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7/1/2013
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Fabio Remondino1, Alessandro Rizzi1, Belen Jimenez1,
Giorgio Agugiaro1, Giorgio Baratti1, Raffaele De Amicis2
(1) 3D Optical Metrology (3DOM)
Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK)
Trento, Italy
http://3dom.fbk.eu
Email: [email protected]
(2) Graphitech, Trento, Italy
THE ETRUSCANS IN 3D:
FROM SPACE TO UNDERGROUND
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D 2
ETRUSCAN 3D Project
3D surveying and modeling of different Etruscan heritage sites and objects for:
Documentation and digital conservation
Restoration purposes
Digital contents for multimedia exhibitions
Archaeological studies
From space to underground: 3D data collection and visualization from landscape scale
(territory, heritage site, archaeological area) to object scale (tomb, relief, artifact)
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D 3
The Etruscan: a bit of history…
Civilization of ancient Italy in the area corresponding roughly to the actual Tuscany
800 B.C. to ca 200 B.C.
Earliest urban civilization in the northern Mediterranean area
Architectures influenced by the Greek style
Figurative art with sculptures, cast bronze, wall paintings, etc.
Large necropolises with thousands of underground tombs
Tumuli (burial mounds) featuring carvings on the walls
outstanding quality paintings
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
A bit of history…
Hanting and Fishing tomb Auguri tomb Fustigazione tomb
Capitel tomb Banditaccia’s Necropoli Typical dromos
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D 5
3D surveying and modeling = complex system of decisions, processes and representations
Specifications / Requirements
Project design / Planning
Data acquisition
Data representation
Data processing
3D Surveying and Modeling Project
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D 6
Complex system of decisions, processes and representation
Specifications / Requirements
Project design / Planning
Data acquisition
Data representation
Data processing
ETRUSCAN 3D Project
7/1/2013
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D 7
Specifications / Requirements
Project design / Planning
Data acquisition
Data representation
Data processing
Complex system of decisions, processes and representation
ETRUSCAN 3D Project
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D 8
Specifications / Requirements
Project design / Planning
Data acquisition
Data representation
Data processing
Complex system of decisions, processes and representation
ETRUSCAN 3D Project
7/1/2013
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Specifications / Requirements
Project design / Planning
Data acquisition
Data representation
Data processing
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Complex system of decisions, processes and representation
ETRUSCAN 3D Project
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Specifications / Requirements
Project design / Planning
Data acquisition
Data representation
Data processing
10
Complex system of decisions, processes and representation
ETRUSCAN 3D Project
7/1/2013
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Field Campaigns & Data Acquisition
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3 field campaigns (2009, 2010, 2011) in the main necropolises and museums
TOF laser scanning for the geometric modeling
Tomb of the Monkey: 6 scans, avg 5 mm sampling step, 41 M points, 3 M polygons
Tomb of the Augurs: 2 scans, avg 1 cm sampling step, 6 M points, 400K polygons
High resolution images (Vis, UV and IR) for texturing, image-based rendering and restoration
Ca 50 panoramic images (ca 45 images per pano)
Hunting and Fishing Tomb: more than 100 HDR images
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Data Processing & 3D Models Generation
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Range data (point clouds):
registration, merging, overlap reduction, meshing, editing, filling holes, texture mapping
rendering & visualization
Tomb of the Monkey: 3 M polygons
Tomb of the Augurs: 400K polygons
Image data:
Radiometric adjustment, 2D-3D registration, editing, texture mapping
Visualization:
Offline rendering based on pre-defined paths
Mono- and stereoscopic (anaglyph) visualization
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Data processing & Virtual Tour realization
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Radiometric correction of the acquired images
Panorama generation (stitching + editing)
Panorama linking
Extra contents insertion
Web visualization
2D / 3D visualization
Material for exhibition and educational purposes
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Data processing & Geo-browser realization
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Geographic information System to contextualize the Etruscan population and its territory
Geo-Browser application based on open-source remote sensing data and visualization tools
App linked to an external database containing archaeological and cultural information
Hot spots to visualize information
Tool for communication and educational purposes
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Data processing & Geo-browser realization
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Archaeological & Architectural Analyses
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Sections, plans, maps, exploded visualization, etc.
[Steingraeber, 1985]
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Archaeological & Architectural Analyses
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From the books we learn that the Etruscan tombs were a reflection of
the Etruscan houses (in terms of shapes / geometry)
Geometric analyses of the inner wall
Results underline that each inner wall has practically the same
inclination value and that the inclination is oriented toward the inside
of the room
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Archaeological & Architectural Analyses
Thanks to reality-based 3D models it is moreover possible to derive precise metric
measures, not only in linear terms as distances from point to point, but also areas and
volumes (excavation volumes, amount of collapsed areas, etc.)
Actual roof situation Virtually reconstructed roof → Collapsed part: 0.8 m3
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
painting
Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings (in collaboration with Art-Test, Firenze, Italy)
Preservation & Conservation issues
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Preservation & Conservation issues
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Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings
VIS
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Preservation & Conservation issues
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Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings
IR
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Preservation & Conservation issues
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Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings
color UV
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Preservation & Conservation issues
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Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings
identification of pre-existing figures now disappeared
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Preservation & Conservation issues
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visible
Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Preservation & Conservation issues
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Color infrared
Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Preservation & Conservation issues
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Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings
Ultraviolet
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings
Visible Reflectance NIR Reflectance
UV visible Fluorescence
- Application to import the registered images (tensor) and
derive the spectral reflectance curves (“spectral firma”)
or segment areas with similar material or localize
restoration interventions
Preservation & Conservation issues
Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Original Red Restoration Red
Multi-spectral imaging (IR & fluorescence UV) integrated with 3D reliefs to derive quantitative
information and study mural paintings
Preservation & Conservation issues
Spectral firma to distinguish
materials or identify
restoration interventions
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
Augmented Reality application
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Application for augmented reality visualization of 3D modeled museums objects (in
collaboration with No-Real, Torino, Italy)
User selects an object and manipulate a target in front of a webcam
Virtual appearance of the digital artifact in your hand
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Multimedia museum exhibition
in collaboration with Historia, Italy
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
3D surveying and modeling project not only for documentation and conservation
issues
Reality-based 3D models used for multimedia exhibition, archaeological and
architectural analyses, geo-visualization, conservation and restoration policies,
communication and educational purposes, etc.
3D models are unfortunately not yet the state-of-the-art in the heritage field
Open issues:
Automation….where do we stand?
How do we store / preserve 3D surveying data for the future?
Which is the right (technical) solution to share 3D data?
How do we critically compare optical 3D measurement techniques without a
common terminology for the sensors specifications?
Conclusions and Outlook
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Fabio Remondino – THE ETRUSCAN in 3D
…Thank you…
Fabio Remondino
Email: [email protected] – Web: http://3dom.fbk.eu 32