
212raquo He will be assisted by three draughtsmen raquo
one clerk and one orderly
83
V
lt gt lt
yenbull 219 The dutispound u25a0fcfie Branch intelligence
Officers with army or corps air viiits are (a) to collect
and sifiall information obtained by the personnel of the
air unilis by bbssivat ioh -and photography (b ) to insure
Ijhat sUch in^biniaiidn reaches
a Convenient form dhd without
all^whom it may concern in
-Z4 i ih-lorriatidn gaihelti t^ a^r units 6pe rat ing
direbiJiy undfeir army lieadqtiarri-ers laquorjl-l chiefly of
(a) Re ports movement s and act iviiiec in u25a0i
bacK apisas
(b) u25a0 Work oh r4ar lines of defense
(c)
(d)
Photographs
phot ographs
bullPhotographs
of rear lines of defense and oblique
of the enemy e front line s ys tem raquo
enemy s artillery posit ionsof iheshy
215 The majority 6f -information under the above
i
the army but care must beheadings willbe required by
taken that copies of all photographs Which rare also of
interest tocorps are for^arded to the corpa concerned dth laquo
as little delay as possible In such cases it is for the
u25a0corps inteliig^KC^ section- to arrange for the supply ampnamp
distribution of the number of copies require4
216 The information required to be obtained by
attached to army corps comprises u25a0 u25a0
Information of the hostile front line system and
thfe 1 enemy 9 t^odps holdingit
laquo bullInfdfmat ion Regarding movements the enemys ccramuttishy
cations and rear organizations -opposite^^ the front ampampltamp
bullflanks of the corps concerned
information regarding the enemys artillery which
can N
or does fire on the area of the corps concerned
84
217 Information under (a) and (c) is always ofI
immediate importance to diviiiregns and brigades 1 in the line
Information under (b) and $c) iiiaddition will often be
of importance to corps on the flanks Observers willbe
interviewed by the Branch Intelligence Officer as soon as
I possible after landing The Branch Intelligence Officer
I will then decide from his knowledge of the situation andI
u25a0
u25a0u25a0u25a0bullu25a0u25a0u25a0 ) u25a0u25a0u25a0
I of the information required by the army or corps what in
I of immediate importance u0084 find wiljsend lit out by the quickshy
est route
be through
which save in exceptional
corps or army headquarters
circumstances will (
In Order constantly to provide observers and pilots
with information as to what is wanted army and corps
intelligence sections will during active operations see
that the Branch Intelligence Officers are kept fully inform
Ed as to what is required as by this means the observers r
can report to best advantage v
218 Information of immediate tactical import anccopy
rhay if the situation warrants
to the troops concerned by the gt
it be
Branch
transmitted
Intelligence
directly
Officer
V
V and the
taken
Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 notified of the
action
219 laquo The Branch Eitellige^ce Officer willcarry
out the instructions
regarding the number
of the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 lt
and distribution of photographs
including advance copies Copies of all photographs willbe
indexed and filed in the office of the Branch Jntelligence
Officer the corps Branch Intelligence Officer will study
and annotate the priority copies 4
importance
220 Artillery intormat ion if of immed iate
should be couraunicaied directly to the Artillery
Information Officer at artillery headquarters y otherwise
it willbe $ent in the normal way through the intelligence
85
opoundsctiont Copies of photographs of import ance from an
Artillery Informat ion Officer a -v-ieiNpBsuraquoi will be for gt ii
T u25a0warded directly to the offiss of the Artiilsry^Biformat ion
Officer concerned as quickly as possible u0084
2poundlraquo it is of the utmost importance that all
information be forwarded at ouce to array or corps head-f
quarters n order that the fullest uss may be made of it
At the same time -intelligence officers with air units must
remember that it is thqir duly to co-ope rat $ Mth and as sis iri eyenBrye yen8ry way -possible the internal organisation of the air
units by providing them with the information necessary to
their ivcopyrk u25a0bull bull
u25a0
u25a0
222 Briefly summarized gt the responsibility of the
Branch Intelligence Offic-er with army airu^ita as regards
the dissemination of information is as foilowai To isend all )u25a0
laquo
information obtained tb the Intelligehee section 6f the
general staff at army 1 headquarters gt excspt -that yhen informshy
ation d^ of immedi^tte tactical importance to army corps he
may forward it direct to the corps and notify army intcopyHi v
gence officer of his action
223 The Braiiah Intelligence Officer with the
corps air units- is similarly respot)sitve for the prompt
transmission of information tocorps intelligence section i
except that nmen inicrmatien is of immediate tactical iiaport
ance to lower taiits he may forwazd it direct to them and
notify the corjjs intelligence officer of his action (u25a0
86
)
bull
i
bull)
224 Branch Ihi^XligeJice Officers with air units
are responsible for keeping the unit commanders posted
with all information that will assist them in carrying on
u25a0their aerial work ~ )
2pound5 Delivery of priority photographs willbe
made to army corps and division dropping groyj(iis by airshy
plane The method by which Information willbe dropped by
liaispri patrols to army corpa and division headquarters
-or wherever it may be required willbe arranged by ihe r
respective intelligence sections of the army corps and
division general staffs
226 It is the duty of the intelligence officers
bull with adjoining air units whether attached to army or corps
headquarters^ to keep one another promptly informed on all
matters that may affect them from whatever source obtained
and to co-operate closely
227 Reports of all airplane reconnaissances will
be made by the Branch Intelligence Officer attached to an
airplane unit A copy ofthe report willbe sent also fo the
Chief of Air Service concerned
228laquo It is important that reports of railtray
activity should state definitely (a) where the trains are
observed (b) time at which observed (c) direction in which
they are going or if stationary Unless this is done one u25a0- s
train reported on subsequent occasions by the same reconshy
naissances may be mistaken for two separate trains
229 When train activity is normal kite balloon
sections detailed for the purpose will send reports three
times dailyor as the occasion may demand to the corps inshy
telligence section Ihen the activity is abnormal throughout the
day more- frequent reports should as muchbe made being summarized^ raquo
as possible Any unusual movements willbe telephoned at once
87
u25a0raquogt
X
to army headquarters and to any corps concerned jhen a
ft train is obsaryed within gim range it should be reported
Si-
at once to the heavy artillery groups concerned
230raquo Balloon observers report all movements seen
by them within) the enemy fs lines including troops trucks
wagons u0084v narrow and standard gauge railroad trains smoke l
hostile airplanes and everything that is of military
importance
telligence
This information is transmitted to the
section of the unit to which the balloon
in
is
attached for duty in addition to being reported to the
artillery u25a0 u25a0bullu25a0u25a0bull
u25a0 bullu25a0 bull
u25a0 231 raquo (When a hostile airplane is brought down within
-S
our 1 lines the corps in whose area it falls will fee rampsponsishy
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0) u25a0
u25a0 gt
ble for safeguard ing it-arid allofshy its contents until it is handed over to agent 3 of the air service through the array
corps to which the unit belongs The machine with all of i
its contents will be turneid overby the army corps to the
air service with the exception only of documents maps and
photographs which together with any prisoners or dead f
bodies willbe taken possession of by the intelligence
) Section for examination u25a0
x u25a0 u25a0 -
be
232 In case of -wounded prisoners it may at
u25a0 bull u25a0u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
necassary for the examination to be carried out by a
time$
corps other than the one in whose area the machine fell u25a0
u25a0u25a0 ishy u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 u25a0u25a0
this case the corps examining will notify the corps into
In
whampse area the machine fSGLI that it is carrying out the
examination so that the prisoners may not be worried by
repeated or unnecesszligary examinations
233 The corps- concerned will immediately notify
gt the nearest air mnit shy
fall of the machine
as well as army headquarters of the
On receiving information the squadron
Ogt
V
y
88
notifies air service headquarters through the proper channels
234 fsfoedi a hostile aviator is captured he will
be examined in detail at army headquarters Since however
it is important that he be examined in technical details
the air service willif they desire _y
send an officer to u25a0h~~l
be present at the examination and therefore should be
notified in advance A preliminary examination may be held
at corps headquarters to obtain identifications and informa
tion on other matters of urgent interest
235 Should one of our own airplanes fall in our
lines tha corp3 willbe responsible as laid down in parashy
graph 231 and the nearest unit will at once inform headshy
quarters army air service mentioning number type and
markings and giving any other information which may
assist in the identification of the machine
89
i
gtu25a0 )
i Chapter X3
RADIO INTELLIGENCE
u25a0 236 -The purpose of the radio intelligence is to obtain
i the fullest advantage of the signal service in the army in reshy
lation to intelligenc e
237 Radio intelligence comprises
(a) Establishing the location and movements of the r enemys field stations intercepting messages and forwarding
them to our troops
(b) Establishing the location and movements of hostile j
amp
airplanes using wireless and spotting for hostile artillery
intercepting their calls identifying the artillery groups with
wfiich they are working and establishing the shelling connectshy ions between them and -the targets in our lines raquou25a0
(c) The interception 1 interpretation and analysis of
the enemy s conversation picked up by our listening sets and
