TheTheEXER-STATIONEXER-STATION

“Concept”“Concept”

Group members:

Tarafa M. Al-AwajBichar Myrtil

Project advisor:

Dr. Marshall Summar

Concept?Concept? Project 100% operational…Project 100% operational… Project meets 100% of criteria…Project meets 100% of criteria… Project not yet ready for market production.Project not yet ready for market production.

Why did this happen?Why did this happen? 11stst Project. Project. Lack of resources:Lack of resources:

1.1. TimeTime

2.2. MoneyMoney

More detailed explanation will be given later...More detailed explanation will be given later...

Dr. Marshall SummarDr. Marshall Summar Associate Professor of Associate Professor of

Pediatrics at Vanderbilt.Pediatrics at Vanderbilt. Associate Professor of Associate Professor of

Molecular Physiology & Molecular Physiology & Biophysics at Vanderbilt.Biophysics at Vanderbilt.

Met in November of 2003.Met in November of 2003. Interested in helping children (ages 8-18) with the Interested in helping children (ages 8-18) with the

genetic disease PKU.genetic disease PKU. We gladly joined him on this mission.We gladly joined him on this mission.

Phenylketonuria (PKU)Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Genetic disorder characterized by he Genetic disorder characterized by he absence or deficiency of an enzyme that is absence or deficiency of an enzyme that is responsible for processing the essential responsible for processing the essential amino acid phenylalanine.amino acid phenylalanine.

Abnormal phenylalanine accumulation in Abnormal phenylalanine accumulation in the blood is toxic to brain tissue.the blood is toxic to brain tissue.

It is estimated that PKU occurs in one in It is estimated that PKU occurs in one in 20,000 newborns in the United States.20,000 newborns in the United States.

Equally frequent in males and females.Equally frequent in males and females.

≈ ≈ 27,200 individuals in the USA.27,200 individuals in the USA.

Phenylketonuria (PKU)Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Without treatment, most infants with PKU Without treatment, most infants with PKU develop:develop:

Mental retardation (IQ < 80), and Mental retardation (IQ < 80), and additional neurological symptoms…additional neurological symptoms…which lead to introverted children.which lead to introverted children.

A low metabolism…A low metabolism…which leads to overweight, even obese which leads to overweight, even obese

children.children.

PKU EffectsPKU Effects

Spend almost all and any Spend almost all and any time available playing time available playing video games.video games.

Get little or no exercise, Get little or no exercise, day in day out.day in day out.

PKU ChildrenPKU Children

Compound problems and lead to deterioration Compound problems and lead to deterioration of their general health and quality of life.of their general health and quality of life.

Other Pertinent FactorsOther Pertinent Factors

A large portion of PKU children share these A large portion of PKU children share these factors in common:factors in common:

Some physical limitations.Some physical limitations.Lower socio-economic background (limited Lower socio-economic background (limited

financial resources).financial resources).Parents low in motivation.Parents low in motivation.Other limited resources (e.g. education).Other limited resources (e.g. education).

The Bigger IssueThe Bigger Issue

"We have noticed that children in America are tending more toward obesity [& less

general fitness] than in decades past; Part of it is due to sedentary lifestyles that kids

are getting into. Rather than run in the woods, they've got Game Boy, Nintendo

and television."

- - Discovery_Channel.com/Health Discovery_Channel.com/Health

Dec 2003Dec 2003

Alternate SolutionsAlternate Solutions

DRUG ADMINSTRATION DRUG ADMINSTRATION (e.g., Amphetamines)(e.g., Amphetamines)

Adverse Psychological Effect/Damage.Adverse Psychological Effect/Damage.Possibly Addictive (dependency).Possibly Addictive (dependency).

PERSONAL TRAINER/THERAPISTPERSONAL TRAINER/THERAPISTExpensive (cost factor).Expensive (cost factor).Lack of Independent Motivation.Lack of Independent Motivation.

Ideal SolutionIdeal Solution

From the IWB ideation process:From the IWB ideation process:

Find an alternative way to obtain (exercise) that Find an alternative way to obtain (exercise) that offers the following: eliminates, reduces, or offers the following: eliminates, reduces, or

prevents (weak muscles), (obesity) and (health prevents (weak muscles), (obesity) and (health problems), and is not influenced by (Addiction to problems), and is not influenced by (Addiction to

video games) and (PKU).video games) and (PKU).

SolutionSolution

Motivate to independently exercise.Motivate to independently exercise.Incorporate aerobic physical activity into video Incorporate aerobic physical activity into video game play.game play.Substitute some “finger-activated” commands Substitute some “finger-activated” commands with “leg-activated” ones.with “leg-activated” ones.Allow patient to remain seated.Allow patient to remain seated.Aid in improving patient health and morale.Aid in improving patient health and morale.

______________________________________________________________________________

EXER-STATIONEXER-STATION

AimsAims

1 hour of Exer-Station =1 hour of Exer-Station =

20 minute Brisk Walk 20 minute Brisk Walk OROR

4 minute Sprint 4 minute Sprint OROR

Approximately 86 Calories!Approximately 86 Calories!

