THE EXPANDING ROLE OF THE STATE

Kidner, Ch. 22, pp. 640-644

MASS POLITICS AND NATION BUILDING

Great Britain France

MASS POLITICS AND NATION BUILDING

Eastern EuropeFrance

MASS POLITICS AND TECHNOLOGY

increased

literacy more politically

aware voting public

new focus on

offering secondary education

increase in amount

and type of reading

materials

Gov’t Finance

d Educati

on

IMPACT OF LITERACY

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MODERN DAY EXAMPLES

JULES VERNE

WORKING CLASS POLIT ICAL PARTIES

British Labour Party

Social Democratic Party of Germany

Socialist party in France

Russian Socialist Revolutionaries

Bolsheviks / Mensheviks

Alfred Dreyfus, Jewish capt. in army - accused of spying for Germany

• From Alsace – family left when Prussia took the territory• Convicted of treason and sent to Devil’s Island Prison

The French public questioned his conviction• Why? Evidence gathered shows innocent - points to Major Esterhazy ---

but army won’t reopen the case• Family asks help of Emile Zola’s - open letter - J’accuse

Dreyfus in prison until 1898• Country split!!! Church / Army vs. Jews / Radicals• called back to France for retrial – 1899 pardoned• 1906 exonerated

Results• Republicans / Socialists – block anti-republicans • Promote Anti-clericalism (because were vs. Dreyfus)• Republic survives --- up to 1914

9

DREYFUS AFFAIR

MAIN GOALS OF MASS EDUCATION

Mass Education = government sponsored education

1.Reduce the influence of the church on education

2.Strengthen patriotism

3.Reinforced existing class distinctions

Paying taxes

Serving in the military

Obeying the law

Protect from • Foreign and

domestic enemies• Sickness, poverty,

old age

Insure• Order• International

presitge

SOCIAL CONTRACT

Citizens’ Obligations to the State State’s Obligations to the Citizen

REASONS FOR STATE INTERVENTION IN ECONOMICS

1.Protect investors’ profits1. Regulations on banking and stock market

increase over time

2.Protect the welfare of the working class

1. Better, safer working conditions2. More just working terms

RO LE O F THE M IL ITARY IN THE NATIO N -STATE

1.Compulsory military service for all men1. Except Great Britain

2.Build unity amongst young men1. In some places lead to wider use of

standardized language

3.Develop national pride and international prestige

1. Largest militaries the world had ever seen2. Largest drain on national budget

1. New taxes and tariffs passed to support militaries