The Effects of Sidr in Bangladesh

REPORT ON THE EFFECTS OF SIDR IN BANGLADESH: A CASE

STUDY ON DAKUA UNION OF GALACHIPA UPZILLA IN PATUAKHALI DISTRICT

Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDumki, Patuakhali

THE EFFECTS OF SIDR IN BANGLADESHPage 1

SUBMITTED TO

M. Kazi Tamim RahmanLecturer

Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural SociologyFaculty of Business Administration and Management

SUBMITTED BY

Group: 05 (liberty) Level: 03; Semester: 01

Faculty of Business Administration and Management

01 Md. Mofizer Rahaman Member 12 00671

02 Dipayan Chakma Member 17 00676

03 K.M. Assaduzzaman Member 06 00665

04 Tanjia Sultana Member 10 00669

05 Azmery Khanam Member 20 00679

06 Shofiq Uddin Khan Member 23 00682

Socio-Economic Study of BangladeshCourse code: AES-326


Date of Submission:, 2008Patuakhali Science and Technology University

Dumki, Patuakhali

THE EFFECTS OF SIDR IN BANGLADESH: A CASE STUDY ON DAKUA UNION OF GALACHIPA UPZILLA

IN PATUAKHALI DISTRICT


Table of contents-

Chapter 1: Introduction 01-02

1.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 011.2 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 02

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 03

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY 04-05

CHAPTER 4: CYCLONE SIDR AND ITS EFFECT 09-16

4.1 CYCLONE “SIDR” IN BANGLADESH 064.2 CATEGORY OF THE CYCLONE “SIDR” 074.3 DEATH CAUSED BY “SIDR” 074. 4 BUILDING “SIDR” 084.5 IMPACT OF SIDR AS A WHOLE 09-104.6 AIDS TO MITIGATE THE AFFECT OF SIDR 104.7 SUPPORT OF HOME AND ABROAD TO RELIEF THE SIDR DAMAGE 11 4.8 PLAN ON THE GROUND ASSISTING WOMEN AND CHILDREN IN THE AFTERMATH OF CYCLONE SIDR 12-13

CHAPTER 5: AFFECTS OF SIDR AND THE SOCIO ENONOMIC

CHANGES AT DAKUA UNION IN GALACHIPA UPAZILA

OF PATUAKHALI DISTRICT. 14-21

5.1 SOCIO ECONOMIC FACTORS 15-165.2 CHANGES IN SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS 16-215.3 REHABILITATION PROGRAMS 22-245.4 OTHER GENERAL INFORMATION 25-28


CHAPTER-06 29-33

6.1 FINDINGS 29-306.2 CONCLUSION 316.3 RECOMMENDATION 326.4 REFERENCE 33CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

With the approach of Cyclone Sidr to the Bangladesh coast, officials were able to warn the public so that over 650,000 people could evacuate the path of destruction. This was inspite of a lack of proper infrastructure and undeveloped transportation network. The number of people who have died is over 3000, but this is far less than in the 1991 Bangladesh Cyclone when 140,000 people lost their lives.

After Sidr food packs and hot meals were distributed to the people, and thousands of packs of sanitary items and utensils were also distributed to remote areas on the island. Mineral water was also distributed. This took time as the road infrastructure was not ideal, and access to other villages was through motor launches.

In order to help the villagers get back on their own feet, water treatment units were distributed which will help them produce safe water locally for months without reliance on battled water. The roofs of local schools were repaired to allow the education process to begin again. Then different NGO and government emphasis to rehabilitation phase.


1.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

Natural disaster in Bangladesh is common. It hampers the total national income, the GDP, in employment, and also to the overall economy of the country. So it is very much important. Under these circumstances, we have identified some objectives of the study. The objectives are as follows-

To identify the present situation of Sidr affected area. To identify the change in employment condition.To know about the current socio-economic condition.To know about the rehabilitation program organized by different organization.To identify the change in income scenario of that region.To gather some knowledge about Sidr and its effect. To know about the people by whom the benefited most after Sidr.

