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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PICTURE SERIES TOWARD WRITING SCORE OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF MTs MUSLIMAT NU PALANGKA RAYA THESIS Presented to the Language Education Department of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of the State Islamic Institute ofPalangka Raya in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree ofSarjana PendidikanIslam By: TRI LIDYAWATI SRN 1111120715 STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE OF PALANGKA RAYA FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT STUDY PROGRAM OF ENGLISH EDUCATION 1437H /2015M

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Page 1: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PICTURE SERIES TOWARD … fileTHE EFFECTIVENESS OF PICTURE SERIES TOWARD WRITING SCORE OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF MTs MUSLIMAT NU PALANGKA RAYA THESIS Presented

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PICTURE SERIES

TOWARD WRITING SCORE OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF

MTs MUSLIMAT NU PALANGKA RAYA

THESIS

Presented to the Language Education Department of the Faculty of Teacher

Training and Education of the State Islamic Institute ofPalangka Raya

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

the Degree ofSarjana PendidikanIslam

By:

TRI LIDYAWATI

SRN 1111120715

STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE OF PALANGKA RAYA

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

STUDY PROGRAM OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

1437H /2015M

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Alhamdulillah and praise belong to Allah the Almighty, because of

His Blessing and Mercy, the writer is able to accomplish this thesis

entitled: The Effectiveness of Picture Series toward Writing Score of the Eighth

Graders of MTs Muslimat Nu PalangkaRaya.

This thesis is written to fulfill one of the requirements to get title

ofSarjanaPendidikan Islam (S.Pd.I) in the English Education, the Department of

Education, theState Islamic Institute of PalangkaRaya. Many people have

contributed guidance, suggestion, and support to improve the writer’s thesis,

therefore the writer would like to express her greatest gratitude to:

1. Dr. IbnuElmi A.S Pelu, SH., MH., the Director of the State Islamic Institute

of Palangka Raya (IAIN), for his direction and encouragement.

2. Drs. Fahmi, M. Pd, the Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education,

for his permission and encouragement.

3. Dra. Hj. Rodhatul Jennah, M. Pd, the Vice Dean I of Academic, for her

permission and encouragement.

4. Ahmadi, M.S.I.,the Chair of Department of Education, for his agreement so

that the writer can complete the requirements of writing this thesis.

5. Santi Erliana M.Pd, the Secretary of Languange Education Department, for

her agreement.

6. Zaini Miftah, M.Pd., the Chief of the English Education Study Program, for

his guidance and encouragement during the accomplishment of this thesis.

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7. Rahmadi Nirwanto, M.Pd, the first advisor, for his valuable guidance,

suggestion, and encouragement.

8. Zulida Arifa, M.Pd, the second advisor, for her valuable guidance,

suggestion, and encouragement.

9. Rita Sukaesih, S.Pd.,M.Si., the Headmaster of MTs Muslimat Nu Palangka

Raya, for the time and opportunity that have been given during the

accomplishment of this thesis.

10. Trini Roestiani, S.Pd, the English Teacher of MTs Muslimat Nu Palangka

Raya, for the time and opportunity that have given during the

accomplishment of this thesis.

11. All English lecturers and staffs of STAIN PalangkaRaya for their help and

support.

12. All my friends who have helped the accomplishment of this thesis.

The writer realizes that this thesis is not perfect, therefore some

constructive critical and suggestion are warmly welcomed. The writer hopes

that may Allah always keeps us on the straight path, rewards, and blesses us for

what we do and this writing can be useful for all of us.

Palangka Raya, October 6, 2015

The Writer

Tri Lidyawati

SRN.1111120715

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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PICTURE SERIES

TOWARD WRITING SCORE OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF

MTs MUSLIMAT NU PALANGKA RAYA

ABSTRACT

This study isaimed to measure the effectiveness ofpicture seriestoward

writing score of the eighth graders of MTs Muslimat Nu Palangka Raya.

The study included in Quantitative Approach with Quasi Experimentaldesign,

especially non-randomized control group, pre-test and post-test. The problem of

the study was “Do the students taught by Picture Seriesget better writing score

than the students taught without Picture Series?”. The writer designed the

Lesson Plan, conducted the treatment and observed the students’ score by pre-test

and post-test.

The population of study was the eighthgradersofMTs Muslimat Nu

Palangka Raya which consisted of 3 classes that each class consist of 36 students.

The writer chose VIII Aas control class and VIII C experiment class which both

as sample. The sample was determined using cluster random sampling technique.

The writer applied T-test calculation to test the hypothesis to analyze the data.