its dissemination to our own troops conce meet
X 235 In carrying out the foregoing the Radio Intelligence
Officer at army headquarters receives the reports and analyzes
the information obtajjied white the technical supervision and i i
maintenance of the equipment rests upon the signal corps
239 In order to assist Radio- Intelligence Officers and
sections in carrying out their work the following dutiea will
be performed by afficora iri the army corps and divisional inshy
telligence sections
r (a) Intorception froci groutod stations t The information
obtained from -the enemy a ground stations ill be transmitted
by Radio Intelligence Officersshy to- corps j^tsXligence seotions
) on daily ge port sheets which will-aid o contain nOtms aa to its
tactical significance and such other information as will be
needed to apply it This will be facilitated by the issue of
jnapa showing the enemys system of map references and co^ordi
90
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
V
lt gt lt
yenbull 219 The dutispound u25a0fcfie Branch intelligence
Officers with army or corps air viiits are (a) to collect
and sifiall information obtained by the personnel of the
air unilis by bbssivat ioh -and photography (b ) to insure
Ijhat sUch in^biniaiidn reaches
a Convenient form dhd without
all^whom it may concern in
-Z4 i ih-lorriatidn gaihelti t^ a^r units 6pe rat ing
direbiJiy undfeir army lieadqtiarri-ers laquorjl-l chiefly of
(a) Re ports movement s and act iviiiec in u25a0i
bacK apisas
(b) u25a0 Work oh r4ar lines of defense
(c)
(d)
Photographs
phot ographs
bullPhotographs
of rear lines of defense and oblique
of the enemy e front line s ys tem raquo
enemy s artillery posit ionsof iheshy
215 The majority 6f -information under the above
i
the army but care must beheadings willbe required by
taken that copies of all photographs Which rare also of
interest tocorps are for^arded to the corpa concerned dth laquo
as little delay as possible In such cases it is for the
u25a0corps inteliig^KC^ section- to arrange for the supply ampnamp
distribution of the number of copies require4
216 The information required to be obtained by
attached to army corps comprises u25a0 u25a0
Information of the hostile front line system and
thfe 1 enemy 9 t^odps holdingit
laquo bullInfdfmat ion Regarding movements the enemys ccramuttishy
cations and rear organizations -opposite^^ the front ampampltamp
bullflanks of the corps concerned
information regarding the enemys artillery which
can N
or does fire on the area of the corps concerned
84
217 Information under (a) and (c) is always ofI
immediate importance to diviiiregns and brigades 1 in the line
Information under (b) and $c) iiiaddition will often be
of importance to corps on the flanks Observers willbe
interviewed by the Branch Intelligence Officer as soon as
I possible after landing The Branch Intelligence Officer
I will then decide from his knowledge of the situation andI
u25a0
u25a0u25a0u25a0bullu25a0u25a0u25a0 ) u25a0u25a0u25a0
I of the information required by the army or corps what in
I of immediate importance u0084 find wiljsend lit out by the quickshy
est route
be through
which save in exceptional
corps or army headquarters
circumstances will (
In Order constantly to provide observers and pilots
with information as to what is wanted army and corps
intelligence sections will during active operations see
that the Branch Intelligence Officers are kept fully inform
Ed as to what is required as by this means the observers r
can report to best advantage v
218 Information of immediate tactical import anccopy
rhay if the situation warrants
to the troops concerned by the gt
it be
Branch
transmitted
Intelligence
directly
Officer
V
V and the
taken
Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 notified of the
action
219 laquo The Branch Eitellige^ce Officer willcarry
out the instructions
regarding the number
of the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 lt
and distribution of photographs
including advance copies Copies of all photographs willbe
indexed and filed in the office of the Branch Jntelligence
Officer the corps Branch Intelligence Officer will study
and annotate the priority copies 4
importance
220 Artillery intormat ion if of immed iate
should be couraunicaied directly to the Artillery
Information Officer at artillery headquarters y otherwise
it willbe $ent in the normal way through the intelligence
85
opoundsctiont Copies of photographs of import ance from an
Artillery Informat ion Officer a -v-ieiNpBsuraquoi will be for gt ii
T u25a0warded directly to the offiss of the Artiilsry^Biformat ion
Officer concerned as quickly as possible u0084
2poundlraquo it is of the utmost importance that all
information be forwarded at ouce to array or corps head-f
quarters n order that the fullest uss may be made of it
At the same time -intelligence officers with air units must
remember that it is thqir duly to co-ope rat $ Mth and as sis iri eyenBrye yen8ry way -possible the internal organisation of the air
units by providing them with the information necessary to
their ivcopyrk u25a0bull bull
u25a0
u25a0
222 Briefly summarized gt the responsibility of the
Branch Intelligence Offic-er with army airu^ita as regards
the dissemination of information is as foilowai To isend all )u25a0
laquo
information obtained tb the Intelligehee section 6f the
general staff at army 1 headquarters gt excspt -that yhen informshy
ation d^ of immedi^tte tactical importance to army corps he
may forward it direct to the corps and notify army intcopyHi v
gence officer of his action
223 The Braiiah Intelligence Officer with the
corps air units- is similarly respot)sitve for the prompt
transmission of information tocorps intelligence section i
except that nmen inicrmatien is of immediate tactical iiaport
ance to lower taiits he may forwazd it direct to them and
notify the corjjs intelligence officer of his action (u25a0
86
)
bull
i
bull)
224 Branch Ihi^XligeJice Officers with air units
are responsible for keeping the unit commanders posted
with all information that will assist them in carrying on
u25a0their aerial work ~ )
2pound5 Delivery of priority photographs willbe
made to army corps and division dropping groyj(iis by airshy
plane The method by which Information willbe dropped by
liaispri patrols to army corpa and division headquarters
-or wherever it may be required willbe arranged by ihe r
respective intelligence sections of the army corps and
division general staffs
226 It is the duty of the intelligence officers
bull with adjoining air units whether attached to army or corps
headquarters^ to keep one another promptly informed on all
matters that may affect them from whatever source obtained
and to co-operate closely
227 Reports of all airplane reconnaissances will
be made by the Branch Intelligence Officer attached to an
airplane unit A copy ofthe report willbe sent also fo the
Chief of Air Service concerned
228laquo It is important that reports of railtray
activity should state definitely (a) where the trains are
observed (b) time at which observed (c) direction in which
they are going or if stationary Unless this is done one u25a0- s
train reported on subsequent occasions by the same reconshy
naissances may be mistaken for two separate trains
229 When train activity is normal kite balloon
sections detailed for the purpose will send reports three
times dailyor as the occasion may demand to the corps inshy
telligence section Ihen the activity is abnormal throughout the
day more- frequent reports should as muchbe made being summarized^ raquo
as possible Any unusual movements willbe telephoned at once
87
u25a0raquogt
X
to army headquarters and to any corps concerned jhen a
ft train is obsaryed within gim range it should be reported
Si-
at once to the heavy artillery groups concerned
230raquo Balloon observers report all movements seen
by them within) the enemy fs lines including troops trucks
wagons u0084v narrow and standard gauge railroad trains smoke l
hostile airplanes and everything that is of military
importance
telligence
This information is transmitted to the
section of the unit to which the balloon
in
is
attached for duty in addition to being reported to the
artillery u25a0 u25a0bullu25a0u25a0bull
u25a0 bullu25a0 bull
u25a0 231 raquo (When a hostile airplane is brought down within
-S
our 1 lines the corps in whose area it falls will fee rampsponsishy
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0) u25a0
u25a0 gt
ble for safeguard ing it-arid allofshy its contents until it is handed over to agent 3 of the air service through the array
corps to which the unit belongs The machine with all of i
its contents will be turneid overby the army corps to the
air service with the exception only of documents maps and
photographs which together with any prisoners or dead f
bodies willbe taken possession of by the intelligence
) Section for examination u25a0
x u25a0 u25a0 -
be
232 In case of -wounded prisoners it may at
u25a0 bull u25a0u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
necassary for the examination to be carried out by a
time$
corps other than the one in whose area the machine fell u25a0
u25a0u25a0 ishy u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 u25a0u25a0
this case the corps examining will notify the corps into
In
whampse area the machine fSGLI that it is carrying out the
examination so that the prisoners may not be worried by
repeated or unnecesszligary examinations
233 The corps- concerned will immediately notify
gt the nearest air mnit shy
fall of the machine
as well as army headquarters of the
On receiving information the squadron
Ogt
V
y
88
notifies air service headquarters through the proper channels
234 fsfoedi a hostile aviator is captured he will
be examined in detail at army headquarters Since however
it is important that he be examined in technical details
the air service willif they desire _y
send an officer to u25a0h~~l
be present at the examination and therefore should be
notified in advance A preliminary examination may be held
at corps headquarters to obtain identifications and informa
tion on other matters of urgent interest
235 Should one of our own airplanes fall in our
lines tha corp3 willbe responsible as laid down in parashy
graph 231 and the nearest unit will at once inform headshy