1.2 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

There was limitation of time. Due to shortage of time, the study could not include a large number of affected people. Again to get satisfactory and reliable data sufficient time was needed. But the data were collected and analyzed within very short time.The data which have been collected may not be free from error.Necessary data were collected from a limited area covering small numbers of samples. Result obtained from 25 samples may be inadequate.


CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Review of literature is very much important in any type of research report. It shows the past researched analysis. The past researched analysis helps the newer one to compare with the current situation.

“The effects of Sidr in Bangladesh: a case study on Dakua union of Galachipa Upzilla in Patuakhali district.” There are some fewer reports around us.

In 16 December 2007: Public health situation at a glance super cyclone sidr: Bangladesh, John McHarris, NDSC Program Office, BAN - EHA Team, WHO.

In 25 February 2008: Bangladesh: Cyclone Sidr food and non food relief operation, Dr Kazi A.H.M Akram, Dhaka Press Release, U.S. Embassy.

In September 12, 2008: Dr. Jeff Masters, Cyclone Sidr hits Bangladesh, researcher, WHO.

December 29, 2007: Prof. Ajoy K. Roy, Horrifying Experience: A visit to coastal areas in Khepupara-Kolapara Upazila, scientist and human rights activist from Bangladesh, member of Mukto-Mona advisory board.

In November 23, 2007: M.G.Rabbany Sujan, How we can help the cyclone sidr affected people, journalist, USA.


CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

Importance of methodology in conducting any research can hardly be over emphasized. Improper methodology very often leads to erroneous result. So methodology in any systematic study deserves careful consideration.

3.1 SELECTION OF SAMPLE

In a complete survey, the required in formation is collected from each and every element of the population. But it become costly and time consuming. So it is necessary to select samples. The sample should be representative. Otherwise the purpose of preparing the report will be invalid. We consider Dakua Union of Galachipa Upzilla in Patuakhali district to select samples.

3.2 SAMPLE TYPE

Sample type is also important for preparing a good report. Our sample type is region base such as Dakua Union of Galachipa Upzilla in Patuakhali district

3.3 SAMPLE AREA


The area of taking sample is also played an important role to make any kind of report. Our report is mainly based on Dakua Union of Galachipa Upzilla in Patuakhali district . In terms of taking sample and collecting data we don’t consider the other regions or divisions or districts.

3.4 DATA COLLECTION

Collection of accurate and reliable data and other necessary information from the field level is not an easy work. It must be done in a reliable, proper and systematic way. We have collected the data from the personal contact with the people in the field with the help of interview schedule.

The secondary data are collected from internet, newspaper, and so on.

3.5 TIME OF THE STUDY

This repot is made for the partial fulfillment of our course Socio-Economic Study of Bangladesh. We have started to prepared this report at the end of our semester. So we don’t have sufficient time to prepare it.


CHAPTER 4: CYCLONE SIDR AND ITS EFFECT

4.1 Cyclone “Sidr” in Bangladesh

Hurricane Sidr hit the coasts of Bangladesh around 5:45 PM on 15 November at a speed of 180km in the Sundarbans coasts and Mongla port, Khepupara, Dublar Char, and Hiron Point in Khulna district.

Hundreds are feared dead with a large number of people missing in the islands and on the coasts, an estimated 300 in Patharghata alone. An unknown number of fishermen, tourists and others are lost and/or stranded in the islands. The cyclone has resulted in an estimated 4,000 deaths and the displacement of over three million people.


Cyclone Sidr hits area

4.2 Category of the cyclone “sidr”

Cyclone Sidr was the strongest named cyclone in the Bay of Bengal. The fourth named storm of the 2007 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Sidr formed in the central Bay of Bengal, and quickly strengthened to reach peak 1-minute sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mp/h), which would make it a Category-5 equivalent tropical cyclone on the Saffir-Simpson Scale. The storm eventually made landfall in Bangladesh on November 15, 2007.

4.3 Death caused by “Sidr”


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_15

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffir-Simpson_Hurricane_Scale

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_North_Indian_Ocean_cyclone_season

The storm caused large-scale evacuations here. 3,447 deaths were blamed on the storm. Save the Children estimated the number of deaths to be between 5,000 and 10,000, while the Red Crescent Society reported on November 18 that the number of deaths could be up to 10,000. International groups pledged US$95 million to repair the damage, which was estimated at $1.7 billion (2007 USD).

