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The engineering needed for particle physics
by Steve Myers
Philosophical Transactions AVolume 370(1973):3887-3923
August 28, 2012
©2012 by The Royal Society
The history of accelerators.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Schematic layout of CERN's accelerator complex.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
LHC beam pipe with vacuum pumping slots.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Acceleration principle and some cavities.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Particle motion in a bending field and cross section of an LHC dipole.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Quadrupolar field and cross section of an LHC quadrupole.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Exploded diagrams of the (a) ATLAS and (b) CMS detectors.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
The inclination of the LHC tunnel.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Civil engineering implementation of the LEP/LHC tunnel, showing (a) underground works and (b) surface buildings of LHC project.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
CMS Cavern (courtesy of J. Osborne).
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Evolution of CERN installed cryogenic power (courtesy of L. Tavian).
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Cryogenics footprint and schematic of plants.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Large cryogenic helium refrigerators (33 kW at 50–75 K, 23 kW at 4.6–20 K; 41 g s−1 liquefaction) (courtesy of L. Tavian).
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Plots of phase space structure near fifth order (a) without and (b) with a nonlinear element (courtesy of W. Herr and E. Forest).
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Photographs of conventional magnets in many accelerator projects (courtesy of D. Tommasini).
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
(a) Dipole magnet artist's impression and (b) LHC dipole standard cross section.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Coil distribution and field lines.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
The superconducting cable for the LHC magnets; a total of 7000 km of cable was used (courtesy of L. Rossi).
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Six-pulse thyristor rectifier (courtesy of F. Bordry and J.-P.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Switch-mode power converter with high-frequency transformer (courtesy of F. Bordry and J.-P.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Switch-mode power converter with 50 Hz transformer (courtesy of F. Bordry and J.-P. Burnet).
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
SPS powering system: (a) 200 MHz tetrode amplifiers and (b) 800 MHz klystrons.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
(a) Radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) and (b) drift-tube linac (DTL).
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
Photograph of one of the travelling wave cavities of the SPS. (Online version in colour.).
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
LHC point 4: (a) 400 MHz SC cavities and (b) LHC RF power plant in the underground cavern.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
(a) Schematic of the transverse damping system and (b) photograph of damper kickers in tunnel.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society
(a) The stored energy and (b) the density of stored energy versus the beam momentum for various accelerators.
Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370:3887-3923
©2012 by The Royal Society