quarters army air service mentioning number type and
markings and giving any other information which may
assist in the identification of the machine
89
i
gtu25a0 )
i Chapter X3
RADIO INTELLIGENCE
u25a0 236 -The purpose of the radio intelligence is to obtain
i the fullest advantage of the signal service in the army in reshy
lation to intelligenc e
237 Radio intelligence comprises
(a) Establishing the location and movements of the r enemys field stations intercepting messages and forwarding
them to our troops
(b) Establishing the location and movements of hostile j
amp
airplanes using wireless and spotting for hostile artillery
intercepting their calls identifying the artillery groups with
wfiich they are working and establishing the shelling connectshy ions between them and -the targets in our lines raquou25a0
(c) The interception 1 interpretation and analysis of
the enemy s conversation picked up by our listening sets and
its dissemination to our own troops conce meet
X 235 In carrying out the foregoing the Radio Intelligence
Officer at army headquarters receives the reports and analyzes
the information obtajjied white the technical supervision and i i
maintenance of the equipment rests upon the signal corps
239 In order to assist Radio- Intelligence Officers and
sections in carrying out their work the following dutiea will
be performed by afficora iri the army corps and divisional inshy
telligence sections
r (a) Intorception froci groutod stations t The information
obtained from -the enemy a ground stations ill be transmitted
by Radio Intelligence Officersshy to- corps j^tsXligence seotions
) on daily ge port sheets which will-aid o contain nOtms aa to its
tactical significance and such other information as will be
needed to apply it This will be facilitated by the issue of
jnapa showing the enemys system of map references and co^ordi
90
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
217 Information under (a) and (c) is always ofI
immediate importance to diviiiregns and brigades 1 in the line
Information under (b) and $c) iiiaddition will often be
of importance to corps on the flanks Observers willbe
interviewed by the Branch Intelligence Officer as soon as
I possible after landing The Branch Intelligence Officer
I will then decide from his knowledge of the situation andI
u25a0
u25a0u25a0u25a0bullu25a0u25a0u25a0 ) u25a0u25a0u25a0
I of the information required by the army or corps what in
I of immediate importance u0084 find wiljsend lit out by the quickshy
est route
be through
which save in exceptional
corps or army headquarters
circumstances will (
In Order constantly to provide observers and pilots
with information as to what is wanted army and corps
intelligence sections will during active operations see
that the Branch Intelligence Officers are kept fully inform
Ed as to what is required as by this means the observers r
can report to best advantage v
218 Information of immediate tactical import anccopy
rhay if the situation warrants
to the troops concerned by the gt
it be
Branch
transmitted
Intelligence
directly
Officer
V
V and the
taken
Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 notified of the
action
219 laquo The Branch Eitellige^ce Officer willcarry
out the instructions
regarding the number
of the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 lt
and distribution of photographs
including advance copies Copies of all photographs willbe
indexed and filed in the office of the Branch Jntelligence
Officer the corps Branch Intelligence Officer will study
and annotate the priority copies 4
importance
220 Artillery intormat ion if of immed iate
should be couraunicaied directly to the Artillery
Information Officer at artillery headquarters y otherwise
it willbe $ent in the normal way through the intelligence
85
opoundsctiont Copies of photographs of import ance from an
Artillery Informat ion Officer a -v-ieiNpBsuraquoi will be for gt ii
T u25a0warded directly to the offiss of the Artiilsry^Biformat ion
Officer concerned as quickly as possible u0084
2poundlraquo it is of the utmost importance that all
information be forwarded at ouce to array or corps head-f
quarters n order that the fullest uss may be made of it
At the same time -intelligence officers with air units must
remember that it is thqir duly to co-ope rat $ Mth and as sis iri eyenBrye yen8ry way -possible the internal organisation of the air
units by providing them with the information necessary to
their ivcopyrk u25a0bull bull
u25a0
u25a0
222 Briefly summarized gt the responsibility of the
Branch Intelligence Offic-er with army airu^ita as regards
the dissemination of information is as foilowai To isend all )u25a0
laquo
information obtained tb the Intelligehee section 6f the
general staff at army 1 headquarters gt excspt -that yhen informshy
ation d^ of immedi^tte tactical importance to army corps he
may forward it direct to the corps and notify army intcopyHi v
gence officer of his action
223 The Braiiah Intelligence Officer with the
corps air units- is similarly respot)sitve for the prompt
transmission of information tocorps intelligence section i
except that nmen inicrmatien is of immediate tactical iiaport
ance to lower taiits he may forwazd it direct to them and
notify the corjjs intelligence officer of his action (u25a0
86
)
bull
i
bull)
224 Branch Ihi^XligeJice Officers with air units
are responsible for keeping the unit commanders posted
with all information that will assist them in carrying on
u25a0their aerial work ~ )
2pound5 Delivery of priority photographs willbe
made to army corps and division dropping groyj(iis by airshy
plane The method by which Information willbe dropped by
liaispri patrols to army corpa and division headquarters
-or wherever it may be required willbe arranged by ihe r
respective intelligence sections of the army corps and
division general staffs
226 It is the duty of the intelligence officers
bull with adjoining air units whether attached to army or corps
headquarters^ to keep one another promptly informed on all
matters that may affect them from whatever source obtained
and to co-operate closely
227 Reports of all airplane reconnaissances will
be made by the Branch Intelligence Officer attached to an
airplane unit A copy ofthe report willbe sent also fo the
Chief of Air Service concerned
228laquo It is important that reports of railtray
activity should state definitely (a) where the trains are
observed (b) time at which observed (c) direction in which
they are going or if stationary Unless this is done one u25a0- s
train reported on subsequent occasions by the same reconshy
naissances may be mistaken for two separate trains
229 When train activity is normal kite balloon
sections detailed for the purpose will send reports three
times dailyor as the occasion may demand to the corps inshy
telligence section Ihen the activity is abnormal throughout the
day more- frequent reports should as muchbe made being summarized^ raquo
as possible Any unusual movements willbe telephoned at once
87
u25a0raquogt
X
to army headquarters and to any corps concerned jhen a
ft train is obsaryed within gim range it should be reported
Si-
at once to the heavy artillery groups concerned
230raquo Balloon observers report all movements seen
by them within) the enemy fs lines including troops trucks
wagons u0084v narrow and standard gauge railroad trains smoke l
hostile airplanes and everything that is of military
importance
telligence
This information is transmitted to the
section of the unit to which the balloon
in
is
attached for duty in addition to being reported to the
artillery u25a0 u25a0bullu25a0u25a0bull
u25a0 bullu25a0 bull
u25a0 231 raquo (When a hostile airplane is brought down within
-S
our 1 lines the corps in whose area it falls will fee rampsponsishy
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0) u25a0
u25a0 gt
ble for safeguard ing it-arid allofshy its contents until it is handed over to agent 3 of the air service through the array
corps to which the unit belongs The machine with all of i
its contents will be turneid overby the army corps to the
air service with the exception only of documents maps and
photographs which together with any prisoners or dead f
bodies willbe taken possession of by the intelligence
) Section for examination u25a0
x u25a0 u25a0 -
be
232 In case of -wounded prisoners it may at
u25a0 bull u25a0u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
necassary for the examination to be carried out by a
time$
corps other than the one in whose area the machine fell u25a0
u25a0u25a0 ishy u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 u25a0u25a0
this case the corps examining will notify the corps into
In
whampse area the machine fSGLI that it is carrying out the
examination so that the prisoners may not be worried by
repeated or unnecesszligary examinations
233 The corps- concerned will immediately notify
gt the nearest air mnit shy
fall of the machine
as well as army headquarters of the
On receiving information the squadron
Ogt
V
y
88
notifies air service headquarters through the proper channels
234 fsfoedi a hostile aviator is captured he will
be examined in detail at army headquarters Since however
it is important that he be examined in technical details
the air service willif they desire _y
send an officer to u25a0h~~l
be present at the examination and therefore should be
notified in advance A preliminary examination may be held
at corps headquarters to obtain identifications and informa
tion on other matters of urgent interest
235 Should one of our own airplanes fall in our
lines tha corp3 willbe responsible as laid down in parashy
graph 231 and the nearest unit will at once inform headshy
quarters army air service mentioning number type and
markings and giving any other information which may
assist in the identification of the machine
89
i
gtu25a0 )
i Chapter X3
RADIO INTELLIGENCE
u25a0 236 -The purpose of the radio intelligence is to obtain
i the fullest advantage of the signal service in the army in reshy
lation to intelligenc e
237 Radio intelligence comprises
(a) Establishing the location and movements of the r enemys field stations intercepting messages and forwarding
them to our troops
(b) Establishing the location and movements of hostile j
amp
airplanes using wireless and spotting for hostile artillery