4.4 Building “Sidr”


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_18

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Crescent_Society

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Save_the_Children

Storm surge forecasted on November 14th by numerical model.

As it intensified to a Category 4-equivalent cyclone on November 15, thousands of emergency officials were put on standby in eastern India and Bangladesh in advance of the storm's arrival. Forecast heights of the storm surge predicted by a numerical model developed by Dr. Hassan Mashriqui (Louisiana State University) was communicated to the emergency response authorities in Bangladesh, prompting a massive evacuations of low-lying coastal areas. A total of 2 million people in Bangladesh evacuated to emergency shelters. The Indian Metrological Department (IMD) also issued a cyclone alert for Orissa and West Bengal on November 14. In Bangladesh, an emergency cabinet meeting decided to withdraw weekly leave for the government officials to join the evacuation process. Over 40,000 Red Cross volunteers were deployed to order residents in the 15 affected provinces into special cyclone and flood shelters. The main ports have been closed.

4.5 Impact of Sidr as a whole


Caused by Sidr

Coastal districts of Bangladesh faced heavy rainfall as an early impact of the cyclone. Dhaka and other parts of Bangladesh experienced drizzle and gusty winds. Total damages came close to $450 million.

Tidal waves reaching up to a height of 3 metres (9.8 ft) were reported in the coastal areas of north Chennai in southern state of Tamil Nadu in India, triggering panic among the fishing community.

The damage in Bangladesh was extensive, including tin shacks flattened, houses and schools blown away and enormous tree damage. Some local officials have described the damage as being even worse than that from the 1991 cyclone. The entire cities of Patuakhali, Barguna and Jhalokati District were hit hard by the storm surge of over 5 meters (16 ft). About a quarter of the world heritage site Sunderbans were damaged. Researchers said mangrove forest Sunderban will take at least 40 years to recover itself from this catastrophe. Much of the capital city of Dhaka was also severely affected, as electricity and water service were cut and significant damage was reported there due to winds and flooding. The local agricultural industry was also devastated, as many rice crops - which have a December harvest - were lost.

At least 3,447 deaths have been reported. The hardest-hit area was Barguna, where 423 people were reported to have been killed according to local officials. Patuakhali was also hard-hit, with 385 deaths reported. Most of the deaths confirmed thus far were due to the winds, although 13 of them have been as a result of capsized boats in the Faridpur district of Bangladesh. The head of the Red


http://bdoza.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/hurricane-sidr-2.jpg

Crescent in Bangladesh expects the death toll to reach as high as 10,000. Over 3,000 other fishermen were reported missing on over 500 fishing boats.

4.6 Aids to mitigate the affect of Sidr

Bangladeshi citizens lining up for aid boats Aids received by the affected people

Cyclone Sidr slammed the highly vulnerable low lying densely populated coastal areas of Bangladesh with heavy rain, winds of up to 120 miles/hr, and a storm surge. Sidr may be the strongest cyclone to hit the country since a cyclone killed over 143,000 Bangladeshis in 1991. Although, the death from Sidr number in the hundreds but damage to homes, crops and livelihoods could be extensive. Under a Cyclone Preparedness Program, volunteers evacuated at least 600,000 Bangladeshis in the path of the storm. Many are housed in 1,800 multipurpose disaster shelters built along the coast. Relief organizations are distributing seven-day emergency disaster kits of food, blankets and clothing for evacuated families.

Since 1991, the donor community, including the US and EC, has supported disaster-preparedness to mitigate the impact of tropical storms and improve post-disaster relief and reconstruction. Cyclone walls planted within trees are in place to protect vulnerable areas from storm surges. Disaster shelters on stilts housing refugees plus early warning systems and timely evacuations appear to have greatly reduced the fatalities from Sidr. It did kill 3,447 people, but this was much less than the 140,000 that died in 1991.