The result of testing normality found asymptotic significance (0.176) that

was higher than significance level (α= 0.05). It could be concluded the data

distribution was normal. The result of homogeneity showed that the significance

observed (0.259) was higher than (α= 0.05). It could be concluded that the data

was homogeneous.The result of T-test using manual calculation found tobserved

(3.390) and ttableat significance level of 5% (2.00). It meant tobserved>ttable . The

result of T-test using SPSS 16.0 calculation found tobserved (3.127) was higher than

ttable at significance level of 5% (2.00). It was interpreted that the alternative

hypotheses(Ha) stating there is significant effect of picture seriestoward writing

score of the eighth graders of MTs Muslimat Nu Palangka Raya was accepted and

null hypotheses (Ho) stating there is no significant effect of picture seriestoward

writing score of the eighth graders of MTs Muslimat Nu Palangka Raya was

rejected. It is proved the value tobserved was higher than ttable,either at significance

level 5% or 1% (2.00<3.127>2.66). It meant that teaching writing using picture

series gave significant effect on writing score of the eighth graders of MTs

Muslimat Nu Palangka Raya.It is recommended that the teacher apply this media

for teaching writing.

Key Terms: Picture Series, Writing Score

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KEEFEKTIFAN GAMBAR BERSERI

TERHADAP NILAI MENULIS PADA SISWA KELAS DELAPAN

DI MTs MUSLIMAT NU PALANGKA RAYA

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengukur keefektipan gambar berseri

terhadap nilai menulis pada siswa kelas delapan di MTs Muslimat Nu Palangka

Raya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain

eksperimen-semu,tanpa pengacakan, kelompok kontrol, pra-uji-pasca-uji. Peneliti

menyiapakan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran, melakukan pengajaran dan

menghitung nilai siswa dari pra-test hingga pasca-test. Masalah penelitian adalah

“Apakah siswa yang diajarkan menggunakan gambar berseri mempunyai nilai

menulis yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan diajarkan tanpa gambar berseri?”.

Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas delapan dari MTs

Muslimat NU Palangka Raya pada tigakelas, masing-masingterdapat 36 siswa.

Kemudian peneliti memilih kelas VIII A sebagai kelas kontrol dan VIII C sebagai

kelas eksperimen yang keduanya sebagai sampel dengan menggunakan teknik

sample acak Clustering. Peneliti menggunakan T-test untuk menganalisa data.

Hasildaripengujiannormalitasdiperolehnilaiasymptotic significance

(0.176) yang manalebih tinggi dari tingkat signifikan 0.05. Oleh sebab itu dapat

disimpulkan bahwa data distribusi dari penelitian ini adalah normal. Selanjutnya

berdasarkan hasil pengujian homogenitas diperoleh hasil signifikan hitung (0.259)

yang manalebih tinggi dari(α= 0.05). Dari hasil itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa data

penelitian ini memiliki varian yang homogen. Berdasarkan perhitungan

menggunakn T-testpada penghituan manual,diperoleh tobserved (3.390) memiliki

dan ttable pada level signifikan 5% (2.00). Itu bearti tobserved>ttable. Hasil T-test

menggunakan perhitungan SPSS 16.0 diperoleh tobserved(3.127) lebih tinggi dari

ttablepada level signifikan 5% (2.00).Sehinggadapatdisimpulkanbahwa hipotesis

alternatif(Ha) yang menyatakan bahwa ada efek yang signifikan pada gambar

berseri terhadap nilai menulis pada siswa kelas delapan di MTs Muslimat Nu

Palangka Raya dapat diterima dan hipotesis nol (Ho) yang menyatakan bahwa

tidak ada efek yang signifikan pada gambar berseri terhadap nilai menulis pada

siswa kelas delapan di MTs Muslimat Nu Palangka Raya ditolak. Ini terbukti dari

nilai tobservedlebih tinggi dari ttablepadatingkat signifikan 5% atau 1%

(2.00<3.127>2.66). Ini berarti pengajaran menulis dengan menggunakan gambar

berseri memberikan efek yang signifikan terhadap nilai menulis siswa kelas

delapan MTs Muslimat Nu Palangka Raya. Ini dapat direkomendasikan bahwa

guru menerapkan media tersebut dalam mengajar menulis.

IstilahKunci: Gambar Berseri, Nilai Menulis.

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DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICATION

BISMILLAHIRAHMANIRAHIM

I myself make declaration that this thesis entitles: The Effectiveness of Picture

Series Toward Writing Score of The Eighth Graders of MTs Muslimat Nu

Palangka Rayais truly my own writing. If it is not my own writing so, it is given a

citation and shown in the list reference.

If my own declaration is not right in this thesis in one day so, I am ready to

be given academic sanction namely, the cancellation of the degree of this thesis.