intercepting their calls identifying the artillery groups with
wfiich they are working and establishing the shelling connectshy ions between them and -the targets in our lines raquou25a0
(c) The interception 1 interpretation and analysis of
the enemy s conversation picked up by our listening sets and
its dissemination to our own troops conce meet
X 235 In carrying out the foregoing the Radio Intelligence
Officer at army headquarters receives the reports and analyzes
the information obtajjied white the technical supervision and i i
maintenance of the equipment rests upon the signal corps
239 In order to assist Radio- Intelligence Officers and
sections in carrying out their work the following dutiea will
be performed by afficora iri the army corps and divisional inshy
telligence sections
r (a) Intorception froci groutod stations t The information
obtained from -the enemy a ground stations ill be transmitted
by Radio Intelligence Officersshy to- corps j^tsXligence seotions
) on daily ge port sheets which will-aid o contain nOtms aa to its
tactical significance and such other information as will be
needed to apply it This will be facilitated by the issue of
jnapa showing the enemys system of map references and co^ordi
90
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
opoundsctiont Copies of photographs of import ance from an
Artillery Informat ion Officer a -v-ieiNpBsuraquoi will be for gt ii
T u25a0warded directly to the offiss of the Artiilsry^Biformat ion
Officer concerned as quickly as possible u0084
2poundlraquo it is of the utmost importance that all
information be forwarded at ouce to array or corps head-f
quarters n order that the fullest uss may be made of it
At the same time -intelligence officers with air units must
remember that it is thqir duly to co-ope rat $ Mth and as sis iri eyenBrye yen8ry way -possible the internal organisation of the air
units by providing them with the information necessary to
their ivcopyrk u25a0bull bull
u25a0
u25a0
222 Briefly summarized gt the responsibility of the
Branch Intelligence Offic-er with army airu^ita as regards
the dissemination of information is as foilowai To isend all )u25a0
laquo
information obtained tb the Intelligehee section 6f the
general staff at army 1 headquarters gt excspt -that yhen informshy
ation d^ of immedi^tte tactical importance to army corps he
may forward it direct to the corps and notify army intcopyHi v
gence officer of his action
223 The Braiiah Intelligence Officer with the
corps air units- is similarly respot)sitve for the prompt
transmission of information tocorps intelligence section i
except that nmen inicrmatien is of immediate tactical iiaport
ance to lower taiits he may forwazd it direct to them and
notify the corjjs intelligence officer of his action (u25a0
86
)
bull
i
bull)
224 Branch Ihi^XligeJice Officers with air units
are responsible for keeping the unit commanders posted
with all information that will assist them in carrying on
u25a0their aerial work ~ )
2pound5 Delivery of priority photographs willbe
made to army corps and division dropping groyj(iis by airshy
plane The method by which Information willbe dropped by
liaispri patrols to army corpa and division headquarters
-or wherever it may be required willbe arranged by ihe r
respective intelligence sections of the army corps and
division general staffs
226 It is the duty of the intelligence officers
bull with adjoining air units whether attached to army or corps
headquarters^ to keep one another promptly informed on all
matters that may affect them from whatever source obtained
and to co-operate closely
227 Reports of all airplane reconnaissances will
be made by the Branch Intelligence Officer attached to an
airplane unit A copy ofthe report willbe sent also fo the
Chief of Air Service concerned
228laquo It is important that reports of railtray
activity should state definitely (a) where the trains are
observed (b) time at which observed (c) direction in which
they are going or if stationary Unless this is done one u25a0- s
train reported on subsequent occasions by the same reconshy
naissances may be mistaken for two separate trains
229 When train activity is normal kite balloon
sections detailed for the purpose will send reports three
times dailyor as the occasion may demand to the corps inshy
telligence section Ihen the activity is abnormal throughout the
day more- frequent reports should as muchbe made being summarized^ raquo
as possible Any unusual movements willbe telephoned at once
87
u25a0raquogt
X
to army headquarters and to any corps concerned jhen a
ft train is obsaryed within gim range it should be reported
Si-
at once to the heavy artillery groups concerned
230raquo Balloon observers report all movements seen
by them within) the enemy fs lines including troops trucks
wagons u0084v narrow and standard gauge railroad trains smoke l
hostile airplanes and everything that is of military
importance
telligence
This information is transmitted to the
section of the unit to which the balloon
in
is
attached for duty in addition to being reported to the
artillery u25a0 u25a0bullu25a0u25a0bull
u25a0 bullu25a0 bull
u25a0 231 raquo (When a hostile airplane is brought down within
-S
our 1 lines the corps in whose area it falls will fee rampsponsishy
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0) u25a0
u25a0 gt
ble for safeguard ing it-arid allofshy its contents until it is handed over to agent 3 of the air service through the array
corps to which the unit belongs The machine with all of i
its contents will be turneid overby the army corps to the
air service with the exception only of documents maps and
photographs which together with any prisoners or dead f
bodies willbe taken possession of by the intelligence
) Section for examination u25a0
x u25a0 u25a0 -
be
232 In case of -wounded prisoners it may at
u25a0 bull u25a0u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
necassary for the examination to be carried out by a
time$
corps other than the one in whose area the machine fell u25a0
u25a0u25a0 ishy u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 u25a0u25a0
this case the corps examining will notify the corps into
In
whampse area the machine fSGLI that it is carrying out the
examination so that the prisoners may not be worried by
repeated or unnecesszligary examinations
233 The corps- concerned will immediately notify
gt the nearest air mnit shy
fall of the machine
as well as army headquarters of the
On receiving information the squadron
Ogt
V
y
88
notifies air service headquarters through the proper channels
234 fsfoedi a hostile aviator is captured he will
be examined in detail at army headquarters Since however
it is important that he be examined in technical details
the air service willif they desire _y
send an officer to u25a0h~~l
be present at the examination and therefore should be
notified in advance A preliminary examination may be held
at corps headquarters to obtain identifications and informa
tion on other matters of urgent interest
235 Should one of our own airplanes fall in our
lines tha corp3 willbe responsible as laid down in parashy
graph 231 and the nearest unit will at once inform headshy
quarters army air service mentioning number type and
markings and giving any other information which may
assist in the identification of the machine
89
i
gtu25a0 )
i Chapter X3
RADIO INTELLIGENCE
u25a0 236 -The purpose of the radio intelligence is to obtain
i the fullest advantage of the signal service in the army in reshy
lation to intelligenc e
237 Radio intelligence comprises
(a) Establishing the location and movements of the r enemys field stations intercepting messages and forwarding
them to our troops
(b) Establishing the location and movements of hostile j
amp
airplanes using wireless and spotting for hostile artillery
intercepting their calls identifying the artillery groups with
wfiich they are working and establishing the shelling connectshy ions between them and -the targets in our lines raquou25a0
(c) The interception 1 interpretation and analysis of
the enemy s conversation picked up by our listening sets and
its dissemination to our own troops conce meet
X 235 In carrying out the foregoing the Radio Intelligence
Officer at army headquarters receives the reports and analyzes
the information obtajjied white the technical supervision and i i
maintenance of the equipment rests upon the signal corps
239 In order to assist Radio- Intelligence Officers and
sections in carrying out their work the following dutiea will
be performed by afficora iri the army corps and divisional inshy
telligence sections
r (a) Intorception froci groutod stations t The information
obtained from -the enemy a ground stations ill be transmitted
by Radio Intelligence Officersshy to- corps j^tsXligence seotions
) on daily ge port sheets which will-aid o contain nOtms aa to its
tactical significance and such other information as will be
needed to apply it This will be facilitated by the issue of
jnapa showing the enemys system of map references and co^ordi
90
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
224 Branch Ihi^XligeJice Officers with air units
are responsible for keeping the unit commanders posted
with all information that will assist them in carrying on
u25a0their aerial work ~ )
2pound5 Delivery of priority photographs willbe
made to army corps and division dropping groyj(iis by airshy
plane The method by which Information willbe dropped by
liaispri patrols to army corpa and division headquarters
-or wherever it may be required willbe arranged by ihe r
respective intelligence sections of the army corps and
division general staffs
226 It is the duty of the intelligence officers
bull with adjoining air units whether attached to army or corps
headquarters^ to keep one another promptly informed on all
matters that may affect them from whatever source obtained
and to co-operate closely
227 Reports of all airplane reconnaissances will
be made by the Branch Intelligence Officer attached to an
airplane unit A copy ofthe report willbe sent also fo the
Chief of Air Service concerned
228laquo It is important that reports of railtray
activity should state definitely (a) where the trains are
observed (b) time at which observed (c) direction in which