4.7 Support of home and abroad to relief the sidr damage


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Cyclone_Sidr_-_US_Navy_Aid.jpg

Houses damaged by the cyclone

After the storm, 18 Bangladesh Air Force helicopters and five Bangladesh Navy ships were immediately dispatched with food, medicine, and relief supplies for the hardest-hit areas. Saudi Arabia also donated US$100 million to the relief effort as the country's largest relief sum ever. The European Commission also released €1.5 million (US$2.4 million) in emergency relief to Bangladesh. The United States, through the U.S. Agency for International Development, has pledged more than US$14.4 million in emergency assistance, including more than US$10 million in food assistance from the U.S. Food for Peace program. The United States Navy also released over 3,500 Marines aboard USS Kearsarge and USS Essex and USS Tarawa to aid in the recovery efforts.

Other agencies quickly followed in providing aid. World Vision released volunteers to help house more than 20,000 people left homeless. The Red Cross also brought a significant presence, while assessments of the damage were underway. Bangladesh Red Crescent Society initially asked 400 million Taka to the international community. As part of the Bangladeshi cricket team's tour in New Zealand, a charity Twenty20 match was held with all funds raised going to the victims. In addition, the International Cricket Council donated US$250,000 to the funds at the start of the match.

People of the cyclone affected area are having severe health problems as diseases like diarrhea spread due to shortage of drinking water. The landfall of Sidr had followed the devastation caused by consecutive floods earlier in 2007.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sidr_damage.jpg

4.8 Plan on the ground assisting women and children in the aftermath of cyclone Sidr

November 19, 2007 – Cyclone Sidr has left behind a trail of devastation affecting the lives of at least 4 million people, and leaving a path of damaged houses, uprooted trees, destroyed schools, flattened crops, dead livestock, contaminated streams and ponds, and disrupted road links. The storm has left more than 3,000 dead – a number that rises with every passing hour.

Of the total lives lost to Sidr, 40 per cent are believed to be children. Many of the children that have survived are now orphans. Children under five, pregnant women, new mothers and the elderly are the people most seriously affected.

The number of victims is expected to rise dramatically as rescue crews and aid workers make their way to remote areas and islands. Hope is fading for finding survivors from missing ships, trawlers and fishing boats that were swept away. Thousands of people are still living in the open with no food, drinking water or medicine. The threat of disease outbreak is rising.

Plan is on the ground, actively working to ease the pain for children and their families in Bangladesh. Plan teams will help 50,000 people, including women and children living in Barisal, Barguna and Patuakhali districts, which faced the eye of the storm when it hit.

Plan will be distributing food and other items such as:

• Medicine• Household kits (including plastic sheeting)• Blankets• Soap• Kitchen equipment and utensils • Water purification tablets• Hygiene items• Zinc sheeting, timber and construction materials for shelter.

Plan will also be mobilizing community members to dig temporary sanitation facilities, and Plan will begin psychosocial support training for school teachers to ensure that children are supported in this difficult time. Throughout all of this, Plan will continue coordinating with other partners to have the greatest impact on the children, families and communities of Bangladesh.



CHAPTER 5

Affects of sidr and the socio enonomic changes

at Dakua Union in Galachipa Upazila

of patuakhali district.


5.1 Socio economic factor

Here we have collected data about the professional, educational, and the working area migration and change. It was a great cyclone. For many people it changed the whole life of that person.

Profession/occupation

Professional change was not found significantly. Very few people changed their profession. Though the Sidr don’t change the profession of people but it has changed the level of profession. We have found some people who had a large business of fisheries. Sidr has destructed his all volume of business. After sidr they have started it with a smaller one with small capital. But the service holders need not to change their profession. We have found that 28% people who are engaged in business, 28% service holder, 8% fisherman and 36% are in other profession.

Education

Education is the backbone of a nation. By education a nation can achieve high status and better condition. But many school and collages was damaged by Sidr. A great percentage of students were died by the disaster and so many students dropped out from their education life for want of money. So Sidr enforced a great lose in educational sector of our country.

Working area

Our country is a 3rd world country. Huge portion of people are poor and live by hand to mouth. By Sidr trees were uprooted, houses were destroyed, working area of many people was blocked and many people lose their temporary jobs.