Palangka Raya, October 2015

My Own Declaration,

TRI LIDYAWATI

1111120715

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MOTTO

Education is

the most powerful weapon

which we can use to change the world

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DEDICATION

This Thesis Dedication to All of My Special People around Me

1. My Beloved Mother, Nor Khasanah. Thanks for your blessing, praying,

love, motivation and material in finished my study. You are my spirit in

my life. I love you and thank so much.

2. My Beloved Brother and Sister, Eko Nor Budiawan, S.Pd, Milawati, S.Pd,

Dewi Atika and Subhan. Thank you so much for everything that you gave

to me, always cheer me up and never hopeless to me. I love you so much

and I proud to be in this family.

3. Thanks to all My Marvelous Best Friend: Sri Harum Perwani, Yuwinda,

Norma Yuwanti, Galih Ratnasari, and Novi Indri Astuti who always help

me and let me to hold on their hands when I fall and always stand with me

so I could reach my graduation. I love you so much and I am glad to be

your friend.

4. All my friends of English study program at academic year 2011, thank you

so much for your help and support. I am happy to meet you all and to be

part of you.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

PAGE OF COVER ................................................................................... i

APPROVAL OF THE THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTEE .................. ii

OFFICIAL NOTE ..................................................................................... iii

LEGALIZATION OF THE THESIS EXAMINING COMMITTEE ....... iv

ACKNOWLEDGMENT ........................................................................... v

ABSTRACT .............................................................................................. vii

DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICATION ............................................ ix

MOTTO .................................................................................................... x

DEDICATION .......................................................................................... xi

TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................... xii

LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................... xiv

LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................. xvi

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS ..................................... xvii

LIST OF APPENDIX ............................................................................... xviii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study ............................................ 1

B. Problems of the Study .................................................. 7

C. Objective of the Study .................................................. 8

D. Significance of the Study .............................................. 8

E. Scope and Limitation of the Study ............................... 8

F. Variable of the Study ................................................... 9

G. Definition of the Concept ............................................ 9

H. Framework of Discussion ............................................. 10

I. Assumption of the Study .............................................. 11

J. Hypotheses of the Study ............................................... 11

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Previous Studies ............................................................ 12

B. The Nature of Writing

1. Definition of Writing ................................................ 14

2. The Types of Writing ................................................ 16

3. The Writing Process ................................................. 17

4. The Purpose of Writing ........................................... 19

5. Writing Assessment .................................................. 21

C. Recount Text

1. Definition of Recount Text ....................................... 24

2. Kind of Recount Text ............................................... 25

3. Linguistic Features of Recount Text ......................... 25

4. The Example of Recount Text .................................. 26

D. Picture Media in Language Teaching Learning

1. Definition of Picture ................................................. 26

2. Types of Picture ........................................................ 28

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3. Function of Pictures .................................................. 29

4. The Principle of Selecting Picture ........................... 30

5. The Resources of Pictures ........................................ 30

6. Picture Series ............................................................ 31

E. Teaching Writing Recount Text Using Picture ............ 35

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

A. Research type ................................................................ 36

B. Research Design ........................................................... 36

C. Population and Sample

1. Population ................................................................ 38

2. Sample ..................................................................... 39

D. Research Instrument

1. Test Type.................................................................. 39

2. Test Construction ..................................................... 40

E. Data Collection Procedures .......................................... 41

F. Research Instrument Reliability ................................... 42

G. Research Instrument Validity ....................................... 44

H. Data Analysis Procedures

1. Normality Test ......................................................... 46

2. Homogeneity Test .................................................... 46

3. Testing Hypothesis ................................................... 47

CHAPTER IV RESULT FINDING AND DISCUSSION A. Data Presentation ......................................................... 50

B. Result of Data Analysis ................................................ 75

C. Interpretation ................................................................. 82

D. Discussion ..................................................................... 82

CHAPTER V CLOSING A. Conclusion ................................................................... 86

B. Suggestion ..................................................................... 87

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

CURRICULUM VITAE

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LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table 2.1 The Scoring Rubric for the Measurement of Writing Test ...................

23

Table 2.2 Example of Recount Text ..................................................................... 26

Table 3.1 Schema of Quasi Experimental Design ................................................ 38

Table 3.2 The Number of Population .................................................................... 39

Table 3.3 Inter- Rater Coefficient Correlation and Interpretation ........................ 44

Table 4.1 The Description of Pre-Test Score of The Data Achieved bythe Students

in Experiment Class .............................................................................. 51

Table 4.2 The Frequency Distribution of Pre-Test Score by Experiment Class .. 52

Table 4.3 The Calculation of Mean, Median, Modus of the Pre-Test Scores of the

Experiment Class .................................................................................. 53

Table 4.4 The Calculation of the Standard Deviation and the Standard Error of the

Pre-Test Scores of Experiment Class ................................................... 55