they are going or if stationary Unless this is done one u25a0- s
train reported on subsequent occasions by the same reconshy
naissances may be mistaken for two separate trains
229 When train activity is normal kite balloon
sections detailed for the purpose will send reports three
times dailyor as the occasion may demand to the corps inshy
telligence section Ihen the activity is abnormal throughout the
day more- frequent reports should as muchbe made being summarized^ raquo
as possible Any unusual movements willbe telephoned at once
87
u25a0raquogt
X
to army headquarters and to any corps concerned jhen a
ft train is obsaryed within gim range it should be reported
Si-
at once to the heavy artillery groups concerned
230raquo Balloon observers report all movements seen
by them within) the enemy fs lines including troops trucks
wagons u0084v narrow and standard gauge railroad trains smoke l
hostile airplanes and everything that is of military
importance
telligence
This information is transmitted to the
section of the unit to which the balloon
in
is
attached for duty in addition to being reported to the
artillery u25a0 u25a0bullu25a0u25a0bull
u25a0 bullu25a0 bull
u25a0 231 raquo (When a hostile airplane is brought down within
-S
our 1 lines the corps in whose area it falls will fee rampsponsishy
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0) u25a0
u25a0 gt
ble for safeguard ing it-arid allofshy its contents until it is handed over to agent 3 of the air service through the array
corps to which the unit belongs The machine with all of i
its contents will be turneid overby the army corps to the
air service with the exception only of documents maps and
photographs which together with any prisoners or dead f
bodies willbe taken possession of by the intelligence
) Section for examination u25a0
x u25a0 u25a0 -
be
232 In case of -wounded prisoners it may at
u25a0 bull u25a0u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
necassary for the examination to be carried out by a
time$
corps other than the one in whose area the machine fell u25a0
u25a0u25a0 ishy u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 u25a0u25a0
this case the corps examining will notify the corps into
In
whampse area the machine fSGLI that it is carrying out the
examination so that the prisoners may not be worried by
repeated or unnecesszligary examinations
233 The corps- concerned will immediately notify
gt the nearest air mnit shy
fall of the machine
as well as army headquarters of the
On receiving information the squadron
Ogt
V
y
88
notifies air service headquarters through the proper channels
234 fsfoedi a hostile aviator is captured he will
be examined in detail at army headquarters Since however
it is important that he be examined in technical details
the air service willif they desire _y
send an officer to u25a0h~~l
be present at the examination and therefore should be
notified in advance A preliminary examination may be held
at corps headquarters to obtain identifications and informa
tion on other matters of urgent interest
235 Should one of our own airplanes fall in our
lines tha corp3 willbe responsible as laid down in parashy
graph 231 and the nearest unit will at once inform headshy
quarters army air service mentioning number type and
markings and giving any other information which may
assist in the identification of the machine
89
i
gtu25a0 )
i Chapter X3
RADIO INTELLIGENCE
u25a0 236 -The purpose of the radio intelligence is to obtain
i the fullest advantage of the signal service in the army in reshy
lation to intelligenc e
237 Radio intelligence comprises
(a) Establishing the location and movements of the r enemys field stations intercepting messages and forwarding
them to our troops
(b) Establishing the location and movements of hostile j
amp
airplanes using wireless and spotting for hostile artillery
intercepting their calls identifying the artillery groups with
wfiich they are working and establishing the shelling connectshy ions between them and -the targets in our lines raquou25a0
(c) The interception 1 interpretation and analysis of
the enemy s conversation picked up by our listening sets and
its dissemination to our own troops conce meet
X 235 In carrying out the foregoing the Radio Intelligence
Officer at army headquarters receives the reports and analyzes
the information obtajjied white the technical supervision and i i
maintenance of the equipment rests upon the signal corps
239 In order to assist Radio- Intelligence Officers and
sections in carrying out their work the following dutiea will
be performed by afficora iri the army corps and divisional inshy
telligence sections
r (a) Intorception froci groutod stations t The information
obtained from -the enemy a ground stations ill be transmitted
by Radio Intelligence Officersshy to- corps j^tsXligence seotions
) on daily ge port sheets which will-aid o contain nOtms aa to its
tactical significance and such other information as will be
needed to apply it This will be facilitated by the issue of
jnapa showing the enemys system of map references and co^ordi
90
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
X
to army headquarters and to any corps concerned jhen a
ft train is obsaryed within gim range it should be reported
Si-
at once to the heavy artillery groups concerned
230raquo Balloon observers report all movements seen
by them within) the enemy fs lines including troops trucks
wagons u0084v narrow and standard gauge railroad trains smoke l
hostile airplanes and everything that is of military
importance
telligence
This information is transmitted to the
section of the unit to which the balloon
in
is
attached for duty in addition to being reported to the
artillery u25a0 u25a0bullu25a0u25a0bull
u25a0 bullu25a0 bull
u25a0 231 raquo (When a hostile airplane is brought down within
-S
our 1 lines the corps in whose area it falls will fee rampsponsishy
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0) u25a0
u25a0 gt
ble for safeguard ing it-arid allofshy its contents until it is handed over to agent 3 of the air service through the array
corps to which the unit belongs The machine with all of i
its contents will be turneid overby the army corps to the
air service with the exception only of documents maps and
photographs which together with any prisoners or dead f
bodies willbe taken possession of by the intelligence
) Section for examination u25a0
x u25a0 u25a0 -
be
232 In case of -wounded prisoners it may at
u25a0 bull u25a0u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
necassary for the examination to be carried out by a
time$
corps other than the one in whose area the machine fell u25a0
u25a0u25a0 ishy u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 u25a0u25a0
this case the corps examining will notify the corps into
In
whampse area the machine fSGLI that it is carrying out the
examination so that the prisoners may not be worried by
repeated or unnecesszligary examinations
233 The corps- concerned will immediately notify
gt the nearest air mnit shy
fall of the machine
as well as army headquarters of the
On receiving information the squadron
Ogt
V
y
88
notifies air service headquarters through the proper channels
234 fsfoedi a hostile aviator is captured he will
be examined in detail at army headquarters Since however
it is important that he be examined in technical details
the air service willif they desire _y
send an officer to u25a0h~~l
be present at the examination and therefore should be
notified in advance A preliminary examination may be held
at corps headquarters to obtain identifications and informa
tion on other matters of urgent interest
235 Should one of our own airplanes fall in our
lines tha corp3 willbe responsible as laid down in parashy
graph 231 and the nearest unit will at once inform headshy
quarters army air service mentioning number type and
markings and giving any other information which may
assist in the identification of the machine
89
i
gtu25a0 )
i Chapter X3
RADIO INTELLIGENCE
u25a0 236 -The purpose of the radio intelligence is to obtain
i the fullest advantage of the signal service in the army in reshy
lation to intelligenc e
237 Radio intelligence comprises
(a) Establishing the location and movements of the r enemys field stations intercepting messages and forwarding
them to our troops
(b) Establishing the location and movements of hostile j
amp
airplanes using wireless and spotting for hostile artillery
intercepting their calls identifying the artillery groups with
wfiich they are working and establishing the shelling connectshy ions between them and -the targets in our lines raquou25a0
(c) The interception 1 interpretation and analysis of
the enemy s conversation picked up by our listening sets and
its dissemination to our own troops conce meet
X 235 In carrying out the foregoing the Radio Intelligence
Officer at army headquarters receives the reports and analyzes
the information obtajjied white the technical supervision and i i
maintenance of the equipment rests upon the signal corps
239 In order to assist Radio- Intelligence Officers and
sections in carrying out their work the following dutiea will
be performed by afficora iri the army corps and divisional inshy
telligence sections
r (a) Intorception froci groutod stations t The information
obtained from -the enemy a ground stations ill be transmitted
by Radio Intelligence Officersshy to- corps j^tsXligence seotions
) on daily ge port sheets which will-aid o contain nOtms aa to its
tactical significance and such other information as will be
needed to apply it This will be facilitated by the issue of
jnapa showing the enemys system of map references and co^ordi
90
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
notifies air service headquarters through the proper channels
234 fsfoedi a hostile aviator is captured he will
be examined in detail at army headquarters Since however
it is important that he be examined in technical details
the air service willif they desire _y
send an officer to u25a0h~~l
be present at the examination and therefore should be
notified in advance A preliminary examination may be held
at corps headquarters to obtain identifications and informa
tion on other matters of urgent interest
235 Should one of our own airplanes fall in our
lines tha corp3 willbe responsible as laid down in parashy