Table no.1 Socio economic factors

Sex Age Family Occupation EducationMale

Female

20-30

31-40

41-50

51-60+

3 4 5 6 Business

Services holder

Fishermen

Others

Under S.S.C

H.S.C

Higher

Total 19 6 1 12 8 4 10 10 4 1 7 7 2 9 13 8 4

Percentage 76 24 4 48 32 16 40 40 16 4 28 28 8 36 52 32 16

5.2 Changes in socioeconomic factors

Income

By income a family meets their daily needs. In a family 1 or 2 people earn money for their family. But by the cause of Sidr many people lose their jobs and working area. So a great people fall into a big people. Because they have no earning source after facing a big cyclone like Sidr. We have gathered information about the income level of people of that region and it is upto 4000-20000 tk. They have several sources of income. Such as- agriculture, fisheries, poultry, cattle bearing, business, service, others.

Agriculture

We have found many people or most of the people who are more or less engaged in agriculture. Most of the people are poor. Some of them have no agriculture land of them or very insignificant amount of land. But Sidr also affected here. Most of the people have sold a portion of their agricultural land for want of money. Very few rich people don’t need to sell their agricultural land. We have found that the net change in agricultural income is decreased. With in the 25 people about 28% of them have lost a portion of their agricultural land.


Fisheries

Fisheries are a great sector of income of the people in this part. Many people are engaged in this activity. Here the fisher man catch fish and sell it in the local and national market. Sidr made a huge damage in this part. Many people have lost their instruments. Here we also found net decrease of income. About 24% have in a decreasing position of income from fisheries.

Poultry

The people of Dakua also depend on poultry for their income. But Sidr made a great hampered in their poultry business. A large number of poultry was washed away in Sidr. For that many owners have to change the level of their business. About 12.5% of them have decreased their income from poultry.

Cattle bearing

Most of the people of Dakua Union have some cattle’s. Some of them use their cattle for business and some of them use cattle for own purpose. Both these type of people faced a great damage by Sidr. This decreases their income level. About 16% people’s income level is decreased by the Sidr. And the other are remain unchanged.

Business

Many people do business in many ways in Dakua Union. They have shops, hotels, fish business, net business, poultry business etc. many of them have lost their infrastructure. Many of them were fully depend on business for their income. And an average of 24% people’s income level has been decreased and 4% people’s income levels were increased and others are remained unchanged.

Service

There are some government office, private office and some NGOs in which a portion of people doing their work. But for Sidr some people lost their job because some private office building collapsed and they did not run further or they reduce their salary. In about 4% people’s income level has been decreased of service holder.


Others

Others occupation includes some rickshaw puller, hawker, and some other profession. This type of people also lost their instrument by the destruction of the Sidr. Among the 25person we have found 4% whose income was decreased by the destruction of Sidr.

Changes in income level

agriculturefisheries poultrycattle bearingbusinessserviceothers

Figure 1: Changes in income level

Table 2: Changes in socio economic factors (Income)

Agriculture

Fisheries

Poultry

Cattle bearing

Business

Service

Others

Total 7 6 3 4 6 1 1

Percentage 28 24 12.5 16 24 4 4


ASSET

House hold

House hold means the area in which the people live. We have found some poor people who are in scarcity in agricultural land and a few house hold area, in where they have to lead a very measurable life. But no way after Sidr when they have lost every thing and nothing to do then they sold some of the portion of their house hold. And we have found 8% of them have sold the portion of their house hold.

Agricultural land

Many people sold their agricultural land to meet their current needs after Sidr. And we have found a 28% people who have sold their agricultural land.

Ponds

The most of the family of Dakua have a pond each. But we found no change amount of pond assets before and after Sidr.

House

The Sidr of 2007 had a great speed that washed a large number of houses. Mostly the poor people faced the problem very much. We have found a percentage of 44% people who have lost their house.

Cattle

Here the people of Dakua use their cattle for two purpose, for their business and own purpose. A large number of cattle were washed away by Sidr. Some people who are dependent on their cattle faced in a huge problem of their living. We have found 20% of cattle were washed away by the Sidr.