Table 4.5 The Table of Calculation of Mean, Median, Modus Standard Deviation,

and Standard Error of Pre-Test Scores of Experiment Class Using SPSS

16.0 Program ........................................................................................ 56

Table 4.6 The Description of Pre-Test Score of The Data Achieved bythe Students

in Control Class .................................................................................... 57

Table 4.7 The Frequency Distribution of Pre-Test Score by Control Class ......... 58

Table 4.8The Calculation of Mean, Median, Modus of the Pre-Test Scores of the

Control Class ........................................................................................ 60

Table 4.9The Calculation of the Standard Deviation and the Standard Error of the

Pre-Test Scores of Control Class .......................................................... 61

Table 4.10The Table of Calculation of Mean, Median, Modus Standard Deviation,

and Standard Error of Pre-Test Scores of Control Class Using SPSS

16.0 Program ........................................................................................ 62

Table 4.11 The Description of Post-Test Score of The Data Achieved bythe

Students in Experiment Class ............................................................... 63

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Table 4.12 The Frequency Distribution of Post-Test Score by Experiment Class 64

Table 4.13 The Calculation of Mean, Median, Modus of the Post-Test Scores of

the Experiment Class ............................................................................

66

Table 4.14 The Calculation of the Standard Deviation and the Standard Error of

the Post-Test Scores of Experiment Class ............................................ 67

Table 4.15 The Table of Calculation of Mean, Median, Modus Standard

Deviation, and Standard Error of Post-Test Scores of Experiment Class

Using SPSS 16.0 Program .................................................................... 68

Table 4.16 The Description of Post-Test Score of The Data Achieved bythe

Students in Control Class .....................................................................

69

Table 4.17 The Frequency Distribution of Post-Test Score by Control Class ...... 71

Table 4.18The Calculation of Mean, Median, Modus of the Post-Test Scores of

the Control Class .................................................................................. 72

Table 4.19The Calculation of the Standard Deviation and the Standard Error of

the Post-Test Scores of Control Class .................................................. 73

Table 4.20The Table of Calculation of Mean, Median, Modus Standard Deviation,

and Standard Error of Post-Test Scores of Control Class Using SPSS

16.0 Program ........................................................................................ 74

Table 4.21Testing Pre-Test Normality of One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test 75

Table 4.22Testing Pre-Test Homogeneity Levene’s Test of Equality of Error

Variances .............................................................................................. 76

Table 4.23Testing Post-Test Normality of One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov

Test ....................................................................................................... 77

Table 4.24Testing Post-Test Homogeneity Levene’s Test of Equality of Error

Variances .............................................................................................. 77

Table 4.25The Standard Deviation and the Error of X1 and X2 ............................ 78

Table 4.26 The Result of T-Test ...........................................................................

80

Table 4.27The Calculation of T-Test Using SPSS 16.0........................................

81

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LIST OF FIGURES

Page

Figure 3.1 Step of Collecting, Data Analysis Procedure and Testing Hypothesis

50

Figure 4.1 The Frequency Distribution of the Pre- test Score of the Experiment

Class ..................................................................................................... 53

Figure 4.2 The Frequency Distribution of the Pre- test Score of

the Control Class .................................................................................. 59

Figure 4.3 The Frequency Distribution of the Post- test Score of the Experiment

Class ..................................................................................................... 65

Figure 4.4 The Frequency Distribution of the Post- test Score of

the Control Class .................................................................................. 71

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LIST OF ABBREVIATION AND SYMBOLS

DF : Degree of Freedom

MTs : Madrasah Tsanawiyah

IAIN : Institute Agama Islam Negeri

SPSS : Statistic Product and Service Solution

F : Frequency

x : Midpoint

X : Mean

Me : Median

Mo : Modus

SD : Standard Deviation

SEM : Standard Error of Mean

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1 The Research Schedule

Appendix 2 Lesson Plan and Syllabus

Appendix 3 Research Instrument

Appendix 4 Students’ Name and Code

Appendix 5 Students’ Score

Appendix 6 Students’ Writing Product

Appendix 7 Calculation of Reliability

Appendix 8 Tables

Appendix 9 Photograph

Appendix 10 Letters

Appendix 11 Curriculum Vitae

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CURRICULUM VITAE

Tri Lidyawati was born on September 24, 1991 in Demak, Central Java.

She was the third daughter from Siswanto and Nor Khasanah. Her hobbies are

listening to the music, watching movie and cooking.

She graduated from SD N- III Katonsari Demak in 2004, she continued

her study to SMP N-1 Demak from 2004 until 2007 and to SMA N-1 Demak from

2007 until 2010. She took science program class. To continue her study, she

entered the State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya in 2011. In order to be an

English Teacher, she chose English Study Program and finished her study for 4.5

years. Finally, she got her Sarjana Degree and graduated in 2015.