graph 231 and the nearest unit will at once inform headshy
quarters army air service mentioning number type and
markings and giving any other information which may
assist in the identification of the machine
89
i
gtu25a0 )
i Chapter X3
RADIO INTELLIGENCE
u25a0 236 -The purpose of the radio intelligence is to obtain
i the fullest advantage of the signal service in the army in reshy
lation to intelligenc e
237 Radio intelligence comprises
(a) Establishing the location and movements of the r enemys field stations intercepting messages and forwarding
them to our troops
(b) Establishing the location and movements of hostile j
amp
airplanes using wireless and spotting for hostile artillery
intercepting their calls identifying the artillery groups with
wfiich they are working and establishing the shelling connectshy ions between them and -the targets in our lines raquou25a0
(c) The interception 1 interpretation and analysis of
the enemy s conversation picked up by our listening sets and
its dissemination to our own troops conce meet
X 235 In carrying out the foregoing the Radio Intelligence
Officer at army headquarters receives the reports and analyzes
the information obtajjied white the technical supervision and i i
maintenance of the equipment rests upon the signal corps
239 In order to assist Radio- Intelligence Officers and
sections in carrying out their work the following dutiea will
be performed by afficora iri the army corps and divisional inshy
telligence sections
r (a) Intorception froci groutod stations t The information
obtained from -the enemy a ground stations ill be transmitted
by Radio Intelligence Officersshy to- corps j^tsXligence seotions
) on daily ge port sheets which will-aid o contain nOtms aa to its
tactical significance and such other information as will be
needed to apply it This will be facilitated by the issue of
jnapa showing the enemys system of map references and co^ordi
90
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
i Chapter X3
RADIO INTELLIGENCE
u25a0 236 -The purpose of the radio intelligence is to obtain
i the fullest advantage of the signal service in the army in reshy
lation to intelligenc e
237 Radio intelligence comprises
(a) Establishing the location and movements of the r enemys field stations intercepting messages and forwarding
them to our troops
(b) Establishing the location and movements of hostile j
amp
airplanes using wireless and spotting for hostile artillery
intercepting their calls identifying the artillery groups with
wfiich they are working and establishing the shelling connectshy ions between them and -the targets in our lines raquou25a0
(c) The interception 1 interpretation and analysis of
the enemy s conversation picked up by our listening sets and
its dissemination to our own troops conce meet
X 235 In carrying out the foregoing the Radio Intelligence
Officer at army headquarters receives the reports and analyzes
the information obtajjied white the technical supervision and i i
maintenance of the equipment rests upon the signal corps
239 In order to assist Radio- Intelligence Officers and
sections in carrying out their work the following dutiea will
be performed by afficora iri the army corps and divisional inshy
telligence sections
r (a) Intorception froci groutod stations t The information
obtained from -the enemy a ground stations ill be transmitted
by Radio Intelligence Officersshy to- corps j^tsXligence seotions
) on daily ge port sheets which will-aid o contain nOtms aa to its
tactical significance and such other information as will be
needed to apply it This will be facilitated by the issue of
jnapa showing the enemys system of map references and co^ordi
90
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
nation Urgent andbull important information will be forwarded by
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0u25a0u25a0 1
the Radio Intelligence Officer by telephone or message as soon
as received The least possible delay should occur in notishyt
confyingy front line -troops of all information received which
cerns them
(b) Airplane intercepting station Wireless stations
willbe specially located for intercepting all signals sent
by hostile airplanes arid will issue them in a daily report on
the form specially provided Should the nature of an inter
oe pied message warrant immediate action the intelligence
officer will at onse inform the artillery information officer
of the corps artillery concerned In addition the airplane
intercept station will be responsible for the sending out of
rwarnings immediately when calls are heard ) (
The Artillery information Officer is responsible for
passing on the information received from the airplane intershy
cept station to the flash ranging sections - sound ranging
Vsections balloon companies and corps artillery observers in
the order named so that they may be prepared to locaie batteries
operating with the enemy s airplanes and warn the units con
cerned upon the receipt of a signalled target or co-ordinate
that may be shelled Effective results can only be obtained
by prompt and efficient team work between the army radio service
and the corps inforrgtmtioni officer and his agencies (
(c) iiistening-in sets Copies of daily reports from
listening-in sets willbe sent directly to division and corps
intelligence sections and through the latter to army -headquartshy
ers ampnd general headquarters
Any infringement of the instructions regarding the
use of signal communications near the front willbe severely
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0bull bull
dealt with by the divisional and corps officers concerned
Intercepted enemy signals or messages of immediate
tactical importance willbe communicated at once by the operatfr V
1 V
91
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
r
to the troops concerned t
As week1y Rad io Intelligcn cccc Summary will be prelaquo
pared by the army Radio Intelligence Officer and issued
by the intelligence section to those concernecL
92
i
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
Chapter 14
TOPOGRAPHICAL WORK
240 The typamps of maps to be issued and the tables
of distribution are determined by the operations section
with-the advice of (the intelligence section and published
in Instructions Concerning Maps- The supply and
distribution in accordance with the establ isbed regulations
is carried out by the intelligence section Waste of maps
mustbe avoided but sufficient replacement frust be provided
forloss and wear and tear As the map is frequently the
only intelligence information that reaches ddmpany and
platoori leaders in active operations staffs willnot retain
more than their allot ed portion for use or reserve at the
expense of the troops Units relieved in line or in an area
will turn over all maps and cartographic documents to the
organization relieving them Unless some other officer be
designated by the commanding of ficer this transfer willbe
supervised by the Intelligence Officer of the unit Intelligence
Officers of all units are responsible that the maps furnished them
for- distribution reach of ficers und troops for whom they are
intended
241 The intelligence service is responsible for the
interpretation accurate restitution and distribution of all
airplane phot ographe interpretation or ofThe determination
thpound character of objects is the duty of the information branch
the restitution or accurate location on the rpap the duty of
the topographical branch and the distribution is- effected
through intelligence distribution channel olaquo
242 The Assistant cbief of Staff GK2 at General
headquarters armies corps and divisions are responsible for
the topographic work reproduction 1 and map supply and
distribution within their units
93
v
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
I
243 The maps copyiid cartographic documents published
and distributed by the intelligence service are as follows
1 Base maps showing culture and topography
2 Battle map showing in addition to the above elements of the enemy defensive organizations whose existence
and location is definitely known
3 Intelligence or information maps showing the bull enemys
defensive organization as reported from intelligence
sources but not accurately located from photographs
schematic maps and diagrams of -tiie enemy s defensive
or offensive organization or theories maps or diagrams
showing organization or activity of the enemys
artillery
4raquo
Annotated aerial photographs either vertical or
s oblique relief maps and photographic reproductions)
panoramic photographs and sketches visibility studies
u26665u26665 Special ma pa rsketches and diagrams for all staff
sections and services showing plans of operation or
-friendly organizations
6raquo Maps diagrams and triangulatron data for map making
and for the- geodetic control and organisation of
artillery fire c
244 1)b3 preparation of base maps and making of
relief maps is performed under the direction of the intellishy
gence section General Headquarters vby a topographic battalioii -
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 t
operating a bass printing plants This plant -willalso assist
the armieis in work beyond the limits of their mechanical
resources and personnels
the bulk topographical and reproduction245raquo- of the
work is concentrated in the army which alone has sufficient i
resources and personnel for itt Thcopy army willprepare and
publish maps and documents of the five latter classes named
above and in cases of emergency willprepare and publish baampe u25a0bullu25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0maps
- i f^-j
(u25a0
t
i
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
The army topographical sub-section is the authoritative judge
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0u25a0i u25a0
of the correctness of all maps and of the accuracy of all
locations by means of restitution In case of war of taoteeraent
or other circumstances requiring e centralization or incase of
the independent operation of a -corps the army may delegate all or
any of its duties to the corps and will reinforce the corps sectshy
ion with sufficient personnel and material to enable it to carry
out these duties The army will assist corps and divisions in the
reproduction of necessary worje beyond the limits of their resources