Poultry

Poultry business is a popular term now-a-days. Here in Dakua it was a rising asset for the every income level of people. But the poultry sectors were badly damaged for Sidr. An about 16% poultry firm was damaged by the Sidr.


Tree

The largely affected and destroyed asset by the Sidr was the trees. We have found no families who have not lost more or less trees. For these reason they are now a great loss. They are now depriving of food, fuel, money from the trees. And about 88% families have lost a significant amount of trees.

Boat and net

Boat and net are very much important for fishing. Many people in the Dakua are engaged in fishing. Without boat and net it is absurd to collect fish. But for the strong wind many of them lost their boat as well as net. For this though they have willingness they can’t catch fish without their boat and net. And the country is loosing its total income. There were about 24% people who have lost their boat and net.

Cash taka

Some people also lost some of their cash taka. And about 28% people have lost their cash taka.

Table 3: Changes in socio economic factors (Assets)

House

hold

Agricultural land

Pond House Cattle

Poultry

Trees

Boat & net

Cash

taka

Total 2 7 - 11 5 4 22 6 7Percentag

e8 28 - 44 20 16 88 24 28


House hold Agricultural land

House Cattle Poultry Tree Boat & net Cash taka

8%

28%

44%

20%16%

88%

24%28%

Percentage

Figure 2: Changes in assets


5.3 Rehabilitation programs

We have discussed it before that a huge amount of aids came to our country to help the Sidr affected people. It was include the government, local, non-government, and foreign aid. They gave food, medicine, clothing, cash taka, utensils, tin, pure drinking water etc.

Clothing

Most of the NGOS and government institute distributes cloths to the Sidr affected area. About 40% people have taken this aid.

Medicine

Medicine is very important term after any type of cyclone. A large number of injuries take place for cyclone. After Sidr a huge number of people was injured and there was scarcity of medicine. Then many local and foreign medical institution came forward to help the Sidr affected people. An about 96% people of Dakua have taken the medicine as an aid from different institution.

Food

There was a great scarcity of food occurred after the 2nd day of Sidr. People were at a loss what to do. They went here and there for food help. Several NGOs and government took a half yearly program of food supply. And the majority of the people about 76% have taken these aids to live.

Cash

The government of Bangladesh also provides cash for the rehabilitation of the people of Sidr affected area. But this was not for general. This was for the poor people. An about 40% people took the cash for the rehabilitation.

Tin

The government also supply tins for the Sidr affected people to repair their houses. About 52% people have taken this type of aid.


Loan

Loan was essential after the Sidr. Because after Sidr the people has liquid asset to continue their life. For these many government banks and non-government organization such as grameen bank, brac, asha came to provide loan in a very emergency way. And the majority of the people have taken to rebuild their life.

Loan taker

People of Dakua have taken loans to rebuild their house to repurchase boats, nets or to reinvest in their business. About 72% people have taken loan for various purposes.

Loan non-taker

Some people do not take loan from any one. They work hard to rebuild their life. And about 28% people don’t take any kind of loan from any body.

Taker; 72%

Non-taker; 28%

Figure 3: Loan for Rehabilitation program


Table 4: Rehabilitation program

Aid LoanClothin

gMedicine Foo

dCash Tin Taker Non

takerTotal 10 24 19 10 13 18 7

Percentage 40 96 76 40 52 72 28

Clothing Medicine Food Cash Tin Loan0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

40%

96%

76%

40%

52%

72%

Aid for rehabilitation program

Figure 4: Rehabilitation program


5.4 Other general information

Benefited most

The governments of Bangladesh, the non-government organization of Bangladesh (NGO), some individual person come to help the Sidr affected people. The majority people of the Dakua Union beliefs that the NGOs distribute more aids than the government. About 72% people were benefited by the NGOs. The rest 28% was benefited by the government.

Government

Bangladesh is poor country. Government fund is also very small. But for the Sidr affected people government try to help at their level best. They also take precautionary measure before Sidr. We find that almost 28% people got help from the government by cash taka, food, clothing and others.