Design of EXER-STATIONDesign of EXER-STATION

Consists of 3 main components:Consists of 3 main components:

1.1. Device:Device:

I.I. WheelWheel

II.II. Trainer:Trainer:i.i. StructureStructure

ii.ii. ResistanceResistance

III.III. GeneratorGenerator

2.2. CircuitCircuit

3.3. ControllerController

•Up/Down commands of the Left analog stick will be replaced by pedal motion.•All other commands will remain intact and function through hand controller.

Controller

• Each analog stick controlled by two 10K pots.

• 3 pins of pot are: i) Ground, ii) Signal, iii) 3.44V source.

• At Center, signal = 1.72V, (range 1.35V - 2.05V)

• At max Up, signal = 3.15V

• At max Down, signal = .5V

Device: Wheel

• United 24-inch Adult Trainer, Item # UNU24AT-27.

• diameter = 24”• crank arm length = 6”

• Volare Mag Trainer w/Elastogel and Remote.• Magnetic resistance unit with 5 different levels of adjustment.• Resistance shaft diameter = 1.25”

Device: Trainer & Resistance

• w = 27 lbs• d1 = 14”• d2 = 17”• h = 30”• l1 = 2”• l2 = 8”• h = 30”• c = 17.5”

Output from generator will be smoothed, summed, and scaled via the circuit to produce a DC current from 0.5V to 3.15V for maximum down/up motion of left analog stick, respectively.

Device: DC Generator

• RadioShack hobby motor, model# 273-255.• 12V DC motor.• 1.3A @ 11,500 rpm.• Produces 350mV per 100 rpm.• Coupled with shaft of resistance.

Circuit

The final setup will look something like this.The final setup will look something like this.

Additional ParametersAdditional Parameters

Pedaling speed Range: 40rpm – 120rpm Pedaling speed Range: 40rpm – 120rpm Below 40:- Strains jointsBelow 40:- Strains joints Above 120:- Efficiency falls offAbove 120:- Efficiency falls off

Ratio of wheel to resistance shaft rpm : Ratio of wheel to resistance shaft rpm : ππ * d * dwheel : wheel : ππ * d * drsrs

24 : 1.2524 : 1.25

20 : 120 : 1

Actual ratio 18-14:1 (due to frictional slips).Actual ratio 18-14:1 (due to frictional slips).

ResultsResults

Kids play ≈ 6 hours/dayKids play ≈ 6 hours/day

Use ≈ 100 Calories/hourUse ≈ 100 Calories/hour

Expend ≈ 600 Calories/day!!!Expend ≈ 600 Calories/day!!!

Game PlayGame Play

Design and Tested To Work Design and Tested To Work Best w/ Motion Games such Best w/ Motion Games such as 007 Agent under fire.as 007 Agent under fire.

Or Simple Maneuver such as Or Simple Maneuver such as Pac-ManPac-Man

TIME CHARTTIME CHART

December January February March April

Preliminary research

Extensive research

Feedback

Design

Prototype

Testing

Work RemainingWork Remaining

Safety IssuesSafety IssuesAestheticsAestheticsPerf-boardingPerf-boardingHardwiringHardwiringPlaying, playing, and more playing.Playing, playing, and more playing.

BUDGETBUDGET $400 Initial Budget $400 Initial Budget (from Dr. Summar)(from Dr. Summar)

Playstation II Console ($200)Playstation II Console ($200) Multiple Controllers ($75)Multiple Controllers ($75) Three Games ($150)Three Games ($150)

Additional $350 Requested Additional $350 Requested (from Dr. King’s Grant)(from Dr. King’s Grant) Leg Activated ElementsLeg Activated Elements

Unicycle ($125)Unicycle ($125) Mag. Trainer ($150)Mag. Trainer ($150) DC Generator ($25)DC Generator ($25) WiresWires LEDsLEDs ChipsChips Circuit BoardCircuit Board

Decorative Design/ AestheticsDecorative Design/ Aesthetics MiscellaneousMiscellaneous

Concept to MarketConcept to Market

Issues to be addressed first:Issues to be addressed first:SizeSizeAdjustabilityAdjustabilityPower sourcePower sourcePricePrice

MARKET POTENTIALMARKET POTENTIAL

Ages 8+Ages 8+ Hospital PatientsHospital Patients Obese IndividualsObese Individuals Individuals concerned about fitnessIndividuals concerned about fitness General Video Game AudienceGeneral Video Game Audience

ADVISORSADVISORS

Paul H. King, PhD., P.E.:Paul H. King, PhD., P.E.: -Associate Professor of Biomedical -Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Vanderbilt.Engineering at Vanderbilt.-Associate Professor of Mechanical -Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Vanderbilt.Engineering at Vanderbilt.-Associate Professor of Anesthesiology at -Associate Professor of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt.Vanderbilt.-Instructor of the senior Biomedical -Instructor of the senior Biomedical Engineering design course at Vanderbilt.Engineering design course at Vanderbilt.

Marshall Summar, M.D.:Marshall Summar, M.D.:-Associate Professor of Pediatrics at -Associate Professor of Pediatrics at Vanderbilt.Vanderbilt.-Associate Professor of Molecular -Associate Professor of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics at Vanderbilt.Physiology & Biophysics at Vanderbilt.

VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY-lab space-machine shop-research facilities-software-help purchase necessary tools/equipment

SECOND BASE-back-up location when primary lab not available

RESOURCES