246 The army makes all geodetic and topographic surshy
u25a0u25a0veys within its area either for map making or for the organisation
or artillery fire It is necessary that the triangulation and geoshy
detic control throughout the whole army area be uniform arid that u25a0u25a0
u25a0 u25a0 u25a0bull i all maps made by- any organization be in accordance with the general
system For the purpose of accomplishing this result the army topOgshy
raphical sub-section exercises technical supervision over all map |
making agencies within the army
247 The responsibility of the army topographical subshy
section for accurate mapping does not cease at the front line but
extends over rear areas In case of advance into territory not etc
curately mapped on the scale desired for Operation and intelligence
purposes the army topographical sub-section will proceed at once to
ttalce the necessary surveys and base maps under a comprehensive and
uniform plan determined by the intelligence section General Head bull
quarters This willnot prevent uitits from making such reconnaisshy
sances and surveys as are needed for their immediate use but copies
of such work will in all cases be turned in through the intellishygence officers of the respective units to the army topographical
battalion for use in compiling the final map
laquo-Cpound4t) base map even though inaccurate is better r
than no map at all and the principle must be followed of issuing
the best Dase map available and of- issuing corrections as frequentl
95
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
i
1
amps possible fitfrout waiting tW the preparation of the final ac -
u25a0 u25a0bull i
eurat-e map u25a0-u25a0u25a0 laquo
249 f Base map work Ik rftar areas or In ths enemy s
territory beyond the resources of the army may be taken ever by
General Headquarters or the array may be reinforced by personnel and
manorial from Genreg rat Headquarter^ aa the situation demands -
u25a0
250 Th army topographical battalion ltAoes type re
production for all units of the army
251 Tf^9 normal work of a corps topographical sab-section
is the preparation of int^lligsnccopy maps and special maps as describshy
ed in paragraphs three and five of the list of maps published by the
inteiligence service
The ccrP will in addition publish correctshy
ion sheets io battle maps and s end- copies to the army The corps
will distribute in accordance with instructions maps and docu-
zinents received from the army to the units under its comiriand In case
of independent operation of a corps it will assume all of the
functions of the army and will be suitably reinforced inmaterial
u25a0
ancl personnel fron the army topcgrapliipal- battlicn V
-252
-The division Topographical Cf fleet- f with the aid of
-the engineer Heigimental intelligence Officer and ])iisional 3ngineer
make such reconnaissances and surveys of the enemy^s and friendly
organizations as are necessary and forward the results to the corps u0084
intelligence section- The Division Topographic Officer pre parse- and
publishes intelligence rnape and sketches special maps and diagrams
for other staff sections Vlhen rvperatinginde-pandsntly the division
will be suitably re iuforcediir material and persannel from the
army topographical battalion
96
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
Chapter ls
WAR DEPARTMENT AND
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS INTELLIGENCE
254 Military intelligence includes all information
regarding thcopy enemys country which can be useful for waging
war more effectively This includes besides information
distinctly military in character geographic political and
economic information as well as information regarding enemys u25a0 u25a0 u25a0 u0084u25a0 If
amp racial characteristics the labor situation agriculture
condition of railroads and in general anything which may
affect the direction of the war i
255 In a war of defense conducted within or ad jac
ent to our own borders most of the above information of a--
general nature will be collected compiled and disseminated
by the Military Intelligence Division of the General Staff
at the War Department In a war conducted on foreigii soil
the General Headquarters will be compbelled to have its own
sub-sections for dealing with such subjects as the enemys
political and economic situation as well as the situation
in allied and neutral countries in the vicinity of the theashy
)tre of war u25a0gt-u25a0u25a0
256 The pcrsonnel o f the Gene ral Headquarte rs intelli
gence will vary with the nature of the war its special conshy
u25a0 bull
ditions and the size of the army It will serve all armies
operating under its orders by keeping them informed regardshy
ing the enemy s order of battle his strategy and tactics
equipment and mate Vialu25a0u25a0 It can only do this effectively when
the general
staff intelligence sections of all lower units
are properly organized and of highly trained per-
sonnel and working in thorough harmony In addition to the
above the General Headquarters supplies data relating to the
theatre of war in the rear of the army zone in the form ofbull - j
area books railroad and road maps water maps study nf rear
97
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
i
1
positions maps an photographs of rear bombing targets etc i
257 The General Headquarters organises and itistaXl9
such special u25a0services ac the radionintelligence and listening lt
seta It provides for ihcopy decoding and deciphering of- the
enemys wireless and other messages received It organizes
ih^ braiich intelligence for aviation unit3 and in general
inspects and exercises supervision over the performance of
intelligence work in the armies It provides for the necessary 7
espionage and counter-espionage It assures ths adequate
supply of map s and means of reproducing maps for General
and for the armies including the preparationHea^uarteirs y
of such opecsal and information mapa ampB may be called for amp
or as may be useful icr the accurate and quick dissemination
of important informa+donV It provides for the necessary
eensoiBhip of the press gt letters telegrams t telephone und
both ufiampertampfces useful propaganda and oounteracts the effects
qf the enemys propaganda in cases where it can not prevont -dt
_f
98
x
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
Chapter 16
COUNTKR-ESu25a0 lONAGE
258 The work of counter-espionage is performed by the
intelligence section in close co-operation u25a0with the Provost
Marshal Generals department
259 It embraces the detection of the enemys agents the
prevention of leakage of military information and the adopt icm
of measures to prevent sabotage Coimterreepionage activities
are carried on mainly among the civil populationshy
260 The organization must be elastic and the actual
distribution of personnel will vary to suit changing conditions
Intelligence officers assigned to counter-espionage work have
under them intelligence police personnel Jn addition the u25a0-- j u25a0 u25a0
u25a0 -u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0u25a0 i
services of civilian operatives may be used
261 Normallycounter-espionage personnel will be u25a0
assigned to armies or to areas If assigned to the former they
will operate under the Assistant Chief of Staff G-2 of the 1
army Counter-espionage officers should be given as much latishy
tude as possible in the details of their work They 1 will be kept
advised by the Aasis tant Chief of Staff G~pound of all prospectshy
ive military operations
262 The position of intelligence police posts which will
be established at suitable places by omarbergtespioaage officers
willbe made known to the corps division or brigade commanders
in whose areas they are located
263 The principal duties of intelligence police post
personnel are
(a) To report all cases of suspected espionage
within their area L
h
(b) To keep a careful watch for any possible method
enemy of communication with the u25a0u25a0u25a0
(c) To report any breach of regulations by civilianb
(d) To interrogate all strangers who appear in the
district
99
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
V
(c) To examine all persons found loitering near laquo
placeszlig of military importance
(f) To examine passes in ttfe hands bf civilians
and report any irregularities with regard to them
N (g) To collect from refugees and others useful
information regarding the country behind the enemys lines
(h) To find otrt persons who would be suitable as
guides or possible agents and report their names
(i) To control and investigate tho movements of
civilian workmen employed under the engineers quartermaster
or Other departments of the army
264 Counter-espionage officers will prepare and keep
up to datamp lists of reliable persons who reside in their
areas including localities within the enemy p lines Such
persons willbe communicated with for the purpose of obtainshyu25a0u25a0-
u25a0bullbull u25a0u25a0-1
j u25a0u25a0u25a0 -
ing the names of additional local resilents who may be reshy
lied upon The services of all of thssc inhabitants will be
utilised for the purpose of discovering individuals who have
been virorking for or have oe^n present in frontier towis with
the enemy In case of the arrest of persons so discovered
appropriate msasures will be taken in conjinretion with the
Provdst Marshal General 1s Department vhich is charged with
their safekeeping in the event of arrest
265 During each stage of an advance the intelligence
police will
(a) Be on the watch for all methods by which hostile
agents can communicate with the enemy eg by hidden telephones
wireless apparatus carrier pigeons light signals etcraquogtx (b) Make themselves acquainted with the local inshy
habitants and endeavor by every means in their power to disshy
cover what hostile units have been in occupation of the district 100
8
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
(c) Make inquiries among the inhabitants as to
suspicious characters and find out whether 6he re have heeamp
any recent arrivals in the locality
(d) Keep a strict watch over cafes and hotels which
have been frequented by the enemy
(c) Ascertain where the enemys headquarters have
been and make a careful search for any maps or documents
which may have been left behind
(f) Find out what buildings bridges or roads are
supposed to have been mined