NGO

Besides government, many NGO worked hard in the time of Sidr. They gave their best effort to support the Sidr affected people. They gave the people food, cloth, cash taka, medicine, tin and others. We find that almost 72% people benefited by the NGOs.

Persons

It is a very rare case that some individual person also helps individually for the Sidr affected people. We saw that the individual person accumulated their aid and then distribute it to the Sidr affected people.

Other

Some other aids were distributed individually for the Sidr affected people.


Government28%

NGO72%

Benefited most

Figure 5: Benefited most

Efficient distributor

In distribution work there was government, non-government, public and army administration was engaged in the distribution of aids. People gathered and expressed different views in considering the efficiency of distribution of these institutions. Mainly we found 2 views. Some people support

Government

In some areas government involved itself directly to distribute the aids to the Sidr affected people.

NGO

NGOs involved themselves directly with the distribution of aids to the Sidr affected people. They did the work in group and ungroup way. Different NGOs named Medicine Sans Frontiers (MSF), Save The Children, Red Cross are the


main NGOs who worked hard for the rehabilitation of the people. And we found that most of the people think that NGOs are efficient enough to distribute the aids.

Army

Bangladesh army is very much efficient to face any type of natural disaster. They always came first to help the affected people. And they always take necessary steps for the people. We found that about 52% people believe that, army are efficient distributor to distribute the aids.

NGO44%

Public administration4%

Army52%

Efficient distribution

Figure 6: Efficient distribution for rehabilitation program

Corruption occurred

In our country, corruption is a common scenario. Almost every sector of our country corruption is seen .Most of the people believe that in distribution process corruption is occurred. And the percentage which we have found that 96% people think that there must be corruption may not be in the distribution process. But it must be in the total process.


Yes96%

No4%

Percentage

Figure 7: Corruption occurred

Table 5: other general information

Benefited most Efficient distributors Corruption occurred

Govt. NGO Persons

Other Govt. organization

NGO Public admin.

Army Yes No

Total 7 18 - - - 11 1 13 24 1

Percentage

28 72 - - - 44 4 52 96 4


CHAPTER-06

6.1 FINDINGS

1. Hurricane Sidr hit the coasts of Bangladesh around 5:45 PM on 15 November.

2. Sidr formed in the central Bay of Bengal, and quickly strengthened to reach peak 1-minute sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mp/h), which would make it a Category-5 equivalent tropical cyclone on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.

3. 3,447 deaths were blamed on the storm.

4. Total damages came close to $450 million.

5. Over 3,000 other fishermen were reported missing on over 500 fishing boats.

6. Saudi Arabia donated US$100 million to the relief effort as the country's largest relief sum ever.

7. The European Commission also released €1.5 million (US$2.4 million) in emergency relief to Bangladesh.

8. People of the cyclone affected area are having severe health problems as diseases like diarrhea spread due to shortage of drinking water.

9. Cyclone Sidr has left behind a trail of devastation affecting the lives of at least 4 million people.

10.Of the total lives lost to Sidr, 40 per cent are believed to be children.

11.With in the 25 people about 28% of them have lost a portion of their agricultural land.

12.About 24% have in a decreasing position of income from fisheries.

13.About 12.5% of them have decreased their income from poultry.

14.From cattle bearing about 16% people’s income level is decreased by the Sidr.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffir-Simpson_Hurricane_Scale

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal

15.From business, average of 24% people’s income level has been decreased and 4% people’s income levels were increased and others are remained unchanged.

16.In about 4% people’s income level has been decreased of service holder for Sidr.

17. About 8% have sold the portion of their house hold.

18. About 28% people who have sold their agricultural land.

19. About 44% people lost their house.

20.We have found 20% of cattle were washed away by the Sidr.

21.An about 16% poultry firm was damaged by the Sidr.

22.And about 88% families have lost a significant amount of trees.

23.There were about 24% people who have lost their boat and net.

24.And about 28% people have lost their cash taka.

25.About 40% people have taken cloth as aid.

26.An about 96% people of Dakua have taken the medicine as an aid from different institution.

27.And the majority of the people about 76% have taken food as aids to live.

28.An about 40% people took the cash for the rehabilitation.

29.About 52% people have taken tin as aid.

30.About 72% people have taken loan for various purposes.

31.About 28% people don’t take any kind of loan from any body.

32.About 72% people were benefited by the NGOs. The rest 28% was benefited by the government.

33.We found that about 52% people believe that, army are efficient distributor to distribute the aids.


6.2 CONCLUSION

The cyclone Sidr made a great harm in the southern part of Bangladesh. A large number of people and livestock were died in Sidr. A great number of trees were destroyed by the Sidr. For the destruction of Sidr many family have to change their profession. Many school going student have to stop their education for want of money. Many business men have lost their business. Most of the fisher men have lost their boat and net. They have to sit idle for want of proper instrument and money. Many poor people have sold their agricultural land for want of food. Many of them have sold their house property. The cattle and poultry industry was fully damaged. It was that situation in which people were at a loss what to do. Then the government, the NGOs, and the other organizations with in an outside of Bangladesh came to save the people. But there was a problem. We don’t have sufficient precautionary measure to protect the people from the cyclone Sidr. On the other hand we don’t have enough cyclone shelters in our southern part. For that the lost of lives were high. Also the people don’t have enough training about how to behave in terms of cyclone. Though we don’t have sufficient facility and money the each and every people of Bangladesh and the organizations outsider of Bangladesh and mostly the armed forces of Bangladesh worked harder for the remedial measures. With the combination of all work forces now we are in a moderate position. It is our high time to take proper steps and policies for future cyclone and other natural disasters.


6.3 RECOMMENDATION

1. Natural disaster is very much familiar with the Bangladesh people. But the awareness level is not in satisfactory level. Government should take proper steps to increase the level of awareness of the people.

2. Though we have various types of natural disaster in our country we don’t have enough shelter centre. So it is crying need for the people of Bangladesh to establish more and more shelter centre.

3. Information plays a vital role in terms of any kind of natural disaster. In the remote area of Bangladesh people don’t have available information centre from which they can gather information’s about disasters. So government should take enough steps for the establishment of this information centre.

4. Many poor people have lost their house in Sidr. But they didn’t receive sufficient aids or loans for their reestablishment. So it should be taken into consideration that the mostly affected people should be given priority in preparing their house.

5. Many people have to sell their agricultural land for want of money. But it is not desirable. Government should take proper steps to stop this kind of activity.

6. Many businessmen have lost their business in Sidr. And even now they can’t start their business for want of money and leading a very measurable life. They should be given enough facilities to start their business.

7. There was a great loss in our fisheries sector after Sidr. But it is a very important sector for our nation income. Government should give their full effort to reestablish this sector other wise we will loss a great amount of foreign and national currency.

8. Trees are our friends. They protect us many natural disaster like cyclone. But in sidr a huge amount of forest was destroyed. So it need tree plantation in that areas.

9. We have found that the people who have taken loans have to paid their loans with a high rate of interest. But it is not expected. Government should take proper steps to provide interest frees loans.

10. We don’t have national disaster management policy. It is must to develop a national disaster policy.


6.4 REFERENCE

Search result from Google, Yahoo, and MSN:

Bangladesh _ Information on Avian Influenza_files.

Bird flu outbreaks in Bangladesh - Pravda_Ru_files.

Bird flu spreads to northwest Bangladesh, birds culled Reuters_files.

Bird flu strikes Bangladesh again DoctorNDTV Health news on Bird flu strikes Bangladesh again_files.

Bird flu strikes farm in northeastern Bangladesh Reuters_files.

India, Bangladesh try to contain bird flu outbreak - The China Post_files.

IRIN Asia Asia Bangladesh BANGLADESH Bird flu “spreading fast”, says expert Avian Flu Early Warning Health & Nutrition News Item_files.

The Hindu International Bangladesh bird flu situation alarming, says official_files.

U_S_ Provides Additional Funding For Avian Flu Fight In India_files

www.mapsofworld.com

Interviews of different people of Dakua Union of Galachipa Upzilla of Patuakhali District.


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Documents

The Effects of Sidr in Bangladesh