266 Intelligence police personnel willalways be in
close touch with the headquarters of the division or brishy
gade in whose area they are operating and with the countershy
espionage officer of the entire area or at army headquarters
They will transmit information promptly to these authorishy
ties in order that it may be actampd upon with equal promptshy
ness
j
101
v
V
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
u25a0J
f
A P PliDIG B So
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
APPENDIX A
OBSBEmmS KEPOHffo
In oampder to -matee certain that no Valuable facts
related to ah observation become lost through carelessness
or oversight on tlie part of an ob server $ the accompanying
blank form Is supplied These should be gotten yp in boofc form with per- gt
forated edge 9 arranged for duplioatiagraquo- Eh blanks should V
be about 13 xBn and supplied in bloclrs as refi33a rs 9 printed
On both sides Covers should be and Inner side of )
left cover provided so as to hold a map A waterproof oase
-with for carrying must be issued with the boofe
Qrlginals will^beturned In to iiie intelligence-u25a0
u25a0
officer at a prescribed j
time and rrampf
be gathered gt
upbsr him
at any tame duriiig tours of inspections
V
f
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
i II
5353
u25ba H laquof bullbull r traquo laquo u2666 t Ilaquor t V tr bullraquo r ilaquo raquo
IIbull^5bull^5
u25a0u25a0 bullbullbullbullbullbull bullbull u2666u2666rr
cc
raquo 4lt bullraquo bullbull bullraquo tlaquo raquo raquolaquo bullraquo f 4 laquo4 f ^ ir fr raquobull bullltbull laquo^ raquorraquor OO
oo MMcc pxJpxJampamp 33
laquo bull bullbullu25a0 bull bull
f
bulllaquo ltlaquo
r
t laquor
t
bull r laquor
bullu25a0bullu25a0 bullbullbullbull
HHiiLULUII
titi hihiaasectsectbullu25a03bullu25a03
-- --ii
HH |01|01
OOVslVVslVs1s1
cocoraquoraquoNNHH
COCO
|P3|P3
0202ICOICO
ooaaPP
r r
oo SS
II
SriSriOO
cc
wwiwiwiiool-dl-d-d-d[[
u25a0idu25a0id
bulllaquo bulllaquo raquo it laquoraquo laquobull laquolbullraquo gtlaquo raquobulllaquo bullilaquor tr traquo laquoraquo tr raquor c gtraquobull bullraquo bull raquoftf t
(-I(-I XX
||
ltlt bulllt u2666bull bull tt a Itt u25a0( I vv u0084u0084
bull0bull0
iiO3O3
1 II
y
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
bull bull bull
u25a0aebemdix b
HQBBL FOR BlffKQliBSMRff
Date
Hour
Patrol sent by Company bullraquobull raquo bdquo laquo Regiment
Map reference
Compos itI-om Officersraquo Rraquo00laquooraquolaquo ampbull
raquo raquo laquoltlaquoolaquoolaquolaquooMission bull
(Dime and place of -departure laquo
QI32Dcopy and place of retuin- gt gtu25a0 laquo laquodego
Route o (see slcetc3a)
Oasualties laquo laquo v
SuHszligiary of events laquobullbullbullbull
Sig3aature of patrol leader
Barils
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
I
Ammmx 0
the above system famishes an easy practical and
effective way of rendering -intelligenco data accessible and ltu25a0
V
STiitable for fiitKly
It is made tip by pastirig tracing jpa]3er or tMn letter
paper on a piece -of cardboard upon which the map of the sector
gthas been pasted at one end (lty)raquo
ffihe sheets at MAM are superdn^posedover- tlie map and
u25a0the daipiy information traced thereon each receiving the proper
datlaquo
After tracing the daily sheeiv place over it the slieet
at B and successively trace lipon it tlie data froft daily encopy Sj
thus having on MB)J the combined information of one weels ffihis
may be used for longer periods by simply adding more tracing
sheets
It is suitable for patrols shelliag airplane flights
and enemy circulation and movements in stabilised warfare and
may be used in war of
movement for the same- or etfcer purposes-Z
Its -chief value is feat it does away wicii large files
of written or typed matter which must be placed upon maps
eventually and appreciatedto permit of their being studied
Sheets at tlAu are slipped raidgr the map after their 1
11 data hampsbeen traced on B
22iis system saves mariting up maps to the point where
they soon become illegible and may be isept on file for future
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
A
3iBfroHmigg i
Allx-eports of operations end niost of the intelli-
geioampe reports require slsetches either for a-mpiifylng the
sre]3Orfc or for salving a great amount of writing
Slcetolies made by troops in operations are smlaquoe to
be very inaccurate and are -usually impossible to locate on a
printed mplaquo
To remedy this situation the iutelligerjce section of the
division should prepare- maps traced from acoLirate maps of
-suitable so- le f which oaraquo be -issued inquantity
On tlicopy reverse side ot the oiaps for intelligence
officers may be printed tlie paragraph headings of the Siamraary
of data iof Intelligence spaced accordii^tg to the amount
u25a0ustially gathered lander tJaese headings
SOr platoon and section commanders^ a most tiseful
systen is to supply sketch maps vvith the outlines of the most
usual messages- or Ieqnests printed on the bacfe These ns^s
should always be available for patrol leaders and willac~
company their rspcrts
ThBTOCiG many methods of preparing sketch maps
Both the cyclostyle and mimeograph have given excellent re- i
snlts Contonrs are not of prime importance 9 tint i-oads
tQRTns- streams woods rhill-tops 9 and other llaquo--nd marlts are
vital
I(
u25a0
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
APampiflDIXEraquo
FOBH FOR A SUMMARY- 01 DHKLLISSKDE CQNFIIENTIAL
Not to be taken into front line
) NO
r bull
From To
X KSLjEROi IMHSSSION OF THE DAY
11 ElaquoiY FRONT LINES
111 EKSMYQRDEa OF BATOJIE
(a) Identifications (traquo) Pres-umed eneray oroer^of battle (c) Comnent on enemy units
u^ u25a0 1t(d) Sitiiation^ enemy reserves bull1 ul
u25a0gt bull (fylt^iIV EHSf^Y INFANTRY ACTIVITY
(u25a0V ESTY ARTILLSHY ACTIVITY )3^
h -ampSU u25a0lt Ir VI EMYAESRIAL ACTIVITY W^ ll^Vwbull bU^ lt iakC
c u0084bdquobull u0084 A
VII
VIII ENEMY WORKS
IX MISCEUuAjaDOUS mdash X EN3MY INDENTIONS ji V^
A fV^ v^l t PW-sPW-sXI ACTIVITYOF OUR OWN TROOJEB Ao-tn (c m So 11 oAToiWJ
BIRT 11 cV u0084 -bull-
u25a0u25a0u25a0lt u0084v - u25a0u25a0u25a0- raquo
Chief of StaffBy Direction of theAvv^ n A-v A vvs gtj
name rank
Ac C of S Glaquo2raquo OR
Order of (name of commanding officer) name rank
R10 or p Bn Io
u25a01 1 I raquofi 0 i
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
X
SUBJEOQB FOR GOIJSIISBRITION XtiMKXmUP A SUMMKY OP XI^SLLIGFJ^E -3
$he main headings given fee low in capital letters
villnot appear on the Summary^ Iwt are merely given to indishy
cate the systecopy on which the small headings have been arranged
Some of the headings^ for example listening posts observashy
tion posts etc should only be used for information when it
has a particular interest- froro the- point of view of the head
insect toider vMch it-iE) described In therr-iajority of cases it
is preferable to -incline general information of this nampturs bull under tiie general heading Enemys- front and stupor t lines11
Amdash^EHESRAi IHFOBMTIOIMi
v1 Operations bullZ Icl^ntifications 5 Air- reconnaigsances
B-^EfjSlar rS IESSJ^iSESt
4laquo 3rpnys front and stj^o^t lines 5 Sajps 6raquo Listening and snipers 1 posts 7 Observation posts 8 Machine ~sun emplaoements and nests 9 srencii-moijtar
10 Mines bullj11bull Screen So
12 Cupolas t
IS J)ug-laquoouts 14 Occupied buildings 15 Strong points (including defaided localities) 16 3neiuy fs x^atrols
(17laquo copyneajgr^s rear lines of ampefensegt 18 BneKiys aotiyity 19 Condition of galaquogtuiid
O-p-JJOVES-EMttS IS ENEMYS- LIMES AKD OROafX24shy5I0H liTKBpoundRlaquo
30 _u25a0 Routes an 4tracks used by ttamp enemy 2^ 22 23 S4
25
26 2-fraquo
fenqh railways Mg^yt railways Dumps Movements observed behind the enemys lines
(poundamprsomel and taansporlaquo) s u25a0Hiscellaneous occurrences in rear of the enemyu25a0u25a0
u25a0u25a0 u25a0lincopyo u25a0u25a0 bull Bcopyiiofs S
-Best billets- sndtoanips 28 -
lraquoocopyation of Jieadq^vfe-rters of rogiaienial and lo7eraquo u25a0 units and regimental frO3^a^es bull
29 bulllocation of headquarters of ilgadcopyg and hiier units
x
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
Ajgampandix F1 Cent
30 v
31 32 33
34 35
36 37 38- 39 40
41
4E 43raquo 44bull 45laquo 46 47 laquo
48 49 50raquo 51 52 53a
54
55 5S 5-7^ 58 59 60
Dmdash6IGSALJJJiB Wireless signals and signalling stations Visual signals and signalling stampticras j ligjht signals t
Searchlights
u25a0Jt^HSAS bull
location of gas cylinders Wind tests (smo2copy flags etc)
raquo-AHDIXMRY
Enerays shelling (artillery activity) Enemyls batteries suspected arid located Distribution of idstile artillery on army froampi Armored trains Location of hostile observation balloons
artillery firelaquoEffect of our
G^QUI]EM3raquo
Shells other than gas shells 6ae (and lachrsTinatory) shells Fuses
projectiles -
Hand and rifle grenades Miscellaneous projectiles Plash-concealing apparatus Gas apparatus SmoKe apparatus Plame projector
and telegraph equipment3el^honeUniform Miscellaneous equipment
amp-QWNOB
General
Infantry^Artillery Oavalry Other arms Airship and airplane movements
)
3
r
61 l^rpes of aircraft bull62
63
64 65 66 67 68raquo 69 70 71 72 73 74
75 bulllt
Distinguishing marlcs on aircraft
JmdashORGAHEamOH
Composition etc )
Organiaation Composition Organization Machine-^un
of higher forations (corps divisions
of infantry units of conpanies of cavalry units
units organization of Foot artillery organization of Field artillery organization of Trenohiaortar units organization of Pioneers organization of Construction battalions organization of Flying units organization of transport units (horse and mechanical organizashy
tion of-Bailvay services oaganization of
j
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy
f
VV--A u25a0u25a0
j- I
ispndix gtlaquoPraquo Cont N
bull^ 6raquo Survey detachments organisation of u25a0 77raquo Signal -emits cv^nizaQtonofo
78raquo Carri er pigsonsj organisation of raquo bull
79laquo Misce llsaieaas units
vOTgcopynizati^n of
00bull Qjiampttges In octama-nd 81laquo Alterations in array groupiiigs
KmdashIARSS IEIiOOP-HOraSJEDS
82 SSeaaafer-s from aad tci~otir front
LmdashMISOBLIiiHBOUS 83 Enemys riiseslaquo 84-laquo Schools of instruction 85 Officers (supply and training )gtu25a0
86 Eebruiting i -87raquo Cag-ualtieso l
_s
88bull Enemys morale 89raquo Internal situation in enemys cotintry
-shy